Hybrid solid-state circuit breaker

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, and relates to the technical field of low-voltage electric appliances. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker comprises a protection pole contact mechanism, a neutral pole contact mechanism and a connecting rod assembly. The protection pole contact mechanism comprises a first shell, a first mechanical switch and a power electronic switch, the first mechanical switch and the power electronic switch are arranged in the first shell and connected in parallel, the neutral pole contact mechanism comprises a second shell and a second mechanical switch arranged in the second shell, one end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the first shell, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the second shell. One end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the second shell and is connected with the first mechanical switch, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the second shell and is connected with the second mechanical switch. Synchronous opening and closing of the first mechanical switch and the second mechanical switch can be guaranteed, and the safety of operation and maintenance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical technology, and more specifically, to a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hybrid solid-state circuit breakers typically use power electronic switches to disconnect the protective electrode and mechanical switches to disconnect the neutral electrode. This combines the advantages of traditional mechanical circuit breakers and solid-state circuit breakers, utilizing mechanical switches to carry steady-state current and achieve electrical isolation, while power electronic switches enable extremely fast (microsecond-level) current interruption. However, when the protective electrode and neutral electrode are connected in parallel, the lack of a limit switch between the mechanical switches of the protective electrode and the neutral electrode results in poor opening and closing synchronization, affecting operational and maintenance safety.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a circuit breaker product with good opening and closing synchronization and safe operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker that can ensure the synchronous opening and closing of the first mechanical switch and the second mechanical switch, thereby improving the safety of operation and maintenance.

[0005] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows: This application provides a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, including a protective electrode contact mechanism, a neutral electrode contact mechanism, and a linkage assembly. The protective electrode contact mechanism includes a first housing and a first mechanical switch and a power electronic switch disposed within the first housing. The first mechanical switch and the power electronic switch are connected in parallel. The neutral electrode contact mechanism includes a second housing and a second mechanical switch disposed within the second housing. One end of the linkage assembly passes through the first housing and is connected to the first mechanical switch, and the other end passes through the second housing and is connected to the second mechanical switch. The linkage assembly is used to enable the first mechanical switch and the second mechanical switch to open and close synchronously.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the linkage assembly includes a first linkage, an insulating sleeve, and a second linkage connected in sequence. The first linkage and the second linkage are coaxial and spaced apart. The insulating sleeve is fitted over both the first linkage and the second linkage. The first linkage is connected to a first mechanical switch, and the second linkage is connected to a second mechanical switch.

[0007] As one possible implementation, the first mechanical switch includes a first moving contact, a first contact support, and a first stationary contact. The first moving contact is connected to the first contact support and is disposed opposite to the first stationary contact. The first connecting rod is connected to the first contact support. The second mechanical switch includes a second moving contact, a second contact bracket, and a second stationary contact. The second moving contact is connected to the second contact bracket and is disposed opposite to the second stationary contact. The second connecting rod is connected to the second contact bracket.

[0008] As one possible implementation, the distance between the first moving contact and the first stationary contact is greater than the distance between the second moving contact and the second stationary contact.

[0009] As one possible implementation, the overtravel of the first moving contact is less than the overtravel of the second moving contact.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first moving contact is provided with multiple first moving contacts, the second moving contact is provided with multiple second moving contacts, and there are multiple linkage assemblies. The multiple linkage assemblies are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and are all connected between the first contact support and the second contact support. The position of each linkage assembly corresponds to the position of a first moving contact and a second moving contact.

[0011] As one possible implementation, the protective electrode contact mechanism also includes a drive control module and a main circuit disposed within the first housing. The drive control module, the first mechanical switch, and the power electronic switch are all electrically connected to the main circuit. The power electronic switch is disposed above the first mechanical switch, and the main circuit is disposed between the power electronic switch and the first mechanical switch.

[0012] As one possible implementation, the main circuit includes two terminals arranged opposite each other, one terminal for connecting to the power supply and the other terminal for connecting to the load.

[0013] As one possible implementation, the side of the first housing is provided with an assembly rib, and the side of the second housing is provided with a limiting groove. The first housing and the second housing are arranged side by side, and the assembly rib cooperates with the limiting groove.

[0014] As one possible implementation, there are multiple protective electrode contact mechanisms, which are arranged side by side.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include: This hybrid solid-state circuit breaker includes a protective electrode contact mechanism, a neutral electrode contact mechanism, and a linkage assembly. The protective electrode contact mechanism includes a first housing and a first mechanical switch and a power electronic switch disposed within the first housing. The first mechanical switch and the power electronic switch are connected in parallel. The neutral electrode contact mechanism includes a second housing and a second mechanical switch disposed within the second housing. One end of the linkage assembly passes through the first housing and is connected to the first mechanical switch, while the other end passes through the second housing and is connected to the second mechanical switch. The linkage assembly is used to synchronously open and close the first and second mechanical switches. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in this application, through the parallel connection of the first mechanical switch and the power electronic switch and the linkage assembly connecting the first and second mechanical switches, can ensure the synchronous opening and closing of the first and second mechanical switches, achieving synchronous disconnection of the protective electrode and the neutral electrode during circuit breaking, thereby achieving complete electrical isolation and improving the safety of operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective electrode contact mechanism in a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the neutral pole contact mechanism in a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first mechanical switch and the power electronic switch in a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first mechanical switch is connected to the second mechanical switch via a linkage assembly in a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first contact support is connected to the second contact support via a connecting rod assembly.

[0018] Icons: 100 - Hybrid solid-state circuit breaker; 110 - Protective electrode contact mechanism; 111 - First housing; 1111 - Assembly rib; 1112 - First through hole; 112 - First mechanical switch; 1121 - First moving contact; 1122 - First contact support; 1123 - First moving contact; 113 - Power electronic switch; 114 - Main circuit; 115 - Terminal block; 120 - Neutral electrode contact mechanism; 121 - Second housing; 1211 - Limiting groove; 1212 - Second through hole; 122 - Second mechanical switch; 1221 - Second moving contact; 1222 - Second contact support; 1223 - Second moving contact; 130 - Link assembly; 131 - First link; 132 - Insulating sleeve; 133 - Second link. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, features in the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] Please refer to the reference. Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100 for implementing circuit breaking functions. It ensures the synchronous opening and closing of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122, improving operational and maintenance safety.

[0026] The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100 includes a protective electrode contact mechanism 110, a neutral electrode contact mechanism 120, and a linkage assembly 130. The protective electrode contact mechanism 110 includes a first housing 111 and a first mechanical switch 112 and a power electronic switch 113 disposed within the first housing 111, the first mechanical switch 112 and the power electronic switch 113 being connected in parallel. The neutral electrode contact mechanism 120 includes a second housing 121 and a second mechanical switch 122 disposed within the second housing 121. One end of the linkage assembly 130 passes through the first housing 111 and is connected to the first mechanical switch 112, and the other end passes through the second housing 121 and is connected to the second mechanical switch 122. The linkage assembly 130 is used to synchronously open and close the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122.

[0027] The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100 provided in this application, through the parallel connection of a first mechanical switch 112 and a power electronic switch 113 and a linkage assembly 130 connected between the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122, can ensure that the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122 open and close synchronously, and realize the synchronous disconnection of the protective electrode and the neutral electrode when the circuit is broken, thereby achieving complete electrical isolation and improving the safety of operation and maintenance.

[0028] Furthermore, the first housing 111 has a first through hole 1112 and the second housing 121 has a second through hole 1212. The first through hole 1112 and the second through hole 1212 are aligned and arranged. Both the first through hole 1112 and the second through hole 1212 are used for the connecting rod assembly 130 to pass through, so as to realize the clearance function.

[0029] It should be noted that the protective electrode contact mechanism 110 includes a first mechanical switch 112 and a power electronic switch 113. The first mechanical switch 112 is used to carry steady-state current and achieve electrical isolation, while the power electronic switch 113 is used for rapid current interruption. Specifically, under normal operating conditions, the first mechanical switch 112 is closed, and only the branch containing the first mechanical switch 112 is conducting, while the branch containing the power electronic switch 113 is not working. This results in a large current-carrying capacity, low power consumption, and the ability to carry steady-state current. When a fault current occurs and interruption is required, the power electronic switch 113 is turned on first, and the current is commutated to the branch containing the power electronic switch 113, while the first mechanical switch 112 is opened. Subsequently, the power electronic switch 113 turns off the current, achieving a microsecond-level response and realizing extremely fast current interruption.

[0030] Furthermore, the neutral contact mechanism 120 includes a second mechanical switch 122, which only serves to connect or disconnect. Specifically, under normal operating conditions, the second mechanical switch 122 is closed and energized; when a fault current occurs and disconnection is required, the second mechanical switch 122 is opened and de-energized; that is, the second mechanical switch 122 only serves a protective function.

[0031] It is worth noting that the main power for opening and closing the first mechanical switch 112 comes from the protective electrode contact mechanism 110, and the main power for opening and closing the second mechanical switch 122 comes from the neutral electrode contact mechanism 120. Whether in the opening or closing process, the linkage assembly 130 only plays the role of ensuring the synchronous opening and closing of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122, improving the synchronicity of the movement of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122, without affecting the opening and closing performance of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122 respectively.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the linkage assembly 130 includes a first linkage 131, an insulating sleeve 132, and a second linkage 133 connected sequentially. The first linkage 131 and the second linkage 133 are coaxial and spaced apart. The insulating sleeve 132 is fitted over both the first linkage 131 and the second linkage 133 to fix their relative positions. The first linkage 131 is connected to a first mechanical switch 112, and the second linkage 133 is connected to a second mechanical switch 122. The first linkage 131, the insulating sleeve 132, and the second linkage 133 always maintain synchronous movement to improve the synchronicity of the movements of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122. Specifically, because the first linkage 131 and the second linkage 133 are spaced apart and connected by the insulating sleeve 132, they are completely independent and mutually insulated to prevent short circuits caused by conduction between the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122, ensuring safety.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first mechanical switch 112 includes a first moving contact 1121, a first contact support 1122, and a first stationary contact (not shown). The first moving contact 1121 is connected to the first contact support 1122 and is disposed opposite to the first stationary contact. A first connecting rod 131 is connected to the first contact support 1122. The first contact support 1122 can drive the first moving contact 1121 to move closer to or further away from the first stationary contact, so as to realize the closing or opening of the first mechanical switch 112. During this process, the first connecting rod 131 will move with the movement of the first contact support 1122.

[0034] Accordingly, the second mechanical switch 122 includes a second moving contact 1221, a second contact support 1222, and a second stationary contact (not shown). The second moving contact 1221 is connected to the second contact support 1222 and is positioned opposite to the second stationary contact. The second connecting rod 133 is connected to the second contact support 1222. The second contact support 1222 can drive the second moving contact 1221 to move closer to or further away from the second stationary contact, thereby closing or opening the second mechanical switch 122. During this process, the second connecting rod 133 moves along with the movement of the second contact support 1222. Furthermore, since the insulating sleeve 132 limits the positions of the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 133, the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 133 cannot undergo relative displacement, thus ensuring that the first contact support 1122 and the second contact support 1222 move synchronously, that is, ensuring that the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122 open and close synchronously.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the distance between the first moving contact 1121 and the first stationary contact is greater than the distance between the second moving contact 1221 and the second stationary contact. During the closing process, the second moving contact 1221 contacts the second stationary contact first, and then the first moving contact 1121 contacts the first stationary contact; that is, the second mechanical switch 122 closes before the first mechanical switch 112. The overtravel of the first moving contact 1121 is less than the overtravel of the second moving contact 1221. During the opening process, the first moving contact 1121 separates from the first stationary contact first, and then the second moving contact 1221 separates from the second stationary contact; that is, the second mechanical switch 122 opens after the first mechanical switch 112. In this way, the second mechanical switch 122 can be made to close before the first mechanical switch 112, that is, the neutral contact mechanism 120 can be made to close before the protective contact mechanism 110, thus improving safety.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first moving contact 1121 is provided with multiple first moving contacts 1123, the second moving contact 1221 is provided with multiple second moving contacts 1223, and there are multiple linkage assemblies 130. These linkage assemblies 130 are arranged in parallel at intervals and are all connected between the first contact support 1122 and the second contact support 1222. The position of each linkage assembly 130 corresponds to the position of one first moving contact 1123 and one second moving contact 1223. Specifically, the multiple linkage assemblies 130 work together to ensure that multiple points on the first contact support 1122 and the second contact support 1222 (positions corresponding to the first moving contacts 1123 and the second moving contacts 1223) move synchronously. This ensures that multiple first moving contacts 1123 simultaneously open and close with multiple first stationary contacts, and multiple second moving contacts 1223 simultaneously open and close with multiple second stationary contacts, improving the synchronicity and stability of the opening and closing of the first mechanical switch 112 and the second mechanical switch 122.

[0037] As one possible implementation, the protective electrode contact mechanism 110 further includes a drive control module (not shown) and a main circuit 114 disposed within the first housing 111. The drive control module, the first mechanical switch 112, and the power electronic switch 113 are all electrically connected to the main circuit 114. The drive control module is used to electrically control the first mechanical switch 112 and the power electronic switch 113. Specifically, the power electronic switch 113 is disposed above the first mechanical switch 112, and the main circuit 114 is disposed between the power electronic switch 113 and the first mechanical switch 112, so as to achieve a reasonable and compact layout of the protective electrode contact mechanism 110, minimize the size of the protective electrode contact mechanism 110, and achieve miniaturization.

[0038] Furthermore, the main circuit 114 includes two terminals 115 arranged opposite each other. One terminal 115 is used to connect to the power supply terminal, and the other terminal 115 is used to connect to the load terminal, so as to realize the conduction function between the power supply terminal and the load terminal. Specifically, both terminals 115 are arranged between the power electronic switch 113 and the first mechanical switch 112, so as to further realize the compact layout of the protective electrode contact mechanism 110.

[0039] As one possible implementation, the side of the first housing 111 is provided with a mounting rib 1111, and the side of the second housing 121 is provided with a limiting groove 1211. The first housing 111 and the second housing 121 are arranged side by side, and the mounting rib 1111 cooperates with the limiting groove 1211 to facilitate assembly, realize the parallel connection of the protective electrode contact mechanism 110 and the neutral electrode contact mechanism 120, and at the same time improve the structural strength of the entire hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first housing 111 is relatively thin, and the protruding assembly rib 1111 on the outside of the first housing 111 can effectively enhance the structural strength of the first housing 111. The second housing 121 is relatively thick, and the opening of the limiting groove 1211 on the outside of the second housing 121 will not affect the structural strength of the second housing 121. However, this is not the only possibility. In other embodiments, a groove can be opened on the outside of the first housing 111, and a protruding rib can be provided on the outside of the second housing 121, with the rib engaging with the groove.

[0041] As one possible implementation, there can be multiple protective electrode contact mechanisms 110, arranged side by side, to achieve the parallel connection function of multiple protective electrode contact mechanisms 110 and one neutral electrode contact mechanism 120. In this embodiment, there are two protective electrode contact mechanisms 110, but it is not limited to this. The number of protective electrode contact mechanisms 110 can be one, three, or four, and there is no specific limitation on the number of protective electrode contact mechanisms 110.

[0042] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, characterized in that, The device includes a protective electrode contact mechanism (110), a neutral electrode contact mechanism (120), and a linkage assembly (130). The protective electrode contact mechanism (110) includes a first housing (111) and a first mechanical switch (112) and a power electronic switch (113) disposed within the first housing (111). The first mechanical switch (112) and the power electronic switch (113) are connected in parallel. The neutral electrode contact mechanism (120) includes a second housing (121) and a second mechanical switch (122) disposed within the second housing (121). One end of the linkage assembly (130) passes through the first housing (111) and is connected to the first mechanical switch (112). The other end passes through the second housing (121) and is connected to the second mechanical switch (122). The linkage assembly (130) is used to enable the first mechanical switch (112) and the second mechanical switch (122) to open and close synchronously.

2. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage assembly (130) includes a first linkage (131), an insulating sleeve (132), and a second linkage (133) connected in sequence. The first linkage (131) and the second linkage (133) are coaxial and spaced apart. The insulating sleeve (132) is sleeved on both the first linkage (131) and the second linkage (133). The first linkage (131) is connected to the first mechanical switch (112), and the second linkage (133) is connected to the second mechanical switch (122).

3. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first mechanical switch (112) includes a first moving contact (1121), a first contact support (1122) and a first stationary contact. The first moving contact (1121) is connected to the first contact support (1122) and is disposed opposite to the first stationary contact. The first connecting rod (131) is connected to the first contact support (1122). The second mechanical switch (122) includes a second moving contact (1221), a second contact bracket (1222), and a second stationary contact. The second moving contact (1221) is connected to the second contact bracket (1222) and is disposed opposite to the second stationary contact. The second connecting rod (133) is connected to the second contact bracket (1222).

4. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first moving contact (1121) and the first stationary contact is greater than the distance between the second moving contact (1221) and the second stationary contact.

5. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overtravel of the first moving contact (1121) is less than the overtravel of the second moving contact (1221).

6. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first moving contact (1121) is provided with a plurality of first moving contacts (1123), and the second moving contact (1221) is provided with a plurality of second moving contacts (1223). There are a plurality of connecting rod assemblies (130), which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and are all connected between the first contact support (1122) and the second contact support (1222). The position of each connecting rod assembly (130) corresponds to the position of one first moving contact (1123) and one second moving contact (1223).

7. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective electrode contact mechanism (110) further includes a drive control module and a main circuit (114) disposed in the first housing (111). The drive control module, the first mechanical switch (112) and the power electronic switch (113) are all electrically connected to the main circuit (114). The power electronic switch (113) is disposed above the first mechanical switch (112), and the main circuit (114) is disposed between the power electronic switch (113) and the first mechanical switch (112).

8. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main circuit (114) includes two terminals (115) arranged opposite to each other, one of which is used to connect to the power supply and the other is used to connect to the load.

9. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing (111) has a protruding assembly rib (1111) on its side, and the second housing (121) has a limiting groove (1211) on its side. The first housing (111) and the second housing (121) are arranged side by side, and the assembly rib (1111) cooperates with the limiting groove (1211).

10. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the protective electrode contact mechanism (110) is multiple, and the multiple protective electrode contact mechanisms (110) are arranged side by side.

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