Carbon compensation method and device based on grid scale, storage medium and equipment
By using a grid-scale carbon compensation method, which utilizes geospatial and socioeconomic data for downscaling and spatial analysis, the problem of coarse accuracy in existing carbon compensation models is solved, enabling accurate calculation and rational allocation of carbon compensation funds.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing carbon offsetting models are typically studied at industry and regional scales, resulting in coarse carbon offsetting calculation accuracy and an inability to accurately identify the spatial distribution of carbon emissions and absorption.
A grid-scale-based approach is adopted to acquire geospatial and socioeconomic data, perform downscaling, combine spatial analysis, determine carbon compensation units at target resolution, and calculate carbon compensation funds based on point-of-interest data.
It has improved the accuracy of carbon offset fund calculation, enabling the quantification of carbon absorption and emissions driven by land use change from a high-resolution perspective, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon offset fund calculation and avoiding resource waste and unreasonable compensation allocation.
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Figure CN122072864A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of ecological and environmental equipment analysis technology, and in particular to a grid-scale carbon compensation method, device, storage medium and equipment. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and economic development, the unlimited development and utilization of large amounts of land has led to a series of derivative problems, such as the imbalance of carbon source and sink patterns, a surge in carbon emissions, and carbon spatial migration.
[0003] To reduce the negative impact of land use change on carbon source and sink patterns and achieve the dual protection of regional economic development and carbon neutrality, "carbon compensation," derived from the concept of ecological compensation, has emerged. Carbon compensation refers to compensating individuals or groups who provide production benefits and protect the ecological environment through economic incentives. It follows the compensation principle of "whoever protects, benefits; whoever pollutes, pays," internalizing the environmental externalities related to socio-economic production activities. It is considered an effective measure to adjust the relationship between the ecological environment and various stakeholders, thereby promoting the coordinated development of humans and the environment.
[0004] However, existing carbon offsetting models are usually based on industry and regional scales, which are too broad and coarse. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This application provides a grid-scale carbon offsetting method, apparatus, storage medium, and device that can quantify carbon absorption and emissions driven by land use change from a high-resolution perspective, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon offsetting fund calculations.
[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a grid-scale-based carbon compensation method, including: Acquire geospatial and socioeconomic data for the study area; wherein the geospatial data includes land use type data for at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; and the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data for at least one land use type. Based on the geospatial data and the socioeconomic data, obtain carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type; Downscaling of carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type yields grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. Spatial analysis is performed on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area; Determine the carbon compensation unit with target resolution, and obtain the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data for each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. Based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest in each carbon compensation unit, the carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit are obtained.
[0007] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a grid-scale-based carbon compensation device, the device comprising: The study area data acquisition module is used to acquire geospatial data and socioeconomic data of the study area; wherein, the geospatial data includes land use type data of at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data of at least one land use type. A carbon emission and carbon absorption data acquisition module is used to acquire carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of at least one land use type based on the geospatial data and the socioeconomic data. The downscaling module is used to downscale the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of the at least one land use type to obtain grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The spatial analysis module is used to perform spatial analysis on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. The carbon compensation unit data acquisition module is used to determine the carbon compensation unit at the target resolution, and to acquire the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data of each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and the grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The carbon compensation fund acquisition module is used to acquire carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest in each carbon compensation unit.
[0008] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any of the preceding claims.
[0009] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor; When the processor executes a computer program, it implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any of the above.
[0010] In this embodiment, by acquiring geospatial and socioeconomic data of the study area, carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type are obtained based on the geospatial and socioeconomic data. The carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type are downscaled to obtain grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data. Spatial analysis is performed on the grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. Carbon compensation units with a target resolution are determined. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point-of-interest (POI) data, and the grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data, carbon emission data, carbon absorption data, and POI data for each carbon compensation unit are obtained. Based on the carbon emission and carbon absorption data of each POI in each carbon compensation unit, the carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit are obtained. This approach can solve the problem of coarse accuracy in previous carbon compensation estimations. By downscaling, carbon compensation at the industry and regional scales moves towards grid-scale carbon compensation, making the calculation of carbon compensation funds more accurate.
[0011] To better understand and implement this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a grid-scale-based carbon compensation method in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step S140 in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A flowchart of another grid-scale-based carbon compensation method in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grid-scale-based carbon compensation device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0014] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.
[0015] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0016] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0017] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "several" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the correspondence between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0018] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a grid-scale-based carbon compensation method, which includes: S110: Acquire geospatial data and socioeconomic data of the study area; wherein, the geospatial data includes land use type data of at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data of at least one land use type; Geospatial data may include land use type maps, nighttime light data, population density, and POI (Point of Interest) data. Geospatial data can be obtained from databases such as the Resource and Environment Science and Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Geographic Information Resource Catalog Service System. In the embodiments of this application, the spatial grid accuracy of the geospatial data is 30 meters.
[0019] In this embodiment, land use types may include forest land, grassland, construction land, and arable land, which are related to carbon emissions and carbon absorption. Land use type data may be a land use type map that includes all land use types within the study area.
[0020] Nighttime light data can include the grayscale values of nighttime lights.
[0021] Resource consumption data can include consumption data for agricultural film, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, and energy. Agricultural data can be obtained from the *China Rural Statistical Yearbook*, while energy data can be obtained from the *China Energy Statistical Yearbook* and local city statistical yearbooks.
[0022] S120: Based on the geospatial data and the socioeconomic data, obtain carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type; Different land use types have different carbon emissions and carbon absorption. Optionally, land use types can be divided into carbon emission subjects, carbon absorption subjects, and carbon emission and carbon absorption subjects based on their carbon emission and carbon absorption status.
[0023] For example, forest land and grassland are the main carbon absorbers, while construction land is the main carbon emitter. Cultivated land has both carbon emission and carbon absorption functions, and is the main carbon emitter and carbon absorber.
[0024] S130: Downscale the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of the at least one land use type to obtain grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data; The aforementioned carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data may include data at various scales, such as regional or provincial scale data. By downscaling these data, grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data can be obtained.
[0025] Downscaling can be achieved using resampling or other existing downscaling methods.
[0026] S140: Perform spatial analysis on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area.
[0027] Spatial distribution characteristics are used to determine the spatial distribution of carbon absorption and carbon emissions in the study area.
[0028] Optionally, global Moran index, hot and cold spot analysis, standard deviation elliptic analysis, or other existing spatial analysis methods can be used to perform spatial analysis on grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data.
[0029] S150: Determine the carbon compensation unit with target resolution, and obtain the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data for each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. S160: Based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest in each carbon compensation unit, obtain the carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit.
[0030] Optionally, carbon offset funds can be allocated based on the points of interest within each carbon offset unit. Within a carbon offset unit, the carbon emissions of different points of interest are used as the primary basis. If a carbon offset unit needs to pay offset funds, these funds are allocated proportionally according to the amount of carbon emissions from the points of interest within the unit—the more emissions, the more funds are paid. Similarly, if offset funds are received, they are allocated proportionally—the less emissions, the more funds are received.
[0031] In this embodiment, by acquiring geospatial and socioeconomic data of the study area, carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type are obtained based on the geospatial and socioeconomic data. The carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type are downscaled to obtain grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data. Spatial analysis is performed on the grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. Carbon compensation units with a target resolution are determined. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point-of-interest (POI) data, and the grid-scale carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data, carbon emission data, carbon absorption data, and POI data for each carbon compensation unit are obtained. Based on the carbon emission and carbon absorption data of each POI in each carbon compensation unit, the carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit are obtained. This approach solves the problem of coarse accuracy in previous carbon compensation estimations. By downscaling, carbon compensation at the industry and regional scales moves towards grid-scale carbon compensation, making the calculation of carbon compensation funds more accurate.
[0032] In step S120, the at least one land use type may include forest land, grassland, construction land and arable land.
[0033] Depending on the land use type, the corresponding land use type data can vary. For example, for forest land and grassland, the land use type data can include the area and carbon absorption coefficient of the land use type; for arable land, the land use type data can include the carbon absorption coefficient of crops synthesizing organic matter per unit through photosynthesis, crop moisture content, crop economic yield, crop economic coefficient, fertilizer use, pesticide use, crop area, agricultural machinery power, irrigated area, agricultural film use, and its corresponding carbon emission conversion coefficient, etc. For construction land, the land use type data can include energy consumption, standard coal conversion coefficient of the energy type, and standard coal carbon emission coefficient, etc.
[0034] The carbon uptake of forest land can be obtained based on the grid area of the forest land and the carbon uptake coefficient of the forest land. Specifically, the carbon uptake of forest land is obtained in the following way:
[0035] in, This represents the total carbon absorption of forest land. Let be the carbon absorption of the nth grid forest. The carbon absorption coefficient per unit area of forest land. Forest area; The carbon uptake of grassland can be obtained based on the grassland's carbon uptake coefficient and its area. Specifically, the carbon uptake of grassland can be obtained in the following way:
[0036] in, This represents the total carbon uptake by the grassland. Let be the carbon absorption of the grassland in the m-th grid. Let be the area of the grassland in the m-th grid. The carbon absorption coefficient per unit area of grassland; Cultivated land carbon absorption mainly refers to the process by which crops (such as rice, wheat, corn, and sorghum) planted on cultivated land absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and then convert it into organic matter. Part of this carbon is stored in the plant and the other part is released into the soil through the root system. The amount of cultivated land carbon absorption can be obtained based on the carbon absorption coefficient of the unit organic matter synthesized by the crop through photosynthesis, the moisture content of the crop, the economic yield of the crop, and the economic coefficient of the crop.
[0037] Specifically, the carbon uptake of arable land is obtained in the following ways:
[0038] in, The total carbon absorption of arable land. Let be the carbon absorption of the i-th crop. Let be the carbon absorption coefficient of the i-th crop for synthesizing one unit of organic matter through photosynthesis. Let be the moisture content of the i-th crop. Let i be the economic yield of the i-th crop. Let be the economic coefficient of the i-th crop.
[0039] The carbon emission calculation mentioned above is done by calculating the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed directly from the atmosphere by various vegetation such as trees, grass, and crops through photosynthesis, that is, by calculating the amount of carbon absorbed directly.
[0040] Farmland carbon emissions primarily refer to carbon emissions generated by major human farming activities during crop cultivation, such as fertilization, irrigation, machinery, pesticides, and agricultural films. Among these, fertilizer use can affect soil microbial activity, thus impacting the carbon cycle. The use of some fertilizers may lead to the proliferation of soil microorganisms, prompting the decomposition of more organic matter into gaseous carbon. Over-irrigation can alter the soil's redox state, affecting carbon emissions. Mechanical tillage is a common farming practice; this process disturbs the soil, exposing organic matter to the air and causing it to decompose into carbon dioxide. The machinery itself consumes large amounts of high-carbon fuel, also generating significant carbon emissions. Furthermore, farmers use agricultural films to cover farmland for purposes such as insulation, moisture retention, and weed suppression. The use of agricultural films can lead to insufficient oxygen supply in the soil, prompting microorganisms to engage in anaerobic metabolism, producing greenhouse gases such as methane. The use of pesticides on farmland can lead to adverse environmental effects. For example, pesticides may migrate to other areas through weathering and water flow, affecting water quality. Some pesticides may also affect soil microorganisms and ecosystems, leading to changes in the carbon cycle.
[0041] Therefore, the carbon emissions of various human activities on arable land can be comprehensively calculated by combining the amount of fertilizer used, the amount of pesticide used, the area of crops, the power of agricultural machinery, the area of irrigation, the amount of agricultural film used, and their corresponding carbon emission conversion coefficients, so as to obtain the carbon emissions of arable land.
[0042] Specifically, carbon emissions from arable land are obtained in the following ways:
[0043] in, For arable land carbon emissions, A is fertilizer usage, D is pesticide usage, G is crop area, I is agricultural machinery power, K is irrigated area, M is agricultural film usage, B is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of fertilizer usage, F is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of pesticide usage, H is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of crop area, J is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of agricultural machinery power, L is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of irrigated area, and N is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of agricultural film usage.
[0044] Carbon emissions from construction land mainly involve the entire life cycle of buildings and infrastructure construction, including material production, construction, use, and demolition. The main source of carbon emissions is the large-scale consumption of energy. For example, cement production requires a large amount of coal to provide fuel, construction usually requires the use of oil and electricity, heating, cooling, and lighting during the use phase all consume a large amount of energy, and the incineration process during demolition and disposal also involves energy use.
[0045] Therefore, carbon emissions can be calculated based on data such as the consumption of energy types, the standard coal conversion factor of energy types, and the carbon emission factor of standard coal.
[0046] Specifically, the carbon emissions of construction land are obtained in the following ways:
[0047] in, Carbon emissions from construction land, Let i be the carbon emissions of the i-th energy type. Let i be the consumption of the i-th energy type. Let be the standard coal conversion factor for the i-th energy type. The carbon emission factor is the standard coal equivalent.
[0048] The energy types in this application embodiment may include eight major energy sources, such as raw coal, coke, crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and natural gas.
[0049] In the above embodiments, the carbon absorption of forest land and grassland is data at the grid scale, the carbon emissions of construction land is data at the provincial scale, and the carbon absorption and emissions of cultivated land are data at the regional scale. There is a scale mismatch problem among the above data. Therefore, it is necessary to downscale the carbon emissions of construction land and the carbon absorption and emissions of cultivated land and convert them into carbon emissions of construction land and cultivated land at the grid scale.
[0050] In one embodiment, downscaling the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type includes: The carbon uptake of the farmland is downscaled in the following manner:
[0051] in, Carbon absorption by arable land NVDI is the regression coefficient for arable land carbon absorption, and NVDI is the vegetation cover. This is a constant value for carbon absorption by arable land; The carbon emissions from the farmland are downscaled in the following manner:
[0052] in, Carbon emissions from arable land The regression coefficient for carbon emissions from arable land. This is a constant value for carbon emissions from arable land. For the gridding of arable land carbon absorption and carbon emissions, the correlation between them can be established using the NVDI vegetation cover dataset. By using vegetation cover data, the coverage of arable land can be accurately identified, and all arable land can be extracted and gridded. The grid resolution is consistent with the grid resolution of forest carbon absorption and grassland carbon absorption. It is assumed that the carbon absorption and carbon emissions of all arable land exhibit homogeneous characteristics, so that the regional carbon absorption and carbon emissions are evenly distributed to each grid, and finally the gridded arable land carbon absorption and carbon emissions are obtained, realizing the downscaling of arable land carbon absorption and carbon emissions.
[0053] The carbon emissions from the aforementioned construction land will be downscaled in the following manner:
[0054] in, Carbon emissions from construction land, The regression coefficient for carbon emissions from construction land. DN represents the constant value of carbon emissions from construction land, and DN represents the grayscale value of nighttime lights.
[0055] Regarding carbon emissions from construction land, since different brightness values in nighttime light data represent the region's electricity consumption, higher brightness values indicate greater electricity consumption, requiring more energy to meet the substantial electricity demand and thus generating more carbon emissions. Therefore, by establishing a linear relationship between the grayscale values of nighttime light data and carbon emissions, and using these grayscale values to obtain carbon emissions for construction land in different grids, we can achieve a downscaling of carbon emissions from construction land at the provincial level. The grayscale values of the light data and carbon emissions can be directly proportional.
[0056] In step S140, after obtaining the carbon absorption of forest land, carbon absorption of grassland land, carbon emission of construction land land and carbon absorption and carbon emission of cultivated land at the grid scale, spatial analysis can be performed on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale based on existing spatial autocorrelation analysis methods to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. In this embodiment, the global Moran index, hot and cold spot analysis method, and standard deviation elliptic analysis are used to perform spatial analysis on grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data.
[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, spatial analysis is performed on grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emissions in the study area, including: S141: Obtain the spatial Moran index for carbon absorption and carbon emissions in the study area using the following method:
[0058] in, The spatial Moran index represents carbon absorption and carbon emissions, where n is the number of spatial units. and For the carbon absorption and carbon emissions of grid i and grid j, This represents the average carbon absorption and carbon emissions across all grids. Let i be the spatial weight matrix of adjacent grid i and grid j; S142: Perform hot and cold spot analysis on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain a heat map of hot and cold distribution, and calculate the heat value of each grid point; Hot and cold spot analysis can be used to determine the hot and cold status of the spatial distribution of carbon absorption and carbon emissions, reflect whether there is a phenomenon of high and low value agglomeration of carbon absorption and carbon emissions, and at the same time determine the spatial location of high and low value agglomeration.
[0059] Specifically, hot and cold spot analysis can be performed on carbon absorption and carbon emission data of the study area using ArcGIS software.
[0060] The higher the heat value, the more likely the location is to be a hot spot; otherwise, it is considered a cold spot.
[0061] S143: Based on the standard deviation elliptic analysis method, obtain the relationship between carbon absorption and carbon emissions; Standard deviation ellipse analysis calculates the standard deviation ellipse between variables based on the mean and standard deviation of each variable in the sample, thereby revealing the correlation between data. Standard deviation ellipse analysis can be used to analyze the directional characteristics of the spatial distribution of carbon absorption and emissions, quantitatively revealing the centrality, diffusion, directionality, and spatial pattern of economic factors and the spatial distribution of carbon absorption from a global spatial perspective.
[0062] Spatial analysis of carbon emission and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale allows for a comprehensive analysis of the distribution and clustering characteristics of carbon absorption and emissions at a high-resolution grid scale.
[0063] In the above embodiments, the grid scale is the grid resolution of the land use type map. If this grid resolution is used as the carbon compensation benchmark unit, it will lead to problems such as homogenization and unreasonable allocation.
[0064] The homogenization problem mainly refers to the fact that the calculated carbon absorption and carbon emissions are primarily based on either carbon absorption or carbon emissions alone. The grid cell does not encompass both carbon absorption and carbon emissions, making it difficult to achieve carbon compensation at this grid level. Furthermore, since the grid cell resolution is only 30 meters, performing carbon compensation at this resolution leads to a series of problems, including a serious waste of management resources and even an unreasonable compensation benchmark.
[0065] Therefore, in step S150, carbon compensation units can be determined based on the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emissions. In this embodiment, the target resolution can be 10 kilometers. By further cropping and resampling the obtained carbon absorption and carbon emission data, carbon absorption and carbon emission data of carbon compensation units can be obtained. Each carbon compensation unit can contain carbon absorption and carbon emission data of different land use types.
[0066] Specifically, the aforementioned carbon absorption and emission data can be reclassified into carbon compensation units with a resolution of 10 kilometers using ArcGIS software. Simultaneously, the POI (Point of Interest) data is fused with the reclassified carbon absorption and emission data for each carbon compensation unit to ultimately obtain comprehensive carbon compensation data integrating carbon absorption, emissions, and POIs.
[0067] In step S160, the difference between carbon emissions and carbon absorption of each carbon compensation unit, i.e., net carbon emissions, can be used as the main basis for carbon compensation. If the carbon absorption of a carbon compensation unit exceeds its carbon emissions, then the unit reflects a good carbon sequestration capacity. It can not only absorb the carbon emissions of its own unit but also help other units absorb excess carbon emissions, and therefore should receive corresponding financial compensation. Conversely, if the carbon emissions of a carbon compensation unit exceed its carbon absorption, then the unit is a major carbon emission area, and a large amount of its carbon emissions need to be absorbed by other units. Therefore, it should be compensated by paying certain funds to other units.
[0068] Specifically, carbon offset funds for carbon offset units shall be obtained in the following manner:
[0069] in, The carbon offset funds spent or received for the i-th carbon offset unit, where M is the economic benefit generated per unit of carbon dioxide emissions. Let be the net carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon absorption amount of the i-th carbon compensation unit. This indicates that the i-th carbon compensation unit needs to pay compensation funds, and conversely, it receives compensation funds.
[0070] In reality, the economic development of different carbon offsetting units varies significantly, as do their net carbon emissions. If only net carbon emissions are considered as a single factor in calculating the value of carbon offsetting, ignoring the economic development of different units, the calculation results will be somewhat unreasonable, leading to a mismatch between the offsetting funds and the economic situation of the units.
[0071] Therefore, in order to make the carbon offset value closer to reality, this application embodiment will further establish a more scientific and reasonable carbon offset benchmark. First, a carbon emission threshold is set for each carbon offset unit, which can be further adjusted based on the carbon emission value accounting.
[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the method further includes: S210: Obtain the carbon emission threshold of the carbon offset unit in the following manner:
[0073] in, Let be the carbon emission threshold for the i-th carbon offset unit, F be the economic contribution coefficient of carbon emissions, be the average carbon emissions across all grids, and X be the gross domestic product of all carbon offset units. Let Q be the gross production value of the i-th carbon offset unit, and let Q be the carbon emissions of all carbon offset units. Let be the carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit; S220: The carbon emissions of the i-th carbon compensation unit are adjusted based on the carbon emission intensity of each carbon compensation unit.
[0074] in, Let be the corrected carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon emission intensity of the i-th carbon offset unit in period t1. Let be the carbon emission intensity of the i-th carbon offset unit in period t2. The total carbon emission intensity of all carbon offset units in period t1. The total carbon emission intensity of all carbon offsetting units in period t2; S230: Obtain the revised carbon offset funding based on the revised carbon emissions, carbon emission threshold, and carbon absorption of the carbon offset unit.
[0075] in, This refers to the carbon compensation funds for the i-th carbon compensation unit after the correction.
[0076] Please see Figure 4 This application also provides a grid-scale-based carbon compensation device, the device comprising: The study area data acquisition module 110 is used to acquire geospatial data and socioeconomic data of the study area; wherein, the geospatial data includes land use type data of at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data of at least one land use type. Carbon emission and carbon absorption data acquisition module 120 is used to acquire carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of at least one land use type based on the geospatial data and the socio-economic data. Downscaling module 130 is used to downscale the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of the at least one land use type to obtain grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The spatial analysis module 140 is used to perform spatial analysis on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. The carbon compensation unit data acquisition module 150 is used to determine the carbon compensation unit with target resolution, and to acquire the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data of each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and the grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The carbon compensation fund acquisition module 160 is used to acquire the carbon compensation fund for each carbon compensation unit based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest of each carbon compensation unit.
[0077] It should be noted that the grid-scale carbon compensation device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when executing the grid-scale carbon compensation method. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the grid-scale carbon compensation device provided in the above embodiments and the grid-scale carbon compensation method in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the implementation process is detailed in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0078] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any of the preceding embodiments.
[0079] The embodiments of this application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing program code. Computer-readable storage media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information may be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to: phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.
[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a computer device 200, including a memory 210, a processor 220, and a computer program stored in the memory 210 and executable by the processor 220; When processor 220 executes a computer program, it implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any of the above.
[0081] The memory 210 includes read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium capable of carrying or storing data.
[0082] The processor 220 is the control unit of the computer device 200. It connects to various components of the computer device 200 via various interfaces and lines. By running or executing programs or modules stored in the memory 210, and by calling data stored in the memory 210, it performs various functions of the conference device 400 and processes data. For example, when the processor 220 executes the computer program stored in the memory 210, it implements all or part of the steps of the grid-scale carbon compensation method in this application embodiment; or it implements all or part of the functions of the grid-scale carbon compensation device. The processor 220 can be composed of integrated circuits, such as a single packaged integrated circuit, or multiple integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including combinations of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips.
[0083] The solution proposed in this application enables high-precision expansion of carbon compensation across industries and regions; accurately identifies carbon emission hotspots and clarifies the responsibilities of carbon compensation entities; and establishes a scientifically sound carbon compensation benchmark at the grid scale. Compared to previous studies that could only achieve large-scale and wide-range carbon compensation, this invention enables carbon compensation at a smaller scale, making the objects of carbon compensation more precise and the benchmark clearer, thus solving the problem of coarse accuracy in previous carbon compensation methods.
[0084] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.
[0085] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A carbon compensation method based on grid scale, characterized in that, include: Acquire geospatial and socioeconomic data for the study area; wherein the geospatial data includes land use type data for at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; and the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data for at least one land use type. Based on the geospatial data and the socioeconomic data, obtain carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type; Downscaling of carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type yields grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. Spatial analysis is performed on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area; Determine the carbon compensation unit with target resolution, and obtain the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data for each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. Based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest in each carbon compensation unit, the carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit are obtained.
2. The carbon compensation method based on grid scale according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type include carbon absorption of forest land, carbon absorption of grassland, carbon emissions of construction land, and carbon absorption and emissions of cultivated land. Based on the geospatial data, obtaining the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for the at least one land use type includes: Obtain forest carbon uptake using the following methods: in, This represents the total carbon absorption of forest land. Let be the carbon absorption of the nth grid forest. The carbon absorption coefficient per unit area of forest land. Let n be the area of the nth forest land; Obtain the carbon uptake of grasslands using the following methods: in, This represents the total carbon uptake by the grassland. Let be the carbon absorption of the grassland in the m-th grid. Let m be the area of the m-th grassland. The carbon absorption coefficient per unit area of grassland; Obtain the carbon absorption of arable land in the following ways: in, The total carbon absorption of arable land. Let be the carbon absorption of the i-th crop. Let be the carbon absorption coefficient of the i-th crop for synthesizing one unit of organic matter through photosynthesis. Let be the moisture content of the i-th crop. Let i be the economic yield of the i-th crop. Let be the economic coefficient of the i-th crop; Obtain carbon emissions from arable land in the following ways: in, For arable land carbon emissions, A is fertilizer usage, D is pesticide usage, G is crop area, I is agricultural machinery power, K is irrigated area, M is agricultural film usage, B is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of fertilizer usage, F is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of pesticide usage, H is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of crop area, J is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of agricultural machinery power, L is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of irrigated area, and N is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of agricultural film usage. Obtain carbon emissions data for construction land using the following methods: in, Carbon emissions from construction land, Let i be the carbon emissions of the i-th energy type. Let i be the consumption of the i-th energy type. Let be the standard coal conversion factor for the i-th energy type. The carbon emission factor is the standard coal equivalent.
3. The carbon compensation method based on grid scale according to claim 2, characterized in that, Downscaling of carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data for at least one land use type includes: The carbon uptake of the farmland is downscaled in the following manner: in, Carbon absorption by arable land, NVDI is the regression coefficient for arable land carbon absorption, and NVDI is the vegetation cover. This is a constant value for carbon absorption by arable land; The carbon emissions from the farmland are downscaled in the following manner: in, Carbon emissions from arable land The regression coefficient for carbon emissions from arable land. This is a constant value for carbon emissions from arable land. The carbon emissions from the aforementioned construction land will be downscaled in the following manner: in, Carbon emissions from construction land, The regression coefficient for carbon emissions from construction land. DN represents the constant value of carbon emissions from construction land, and DN represents the grayscale value of nighttime lights.
4. The carbon compensation method based on grid scale according to claim 1, characterized in that, Spatial analysis is performed on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emissions in the study area, including: The spatial Moran index for carbon absorption and carbon emissions in the study area was obtained using the following method: in, The spatial Moran index represents carbon absorption and carbon emissions, where n is the number of spatial units. and For the carbon absorption and carbon emissions of grid i and grid j, This represents the average carbon absorption and carbon emissions across all grids. Let i be the spatial weight matrix of adjacent grid i and grid j; Hot and cold spot analysis is performed on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain a heat map of hot and cold distribution, and the heat value of each grid point is calculated. The relationship between carbon absorption and carbon emissions is obtained based on the standard deviation elliptic analysis method.
5. The carbon compensation method based on grid scale according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain carbon offset funding for each carbon offset unit, including: Carbon offsetting funds for carbon offsetting units can be obtained in the following ways: in, The carbon offset funds spent or received for the i-th carbon offset unit, where M is the economic benefit generated per unit of carbon dioxide emissions. Let be the net carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon absorption amount of the i-th carbon compensation unit, when This indicates that the i-th carbon compensation unit needs to pay carbon compensation funds; otherwise, the i-th carbon compensation unit receives carbon compensation funds.
6. The carbon compensation method based on grid scale according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: The carbon emission thresholds for carbon offset units are obtained in the following manner: in, Let be the carbon emission threshold for the i-th carbon offset unit, F be the economic contribution coefficient of carbon emissions, be the average carbon emissions across all grids, and X be the gross domestic product of all carbon offset units. Let Q be the gross production value of the i-th carbon offset unit, and let Q be the carbon emissions of all carbon offset units. Let be the carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit; The carbon emissions of the i-th carbon compensation unit are adjusted based on the carbon emission intensity of each carbon compensation unit: in, Let be the corrected carbon emissions of the i-th carbon offset unit. Let be the carbon emission intensity of the i-th carbon offset unit in period t1. Let be the carbon emission intensity of the i-th carbon offset unit in period t2. The total carbon emission intensity of all carbon offset units in period t1. The total carbon emission intensity of all carbon offsetting units in period t2; S230: Obtain the revised carbon offset funding based on the revised carbon emissions, carbon emission threshold, and carbon absorption of the carbon offset unit. in, This refers to the carbon compensation funds for the i-th carbon compensation unit after the correction.
7. A carbon compensation device based on a grid scale, characterized in that, The device includes: The study area data acquisition module is used to acquire geospatial data and socioeconomic data of the study area; wherein, the geospatial data includes land use type data of at least one land use type, nighttime light data, and point of interest data; the socioeconomic data includes resource consumption data of at least one land use type. A carbon emission and carbon absorption data acquisition module is used to acquire carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of at least one land use type based on the geospatial data and the socioeconomic data. The downscaling module is used to downscale the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data of the at least one land use type to obtain grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The spatial analysis module is used to perform spatial analysis on the carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data at the grid scale to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon absorption and carbon emission in the study area. The carbon compensation unit data acquisition module is used to determine the carbon compensation unit at the target resolution, and to acquire the carbon emission data, carbon absorption data and point of interest data of each carbon compensation unit based on the spatial distribution characteristics, the point of interest data and the grid-scale carbon emission data and / or carbon absorption data. The carbon compensation fund acquisition module is used to acquire carbon compensation funds for each carbon compensation unit based on the carbon emission data and carbon absorption data of each point of interest in each carbon compensation unit.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer device, characterized in that, Includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor; When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the grid-scale-based carbon compensation method as described in any one of claims 1-6.