Intelligent optimization and control method for process parameters of two-stage aerobic composting

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of organic waste treatment technology and discloses a method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process. When the compost pile is in the membrane-covered stage, the method determines a carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; multiplies the basic aeration rate by the membrane-covered section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient to determine optimized aeration control parameters, and controls the composting equipment to perform aeration operations based on these parameters. When the compost pile is in the windrow stage, the windrow stage parameters are acquired, and a windrow stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient is determined based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; optimized turning control parameters are determined based on the windrow stage parameters and the windrow stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient, and controls the composting equipment to perform turning and / or water replenishment operations based on these parameters. Thus, by introducing the membrane-covered section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient and the windrow stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient, insufficient high-temperature periods can be avoided and nitrogen loss reduced, thereby improving the quality of the compost products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic waste treatment technology, and relates to, but is not limited to, a method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of agriculture and animal husbandry, the output of organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw continues to increase. Their harmless treatment and resource utilization have become important issues for ecological environmental protection and sustainable agricultural development. Aerobic composting, as a mature organic waste treatment technology, can transform waste into high-quality organic fertilizer, turning waste into treasure. Existing technologies typically use a single-stage, uniform parameter formula, which can easily lead to insufficient high-temperature periods or severe nitrogen loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process, which can avoid insufficient high temperature and nitrogen loss, and improve the quality of compost products.

[0004] The specific technical solutions of this invention are as follows: This application provides a method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process, including: When the reactor body is in the membrane-covered stage, obtain the parameters of the membrane-covered section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results include at least first-level, second-level and third-level; When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1 or Level 2, the reactor body is judged to meet the preset switching conditions based on the membrane cover section parameters and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result. If the switching conditions are not met, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section is determined based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; the basic aeration volume is multiplied by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section to determine the aeration optimization control parameters, and the composting equipment is controlled to perform aeration operations based on the aeration optimization control parameters. If the switching conditions are met, a switching command is output to indicate that the stack should be switched from the membrane covering stage to the bar stacking stage. When the compost pile is in the windrow stage, obtain the windrow parameters and determine the windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; determine the turning optimization control parameters based on the windrow parameters and the windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient, and control the composting equipment to perform turning and / or water replenishment operations based on the turning optimization control parameters.

[0005] In some embodiments, the membrane-covered section parameters include at least the first pile temperature, the first moisture content, the odor concentration, and the pathogen mortality rate; Based on the membrane-covered section parameters and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, determine whether the reactor meets the preset switching conditions, including: Based on the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification results, the target number of days and target concentration are determined; If the number of consecutive days in which the temperature of the first pile is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the target number of days, the first moisture content is within the preset range, the odor concentration is less than or equal to the target concentration, and the pathogen mortality rate is less than or equal to the preset percentage, then the pile is determined to meet the switching conditions.

[0006] In some embodiments, the target number of days and target concentration are determined based on the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification results, including: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the number of days on the first day is determined as the target number of days, and the first concentration is determined as the target concentration. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the number of days of the first day is determined as the target number of days, and the second concentration is determined as the target concentration; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the number of days of the second day is determined as the target number of days, and the first concentration is determined as the target concentration; wherein, the number of days of the second day is greater than the number of days of the first day; and the second concentration is less than the first concentration.

[0007] In some embodiments, determining the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the membrane-covered section based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results includes: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the first correction factor is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the membrane-covered section. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then based on the first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to level two, and the first correction coefficient, a second correction coefficient is determined, and the second correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then based on the second difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to level three, and the first correction coefficient, a third correction coefficient is determined, and the third correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; wherein, the second correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the third correction coefficient.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining a second correction coefficient based on a first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and a first correction coefficient, includes: Multiply the first difference by the preset value to obtain the first product; Subtract the first correction factor from the first product to obtain the second correction factor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the third correction coefficient is determined based on a second difference between the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and a first correction coefficient, including: Multiply the second difference by the preset value to obtain the second product; Add the first correction factor to the second product to obtain the third correction factor.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the strand section based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results includes: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the first correction factor is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the bar stack section. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the fourth correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the bar stack segment; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the fifth correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the bar stack segment; wherein, the fourth correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the fifth correction coefficient.

[0011] In some embodiments, the parameters of the windrow section include at least the second pile temperature and the second moisture content, and the turning optimization control parameters include the target turning frequency and the target water replenishment parameters. Based on the parameters of the windrow section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section, the optimal control parameters for turning over are determined, including: The basic turning frequency is determined based on the temperature of the second pile. The basic turning frequency is multiplied by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section to obtain the target turning frequency. When the second moisture content is lower than the preset moisture content threshold, the target moisture content is determined as the target water replenishment parameter.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method further includes: Obtain testing data of compost products; wherein the testing data includes at least one of organic matter content, seed germination index, nitrogen loss rate, pathogen mortality rate, and heavy metal content; Based on the test data, determine whether the compost products meet the preset requirements; If the preset requirements are not met, the test data is compared with the preset standard data to obtain the data deviation. Based on the data deviation, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients of the membrane covering section and / or the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients of the strip section corresponding to the basic aeration volume and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results are corrected and updated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: If the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is three levels, a material adjustment instruction is output; the material adjustment instruction is used to indicate the adjustment of the addition ratio of carbon source or nitrogen source raw materials.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, when the compost pile is in the membrane-covered stage, the membrane-covered section parameters and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results are acquired, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results include at least Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1 or Level 2, based on the membrane-covered section parameters and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, it is determined whether the compost pile meets the preset switching conditions. If the switching conditions are not met, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section is determined based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results. The basic aeration rate is multiplied by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section to determine the aeration optimization control parameters, and the composting equipment is controlled to perform aeration operations based on the aeration optimization control parameters. If the switching conditions are met, an output is output indicating to switch the compost pile from the membrane-covered stage. The system provides instructions for switching to the windrow stage; when the compost pile is in the windrow stage, it acquires the windrow parameters and determines the windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio grading results; based on the windrow parameters and the windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient, it determines the turning optimization control parameters and controls the composting equipment to perform turning and / or water replenishment operations based on the turning optimization control parameters; thus, by introducing the film-covered stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient and the windrow stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient respectively, and dynamically adjusting the film-covered stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient and the windrow stage carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient according to different carbon-nitrogen ratio grading results, it can avoid insufficient high-temperature period and reduce nitrogen loss, thereby improving the quality of compost products. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the intelligent optimization and control method for two-stage aerobic composting process parameters provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, and third" used in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first, second, and third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0019] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which these embodiments of the invention pertain. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The method can be executed via a control device, which may include at least one of a personal computer, laptop computer, smartphone, tablet computer, and portable wearable device; however, this embodiment does not limit the specific device used.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent optimization and control method for two-stage aerobic composting process parameters provided in this embodiment of the invention may include steps S101-S105.

[0022] S101. When the reactor body is in the membrane covering stage, obtain the membrane covering section parameters and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results.

[0023] For example, the film covering stage refers to the stage in the composting process where, after the material fermentation stage and before entering the post-ripening stage, the compost pile is covered with an air-permeable film.

[0024] In some embodiments, the membrane-covered section parameters include at least the first stack temperature, first moisture content, odor concentration, and pathogen mortality rate.

[0025] For example, livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, and other materials can be mixed to obtain compost. The control device can detect the initial number of pathogens in the compost pile using pathogen detection equipment or molecular biology methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. After the compost pile enters the membrane covering stage, the number of surviving pathogens in the compost pile is detected again using pathogen detection equipment or molecular biology methods. The pathogen mortality rate can be calculated using the initial number and the number of surviving pathogens in the compost pile. After the compost pile enters the membrane covering stage, the control device can also collect the moisture content of the compost pile using a moisture meter to obtain the first moisture content; collect the carbon and nitrogen values ​​of the compost pile using an elemental analyzer to obtain the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) using the carbon and nitrogen values; collect the temperature of the compost pile using an embedded temperature sensor to obtain the first compost pile temperature; and collect the odor concentration using an odor detector.

[0026] In some embodiments, after obtaining the membrane coverage section parameters, the control device can perform classification based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio to obtain a carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result. The carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result includes at least three levels: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

[0027] For example, if C / N = 23-27:1, that is, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is between 23:1 and 27:1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result can be determined as Level 1; if C / N = 20-22:1 or C / N = 28-30:1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result can be determined as Level 2; if C / N < 20:1 or C / N > 30:1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result can be determined as Level 3.

[0028] S102. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1 or Level 2, based on the membrane cover section parameters and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result, determine whether the reactor meets the preset switching conditions.

[0029] In some embodiments, determining whether the reactor stack meets preset switching conditions based on membrane cover section parameters and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results includes: determining the target number of days and target concentration based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; if the number of consecutive days in which the first reactor stack temperature is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the target number of days, and the first moisture content is within a preset range, and the odor concentration is less than or equal to the target concentration, and the pathogen mortality rate is less than or equal to a preset percentage, then the reactor stack meets the switching conditions. If the number of consecutive days in which the first reactor stack temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold is less than the target number of days, and / or the first moisture content is not within a preset range, and / or the odor concentration is greater than the target concentration, and / or the pathogen mortality rate is greater than a preset percentage, then the reactor stack does not meet the switching conditions.

[0030] It should be noted that the temperature threshold, preset range, and preset percentage are all preset values ​​and can be set according to actual needs. For example, the temperature threshold is 55℃, the preset range is 35-45%, and the preset percentage is 98%.

[0031] In some embodiments, determining the target number of days and the target concentration based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result includes: when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, determining the number of days on the first day as the target number of days and the first concentration as the target concentration; when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 2, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining the number of days on the first day as the target number of days and the second concentration as the target concentration; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining the number of days on the second day as the target number of days and the first concentration as the target concentration; wherein the number of days on the second day is greater than the number of days on the first day; and the second concentration is less than the first concentration.

[0032] For example, suppose the first day is 7 days and the first concentration is... When the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the temperature threshold is 55℃, the target number of days is 7 days, and the target concentration is [missing information]. The preset range is 35-45%, and the preset percentage is 98%. At this point, if the first pile temperature is ≥55℃ for ≥7 consecutive days, and the first moisture content is within 35-45%, and the odor concentration... If the pathogen mortality rate is ≤98%, then the reactor body is determined to meet the switching conditions.

[0033] When the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-to-nitrogen ratio threshold (e.g., 23:1), it means that the nitrogen value of the pile is too high. In order to reduce nutrient loss, the target concentration needs to be fine-tuned to lower the target concentration. Let the second concentration be... The temperature threshold is 55℃, the target number of days is 7 days, and the target concentration is... The preset range is 35-45%, and the preset percentage is 98%. At this point, if the first pile temperature is ≥55℃ for ≥7 consecutive days, and the first moisture content is within 35-45%, and the odor concentration... If the pathogen mortality rate is ≤98%, then the reactor body is determined to meet the switching conditions.

[0034] If the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C / N ratio) classification results indicate that the C / N ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target C / N ratio threshold (e.g., 27:1), it means that the carbon value of the pile is too high. To ensure sufficient degradation, the target number of days needs to be fine-tuned to extend the target number of days. Assuming the second day is 8 days, the temperature threshold is 55℃, the target number of days is 8 days, and the target concentration is... The preset range is 35-45%, and the preset percentage is 98%. At this point, if the first pile temperature is ≥55℃ for ≥8 consecutive days, and the first moisture content is within 35-45%, and the odor concentration... If the pathogen mortality rate is ≤98%, then the reactor body is determined to meet the switching conditions.

[0035] S103. If the switching conditions are not met, determine the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; multiply the basic aeration volume by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section to determine the aeration optimization control parameters, and control the composting equipment to perform aeration operations based on the aeration optimization control parameters.

[0036] In some embodiments, the requirement during the membrane covering stage is to quickly raise the temperature of the stack to 55-70°C and maintain it, which can kill pathogens and control odors; the aeration rate varies with temperature, so it can be adjusted according to the initial stack temperature. The basic aeration rate was calculated. .

[0037] For example, the basic aeration volume The calculation formula can be .

[0038] As the pile temperature approaches 70℃, the aeration rate decreases. When the temperature exceeds 75℃, the aeration rate is adjusted to 0.30 for forced ventilation and cooling to prevent the high temperature from killing beneficial microorganisms. When the temperature is below 55℃, the aeration rate is adjusted to 0.12 to help the pile heat up quickly. However, in practical applications, different carbon-to-nitrogen ratios affect the fermentation rate of the pile. Therefore, to ensure that the pile can maintain a suitable fermentation temperature environment under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio conditions, a basic aeration rate must be determined. Then, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the membrane-covered section can be determined by combining the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results. Optimization, which can be achieved through formulas Calculated aeration optimization control parameters .

[0039] In some embodiments, determining the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result includes: when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, determining a first correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 2, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining a second correction coefficient based on a first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to Level 2, and the first correction coefficient, and determining the second correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining a third correction coefficient based on a second difference between the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to Level 3, and the first correction coefficient, and determining the third correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; wherein the second correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the third correction coefficient.

[0040] For example, the first correction factor can be 1.0, that is, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level one, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor of the membrane-covered section is 1.0.

[0041] In some embodiments, determining the second correction coefficient based on the first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and the first correction coefficient, includes: multiplying the first difference by a preset value to obtain a first product; and subtracting the first correction coefficient from the first product to obtain the second correction coefficient.

[0042] For example, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-to-nitrogen ratio threshold, it means that the nitrogen value of the pile is too high, and it is necessary to reduce ammonia volatilization and retain nutrients by reducing the aeration rate. Assuming the lower limit of the target carbon-to-nitrogen ratio threshold is 23:1, the second carbon-to-nitrogen ratio corresponding to level two is 21:1, and the preset value is 0.05, then the first difference is determined to be 2, the first product is 0.1, and the second correction coefficient is 1-0.1=0.9. Therefore, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section is 0.9.

[0043] In some embodiments, determining the third correction coefficient based on the second difference between the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and the first correction coefficient, includes: multiplying the second difference by a preset value to obtain a second product; and subtracting the first correction coefficient from the second product to obtain the third correction coefficient.

[0044] For example, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (CNR) classification result is level two, if the CNR classification result indicates that the CNR is greater than the upper limit of the target CNR threshold, it means that the carbon value of the stack is too high, and it is necessary to increase the aeration rate to accelerate the degradation of the carbon source and help the stack heat up quickly. Assuming the upper limit of the target CNR threshold is 27:1, the third CNR corresponding to level three is 28:1, and the preset value is 0.05, then the second difference is determined to be 1, the second product is 0.05, and the third correction coefficient is 1 + 0.05 = 1.05. At this time, the CNR correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section is 1.05.

[0045] Based on the above, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then for every 1 point lower in the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section decreases by a preset value; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then for every 1 point higher in the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section increases by 0.05.

[0046] S104. If the switching conditions are met, output a switching command to indicate that the stack should be switched from the membrane covering stage to the bar stacking stage.

[0047] In some embodiments, if the switching conditions are met, the control device outputs a switching command to instruct the composting equipment or personnel to switch the compost pile from the membrane-covered stage to the windrow stage in response to the switching command. The windrow stage is a stage in which compost material is piled into long, strip-shaped stacks for aerobic fermentation. Unlike the membrane-covered stage, the windrow stage does not have a membrane covering; the pile is in direct contact with the air, and oxygen supply is ensured through periodic turning.

[0048] S105. When the compost pile is in the windrow section stage, obtain the windrow section parameters and determine the windrow section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; determine the turning optimization control parameters based on the windrow section parameters and the windrow section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient, and control the composting equipment to perform turning and / or water replenishment operations based on the turning optimization control parameters.

[0049] In some embodiments, the parameters of the bar stack include at least the second stack temperature and the second moisture content.

[0050] For example, when the stack is in the bar stack stage, the control device can collect the moisture content of the stack by a moisture content meter to obtain a second moisture content; and collect the temperature of the stack by an embedded temperature sensor to obtain a second stack temperature.

[0051] In some embodiments, the turning optimization control parameters include a target turning frequency and a target water replenishment parameter. The target turning frequency refers to the number of times the pile needs to be turned during the windrowing stage, and the target water replenishment parameter refers to the amount of water that needs to be replenished during the windrowing stage.

[0052] In some embodiments, determining the turnover optimization control parameters based on the windrow section parameters and the windrow section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient includes: determining the basic turnover frequency based on the second pile temperature, multiplying the basic turnover frequency by the windrow section carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient to obtain the target turnover frequency, and determining the target moisture content as the target water replenishment parameter when the second moisture content is lower than the preset moisture content threshold.

[0053] During the windrowing stage, the pile is in direct contact with the air, resulting in a relatively sufficient oxygen supply, but moisture loss is rapid. Therefore, turning the pile is necessary to ensure uniform oxygen distribution, and water replenishment is required to maintain the appropriate moisture content. The goal of the windrowing stage is to allow the pile to decompose slowly while minimizing nitrogen loss and improving fertilizer quality. Since different moisture contents will affect the dryness and humidity of the pile, thus impacting decomposition, a target moisture content (e.g., 35%) can be set as the target water replenishment parameter if the second moisture content is lower than the preset moisture content threshold (e.g., 30%).

[0054] In addition, in practical applications, a certain frequency of turning is required to replenish oxygen, mix materials, and prevent anaerobic digestion, thereby ensuring uniform composting. The turning frequency varies depending on the pile temperature, and the turning process accelerates ammonia volatilization, leading to nitrogen nutrient loss. To ensure uniform composting while minimizing nitrogen loss, the turning frequency can be adjusted based on the temperature of the second pile. Determine the basic turning frequency Among them, the basic turning frequency The calculation formula can be Then the basic heap turning frequency will be... Correction factor for carbon-nitrogen ratio of bar stacking section Multiply to obtain the target heap flipping frequency. Target heap turning frequency The calculation formula is .

[0055] In some embodiments, determining the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the strip stack based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result includes: when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, determining a first correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the strip stack; when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 2, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining a fourth correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the strip stack; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then determining a fifth correction coefficient as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the strip stack; wherein, the fourth correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the fifth correction coefficient.

[0056] For example, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the windrow section is 1.0 (i.e., the first correction factor). When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 2, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, it means that the nitrogen value of the pile is too high, and the turning frequency needs to be reduced to reduce nitrogen volatilization during turning; in this case, a fourth correction factor (e.g., 0.9) less than the first correction factor can be determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the windrow section. If the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, it means that the carbon value of the pile is too high, and the turning frequency needs to be increased to help the carbon source fully degrade and avoid incomplete decomposition; a fifth correction factor (e.g., 1.1) greater than the first correction factor can be determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the windrow section.

[0057] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, a carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient is introduced for the membrane covering stage and the windrow stage, respectively. The carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients for the membrane covering stage and the windrow stage are dynamically adjusted according to different carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, which can avoid insufficient high-temperature period and reduce nitrogen loss, thereby improving the quality of compost products.

[0058] In some embodiments, the method provided in this application further includes: acquiring detection data of compost products; comparing the detection data with preset standard data to obtain data deviation, and determining whether the compost products meet preset requirements based on the data deviation; if the preset requirements are not met, then correcting and updating the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients of the membrane-covered section and / or the windrow section corresponding to the basic aeration rate and carbon-nitrogen ratio grading results based on the data deviation; wherein the detection data includes at least one of organic matter content, seed germination index, nitrogen loss rate, pathogen mortality rate, and heavy metal content.

[0059] For example, after obtaining the compost product, it can be sampled and tested to obtain the organic matter content, seed germination index, nitrogen loss rate, pathogen mortality rate, and heavy metal content. Based on the above test data, it can be determined whether the compost product meets the preset requirements. The preset requirements can be set based on actual needs, such as an organic matter content of not less than 30%, a seed germination index of not less than 70%, a nitrogen loss rate of not more than 18%, a pathogen mortality rate of not less than 95%, and heavy metal content meeting the limits in the "Technical Specification for Livestock and Poultry Manure Composting" (NY / T3442-2019). If the preset requirements are not met, the above test data are compared with the preset standard data to obtain the deviation of each data item. For example, if the preset organic matter content standard is 40%, and the actual measured organic matter content is 35%, the data deviation of the organic matter content is 5%; if the preset seed germination index standard is 80%, and the actual measured value is 70%, the data deviation of the seed germination index is 10%. Based on the aforementioned data discrepancies, the causes of these discrepancies were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients for the membrane-covered section and / or the windrow section corresponding to the carbon-nitrogen ratio grading results were corrected and updated. For example, if the seed germination index is low, it may be because the aeration rate in the membrane-covered section is low, leading to insufficient carbon source degradation. Therefore, the basic aeration rate can be adjusted. The constant in the calculation formula was increased from 0.15 to 0.16. If the organic matter content deviates significantly, it may be due to insufficient carbon source replenishment or excessive degradation during composting. Therefore, the basic aeration rate can be increased. The constant in the calculation formula is reduced from 0.15 to 0.14, and the correction factor for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the membrane-covered section corresponding to the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is also reduced. If the nitrogen loss rate is too high, it may be due to improper turning frequency or an unsuitable carbon-nitrogen ratio. Therefore, the correction factor for the windrow section corresponding to the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result can be reduced to decrease the turning frequency and reduce nitrogen volatilization.

[0060] Understandably, by comparing and analyzing the test data of compost products with the preset standard data, and dynamically adjusting the basic aeration rate and carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient (such as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section) according to the data deviation, a closed-loop feedback control mechanism can be formed, enabling better control of parameters in the subsequent composting process and further improving the quality of compost products.

[0061] In some embodiments, the method provided in this application further includes: when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is three levels, outputting a material adjustment instruction; wherein the material adjustment instruction is used to indicate the adjustment of the addition ratio of carbon source or nitrogen source raw materials.

[0062] When the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C / N) classification result is level three, it indicates a deviation in the C / N density. In this case, the control device outputs a material adjustment command. The material adjustment command is used to indicate adjustments to the addition ratio of carbon or nitrogen source materials. For example, if C / N < 20:1, it means the pile's nitrogen content is severely high. In this case, the material adjustment command indicates the addition of carbon source materials, such as more straw or sawdust. If C / N > 30:1, it means the pile's carbon content is severely high. In this case, the material adjustment command indicates the addition of nitrogen source materials, such as more livestock manure.

[0063] Understandably, by issuing a material adjustment command when the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level three, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the composting raw materials can be adjusted in a timely manner, avoiding the impact of severe imbalance in the carbon-nitrogen ratio on the composting effect, ensuring the smooth progress of the composting process and improving the quality of the compost products.

[0064] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the invention, the sequence numbers of the above-described processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the invention. The sequence numbers of the above-described embodiments of the invention are merely descriptive and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0066] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed methods can be implemented in other ways. The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided by this invention can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments. The features disclosed in the several method embodiments provided by this invention can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0067] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent optimization and control of parameters in a two-stage aerobic composting process, characterized in that, include: When the reactor body is in the membrane covering stage, obtain the parameters of the membrane covering section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results; The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification results should include at least three levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1 or Level 2, the reactor body is judged to meet the preset switching conditions based on the membrane cover section parameters and the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result. If the switching conditions are not met, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section is determined based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results. The aeration rate is multiplied by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the membrane-covered section to determine the optimal aeration control parameters, and the composting equipment is controlled to perform aeration operations based on the optimal aeration control parameters. If the switching conditions are met, a switching command is output to indicate that the stack should be switched from the membrane covering stage to the bar stacking stage. When the stack body is in the windrow section stage, the windrow section parameters are obtained, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section is determined based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results. Based on the parameters of the windrow section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section, the optimal control parameters for turning the compost are determined, and the composting equipment is controlled to perform turning and / or watering operations based on the optimal control parameters for turning the compost.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters for the membrane-covered section include at least the temperature of the first pile, the first moisture content, the odor concentration, and the pathogen mortality rate; Based on the membrane-covered section parameters and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, determine whether the reactor meets the preset switching conditions, including: Based on the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification results, the target number of days and target concentration are determined; If the number of consecutive days in which the temperature of the first pile is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the target number of days, the first moisture content is within the preset range, the odor concentration is less than or equal to the target concentration, and the pathogen mortality rate is less than or equal to the preset percentage, then the pile is determined to meet the switching conditions.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio classification results, the target number of days and target concentration are determined, including: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the number of days on the first day is determined as the target number of days, and the first concentration is determined as the target concentration. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the number of days of the first day is determined as the target number of days, and the second concentration is determined as the target concentration; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the number of days of the second day is determined as the target number of days, and the first concentration is determined as the target concentration; wherein, the number of days of the second day is greater than the number of days of the first day; and the second concentration is less than the first concentration.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the membrane-covered section is determined, including: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the first correction factor is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the membrane-covered section. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then based on the first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to level two, and the first correction coefficient, a second correction coefficient is determined, and the second correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then based on the second difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to level three, and the first correction coefficient, a third correction coefficient is determined, and the third correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the membrane-covered section; wherein, the second correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the third correction coefficient.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the first difference between the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the second carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and the first correction coefficient, the second correction coefficient is determined, including: Multiply the first difference by the preset value to obtain the first product; Subtract the first correction factor from the first product to obtain the second correction factor.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the second difference between the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold and the third carbon-nitrogen ratio corresponding to the second level, and the first correction coefficient, the third correction coefficient is determined, including: Multiply the second difference by the preset value to obtain the second product; Add the first correction factor to the second product to obtain the third correction factor.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the strand section is determined, including: When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is Level 1, the first correction factor is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction factor for the bar stack section. When the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is level two, if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than the lower limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the fourth correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the bar stack segment; if the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result indicates that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the upper limit of the target carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold, then the fifth correction coefficient is determined as the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient for the bar stack segment; wherein, the fourth correction coefficient is less than the first correction coefficient, and the first correction coefficient is less than the fifth correction coefficient.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The parameters for the windrow section include at least the second pile temperature and the second moisture content, and the optimization control parameters for turning the pile include the target turning frequency and the target water replenishment parameters. Based on the parameters of the windrow section and the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section, the optimal control parameters for turning over are determined, including: The basic turning frequency is determined based on the temperature of the second pile. The basic turning frequency is multiplied by the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficient of the windrow section to obtain the target turning frequency. When the second moisture content is lower than the preset moisture content threshold, the target moisture content is determined as the target water replenishment parameter.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain testing data of compost products; wherein the testing data includes at least one of organic matter content, seed germination index, nitrogen loss rate, pathogen mortality rate, and heavy metal content; Based on the test data, determine whether the compost products meet the preset requirements; If the preset requirements are not met, the test data is compared with the preset standard data to obtain the data deviation. Based on the data deviation, the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients of the membrane covering section and / or the carbon-nitrogen ratio correction coefficients of the strip section corresponding to the basic aeration volume and carbon-nitrogen ratio classification results are corrected and updated.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes: If the carbon-nitrogen ratio classification result is three levels, a material adjustment instruction is output; the material adjustment instruction is used to indicate the adjustment of the addition ratio of carbon source or nitrogen source raw materials.

Images