An energy-saving system for oxygen-enriched incineration of municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste incineration system technology, specifically to an energy-saving oxygen-enriched incineration system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas. The system includes an incinerator, a secondary combustion section, and an exhaust pipe connected in sequence. The incinerator contains a primary combustion chamber with a first combustion grate. An air supply section is located on the side of the incinerator, containing a mixing chamber. The air supply section is equipped with oxygen supply equipment and a blower connected to the mixing chamber. A horizontal air pipe connected to the mixing chamber is horizontally arranged within the primary combustion chamber. Several vertical air pipes are vertically arranged above the horizontal air pipes, with their upper ends positioned above the first combustion grate. Several short exhaust pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical air pipes, with the exhaust pipes angled downwards from one end connected to the vertical air pipe to the other. This invention addresses the problem in existing technologies where increased energy consumption during the incineration of municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas is easily caused by factors such as oxygen content and temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste incineration system technology, specifically to an energy-saving oxygen-enriched incineration system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards in my country, the amount of domestic waste generated continues to increase. In plateau regions, due to their special geographical and climatic conditions, the treatment of domestic waste faces more severe challenges than in plains areas.

[0003] The most prominent characteristics of the high-altitude environment are low air pressure and low oxygen concentration. As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases, air density decreases, and the oxygen content per unit volume of air drops significantly. For example, at an altitude of 3000 meters, atmospheric pressure is about 70% of that at sea level, while oxygen concentration drops to about 73% of that at sea level; at an altitude of 4500 meters, oxygen concentration may be less than half that at sea level. This low-oxygen environment has a serious negative impact on waste incineration technologies that rely on air combustion.

[0004] Low combustion efficiency: Oxygen is essential for combustion. The thin oxygen levels in high-altitude environments lead to incomplete and unstable combustion of municipal solid waste in incinerators. Combustible gases (such as CO, H2, and CH4) produced by waste pyrolysis and fixed carbon in solid residues have difficulty reacting with sufficient oxygen, resulting in lower furnace temperatures and a significant decrease in combustion efficiency. This not only reduces waste processing capacity but may also lead to an increase in the formation of harmful substances such as dioxins.

[0005] Furnace temperature is difficult to maintain: Incomplete combustion directly leads to the furnace temperature failing to reach the design requirements (usually it needs to be maintained above 850°C for a certain period of time to ensure complete combustion and decomposition of harmful substances). Low-temperature combustion is not only inefficient, but also prone to coking and blockage in the furnace, affecting the normal operation of the system, while increasing the amount of fly ash and unburned residue.

[0006] Increased energy consumption: To compensate for insufficient oxygen and maintain furnace temperature, traditional high-altitude waste incineration often requires large amounts of air (natural air) to be blown in. However, this results in a large influx of low-temperature air into the furnace, which in turn lowers the furnace temperature, creating a vicious cycle. Simultaneously, excessive airflow significantly increases the load on the induced draft fan, leading to a sharp rise in overall system energy consumption. Furthermore, the low air density in high-altitude areas requires greater power from fans and other equipment to overcome system resistance at the same airflow rate, further increasing operational energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving oxygen-enriched incineration system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas, which solves the problem in the prior art where energy consumption increases during the incineration of municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas due to factors such as oxygen content and temperature.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An energy-saving oxygen-enriched incineration system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas includes an incinerator, a secondary combustion section, and an exhaust pipe connected in sequence. The incinerator has a primary combustion chamber, a first combustion grate horizontally arranged within the primary combustion chamber, and a first ignition assembly. An air supply section is located on the side of the incinerator, and a mixing chamber is located within the air supply section. An oxygen supply device and a blower connected to the mixing chamber are installed on the air supply section. A horizontal air pipe connected to the mixing chamber is horizontally arranged within the primary combustion chamber. Several vertical air pipes are vertically arranged above the horizontal air pipes, with the upper ends of the vertical air pipes positioned above the first combustion grate. Several short exhaust pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical air pipes, with the exhaust pipes inclined downwards from one end connected to the vertical air pipe to the other end.

[0010] A further technical solution is that a second combustion grate is horizontally arranged below the first combustion grate, a horizontal gas pipe is placed below the second combustion grate, and an ash discharge port connected to the primary combustion chamber and a valve for closing the ash discharge port are provided on the lower side of the incinerator.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a secondary combustion chamber is provided in the secondary combustion section, the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the upper part of the primary combustion chamber, the exhaust pipe is connected to the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber, the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a gas supply pipe connected to the mixing chamber, and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a second ignition assembly.

[0012] A further technical solution is to install a heating water tank inside the secondary combustion chamber, with an inlet pipe at the bottom of the heating water tank, and a heat exchange coil installed along the length of the exhaust pipe. One end of the heat exchange coil is connected to the heating water tank, and the other end is connected to an insulated water pipe, which is connected to the insulated water tank.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a support rail is horizontally arranged below the first combustion grate, and a cleaning rod is horizontally arranged above the support rail. The lower side of the cleaning rod is slidably connected to the support rail through several sliders, and several slag-removing rods are vertically arranged above the cleaning rod. The upper end of the cleaning rod passes through the mesh of the first combustion grate, and one end of the cleaning rod is placed outside the incinerator through the first sliding hole.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a control block is provided on the outer wall of the incinerator at the position of the first sliding hole, and an adjustment cavity is provided inside the control block. One end of the cleaning rod, which is located outside the incinerator, is placed inside the adjustment cavity. A second sliding hole, which runs through the inside and outside, is provided on the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity on the side away from the first sliding hole. A baffle is provided on the end of the cleaning rod, which is located inside the adjustment cavity. An operating rod, which is coaxial with the cleaning rod, is provided on the end of the baffle, which is located away from the cleaning rod. The end of the operating rod, which is located away from the baffle, is placed outside the control part through the second sliding hole. A spring is sleeved on the operating rod inside the adjustment cavity. One end of the spring abuts against the baffle, and the other end abuts against the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity.

[0015] A further technical solution is to have a hammer plate at one end of the operating lever outside the control block, and an electric hammer for striking the hammer plate is installed on the upper side of the control block.

[0016] A further technical solution is that an ash baffle is inclinedly installed on the upper side of the first sliding hole in the primary incineration chamber.

[0017] A further technical solution is to install support legs at the bottom of the incinerator.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting up an oxygen supply device and a blower in combination, the oxygen content can be increased when air is supplied to the primary combustion chamber through the air supply section. While reducing the amount of air supplied, the oxygen demand required for combustion can be met. This can prevent a large amount of cold air from entering the primary combustion chamber and lowering the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber, thus affecting the combustion effect; 2. By setting up horizontal air pipes, vertical air pipes and short exhaust pipes in combination, oxygen-rich air can be evenly introduced into the primary combustion chamber, improving the combustion effect; 3. The downward-sloping short exhaust pipe can prevent garbage from entering the short exhaust pipe and blocking it. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side view of an energy-saving system for oxygen-enriched incineration of municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas, according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of an oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas, as described in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 3 This is an internal schematic diagram of an oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas, as described in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the area marked A in the middle.

[0023] Icons: 1-Incinerator, 2-Secondary Combustion Section, 3-Exhaust Pipe, 4-Primary Combustion Chamber, 5-First Combustion Grate, 6-Gas Supply Section, 7-Mixing Chamber, 8-Oxygen Supply Equipment, 9-Blower, 10-Horizontal Gas Pipe, 11-Vertical Gas Pipe, 12-Short Gas Outlet Pipe, 13-Second Combustion Grate, 14-Secondary Combustion Chamber, 15-Gas Supply Pipe, 16-Second Ignition Assembly, 17-Heating Water Tank, 18-Water Inlet Pipe, 19-Heat Exchange Coil, 20-Insulated Water Pipe, 21-Support Rail, 22-Cleaning Rod, 23-Slider, 24-Slag Removal Rod, 25-Control Block, 26-Adjustment Chamber, 27-First Sliding Hole, 28-Second Sliding Hole, 29-Baffle, 30-Operating Rod, 31-Spring, 32-Hammer Plate, 33-Electric Hammer, 34-Support Foot, 35-Ash Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] Figures 1 to 4 The image shows an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] An energy-saving oxygen-enriched incineration system for municipal solid waste in high-altitude areas includes an incinerator 1, a secondary combustion section 2, and an exhaust pipe 3 connected in sequence. The incinerator 1 is provided with a primary combustion chamber 4, a first combustion grate 5 horizontally arranged in the primary combustion chamber 4, and a first ignition assembly. An air supply section 6 is provided on the side of the incinerator 1, a mixing chamber 7 is provided in the air supply section 6, and an oxygen supply device 8 and a blower 9 connected to the mixing chamber 7 are provided on the air supply section 6. A horizontal air pipe 10 connected to the mixing chamber 7 is horizontally arranged in the primary combustion chamber 4. Several vertical air pipes 11 are vertically arranged on the upper side of the horizontal air pipe 10. The upper end of the vertical air pipe 11 is positioned above the first combustion grate 5. Several short exhaust pipes 12 are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical air pipe 11. The short exhaust pipes 12 are inclined downward from one end connected to the vertical air pipe 11 to the other end. By coordinating the oxygen supply device 8 and the blower 9, the oxygen content can be increased when air is supplied to the primary combustion chamber 4 through the air supply section 6. This reduces the amount of air supplied while still meeting the oxygen requirements for combustion. This prevents a large amount of cold air from entering the primary combustion chamber 4, lowering its temperature and affecting combustion efficiency. The combination of horizontal air pipes 10, vertical air pipes 11, and short exhaust pipes 12 ensures that oxygen-rich air enters the primary combustion chamber 4 evenly, improving combustion efficiency. The downward-sloping exhaust pipes 12 prevent waste from entering and clogging them.

[0028] A second combustion grate 13 is horizontally arranged below the first combustion grate 5. A horizontal gas pipe 10 is positioned below the second combustion grate 13. The lower side of the incinerator 1 has an ash discharge port connected to the primary combustion chamber 4 and a valve for closing the ash discharge port. By providing the second combustion grate 13, combustion can continue using the incompletely burned residue falling from the first combustion grate 5. The ash discharge port and valve allow for the removal of the burned ash.

[0029] The secondary combustion section 2 is equipped with a secondary combustion chamber 14. The lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 14 is connected to the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 4. The exhaust pipe 3 is connected to the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 14. A gas supply pipe 15 connected to the mixing chamber 7 is provided at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 14. A second ignition assembly 16 is provided at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 14. By setting up the secondary combustion chamber 14, when combustible gas is not fully combusted in the primary combustion chamber 4, it can enter the secondary combustion chamber 14 for re-combustion, achieving complete combustion and reducing pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0030] A heating water tank 17 is installed inside the secondary combustion chamber 14. An inlet pipe 18 is installed at the lower part of the heating water tank 17. A heat exchange coil 19 is installed along the length of the exhaust pipe 3. One end of the heat exchange coil 19 is connected to the heating water tank 17, and the other end is connected to an insulated water pipe 20, which is connected to the insulated water tank. By installing the heating water tank 17, heat from the secondary combustion chamber 14 can be absorbed and recovered, avoiding heat waste. The heat exchange coil 19 in the exhaust pipe 3 further absorbs heat from the flue gas, improving the efficiency of heat recovery. The insulated water tank allows the heated water to be stored for use as domestic or process water.

[0031] A horizontal support rail 21 is installed below the first combustion grate 5, and a cleaning rod 22 is installed horizontally above the support rail 21. The lower side of the cleaning rod 22 is slidably connected to the support rail 21 via several sliders 23. Several slag-removing rods 24 are vertically installed above the cleaning rod 22. The upper end of the cleaning rod 22 passes through the mesh of the first combustion grate 5, and one end of the cleaning rod 22 is placed outside the incinerator 1 through a first sliding hole 27. To prevent the accumulation of ash and slag on the first combustion grate 5, the cleaning rod 22 and the slag-removing rods 24 are designed to work together. The cleaning rod 22 drives the slag-removing rods 24 to move, assisting the ash and slag to fall from the first combustion grate 5 onto the second combustion grate 13, which is conducive to the continuous and efficient combustion of waste. When cleaning is required, the cleaning rod 22 is driven to reciprocate on the support rail 21 to perform cleaning. The support rail 21 has a triangular cross-section with the sharp end facing upwards, thus preventing the accumulation of fallen residue on the support rail 21.

[0032] A control block 25 is provided on the outer wall of the incinerator 1 at the position of the first sliding hole 27. An adjustment cavity 26 is provided inside the control block 25. One end of the cleaning rod 22, located outside the incinerator 1, is placed inside the adjustment cavity 26. A second sliding hole 28, penetrating the inside and outside, is provided on the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 26 on the side away from the first sliding hole 27. A baffle 29 is provided on the end of the cleaning rod 22 located inside the adjustment cavity 26. An operating rod 30, coaxial with the cleaning rod 22, is provided on the end of the baffle 29 away from the cleaning rod 22. The end of the operating rod 30, away from the baffle 29, is located outside the control section through the second sliding hole 28. A spring 31 is fitted inside the adjustment cavity 26 on the operating rod 30. One end of the spring 31 abuts against the baffle 29, and the other end abuts against the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 26. By setting up the control block 25 and the adjustment cavity 26, when cleaning is required, striking the end of the operating rod 30 outside the control block 25, with the help of the spring 31, allows the cleaning rod 22 to reciprocate, thereby achieving the cleaning effect.

[0033] A hammer plate 32 is provided at one end of the operating lever 30 outside the control block 25, and an electric hammer 33 for hammering the hammer plate 32 is installed on the upper side of the control block 25. By setting the electric hammer 33, the hammer plate 32 can be hammered at regular or irregular intervals. After hammering, the electric cleaning rod 22 will reciprocate with the help of the spring 31 to achieve the cleaning and unblocking effect.

[0034] An ash baffle 35 is inclinedly installed on the upper side of the first sliding hole 27 in the primary incineration chamber 4. By installing the ash baffle 35, it is possible to prevent ash from falling into the first sliding hole 27 and affecting the sliding of the incinerator.

[0035] The bottom of the incinerator 1 is equipped with support feet 34.

[0036] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system, characterized in that, The incinerator includes an incinerator (1), a secondary combustion section (2), and a flue pipe (3) connected in sequence. The incinerator (1) has a primary combustion chamber (4), a first combustion grate (5) horizontally arranged within the primary combustion chamber (4), and a first ignition assembly within the primary combustion chamber (4). A gas supply section (6) is located on the side of the incinerator (1), and a mixing chamber (7) is located within the gas supply section (6). An oxygen supply device (8) connected to the mixing chamber (7) is installed on the gas supply section (6). The primary combustion chamber (4) is equipped with a horizontal gas pipe (10) that is connected to the mixing chamber (7). Several vertical gas pipes (11) are vertically arranged on the upper side of the horizontal gas pipe (10). The upper end of the vertical gas pipe (11) is placed above the first combustion grate (5). Several short gas outlet pipes (12) are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical gas pipe (11). The short gas outlet pipes (12) are inclined downward from one end connected to the vertical gas pipe (11) to the other end.

2. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second combustion grate (13) is horizontally arranged below the first combustion grate (5), and the horizontal gas pipe (10) is placed below the second combustion grate (13). The incinerator (1) is provided with an ash discharge port connected to the primary combustion chamber (4) and a valve for closing the ash discharge port on the lower side.

3. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary combustion section (2) is provided with a secondary combustion chamber (14). The lower part of the secondary combustion chamber (14) is connected to the upper part of the primary combustion chamber (4). The exhaust pipe (3) is connected to the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber (14). The bottom of the secondary combustion chamber (14) is provided with a gas supply pipe (15) connected to the mixing chamber (7). The bottom of the secondary combustion chamber (14) is provided with a second ignition assembly (16).

4. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating water tank (17) is provided inside the secondary combustion chamber (14). A water inlet pipe (18) is provided at the lower part of the heating water tank (17). A heat exchange coil (19) is provided along the length of the flue pipe (3). One end of the heat exchange coil (19) is connected to the heating water tank (17), and the other end is connected to an insulated water pipe (20). The insulated water pipe (20) is connected to the insulated water tank.

5. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rail (21) is horizontally arranged below the first combustion grate (5), and a cleaning rod (22) is horizontally arranged above the support rail (21). The lower side of the cleaning rod (22) is slidably connected to the support rail (21) through several sliders (23). Several slag cleaning rods (24) are vertically arranged on the upper side of the cleaning rod (22). The upper end of the cleaning rod (22) passes through the mesh of the first combustion grate (5), and one end of the cleaning rod (22) is placed outside the incinerator (1) through the first sliding hole (27).

6. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A control block (25) is provided on the outer wall of the incinerator (1) at the position of the first sliding hole (27). An adjustment cavity (26) is provided inside the control block (25). One end of the cleaning rod (22) placed outside the incinerator (1) is placed inside the adjustment cavity (26). A second sliding hole (28) is provided on the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity (26) away from the first sliding hole (27). A baffle (29) is provided on one end of the cleaning rod (22) placed inside the adjustment cavity (26). An operating rod (30) coaxial with the cleaning rod (22) is provided on the end of the baffle (29) away from the cleaning rod (22). The end of the operating rod (30) away from the baffle (29) is placed outside the control part through the second sliding hole (28). A spring (31) is sleeved in the adjustment cavity (26) of the operating rod (30). One end of the spring (31) abuts against the baffle (29), and the other end abuts against the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity (26).

7. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operating lever (30) is provided with a hammer plate (32) at one end outside the control block (25), and an electric hammer (33) for hammering the hammer plate (32) is installed on the upper side of the control block (25).

8. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary incineration chamber (4) is provided with an ash baffle (35) at an angle above the first sliding hole (27).

9. The high-altitude municipal solid waste oxygen-enriched incineration energy-saving system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the incinerator (1) is provided with support feet (34).

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