Deacidifying and denitration tail gas ammonia catalytic treatment device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of deacidification and denitration tail gas treatment, and discloses a deacidification and denitration tail gas ammonia catalytic treatment device, which comprises a treatment box and a base supporting the treatment box, a rotating air distribution assembly for dynamically adjusting the air distribution range and a regenerated filter element assembly for partitioned catalytic filtration of the tail gas are sequentially arranged in the treatment box along the airflow direction; an auxiliary air inlet assembly is arranged outside the treatment box, and the auxiliary air inlet assembly is connected with the treatment box through an air path pipeline and a mechanical transmission structure. The rotating air distribution mechanism with variable diameter is arranged, the device can adjust the rotating speed according to the size of the tail gas flow, and then the spatial distribution of the air outlet hole is changed, the air is concentrated to prevent airflow dispersion at low flow, and the air distribution range is expanded to eliminate the edge dead angle at high flow, so that the ammonia gas can always match the tail gas flow field, and the problems of local ammonia escape exceeding the standard and denitration efficiency decreasing caused by uneven mixing in variable load production are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deacidification and denitrification tail gas treatment technology, specifically a deacidification and denitrification tail gas ammonia catalytic treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent environmental standards, the control of nitrogen oxides and acidic gases in industrial exhaust gases has become a major concern. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology is currently the mainstream denitrification process, utilizing ammonia as a reducing agent to convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water. However, existing denitrification and acid removal devices have the following limitations in practical applications:

[0003] First, the uniformity of ammonia-exhaust gas mixing is difficult to adapt to fluctuations in operating conditions. Existing systems typically use fixed-structure spray grilles or nozzles, whose nozzle diameter and coverage area cannot be changed once determined. When industrial production load changes cause fluctuations in exhaust gas flow, fixed nozzles cannot adjust the gas distribution range. At lower flow rates, the airflow penetration is insufficient, failing to reach the center of the flue; at higher flow rates, the spray coverage is insufficient, and escape dead zones easily form at the edges. This gas supply method leads to uneven ammonia-nitrogen mixing, reducing denitrification efficiency and increasing the risk of ammonia escape.

[0004] Secondly, the problem of dust accumulation and clogging on the catalyst surface is difficult to handle. The exhaust gas often contains ammonium bisulfate produced in the reaction; this substance is highly adhesive and easily adsorbs dust, clogging the catalyst micropores. Traditional maintenance methods require offline cleaning after shutdown, leading to production interruptions. Although some units employ online mechanical rapping technology, the rigid mechanical impact directly acts on the brittle ceramic catalyst support, easily causing catalyst breakage or structural damage, shortening the equipment's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas, comprising a treatment box and a base supporting the treatment box, wherein a rotating gas distribution component for dynamically adjusting the gas distribution range and a regenerated filter element component for performing zoned catalytic filtration of the tail gas are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction inside the treatment box.

[0007] An auxiliary air intake assembly is provided on the outside of the processing box. The auxiliary air intake assembly is coupled to the regeneration filter element assembly and the outer wall of the processing box through air passage pipes and mechanical transmission structure, respectively.

[0008] The rotating air distribution assembly is designed to utilize the centrifugal force generated by rotation to change the radial distribution position of the air outlets within the treatment chamber, thereby achieving adaptive matching between the exhaust gas flow rate and the air distribution area.

[0009] The regenerated filter element assembly is configured to achieve online filtration and maintenance without shutting down the system by intermittently rotating and switching between the working station and the regeneration station;

[0010] The auxiliary air intake assembly is configured to convert the kinetic energy of the input high-pressure hot airflow into mechanical vibration energy to strike the processing box, and to introduce the waste heat of the hot airflow after the work is done into the regeneration station of the regeneration filter assembly for pyrolysis purging.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the rotating air distribution assembly includes a hollow spray bar that is vertically and rotatably installed at the bottom of the processing box. The bottom end of the hollow spray bar is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, and its outer wall is provided with multiple layers of fixed square tubes spaced apart along the axial direction.

[0012] A movable square tube is slidably sleeved inside the fixed square tube. The movable square tube is connected to the interior of the hollow spray bar, and a limit spring is connected between the movable square tube and the fixed square tube. Several air outlet holes are opened on the movable square tube.

[0013] The bottom of the processing box is equipped with a second motor that drives the hollow spray bar to rotate. When the hollow spray bar rotates, the movable square tube is configured to extend outward against the resistance of the limiting spring.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the top end of the hollow spray bar is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the processing box by a locking frame, the output end of the second motor is provided with a drive gear, the bottom of the hollow spray bar is fixedly sleeved with a driven gear ring that meshes with the drive gear, and the fixed square tubes are distributed in a cross pattern between adjacent layers.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the regenerated filter element assembly includes a fixed frame fixedly installed on the inner wall of the processing box, a rotating drum frame rotatably installed in the fixed frame via bearings, and a plurality of filter elements installed in a circular array in the rotating drum frame;

[0016] A frame is installed on the top of the processing box. A motor and a cam divider are installed inside the frame. The output shaft of the cam divider passes through the centralized exhaust pipe at the top of the processing box and is keyed to the drive shaft at the center of the drum frame.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a regeneration area for isolating the filter element is provided on one side of the fixing frame, and the regeneration area is enclosed by blind plates fixed at the upper and lower ends of the fixing frame;

[0018] The upper blind plate is provided with a hot air inlet and connected to a hot air regeneration pipe, and the lower blind plate is provided with a dust collection box at the corresponding position. The bottom of the dust collection box is connected to a dust discharge pipe extending to the outside of the processing box.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the filter element adopts a multi-layer composite structure, including a honeycomb ceramic catalyst module located in the center, an expanded rock wool pad wrapped around the honeycomb ceramic catalyst module, and an outermost metal shell. The expanded rock wool pad is configured to generate elastic deformation when receiving external mechanical vibration to perform flexible extrusion cleaning of the honeycomb ceramic catalyst module.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the auxiliary air intake assembly includes a power box, a main shaft is rotatably mounted inside the power box, and an impeller located in the airflow channel is fixed on the main shaft;

[0021] The power box has a hot air inlet pipe at the air inlet end and a hot air outlet pipe at the air outlet end. The hot air inlet pipe is used to introduce high-pressure hot air to drive the impeller to rotate.

[0022] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the two ends of the main shaft extend to the outside of the power box and are connected to a first swing arm. The end of the first swing arm is hinged to a second swing arm. A guide shaft is connected between the two second swing arms. A guide frame is provided on the outside of the power box. The guide shaft is slidably restricted within the guide frame and performs reciprocating linear motion.

[0023] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a hammer plate is fixed on the side of the guide shaft facing the processing box. The hammer plate is configured to periodically strike the outer wall of the processing box under the rotation drive of the main shaft to generate vibration waves transmitted to the regenerated filter assembly.

[0024] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the end of the hot gas output pipe is connected to the hot air regeneration pipe of the regeneration filter element assembly, so as to introduce the depressurized hot gas flow after driving the impeller to do work into the regeneration station.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention features a variable-diameter rotating gas distribution mechanism. The device can adjust the rotation speed according to the exhaust gas flow rate, thereby changing the spatial distribution of the gas outlet. At low flow rates, the gas is concentrated to prevent airflow dispersion, while at high flow rates, the gas distribution range is expanded to eliminate edge dead zones. This mechanism ensures that the ammonia gas can always match the exhaust gas velocity field, effectively solving the problems of local ammonia escape exceeding the standard and denitrification efficiency reduction caused by uneven mixing in variable load production.

[0027] 2. By setting up partition isolation and drum switching, the present invention divides the filter element group into working area and regeneration area. The device can perform independent cleaning and maintenance of some filter elements while treating exhaust gas. This online rotation mechanism eliminates the time cost of traditional equipment that must be shut down for maintenance due to dust cleaning blockage, realizes the continuity of the production process, and improves the overall utilization rate of the equipment.

[0028] 3. This invention utilizes the kinetic energy of regenerated hot air to drive the rapping mechanism, eliminating the need for an additional rapping motor and reducing energy consumption. Secondly, by setting an expanded rock wool pad on the outer layer of the filter element as a buffer medium, the high-frequency rigid impact generated by the hammer plate is transformed into low-frequency elastic compression of the ceramic core. This flexible cleaning method can effectively dislodge deeply adhered ammonium bisulfate and ash, while avoiding the cracking of the ceramic carrier caused by hard knocking, significantly extending the service life of the core catalytic components. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary air intake assembly structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the auxiliary air intake assembly structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing box of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a separate schematic diagram of the rotating air distribution component structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a separate schematic diagram of the regenerated filter element assembly structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a side cross-sectional view of the regenerated filter element assembly structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a partially exploded view of the structure of the regenerated filter element assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the fixing frame and the blind plate structure of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Processing box; 2. Base; 3. Frame; 4. Motor No. 1; 5. Cam divider; 6. Auxiliary air intake assembly; 601. Power box; 602. Hot gas inlet pipe; 603. Hot gas outlet pipe; 604. Main shaft; 605. Impeller; 606. Guide frame; 607. First swing arm; 608. Second swing arm; 609. Guide shaft; 6010. Hammering plate; 7. Rotary air distribution assembly; 701. Hollow spray bar; 702. Exhaust gas inlet; 703. Installation. Flange; 704, No. 2 motor; 705, drive gear; 706, driven gear ring; 707, fixed square tube; 708, movable square tube; 709, limit spring; 7010, air outlet; 7011, locking frame; 8, regenerated filter element assembly; 801, fixed frame; 802, drum frame; 803, filter element; 804, drive shaft; 805, blind flange; 806, dust collection box; 807, dust exhaust pipe; 808, hot air regeneration pipe; 9, centralized exhaust pipe; 10, exhaust valve. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas, which mainly includes a cylindrical treatment box 1. In order to ensure the stability of the treatment box 1, a base 2 is installed at equal intervals along the axis at the bottom of the treatment box 1. At the same time, in order to exhaust the filtered gas, a centralized exhaust pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the treatment box 1. The centralized exhaust pipe 9 is used to collect the filtered gas, and an exhaust valve 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the centralized exhaust pipe 9. The exhaust valve 10 is used for the final discharge of the filtered gas.

[0044] To evenly distribute industrial exhaust gas into the interior of the device, a rotating gas distribution assembly 7 is installed inside the treatment chamber 1. The rotating gas distribution assembly 7 mainly includes a hollow spray bar 701 vertically installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the treatment chamber 1 near the lower part. The bottom end of the hollow spray bar 701 penetrates the bottom end of the treatment chamber 1 and is movably sleeved with the treatment chamber 1. An exhaust gas inlet 702 is opened at the bottom end of the hollow spray bar 701, and an installation flange 703 is installed at the bottom end of the exhaust gas inlet 702. The installation flange 703 is connected to the external exhaust gas pipeline. For strict sealing, a sealed bearing is provided between the outer side of the hollow spray bar 701 and the treatment chamber 1 to prevent gas leakage and ensure that the hollow spray bar 701 can rotate normally relative to the treatment chamber 1.

[0045] To ensure high-speed rotation of the hollow spray bar 701, the rotating air distribution assembly 7 also includes a second motor 704. The top of the second motor 704 is fixed to the bottom of the processing box 1. The output end of the second motor 704 is equipped with a drive gear 705. At the same time, a driven gear ring 706 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the hollow spray bar 701 near the bottom. The drive gear 705 and the driven gear ring 706 are meshed together. By turning on the second motor 704 to drive the drive gear 705 to rotate, the driven gear ring 706 can be driven to rotate, which in turn drives the hollow spray bar 701 inside to rotate at high speed.

[0046] A locking frame 7011 is movably sleeved at the top of the outer side of the hollow spray bar 701, and the outer side of the locking frame 7011 is fixed to the inner cavity of the treatment box 1, realizing the fixed support process of the hollow spray bar 701. At the same time, in order to achieve uniform distribution of exhaust gas, a fixed square tube 707 is also provided on the outer wall of the hollow spray bar 701. The number of fixed square tubes 707 is at least four, and the multiple fixed square tubes 707 are arranged in layers and intervals along the axial direction of the hollow spray bar 701. On the same horizontal level, there are usually two fixed square tubes 707, which are symmetrically distributed at 180 degrees with the hollow spray bar 701 as the center, that is, they extend to both sides in a straight line. The fixed square tubes 707 between adjacent layers are distributed in a 90-degree cross shape on the horizontal projection. That is, if the fixed square tubes 707 of the lower layer extend in the left and right direction, the fixed square tubes 707 of the upper layer extend in the front and back direction. The internal cavities of all fixed square tubes 707 are connected to the main channel of the hollow spray bar 701. At the same time, the fixed square tubes 707 are movably sleeved with movable square tubes 708. Limiting springs 709 are installed on both sides of one end of the movable square tube 708, and the other end of the limiting springs 709 is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the fixed square tube 707. The top of the movable square tube 708 is provided with air outlets 7010 at equal intervals.

[0047] Specifically, when the movable square tube 708 can be displaced along the extension direction of the fixed square tube 707, the limiting spring 709 is gradually compressed as the movable square tube 708 moves outward.

[0048] The inner wall of the fixed square tube 707 is provided with a wear-resistant graphite sealing strip to ensure the airtightness of the movable square tube during sliding and expansion, prevent exhaust gas from leaking from the mating gap, and ensure that all gas is discharged from the vent 7010.

[0049] When treating exhaust gas, first connect the external exhaust gas inlet pipe to the mounting flange 703 to maintain the input of external exhaust gas. At this time, all the exhaust gas can enter the interior of the hollow spray bar 701. Simultaneously, turn on the second motor 704 to drive the drive gear 705 to rotate. At this time, the corresponding mounting flange 703 rotates accordingly, driving the hollow spray bar 701 to rotate at high speed. When the hollow spray bar 701 rotates, it generates a certain centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the movable square tube 708 moves away from the hollow spray bar 701. At this time, the limit spring 709 is compressed, and the movable square tube 708 gradually extends. At this time, the number of air outlets 7010 exposed at one end of the movable square tube 708 increases, and the exhaust gas discharged increases accordingly. As the hollow spray bar 701 rotates, the movable square tube 708 can rotate circumferentially, evenly distributing the exhaust gas into the interior of the treatment box 1, completing the uniform gas distribution process.

[0050] Furthermore, to precisely control the uniformity and range of exhaust gas distribution, a specific dynamic balance relationship is maintained between the extension length of the movable square tube 708 and the rotational angular velocity of the hollow spray bar 701. Let the equivalent mass of the movable square tube 708 (including the internal airflow mass) be m, the stiffness coefficient of the limiting spring 709 be k, and the initial rotation radius of the fixed square tube 707 be... The relative displacement of the movable square tube 708 is When the hollow spray bar 701 moves at an angular velocity During rotation, the centrifugal force experienced by the movable square tube 708 With spring restoring force When dynamic equilibrium is reached, its equilibrium equation can be expressed as:

[0051] The displacement can be obtained by sorting. With angular velocity Functional relationship:

[0052]

[0053] Based on the above formula, this embodiment limits the operating speed range of motor 704, so that... To ensure the system remains in a stable control region, preferably, the following settings are adopted: Value at 500 Between 800 N / m, the No. 2 motor 704 is controlled by a frequency converter, so that... In 10 The stepless adjustment within 50 rad / s allows the vents to concentrate in the central area when processing low-flow exhaust gas (low speed), and to automatically diffuse to the edge when processing high-flow exhaust gas (high speed), thus achieving adaptive matching between gas flow rate and gas distribution area.

[0054] To prevent catalyst failure and ensure filtration effect, this application provides a regenerated filter element assembly 8. In order to provide power to the regenerated filter element assembly 8, a frame 3 is installed at the top of the processing box 1, and a No. 1 motor 4 is embedded inside the frame 3. At the same time, a cam divider 5 is installed at the output end of the No. 1 motor 4, and the output end of the cam divider 5 is connected to the top of the regenerated filter element assembly 8.

[0055] The regenerated filter element assembly 8 mainly includes a fixing frame 801, which is embedded in the inner side wall of the treatment box 1 and located directly above the rotating air distribution assembly 7. The fixing frame 801 has an annular groove inside, and a drum frame 802 is installed through the annular groove and ball bearings. The drum frame 802 can rotate relative to the fixing frame 801, and filter elements 803 are axially and equally spaced and movable inside the drum frame 802.

[0056] It is worth noting that the filter element 803 mainly consists of three layers. The middle core layer is composed of a standard honeycomb ceramic catalyst module, the outer layer is wrapped with a highly elastic and high-temperature resistant expanded rock wool pad, and the outermost layer is a metal shell. The filter element 803 is composed of these three parts.

[0057] The expanded rock wool pad uses modified rock wool material containing vermiculite powder. This material has a volume expansion rate of more than 10% in environments above 300℃. Under the action of hot air in the recycling station, the expanded rock wool pad fills the assembly gap between the metal shell and the ceramic module, forming an interference fit. When external mechanical vibration is transmitted, the rock wool pad in the interference-tight state can more effectively transmit the vibration wave to the inside of the ceramic channel, inducing shear stress and causing the accumulated dust to fall off.

[0058] Specifically, the middle core layer of filter element 803 uses honeycomb ceramic with cordierite as a carrier, and its surface is loaded with a vanadium-tungsten-titanium-based low-temperature denitrification catalyst, with a pore density of 400. 600 CPSI (holes per square inch) to balance a large specific surface area with low air resistance;

[0059] The expanded rock wool pad located between the core layer and the metal shell has a dual function:

[0060] Sealing and insulation: to prevent short circuits of untreated flue gas and to maintain the temperature of the catalyst bed;

[0061] Dynamic breathing effect: This rock wool pad has a non-linear coefficient of thermal expansion. When 350°C air is introduced into the regeneration zone... 400 When exposed to high-temperature hot air, the rock wool pad expands due to heat, generating an inward clamping force on the ceramic core. When the mechanical vibration wave of the hammer plate 6010 is transmitted to this point, the rock wool pad, as a viscoelastic damping material, transforms the high-frequency rigid impact into a low-frequency, large-amplitude elastic deformation.

[0062] Meanwhile, the middle part of the filter element 803 is fixedly sleeved with a drive shaft 804, and the top end of the drive shaft 804 passes through the top end of the centralized exhaust pipe 9 and is connected to the output of the cam divider 5.

[0063] The number of filter elements 803 is matched with the single rotation angle of the cam divider 5. When there are six filter elements 803, the single rotation angle output by the cam divider 5 is 60°, while when there are four filter elements 803, the single rotation angle output by the cam divider 5 is 45°. At the same time, the number of filter elements 803 must be an even number, and the maximum number should not exceed ten for optimal results.

[0064] Blind plates 805 are symmetrically installed at both the top and bottom ends of one side of the fixed frame 801. The size of the blind plates 805 is adapted to the size of a single filter element 803. When the filter element 803 is completely rotated between the two blind plates 805, the two blind plates 805 can completely block the filter element 803. At the same time, in order to effectively regenerate the filter element 803, a through hole is opened at the top of the upper blind plate 805, and a hot air regeneration pipe 808 is fixedly connected to the top of the through hole. The end of the hot air regeneration pipe 808 away from the blind plate 805 passes through the processing box 1. A bucket groove is opened at the bottom of the dust collection box 806 and a dust discharge pipe 807 is fixedly connected to it. At the same time, the end of the dust discharge pipe 807 away from the dust collection box 806 passes through one side of the processing box 1 and is located on the outer side of the processing box 1.

[0065] The contact surface between the blind flange 805 and the drum frame 802 is inlaid with a high-temperature resistant flexible sealing scraper, including but not limited to PTFE or graphite composite material, to block the airflow short circuit between the regeneration zone and the working zone.

[0066] Specifically, the mounting bracket 801 is divided into two areas by two blind plates 805: the part not blocked by the blind plates 805 is the working area, and the part completely blocked by the blind plates 805 is the regeneration area. Only the filter element 803 in the working area purifies the exhaust gas, while the filter element 803 in the regeneration area does not purify the exhaust gas.

[0067] Example: The exhaust gas entering the treatment box 1 comes into contact with multiple filter elements 803 located inside the rotating air distribution assembly 7 after being evenly distributed. After the exhaust gas is catalytically filtered by the filter elements 803, the treated gas is collected through the centralized exhaust pipe 9 and discharged through the exhaust valve 10, thus completing the exhaust gas purification process.

[0068] Simultaneously, motor 4 is activated to drive cam divider 5 to rotate, and cam divider 5 drives drum frame 802 to rotate a certain angle at a time, periodically rotating filter element 803 located in the working area to the regeneration area for processing, and always keeping multiple filter elements 803 in the working area to complete the online maintenance process of filter element 803.

[0069] By setting multiple filter elements 803 and dividing the fixing frame 801 into a working area and a regeneration area by a blind plate 805, and by actively rotating the drum frame 802, the filter elements 803 are periodically rotated to the regeneration area for processing, and multiple filter elements 803 are always kept in working condition, realizing automatic periodic maintenance of the filter elements 803. This will not interfere with the normal filtration process, requires no downtime for maintenance, significantly reduces the maintenance cycle, achieves self-maintenance, and reduces the problem of decreased purification effect due to filter element 803 failure.

[0070] To effectively regenerate the filter element 803, this application introduces an auxiliary air intake assembly 6, which includes a power box 601. The power box 601 is connected to the outer side of the processing box 1 via a locking plate. A hot air inlet pipe 602 is fixedly connected to the side of the power box 601 away from the processing box 1, while a hot air outlet pipe 603 is fixedly connected to the side of the power box 601 closer to the processing box 1. The end of the hot air outlet pipe 603 away from the power box 601 is connected to the hot air regeneration pipe 808. The input end of the drum frame 802 is connected to an external high-pressure hot air blower to realize the input process of high-pressure hot air.

[0071] A main shaft 604 is movably mounted in the middle of the power box 601. An impeller 605 located inside the power box 601 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the main shaft 604. First swing arms 607 are fixedly connected to both the front and rear ends of the outer side of the main shaft 604. A second swing arm 608 is movably connected to the end of the first swing arm 607 away from the main shaft 604 through a rotating shaft. A guide shaft 609 is movably connected between the two second swing arms 608. A guide frame 606 is mounted on one end of the outer side of the power box 601. The guide shaft 609 is movably engaged with the guide frame 606. The guide shaft 609 moves relative to the extension direction of the guide frame 606. A hammer plate 6010 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide shaft 609 away from the power box 601. When the guide shaft 609 moves to the limit position close to the processing box 1, that is, when the distance between the guide shaft 609 and the processing box 1 is at its minimum, the hammer plate 6010 collides with the processing box 1.

[0072] Example: In order to perform online regeneration and dust removal on filter element 803 in the regeneration zone, the externally connected high-pressure hot air blower is started, and high-pressure hot air is injected into the power box 601 through the hot air inlet pipe 602. The high-speed airflow first impacts the impeller 605 located inside the power box 601, driving the impeller 605 and the main shaft 604 to rotate at high speed. The rotation of the main shaft 604 drives the first swing arms 607 on both sides to perform circular motion, and then pulls the second swing arm 608 to move through the rotating shaft, so that the guide shaft 609 moves back and forth in a straight line along the trajectory of the guide frame 606. When the guide shaft 609 moves to the extreme position close to the treatment box 1, the hammer plate 6010 fixed to it will periodically strike the outer wall of the treatment box 1 at high frequency, generating strong mechanical vibration waves and transmitting them to the internal fixed frame 801 and filter element 803.

[0073] At the same time, the hot air after completing the driving work is not directly discharged, but enters the hot air regeneration pipe 808 through the hot air output pipe 603, and passes through the through hole on the blind plate 805, directly acting on the filter element 803 in the regeneration zone, which is isolated by the upper and lower blind plates 805. At this time, under the mechanical vibration generated by the hammer plate 6010, the internal microporous structure of the filter element 803 undergoes breathing deformation, causing the attached ammonium bisulfate and dirt to loosen and fall off.

[0074] The incoming high-temperature hot air performs pyrolysis regeneration on the filter element 803 and blows away the shaken dust. The exhaust gas and dust generated by the blowing eventually fall into the dust collection box 806 below and are discharged from the housing through the dust discharge pipe 807, thus completing the dual regeneration process of physical vibration and hot air blowing for a single filter element 803.

[0075] The mechanical energy generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow impacting the impeller 605 drives the hammer plate 6010 to indirectly vibrate the treatment box 1 at high frequency. This vibration wave is transmitted through the rigid shell to the filter element 803, which has a three-layer structure of metal shell, expanded rock wool pad and standard honeycomb ceramic catalyst module. The damping buffer and elastic energy storage effect of the expanded rock wool pad induces the brittle ceramic core to produce a slight breathing deformation, thereby physically breaking off deep stubborn dust without damaging the ceramic structure. On the other hand, the residual heat airflow after the work is done directly pyrolyzes and blows the filter element 803 in the isolation zone through the hot air output pipe 603 and the hot air regeneration pipe 808, which completely solves the problem of viscous ammonium bisulfate blockage and realizes efficient, non-destructive and low-energy automatic maintenance of the core filter element 803 without stopping the machine.

[0076] The auxiliary air intake assembly 6 of this device adopts an energy cascade utilization design, which significantly reduces operating energy consumption. The fluid working fluid parameters input by the external high-pressure hot air blower are set as follows: pressure 0.6 MPa, temperature 350 400 ;

[0077] High-speed airflow impacts impeller 605, approximately 15 20 The fluid kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy, driving the hammer plate 6010 at 2 The Hz frequency impact on the enclosure saves the separate motor drive power compared to traditional electric vibrators;

[0078] Although the pressure of the airflow decreases after the work is done, the enthalpy is mainly reflected as heat energy, and the temperature only decreases by about 10 degrees. 20 This satisfies the requirement of ammonium bisulfate (decomposition temperature approximately 147°C). The gasification and decomposition requirements of ).

[0079] This device also includes the following deacidification and denitrification processes:

[0080] Turn on the heat tracing system of processing box 1 (not shown in the figure) to preheat the temperature inside the box to 280°C. The above measures are to prevent ammonia salt crystallization during cold starts;

[0081] Start motor 704 and set the speed to 300 rpm. At this time, the movable square tube 708 extends its total length under the action of centrifugal force. The tail gas mixed with ammonia was evenly sprayed into the treatment box 1.

[0082] The exhaust gas passes through filter element 803 in the working area and undergoes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] The controller is set to start motor 4 every 2 hours, which drives the drum frame 802 to rotate 60 degrees (taking six filter elements 803 as an example) via cam divider 5, taking 10 seconds;

[0085] After the new workstation is in place, the auxiliary air intake component 6 automatically activates, injecting 380... Hot air is continuously blown for 5 minutes. At the same time, the 6010 hammering plate is used to strike the surface.

[0086] Meanwhile, during the exhaust gas treatment process, this device achieves synergistic deacidification and denitrification. When high-temperature exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and acidic components (such as SOx, HCl, etc.) enters the treatment chamber 1, the centrifugal gas distribution component evenly disperses the externally input ammonia gas (or ammonia source gas) into the exhaust gas flow field;

[0087] At this point, ammonia plays a dual role: First, as a reducing agent for denitrification: ammonia reacts with nitrogen oxides under the action of a catalyst loaded on filter element 803 to produce nitrogen and water; Second, as an alkaline neutralizing agent for deacidification: ammonia that has not yet participated in the catalytic reaction will preferentially react with acidic gases (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, etc.) in the tail gas to produce fine solid particulate salts such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfite, or ammonium chloride.

[0088] When the solid ammonium salt particles generated above reach the surface of filter element 803 with the airflow, they are physically intercepted by the microporous structure of the filter element, thereby realizing the conversion and separation of acidic components from the gas phase to the solid phase (i.e., deacidification). As the reaction proceeds, the layer of ammonium salt particles attached to the surface of the filter element will be periodically shaken off by the aforementioned online rapping cleaning mechanism and settled to the bottom of the box for discharge.

[0089] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0090] System preheating: Before introducing the exhaust gas, start the heat tracing system of the treatment box 1 to raise the internal temperature of the treatment box 1 to the predetermined temperature. This step is used to prevent the ammonia gas introduced later from reacting with the sulfides in the exhaust gas to form crystal salts in a low-temperature environment, and to avoid the initial blockage of the filter element 803.

[0091] Centrifugal adaptive air distribution: Connect the external exhaust pipe to the mounting flange 703 at the bottom of the hollow spray bar 701, start the second motor 704, the second motor 704 drives the drive gear 705 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear ring 706 fixed to the hollow spray bar 701 to rotate, so that the hollow spray bar 701 rotates at high speed. The movable square tube 708 located on the hollow spray bar 701 is subjected to centrifugal force and overcomes the resistance of the limit spring 709 to slide outward along the fixed square tube 707. The extension length of the movable square tube 708 depends on the rotation speed.

[0092] When processing low-flow tail gas, the No. 2 motor 704 is controlled to rotate at low speed, resulting in a smaller centrifugal force. The movable square tube 708 is in a retracted state, and the air outlet 7010 is concentrated in the central area of ​​the treatment box 1, increasing the ammonia concentration in the central area.

[0093] When processing large flow of exhaust gas, the second motor 704 is controlled to rotate at high speed, the centrifugal force increases, the movable square tube 708 extends outward, the number of air outlets 7010 increases and the air distribution range spreads to the edge of the treatment box 1, and the exhaust gas mixed with ammonia is injected into the interior of the treatment box 1 through the air outlets 7010 on the movable square tube 708 to complete the mixing with the flue gas.

[0094] Catalytic reaction and filtration: The mixed gas flows upward into the regeneration filter element assembly 8 area. The filter element 803, in the working position, intercepts and filters the passing gas, and at the same time, a denitrification reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst to remove nitrogen oxides. The purified gas converges to the centralized exhaust pipe 9 and is finally discharged through the exhaust valve 10.

[0095] Area switching and isolation: The system sets a timer program to start motor 4. Motor 4 drives the transmission shaft 804 and the drum frame 802 to rotate intermittently through the cam divider 5. This action transfers the filter element 803, which has been adsorbed with dust, from the open working area to the regeneration area closed by the upper and lower blind plates 805. At the same time, the cleaned filter element 803 is moved into the working area to ensure that the exhaust gas treatment process is continuous.

[0096] Flexible vibration and hot air regeneration: When the filter element 803 enters the regeneration area, the external high-pressure hot air blower injects high-temperature hot air into the power box 601 of the auxiliary air intake component 6 through the hot air inlet pipe 602.

[0097] Pneumatic vibration: The high-speed airflow first impacts the impeller 605 to make it rotate, which drives the main shaft 604 to rotate. The main shaft 604 drives the guide shaft 609 to slide back and forth on the guide frame 606 through the transmission of the first swing arm 607 and the second swing arm 608, so that the hammer plate 6010 periodically strikes the outer wall of the treatment box 1. The vibration energy is transmitted to the expanded rock wool pad on the outer layer of the filter element 803. The rock wool pad converts the rigid impact into elastic compression on the internal ceramic core, causing the attached sticky dust to loosen and fall off.

[0098] Pyrolysis purging: The hot airflow after the impeller 605 has done work enters the hot air regeneration pipe 808 through the hot air output pipe 603, and directly blows the filter element 803 through the through hole at the top of the blind plate 805. The high temperature airflow decomposes and vaporizes the ammonium bisulfate, and carries the detached dust into the dust collection box 806 at the bottom, and finally discharges the device through the dust discharge pipe 807.

Claims

1. Ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas, comprising a treatment tank (1) and a base (2) supporting the treatment tank (1), characterized in that: The processing box (1) is provided with a rotating gas distribution assembly (7) for dynamically adjusting the gas distribution range and a regenerated filter element assembly (8) for partitioned catalytic filtration of the exhaust gas in sequence along the airflow direction. An auxiliary air intake assembly (6) is provided on the outside of the processing box (1). The auxiliary air intake assembly (6) is coupled to the regeneration filter assembly (8) and the outer wall of the processing box (1) through air passage pipes and mechanical transmission structure, respectively. The rotating air distribution assembly (7) is configured to use the centrifugal force generated by rotation to change the radial distribution position of the air outlet (7010) within the treatment box (1), thereby achieving adaptive matching between the exhaust gas flow rate and the air distribution area; The regenerated filter element assembly (8) is configured to achieve online filtration and maintenance without shutting down the system by intermittently rotating and switching between the working station and the regeneration station; The auxiliary air intake assembly (6) is configured to convert the kinetic energy of the input high-pressure hot airflow into mechanical vibration energy to strike the processing box (1), and to introduce the residual heat of the hot airflow after work into the regeneration station of the regeneration filter assembly (8) for pyrolysis purging.

2. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating air distribution assembly (7) includes a hollow spray bar (701) that is vertically and rotatably installed at the bottom of the processing box (1). The bottom end of the hollow spray bar (701) is provided with an exhaust gas inlet (702), and its outer wall is provided with multiple layers of fixed square tubes (707) spaced apart along the axial direction. A movable square tube (708) is slidably sleeved inside the fixed square tube (707). The movable square tube (708) is connected to the interior of the hollow spray bar (701), and a limit spring (709) is connected between the movable square tube (708) and the fixed square tube (707). A plurality of air outlet holes (7010) are opened on the movable square tube (708). The bottom of the processing box (1) is provided with a second motor (704) that drives the hollow spray bar (701) to rotate. When the hollow spray bar (701) rotates, the movable square tube (708) is configured to extend outward against the resistance of the limiting spring (709).

3. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the hollow spray bar (701) is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the processing box (1) by a locking frame (7011). The output end of the second motor (704) is provided with a drive gear (705). The bottom of the hollow spray bar (701) is fixedly sleeved with a driven gear ring (706) that meshes with the drive gear (705). The fixed square tubes (707) are distributed in a cross shape between adjacent layers.

4. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regenerated filter assembly (8) includes a fixed frame (801) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the processing box (1), a rotating drum frame (802) is rotatably installed in the fixed frame (801) via a bearing, and a plurality of filter elements (803) are installed in a circular array in the rotating drum frame (802). The top of the processing box (1) is equipped with a frame (3), and the frame (3) contains a motor (4) and a cam divider (5). The output shaft of the cam divider (5) passes through the centralized exhaust pipe (9) at the top of the processing box (1) and is keyed to the drive shaft (804) at the center of the drum frame (802).

5. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (801) has a regeneration area on one side for isolating the filter element (803), and the regeneration area is enclosed by blind plates (805) fixed at the upper and lower ends of the mounting bracket (801); The upper blind plate (805) is provided with a hot air inlet and connected to a hot air regeneration pipe (808). The lower blind plate (805) is provided with a dust collection box (806) at the corresponding position. The bottom of the dust collection box (806) is connected to a dust discharge pipe (807) extending to the outside of the processing box (1).

6. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter element (803) adopts a multi-layer composite structure, including a honeycomb ceramic catalyst module at the center, an expanded rock wool pad wrapped around the honeycomb ceramic catalyst module, and an outermost metal shell. The expanded rock wool pad is configured to generate elastic deformation when receiving external mechanical vibration to perform flexible extrusion cleaning of the honeycomb ceramic catalyst module.

7. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary air intake assembly (6) includes a power box (601), in which a main shaft (604) is rotatably mounted, and an impeller (605) located in the airflow channel is fixed on the main shaft (604). The power box (601) is provided with a hot air inlet pipe (602) at the air inlet end and a hot air outlet pipe (603) at the air outlet end. The hot air inlet pipe (602) is used to introduce high-pressure hot air to drive the impeller (605) to rotate.

8. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the main shaft (604) extend to the outside of the power box (601) and are connected to a first swing arm (607). The end of the first swing arm (607) is hinged to a second swing arm (608). A guide shaft (609) is connected between the two second swing arms (608). A guide frame (606) is provided on the outside of the power box (601). The guide shaft (609) slides and is restricted within the guide frame (606) and performs reciprocating linear motion.

9. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hammer plate (6010) is fixed to the side of the guide shaft (609) facing the processing box (1). The hammer plate (6010) is configured to periodically strike the outer wall of the processing box (1) under the rotational drive of the main shaft (604) to generate vibration waves transmitted to the regenerated filter assembly (8).

10. The ammonia catalytic treatment device for deacidification and denitrification tail gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the hot air output pipe (603) is connected to the hot air regeneration pipe (808) of the regeneration filter assembly (8) so as to introduce the depressurized hot air flow after driving the impeller (605) to do work into the regeneration station.

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