A preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed

Abstract

The application provides a preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed, and belongs to the technical field of pig feed processing equipment. The device comprises a fixed-knife cylinder assembly and a spiral lifting rotor assembly. The fixed-knife cylinder assembly comprises a mounting frame, a crushing cylinder, a crushing cavity, and multiple fixed blades arranged at intervals along the spiral lifting direction. The spiral lifting rotor assembly comprises a conical cylinder rotatably arranged at the center of the crushing cavity, a servo motor for driving the conical cylinder to rotate, a spiral conveying plate mounted on the outer surface of the conical cylinder, and multiple moving blades. The moving blades and the fixed blades are arranged alternately to form a shearing fit. A conical baffle, a central buffer spring, and an auxiliary buffer assembly are arranged at the bottom of the crushing cavity, so that the spiral lifting rotor assembly can float up and down as a whole. The application solves the problems of poor coordination, high idle energy consumption, easy clogging, and easy winding of high-moisture fiber materials around the crushing roller of the two-stage crushing mechanism of the existing device, and realizes single-stage self-adaptive crushing with simple structure and stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pig feed processing equipment technology, and in particular to a preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed. Background Technology

[0002] Pig feed formulation typically involves the mixing and grinding of various raw materials. Among these, roughage such as green fodder and crop straw are important components due to their high fiber content. However, fresh plant straw is characterized by high moisture content, high toughness, and long fibers. Therefore, its initial grinding process is a crucial step in feed processing, directly affecting the efficiency of subsequent mixing and pelleting, as well as the quality of the finished product.

[0003] In the prior art, some improvements have been made to the preliminary grinding devices for pig feed to enhance the grinding effect. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN217725801U discloses a "preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed," which includes a grinding device body. The top is equipped with a rotating rod and blades driven by a first motor for stirring and preliminary grinding of the material. The bottom of the device has a first grinding roller and a second grinding roller, independently driven by a second motor. The two rollers rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing, performing secondary grinding of the preliminarily ground material. Simultaneously, the device includes an L-shaped scraper on the rotating rod for cleaning material adhering to the inner wall of the device.

[0004] Although this existing technology improves the crushing effect to some extent by setting up a two-stage crushing mechanism and solves the problem of material sticking to the wall by using scrapers, it still has the following technical defects in practical applications, especially when crushing fresh, high-moisture plant straw materials: First, the two-stage crushing mechanism of this device has a flaw in its operational logic. The top stirring blades and the bottom roller crushing mechanism are driven by independent motors and operate simultaneously. In the initial stage of crushing, a large amount of material accumulates in the upper stirring and crushing zone of the device. At this time, the bottom roller mechanism does not receive sufficient material of uniform particle size, but is in a state of continuous idling or light-load operation, resulting in significant energy waste. As the crushing process progresses, after the top stirring blades coarsely crush the material, its feeding speed and particle size become uncontrollable, which can easily lead to a large amount of material rushing into the bottom roller zone instantaneously. If the particle size of the material exceeds the meshing range of the rollers or the falling speed exceeds the processing capacity of the rollers, it will cause serious blockage in the bottom crushing zone, forcing the equipment to stop for cleaning, which seriously affects the continuity and stability of the crushing operation.

[0005] Secondly, the device is not well-suited for handling high-moisture, long-fiber materials. When processing high-moisture, tough materials such as fresh straw, the bottom roller mechanism faces a unique risk of "shaft entanglement." Due to the high moisture content and long fibers of the material, it is difficult to completely and cleanly cut them when they enter between two opposing rotating crushing rollers. Some fibers become entangled on the surface of either the driving or driven crushing roller, accumulating as the rollers rotate. This "shaft entanglement" phenomenon gradually fills the gaps between the crushing roller teeth, increasing the effective crushing diameter, blunting the teeth, and ultimately leading to a sharp decrease or even loss of crushing capacity. Simultaneously, the entangled fibers further exacerbate material accumulation and blockage, increasing the motor load, potentially causing overheating and damage, and making equipment cleaning extremely difficult. The existing technology's structural design does not consider the prevention and treatment of entanglement problems with high-moisture fibrous materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0008] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crushing device with a simple structure, which addresses the problems of poor two-stage crushing coordination, easy clogging and high energy consumption, and easy fiber entanglement in the bottom rollers when processing fresh and moist straw in existing pig feed preliminary crushing devices.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed, comprising: A fixed-blade cylinder assembly includes a mounting bracket, inside which a crushing cylinder is fixedly mounted. A crushing chamber is formed on the upper side of the interior of the crushing cylinder, and multiple fixed blades are spaced apart along the inner wall of the crushing chamber in a spiral upward direction. The spiral lifting rotor assembly includes a conical cylinder rotatably disposed at the center of the crushing chamber. A mounting frame is disposed directly below the conical cylinder. A servo motor is fixedly mounted inside the mounting frame. The output end of the servo motor is driven to a rotating shaft via a coupling. The top end of the rotating shaft penetrates the top wall of the mounting frame and extends above it, and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the conical cylinder. A spiral conveying plate and a plurality of spaced moving blades are mounted on the outer surface of the conical cylinder along the spiral upward direction. The moving blades and the fixed blades are staggered in the axial direction and form a shearing engagement. The moving blades and the fixed blades are both located between the upper and lower pitches of the spiral conveying plate. The outer edge of the spiral conveying plate is rotatably sealed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, a conical baffle is fixedly installed inside the crushing cylinder and at the bottom end of the crushing chamber. A feeding port is opened at the bottom end of the conical baffle, and a feeding channel is arranged in a circular array around the outer periphery of the conical baffle. The crushing chamber is connected to the feeding port through the feeding channel.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, the top of the crushing cylinder is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the feed inlet is connected to the crushing chamber. A receiving hopper is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder and directly below the discharge port.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, a telescopic groove is provided at the center of the conical baffle, and the mounting frame is slidably connected in the telescopic groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, a central buffer spring is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the outer side of the telescopic channel, a support ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, and the bottom wall of the support ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the central buffer spring.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, four sets of auxiliary buffer components are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer top wall of the conical baffle. Each auxiliary buffer component includes a fixed cylinder fixedly installed on the outer top wall of the conical baffle. An auxiliary buffer spring is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the fixed cylinder. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary buffer spring, and the limiting plate is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting plate, and the top of the telescopic rod penetrates the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder and extends above it, abutting against the bottom wall of the conical cylinder.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, the bottom wall of the conical cylinder is slidably connected to the top wall of the four telescopic rods.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the preliminary crushing device for producing pig feed according to the present invention, a circular baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical cylinder, and the inner bottom wall of the circular baffle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conical baffle. The four sets of auxiliary buffer components, support rings and mounting frames are all arranged inside the circular baffle.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, by setting up a spiral lifting rotor assembly in conjunction with a fixed blade cylinder assembly, utilizes the spiral pushing action of the spiral conveyor plate to ensure that the material continuously passes through the shearing areas of the moving and fixed blades as it rises along the spiral path within the crushing chamber, achieving highly efficient crushing in a single-stage crushing structure. Compared to the existing technology that uses two independently driven crushing mechanisms, this invention requires only one servo motor to complete material conveying and crushing, fundamentally avoiding the coordination problem between top and bottom crushing, eliminating the energy waste caused by the simultaneous operation of two crushing mechanisms in traditional devices, and preventing blockage in the bottom crushing zone due to uncontrollable feeding speed and particle size, significantly improving the continuity and stability of the crushing operation.

[0018] 2. This invention, by setting a central buffer spring and auxiliary buffer components on a conical baffle, enables the spiral lifting rotor assembly to have an adaptive lifting adjustment function. When there is too much material in the crushing chamber or fiber entanglement occurs, the axial reaction force generated by the material on the spiral conveyor plate can overcome the spring support force, automatically lifting the spiral lifting rotor assembly upwards. This simultaneously reduces the effective feeding area of ​​the feed inlet and changes the shearing gap between the moving and fixed blades. This purely mechanical passive adaptive mechanism requires no sensors or electronic control components and can automatically adjust the crushing parameters according to the material load state. It effectively prevents the problem of high-moisture fiber materials entanglement on the crushing roller, avoiding the drawbacks of reduced crushing capacity, motor overheating damage, and difficult equipment cleaning caused by fiber entanglement. It greatly improves the device's adaptability to high-toughness materials such as fresh plant straw.

[0019] 3. This invention completely encloses the moving parts, such as the auxiliary buffer assembly, support ring, and mounting frame, with a circular baffle, effectively preventing dust generated during the crushing process from entering the spring and sliding contact area. It also avoids material entanglement on these components, significantly improving the operational reliability and service life of the device. With a compact overall structure, fewer parts, and fewer potential failure points, compared to existing technologies employing two-stage independent drives and complex transmission structures, this invention has lower manufacturing costs, is more convenient to maintain, and possesses significant economic benefits and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional front sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a perspective front sectional view of the fixed blade cylinder assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional top sectional view of the fixed blade cylinder assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the spiral lifting rotor assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective front sectional view of the spiral lifting rotor assembly of the present invention; In the diagram: 100, Fixed blade cylinder assembly; 101, Mounting bracket; 102, Crushing cylinder; 103, Crushing chamber; 104, Fixed blade; 105, Conical baffle; 105a, Discharge channel; 105b, Telescopic channel; 106, Discharge port; 107, Feed inlet; 108, Receiving hopper; 109, Central buffer spring; 110, Auxiliary buffer assembly; 110a, Fixed cylinder; 110b, Auxiliary buffer spring; 110c, Limiting plate; 110d, Telescopic rod; 200. Screw lifting rotor assembly; 201. Conical cylinder; 202. Mounting frame; 203. Servo motor; 204. Rotary shaft; 205. Screw conveyor plate; 206. Moving blade; 207. Support ring; 208. Circular cover. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0024] Example Reference Figures 1-7 This invention provides a preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed, comprising a fixed blade cylinder assembly 100 and a spiral lifting rotor assembly 200. The fixed blade cylinder assembly 100, serving as the fixed part of the device, includes a mounting frame 101. A grinding cylinder 102 is fixedly mounted inside the mounting frame 101. A grinding chamber 103 for accommodating materials is formed on the upper side of the grinding cylinder 102. Multiple fixed blades 104 are spaced apart along the spiral upward direction on the inner wall of the grinding chamber 103. These fixed blades 104 are arranged spirally, forming a continuous shearing zone with subsequent moving blades, providing multi-stage shearing action as the material rises along the spiral path, effectively improving grinding efficiency. A feed inlet 107 is formed at the top of the grinding cylinder 102, and the bottom of the feed inlet 107 is connected to the grinding chamber 103 for feeding fresh plant straw into the device to be ground.

[0025] The spiral lifting rotor assembly 200, as the moving part of the device, includes a conical cylinder 201 rotatably disposed at the center of the crushing chamber 103. A mounting frame 202 is disposed directly below the conical cylinder 201. A servo motor 203 is fixedly mounted inside the mounting frame 202. The output end of the servo motor 203 is connected to a rotating shaft 204 via a coupling. The top end of the rotating shaft 204 penetrates the top wall of the mounting frame 202 and extends above it, and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the conical cylinder 201. Thus, the servo motor 203 can drive the conical cylinder 201 to rotate within the crushing chamber 103. A spiral conveying plate 205 is mounted on the outer surface of the conical cylinder 201 along the spiral upward direction. The outer edge of the spiral conveying plate 205 is rotatably sealed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 103, which can force the material to be conveyed from bottom to top during rotation and prevent the material from flowing back through the gap between the spiral plate and the cylinder wall, ensuring that the material moves along a predetermined path. The outer surface of the conical cylinder 201 is also provided with multiple moving blades 206 at intervals along the spiral upward direction. These moving blades 206 and fixed blades 104 are staggered in the axial direction and form a shearing engagement. The moving blades 206 and fixed blades 104 are both located between the upper and lower pitches of the spiral conveyor plate 205, so that the material continuously passes through the shearing area of ​​the moving blades 206 and fixed blades 104 during the upward pushing process of the spiral conveyor plate 205, thereby achieving efficient crushing.

[0026] A conical baffle 105 is fixedly installed inside the crushing cylinder 102 and at the bottom of the crushing chamber 103. The conical baffle 105 is used to receive the crushed material and guide it to the discharge area. A feeding channel 105a is formed in a circular array around the outer periphery of the conical baffle 105, and a feeding port 106 is formed at the bottom of the conical baffle 105. The crushing chamber 103 is connected to the feeding port 106 through the feeding channel 105a. The crushed material is collected through the feeding channel 105a to the feeding port 106 and falls into the receiving hopper 108 set directly below the bottom of the crushing cylinder 102, completing the discharge collection.

[0027] To achieve the adaptive lifting adjustment function of the spiral lifting rotor assembly 200, a telescopic groove 105b is provided at the center of the conical baffle 105. The mounting frame 202 is slidably connected within the telescopic groove 105b, allowing the spiral lifting rotor assembly 200 to float vertically relative to the fixed blade cylinder assembly 100. A central buffer spring 109 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the outer side of the telescopic groove 105b, and a support ring 207 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame 202. The bottom wall of the support ring 207 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the central buffer spring 109. The central buffer spring 109 can provide limiting support for the mounting frame 202 without affecting the vertical extension and retraction of the mounting frame 202 and the conical cylinder 201. The outer top wall of the conical baffle 105 is circumferentially arrayed with four sets of auxiliary buffer components 110. Each auxiliary buffer component 110 includes a fixed cylinder 110a fixedly installed on the outer top wall of the conical baffle 105. An auxiliary buffer spring 110b is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the fixed cylinder 110a. A limiting disk 110c is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary buffer spring 110b and is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 110a. A telescopic rod 110d is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting disk 110c and extends through the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder 110a to its top and abuts against the bottom wall of the conical cylinder 201. The bottom wall of the conical cylinder 201 is slidably connected to the top wall of the four telescopic rods 110d. The four sets of auxiliary buffer components 110 can further limit and support the conical cylinder 201, making it more stable and not affecting the normal rotation of the conical cylinder 201.

[0028] With the above structure, when the material load in the crushing chamber is normal, the central buffer spring 109 and the auxiliary buffer spring 110b together support the spiral lifting rotor assembly 200 to keep it in the preset working position. At this time, the feed port 107 is in the normal opening, and the shearing gap between the moving blade 206 and the fixed blade 104 is in the optimal crushing state. When there is too much material in the crushing chamber or fiber entanglement causes increased crushing resistance, the axial reaction force generated by the material on the screw conveyor plate 205 increases. This reaction force overcomes the supporting force of the central buffer spring 109 and the auxiliary buffer spring 110b, causing the mounting frame 202 to slide upward along the telescopic groove 105b, which in turn causes the conical cylinder 201 to float upward as a whole. This automatically reduces the effective feeding area of ​​the feed inlet 107. At the same time, the relative shearing position of the moving blade 206 and the fixed blade 104 changes, altering the shearing gap and widening the gap between them. This effectively prevents further deterioration of material blockage and fiber entanglement. When the material load returns to normal, the elastic force of the central buffer spring 109 and the auxiliary buffer spring 110b pulls the screw lifting rotor assembly 200 back to its original position, restoring normal feeding and crushing conditions.

[0029] A circular baffle 208 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical cylinder 201, and the inner bottom wall of the circular baffle 208 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conical baffle 105. The four sets of auxiliary buffer components 110, support ring 207 and mounting frame 202 are all set inside the circular baffle 208. The circular baffle 208 can prevent dust generated during the crushing process from entering the spring and sliding contact area, protecting the moving parts from contamination. On the other hand, it can rotate synchronously with the conical cylinder 201 when it rotates, avoiding material from getting tangled on the mounting frame 202 or the spring structure, further improving the operational stability and reliability of the device.

[0030] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0032] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed, characterized in that, include: A fixed-blade cylinder assembly includes a mounting bracket, inside which a crushing cylinder is fixedly mounted. A crushing chamber is formed on the upper side of the interior of the crushing cylinder, and multiple fixed blades are spaced apart along the inner wall of the crushing chamber in a spiral upward direction. The spiral lifting rotor assembly includes a conical cylinder rotatably disposed at the center of the crushing chamber. A mounting frame is disposed directly below the conical cylinder. A servo motor is fixedly mounted inside the mounting frame. The output end of the servo motor is driven and connected to a rotating shaft via a coupling. The top end of the rotating shaft penetrates the top wall of the mounting frame and extends above it, and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the conical cylinder. A spiral conveying plate and a plurality of spaced moving blades are mounted on the outer surface of the conical cylinder along the spiral upward direction. The moving blades and the fixed blades are staggered in the axial direction and form a shearing engagement. The moving blades and the fixed blades are both located between the upper and lower pitches of the spiral conveying plate. The outer edge of the spiral conveying plate is rotatably sealed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A conical baffle is fixedly installed inside the crushing cylinder and at the bottom of the crushing chamber. A feeding port is opened at the bottom of the conical baffle, and a feeding channel is arranged in a circular array around the outer periphery of the conical baffle. The crushing chamber is connected to the feeding port through the feeding channel. A telescopic groove is provided at the center of the conical baffle, and the mounting frame is slidably connected in the telescopic groove; A central buffer spring is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the outer side of the telescopic channel, and a support ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, with the bottom wall of the support ring being fixedly connected to the top surface of the central buffer spring. The outer top wall of the conical baffle is circumferentially arrayed with four sets of auxiliary buffer components. Each auxiliary buffer component includes a fixed cylinder fixedly installed on the outer top wall of the conical baffle. An auxiliary buffer spring is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the fixed cylinder. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary buffer spring, and the limiting plate is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting plate, and the top of the telescopic rod penetrates the inner top wall of the fixed cylinder and extends above it, abutting against the bottom wall of the conical cylinder.

2. The preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the crushing cylinder is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the feed inlet is connected to the crushing chamber. A receiving hopper is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder and directly below the discharge port.

3. The preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the conical cylinder is slidably connected to the top wall of the four telescopic rods.

4. The preliminary grinding device for producing pig feed as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A circular baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical cylinder, and the inner bottom wall of the circular baffle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the conical baffle. All four sets of auxiliary buffer components, support rings and mounting frames are arranged inside the circular baffle.

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