A large tree felling crane with a fall protection mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a large tree felling crane with a falling protection mechanism and relates to the technical field of cranes.The crane comprises a vehicle body and a rotating platform, and one end of a hoist is fixedly connected with an anti-instability mechanism.When the main steel wire rope is broken during the hoisting of trees, the standby steel wire rope is rapidly used to pull the lifting hook and the trees together with the standby frame, effectively preventing the falling of the trees and avoiding the damage of the falling trees to the surrounding trees and equipment or the accidents of casualties;after the standby steel wire rope is put into use, the anti-instability mechanism plays a role, on one hand, it can buffer the impact force generated by the falling of the trees on the crane vehicle body in an instant, preventing the vehicle body from being overturned due to the excessive impact force;on the other hand, in the buffering process, the anti-instability mechanism synchronously adjusts the position of the counterweight, offsets the overall center of gravity of the vehicle body to the direction away from the lifting hook, actively balances the overturning moment and further enhances the stability of the vehicle body, preventing the overturning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crane technology, and in particular to a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] During the felling of large trees, cranes are used to efficiently and safely lift the trees to the ground and onto vehicles. Crane wire ropes can break due to the following reasons: wear, overloading, or scratches from sharp branches causing the load-bearing rope to break; if the weight of the tree is not accurately estimated before felling, exceeding the crane's rated lifting capacity, the crane's components will be subjected to excessive loads, easily leading to structural deformation and wire rope breakage; in strong winds, the trees lifted by the crane will be subjected to significant wind force, causing swaying and swinging, which can easily lead to wire rope breakage.

[0003] When a steel wire rope breaks, it may cause trees to fall and be damaged. At the same time, the falling tree may also hit other trees around it, causing damage to the branches and leaves, bending or breaking the trunks. It may also cause damage to equipment, injuries or fatalities. Therefore, in order to address the above problems, a large tree felling crane with a fall protection mechanism is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism includes a vehicle body and a turntable. The turntable is rotatably connected to the top of the vehicle body, and a boom is rotatably connected to the top of the turntable. A first fixed seat is fixedly connected to the end of the boom, and a second fixed seat is fixedly connected to one end of the first fixed seat. A first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are rotatably connected to the inner sides of the first and second fixed seats, respectively. A first guide rail is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable, and a winch is slidably connected to the outer side of the first guide rail. The winch includes a main wire rope that passes over the first guide wheel. A hook is suspended on the side, and a spare frame is rotatably connected to the outer side of the hook. An adjustment mechanism is provided at the top of the winch, and a reel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the adjustment mechanism. A spare wire rope is wound on the outer side of the reel. The spare wire rope passes over a second guide wheel and is fixedly connected to the spare frame. An anti-instability mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of the winch. A placement frame is slidably connected above the anti-instability mechanism. A counterweight is placed inside the placement frame. A first toothed ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the reel. A second toothed ring is engaged at one end of the first toothed ring, and the second toothed ring is fixedly connected to the drum of the winch.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the placement frame is fixedly connected to a guide shell, the inner side of the guide shell is slidably connected to a second guide rail, and the second guide rail is fixedly connected to an anti-instability mechanism. The end of the rotating shaft of the roller is fixedly connected to a limit shaft, and the limit shaft is rotatably connected to an adjustment mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-instability mechanism includes a hydraulic tank fixedly connected to the turntable, and the hydraulic tank is fixedly connected to one end of the emergency protection mechanism. A first hydraulic rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the hydraulic tank. A hydraulic plate is fixedly connected to one end of the first hydraulic rod. Sealing rings are fixedly connected around the hydraulic plate, and the hydraulic plate is slidably connected to the hydraulic tank through the sealing rings. A first spring is provided on the outer side of the first hydraulic rod, and the two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the hydraulic plate and the hydraulic tank, respectively. One end of the hydraulic tank is connected to a first hydraulic pipe arranged in a "U" shape. A second hydraulic rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the other end of the first hydraulic pipe, and the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the placement frame. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the first hydraulic rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the base of the winch. A compensation component is connected to the top end of the first hydraulic pipe, and a limit component is fixedly connected to the top end of the first hydraulic rod.

[0009] Preferably, a pressure sensor is connected to the top end of the first hydraulic pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the compensation component includes a second hydraulic pipe connected to the first hydraulic pipe, a second spring fixedly connected to the inner side of the second hydraulic pipe, a piston head fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second spring, and the piston head slidably connected to the second hydraulic pipe, and a solenoid valve connected to the outer side of the second hydraulic pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting component includes a first electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to a first hydraulic pipe, a limiting plate fixedly connected to one end of the first electric telescopic rod, a first limiting pin fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting plate, a fixing plate inserted into the bottom end of the first limiting pin, and the fixing plate fixedly connected to the placement frame.

[0012] Preferably, the emergency protection mechanism includes a support plate fixedly connected to a hydraulic tank, a first servo motor fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, a first fixing block fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the first servo motor, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block, a second fixing block fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a screw fixedly connected to one end of the second fixing block, and the screw is spirally connected to the placement frame.

[0013] Preferably, the first fixing block and the second fixing block are rotatably connected by a connecting rod, and the adjacent connecting rods are arranged in a parallelogram.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a support frame fixedly connected to the winch. The support frame is rotatably connected to the reel and the limiting shaft. A second servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame. A power roller is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the second servo motor. The power roller is rotatably connected to the support frame. A slider is slidably connected to one end of the support frame. A driven roller is rotatably connected to one end of the slider. A third spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slider and is fixedly connected to the support frame. A limit switch is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame and is positioned above the slider. A spare wire rope passes between the power roller and the driven roller. A locking component is provided at one end of the support frame.

[0015] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a second electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the support frame. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the second electric telescopic rod. A guide rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame. A horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rod. A second limiting pin is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the horizontal plate and is inserted into the turntable. A ratchet ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide rod. A ratchet wheel adapted to the ratchet ring is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. A large tree felling crane with a fall protection mechanism, which, through the setting of a spare wire rope and an anti-instability mechanism, when the main wire rope breaks during the lifting of a tree, the spare wire rope is quickly activated and works with the spare frame to hold the hook and the tree, effectively preventing it from falling and avoiding damage to surrounding trees and equipment or causing personal injury accidents due to the falling tree.

[0018] Once the backup wire rope is put into use, the anti-instability mechanism immediately comes into play. On the one hand, it can buffer the impact force generated by the falling tree on the crane body, preventing the crane body from becoming unstable and overturning due to excessive impact force. On the other hand, during the buffering process, the anti-instability mechanism will simultaneously adjust the position of the counterweight, causing the overall center of gravity of the crane body to shift away from the hook, actively balancing the overturning moment, further enhancing the stability of the crane body and preventing overturning. This design works synergistically in terms of fall prevention, impact resistance, and center of gravity stabilization, significantly reducing the risk of crane body instability and ensuring operational safety.

[0019] 2. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism. Through its emergency protection mechanism, when the hydraulic system of the anti-instability mechanism fails, the emergency protection mechanism immediately activates, rapidly adjusting the position of the counterweight through mechanical linkage to counteract the overturning moment in real time, ensuring the stability of the crane body. This design, with its dual protection mechanism (main and backup), effectively prevents the crane body from becoming unstable and overturning even in the event of hydraulic system malfunction.

[0020] 3. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism, which, through an adjustable mechanism, automatically maintains the slack state of the spare wire rope during normal operation to ensure that it is not affected by tree loads; in an emergency, it simultaneously triggers a triple linkage: locking the reel, releasing the limit on the winch so that the winch can slide along the first guide rail, and driving the anti-instability mechanism to work in coordination through the movement of the winch, ensuring a seamless connection from the activation of the spare wire rope to the intervention of the anti-instability mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fixing plate of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic tank of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the guide shell of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an emergency protection mechanism for a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second spring of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This invention relates to a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ratchet ring of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the winch of a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Anti-instability mechanism; 101. Hydraulic tank; 102. Hydraulic plate; 103. Sealing ring; 104. First hydraulic rod; 105. First spring; 106. Connecting rod; 107. First hydraulic pipe; 108. Second hydraulic rod; 109. Pressure sensor; 110. Second hydraulic pipe; 111. Second spring; 112. Piston head; 113. First electric telescopic rod; 114. Limiting plate; 115. First limiting pin; 116. Fixing plate; 117. Solenoid valve;

[0033] 2. Emergency protection mechanism; 201. Support plate; 202. First servo motor; 203. First fixing block; 204. Second fixing block; 205. Connecting rod; 206. Hydraulic cylinder; 207. Screw;

[0034] 3. Adjustment mechanism; 301. Support frame; 302. Second servo motor; 303. Power roller; 304. Driven roller; 305. Slider; 306. Limit switch; 307. Third spring; 308. Second electric telescopic rod; 309. Connecting frame; 310. Guide rod; 311. Ratchet; 312. Horizontal plate; 313. Second limit pin; 314. Ratchet;

[0035] 4. Car body; 5. Turntable; 6. Boom; 7. Hook; 8. Guide shell; 9. First guide rail; 10. Winch; 1001. Main wire rope; 11. Second guide rail; 12. Reel; 13. Spare wire rope; 14. First toothed ring; 15. Second toothed ring; 16. Limiting shaft; 17. Placement frame; 18. Counterweight; 19. Spare frame; 22. First fixed seat; 23. Second fixed seat; 24. First guide wheel; 25. Second guide wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. It is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention easier to understand, it should be noted in the description of this invention that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figures 1-10As shown, a large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism includes a car body 4 and a turntable 5. The turntable 5 is rotatably connected to the top of the car body 4. The rotatable connection between the car body 4 and the turntable 5 adopts a general slewing mechanism for engineering machinery. The bearing selection and drive method follow the current crane design specifications, which will not be described in detail here. A boom 6 is rotatably connected to the top of the turntable 5. A first fixed seat 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the boom 6. A second fixed seat 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the first fixed seat 22. A first guide is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first fixed seat 22 and the second fixed seat 23, respectively. The turntable 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable 5 via the guide wheel 24 and the second guide wheel 25. A first guide rail 9 is slidably connected to the outer side of the first guide rail 9. The winch 10 is a standard purchased component and will not be described in detail here. A groove adapted to the first guide rail 9 is provided at the bottom of the winch 10. The winch 10 includes a main wire rope 1001, which passes over the first guide wheel 24. A hook 7 is suspended from the outer side of the main wire rope 1001. Normally, when lifting trees via the hook 7, the winch 10 pulls the hook 7 through the main wire rope 1001. The outer side of the hook 7 is rotatably connected to... There is a spare frame 19. An adjustment mechanism 3 is installed at the top of the winch 10. A reel 12 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the adjustment mechanism 3. A spare wire rope 13 is wound on the outer side of the reel 12. The spare wire rope 13 passes over the second guide wheel 25 and is fixedly connected to the spare frame 19. When the main wire rope 1001 pulls the hook 7, the spare wire rope 13 is in a slack state to ensure it is not affected by the load of the tree. An anti-instability mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the winch 10. A placement frame 17 is slidably connected above the anti-instability mechanism 1. A counterweight 18 is placed inside the placement frame 17. One end of the reel 12... A first toothed ring 14 is fixedly connected to the outside, and a second toothed ring 15 is engaged at one end of the first toothed ring 14. The second toothed ring 15 is fixedly connected to the drum of the winch 10. When the winch 10 drives the second toothed ring 15 to rotate through its own drum, the second toothed ring 15 engages with the first toothed ring 14 to drive the reel 12 to rotate in the opposite direction. This mechanism adopts a differentiated winding design: the spare wire rope 13 is wound from above the reel 12, while the main wire rope 1001 is wound from below the drum of the winch 10, so that the spare wire rope 13 and the main wire rope 1001 are wound synchronously and independently without interfering with each other.

[0040] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a guide shell 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the placement frame 17. A second guide rail 11 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide shell 8, and the second guide rail 11 is fixedly connected to the anti-instability mechanism 1. The cooperation structure between the guide shell 8 and the second guide rail 11 ensures that the placement frame 17 drives the counterweight 18 to move smoothly along the set trajectory. This design significantly improves the load-bearing rigidity and running stability of the system by increasing the guide contact area. A limit shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the roller 12, and the limit shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the adjustment mechanism 3.

[0041] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes a support frame 301 fixedly connected to the winch 10. The support frame 301 is rotatably connected to the reel 12 and the limiting shaft 16. A second servo motor 302 is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame 301. A power roller 303 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the second servo motor 302. The power roller 303 is rotatably connected to the support frame 301. A slider 305 is slidably connected to one end of the support frame 301. A driven roller 304 is rotatably connected to one end of the slider 305. A third spring 307 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slider 305 and is fixedly connected to the support frame 301. The third spring 307 provides elastic support for the slider 305, ensuring that the driven roller 304 always keeps in close contact with the spare wire rope 13. Under the combined limiting action of the power roller 303 and the driven roller 304, the spare wire rope 13 between the reel 12 and the power roller 303 remains horizontal, thereby ensuring that the spare wire rope 13 can be level. The winch 10 moves horizontally. One end of the support frame 301 is fixedly connected to a limit switch 306, which is located above the slider 305. The spare wire rope 13 passes between the power roller 303 and the driven roller 304. One end of the support frame 301 is equipped with a locking component. During normal operation of the large tree felling crane, the main wire rope 1001 undertakes the main lifting task. At this time, the spare wire rope 13 is in a slack state. When the winch 10 lowers the main wire rope 1001, the second servo motor 302 drives the power roller 303 to rotate clockwise. The power roller 303 and the driven roller 304 cooperate to drive the spare wire rope 13 to move assistedly. In this way, the spare wire rope 13 between the power roller 303 and the spare frame 19 always remains slack, while the spare wire rope 13 outside the reel 12 is in a taut state, effectively preventing the spare wire rope 13 from becoming loose and messy outside the reel 12.

[0042] When the main wire rope 1001 needs to be retracted, the second servo motor 302 stops working. Since the motor has a self-locking function, the power roller 303 stops rotating. During the process of the reel 12 winding the spare wire rope 13, the spare wire rope 13 will be neatly tightened on the outside of the reel 12 under the combined action of the power roller 303 and the driven roller 304.

[0043] Once the main wire rope 1001 breaks, the spare wire rope 13 will immediately tighten and start working. At this time, the spare wire rope 13 will drive the slider 305 to slide upward along the support frame 301 with the help of the driven roller 304. When the slider 305 touches the limit switch 306, the limit switch 306 will be triggered immediately, controlling the second electric telescopic rod 308 and the first electric telescopic rod 113 to start working at the same time.

[0044] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the locking assembly includes a second electric telescopic rod 308 fixedly connected to the support frame 301. A connecting frame 309 is fixedly connected to the top of the second electric telescopic rod 308. A guide rod 310 is slidably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame 309. A horizontal plate 312 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide rod 310. A second limiting pin 313 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal plate 312, and the second limiting pin 313 is inserted into the turntable 5. A ratchet ring 311 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod 310. A ratchet wheel 314 adapted to the ratchet ring 311 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting shaft 16. An insertion hole adapted to the second limiting pin 313 is specially opened on the surface of the turntable 5. When the main wire rope 1001 is working normally, the second limiting pin 313 is precisely inserted into the insertion hole on the surface of the turntable 5, providing a stable limit for the winch 10 and ensuring that it remains stationary during normal operation and does not undergo unnecessary displacement.

[0045] When the limit switch 306 is triggered, it means that the main wire rope 1001 may be in an abnormal situation and the backup wire rope 13 is about to come into play. At this time, the second electric telescopic rod 308 moves quickly, and through the connecting frame 309 and the guide rod 310, it drives the ratchet ring 311 to engage tightly with the ratchet wheel 314. This action effectively locks the ratchet wheel 314, the limit shaft 16 and the reel 12, stopping them from rotating and ensuring the stability of the backup wire rope 13 in subsequent work.

[0046] At the same time, the second limit pin 313 disengages from the socket of the turntable 5, releasing the fixed restriction on the winch 10. In this way, the spare wire rope 13 can be linked through the spare frame 19, the reel 12 and the support frame 301 to drive the winch 10 to slide smoothly along the first guide rail 9, so that the spare wire rope 13 can undertake the hoisting task in a timely and effective manner, ensuring the safety and continuity of the entire operation process.

[0047] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the anti-instability mechanism 1 includes a hydraulic tank 101 fixedly connected to the turntable 5, and the hydraulic tank 101 is fixedly connected to one end of the emergency protection mechanism 2. The size of the hydraulic tank 101 can be designed according to actual design requirements. For example, the hydraulic tank 101 is 2m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.5m high. A first hydraulic rod 104 is slidably connected to the inner side of the hydraulic tank 101. A hydraulic plate 102 is fixedly connected to one end of the first hydraulic rod 104. A sealing ring 103 is fixedly connected around the hydraulic plate 102, and the hydraulic plate 102 is connected to the hydraulic tank 101 through the sealing ring 103. 01. A sliding connection is established. A first spring 105 is provided on the outer side of the first hydraulic rod 104, and both ends of the first spring 105 are fixedly connected to the hydraulic plate 102 and the hydraulic tank 101, respectively. One end of the hydraulic tank 101 is connected to a first hydraulic pipe 107 arranged in a "U" shape. A second hydraulic rod 108 is slidably connected to the inner side of the other end of the first hydraulic pipe 107, and the second hydraulic rod 108 is fixedly connected to the placement frame 17. The inner sides of the hydraulic tank 101 and the first hydraulic pipe 107 are filled with hydraulic oil. A connecting rod 106 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first hydraulic rod 104. Rod 106 is fixedly connected to the base of winch 10. A compensation component is connected to the top of the first hydraulic pipe 107, and a limit component is fixedly connected to the top of the first hydraulic rod 104. To ensure that the counterweight 18 can quickly move to a designated position to counteract the overturning moment in real time when the hydraulic plate 102 moves a short distance after the main wire rope 1001 breaks, the diameters of the first hydraulic pipe 107 and the second hydraulic rod 108 need to be selected and designed according to the dimensions of the hydraulic tank 101. The following assumes the hydraulic tank 101 has dimensions of 2m in length, 1.5m in width, and 0.5m in height, and the hydraulic plate 102... Taking a 10cm movement of the counterweight 18 and a displacement ratio of 1:15 (hydraulic plate 102d1: counterweight 18d2) as an example, a brief explanation is as follows: According to Pascal's principle, the area A1 of hydraulic plate 102 and the end area A2 of the second hydraulic rod 108 must satisfy: A1 / A2=d2 / d1=15; the area of ​​hydraulic plate 102 is: A1=1.5m*0.1m (moving distance)=0.15㎡; the end area of ​​the second hydraulic rod 108 is: A2=A1 / 15=0.01㎡; from the above, the diameter of the second hydraulic rod 108 is D=2. ≈0.113m=11.3cm, so the diameter of the second hydraulic rod 108 is 11.3cm, and the stroke is ≥1.6m (leaving a margin). At the same time, the inner diameter of the first hydraulic pipe 107 is 11.3cm.

[0048] When the main wire rope 1001 breaks and the spare wire rope 13 is put into operation, the spare wire rope 13 will pull the connecting rod 106 through the drum 12, the adjusting mechanism 3 and the winch 10. Then, the connecting rod 106 drives the first hydraulic rod 104, which in turn moves the hydraulic plate 102. During the movement, the hydraulic plate 102 squeezes the hydraulic oil and the first spring 105. On the other hand, the squeezed hydraulic oil pushes the second hydraulic rod 108 through the first hydraulic pipe 107. During this process, the hydraulic oil, the first spring 105, the second hydraulic rod 108 and the connecting rod 106 work together to buffer the winch 10 and the spare wire rope 13. This buffering mechanism can effectively reduce the impact force on the crane body 4 caused by the falling tree, avoid the crane body 4 from becoming unstable and overturning due to excessive impact force, and reduce the risk of the spare wire rope 13 breaking.

[0049] At the same time, the second hydraulic rod 108 pushes the placement frame 17 and the counterweight 18 to move away from the hook 7. When the hydraulic plate 102 moves 10cm, the placement frame 17 and the counterweight 18 will drive the guide shell 8 to move 1.5m along the second guide rail 11, quickly reaching the designated position, and offsetting the overturning moment caused by the falling tree and the force on the spare wire rope 13 in real time, ensuring the stability of the crane in emergency situations.

[0050] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the compensation component includes a second hydraulic pipe 110 connected to the first hydraulic pipe 107. Two one-way valves with different working directions are installed at the top of the second hydraulic pipe 110 to ensure normal air supply and venting of the second hydraulic pipe 110. A second spring 111 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second hydraulic pipe 110, and a piston head 112 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second spring 111. The piston head 112 is slidably connected to the second hydraulic pipe 110. A solenoid valve 117 is connected to the outer side of the second hydraulic pipe 110. When the placement frame 17 and the counterweight 18 reach the designated position, the solenoid valve 117 opens. As the hydraulic plate 102 continues to move, the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic pipe 107 flows into the second hydraulic pipe 110. The hydraulic oil pushes the piston head 112 to move upward along the second hydraulic pipe 110, while compressing the second spring 111. At this time, the second spring 111 and the piston head 112 work together to further exert a buffering effect.

[0051] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the limiting assembly includes a first electric telescopic rod 113 fixedly connected to the first hydraulic pipe 107. One end of the first electric telescopic rod 113 is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 114. The bottom end of the limiting plate 114 is fixedly connected to a first limiting pin 115. The bottom end of the first limiting pin 115 is inserted into a fixing plate 116, and the fixing plate 116 is fixedly connected to the placement frame 17. During normal operation of the main steel wire rope 1001 or during the movement of the vehicle body 4, the first limiting pin 115 is engaged with the fixing plate 116. The fixing plate 116 is used to limit and fix the placement frame 17 and the counterweight 18, ensuring that the two will not move at will and maintaining the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0052] When the spare wire rope 13 is tensioned and put into operation, the limit switch 306 responds immediately, controlling the first electric telescopic rod 113 to drive the limit plate 114 and the first limit pin 115 to move upward. The first limit pin 115 separates from the fixed plate 116, releasing the limit constraint on the placement frame 17 and allowing it to enter a movable state so that it can play a corresponding balancing and buffering role in subsequent operations.

[0053] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, a pressure sensor 109 is connected to the top of the first hydraulic pipe 107. The working pressure range of the pressure sensor 109 is designed according to actual working requirements. For example, the working pressure range of the pressure sensor 109 is set according to actual working conditions. When the oil pressure in the first hydraulic pipe 107 is detected to be lower than the preset threshold (default 5 bar, adjustable range 3-10 bar), the system determines that the hydraulic system has failed and triggers the emergency protection mechanism 2 to intervene. The pressure threshold can be adjusted in real time through the HMI interface to adapt to different working conditions.

[0054] As a further improvement to the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the emergency protection mechanism 2 includes a support plate 201 fixedly connected to a hydraulic tank 101. A first servo motor 202 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 201. A first fixing block 203 is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle of the first servo motor 202. A hydraulic cylinder 206 is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block 203. A second fixing block 204 is fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 206. A screw 207 is fixedly connected to one end of the second fixing block 204, and the screw 207 is screwed to the placement frame 17. The first fixing block 203 and the second fixing block 204 are rotatably connected. There is a connecting rod 205, and the adjacent connecting rods 205 are arranged in a parallelogram. The hinge gap between the connecting rod 205 and the first fixed block 203 and the second fixed block 204 is ≤0.1mm. When the hydraulic system is working normally, the anti-instability mechanism 1 pushes the placement frame 17 to move through the second hydraulic rod 108. At the same time, the placement frame 17 is linked through the screw 207 and the second fixed block 204, so that the second fixed block 204 drives the adjacent connecting rod 205 to rotate around the first fixed block 203 and the second fixed block 204, ensuring that the movement of the connecting rod 205 does not affect the normal displacement of the screw 207 and the placement frame 17.

[0055] When the hydraulic system fails, the pressure sensor 109 triggers the external control system to start the first servo motor 202, which drives the first fixed block 203, the connecting rod 205 and the second fixed block 204 to work together, so that the screw 207 can rotate inside the placement frame 17 and quickly push the placement frame 17 and the counterweight 18 to the designated position.

[0056] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism, comprising a vehicle body (4) and a turntable (5), characterized in that: A turntable (5) is rotatably connected to the top of the vehicle body (4). A boom (6) is rotatably connected to the top of the turntable (5). A first fixed seat (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the boom (6). A second fixed seat (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the first fixed seat (22). A first guide wheel (24) and a second guide wheel (25) are rotatably connected to the inner sides of the first fixed seat (22) and the second fixed seat (23), respectively. A first guide rail (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable (5). A winch (10) is slidably connected to the outer side of the first guide rail (9). The winch (10) includes a main wire rope (1001), and the main wire rope (1001) passes over the first guide wheel (24). A hook (7) is suspended on the outer side of the main wire rope (1001). A spare frame (19) is rotatably connected. An adjustment mechanism (3) is provided at the top of the winch (10). A reel (12) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the adjustment mechanism (3). A spare wire rope (13) is wound on the outer side of the reel (12). The spare wire rope (13) passes over the second guide wheel (25) and is fixedly connected to the spare frame (19). An anti-instability mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the winch (10). A placement frame (17) is slidably connected above the anti-instability mechanism (1). A counterweight (18) is placed on the inner side of the placement frame (17). A first toothed ring (14) is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the reel (12). A second toothed ring (15) is engaged at one end of the first toothed ring (14), and the second toothed ring (15) is fixedly connected to the drum of the winch (10).

2. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the placement frame (17) is fixedly connected to a guide shell (8), and the inner side of the guide shell (8) is slidably connected to a second guide rail (11). The second guide rail (11) is fixedly connected to the anti-instability mechanism (1). The end of the rotating shaft of the roller (12) is fixedly connected to a limit shaft (16), and the limit shaft (16) is rotatably connected to the adjustment mechanism (3).

3. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-instability mechanism (1) includes a hydraulic tank (101) fixedly connected to the turntable (5), and the hydraulic tank (101) is fixedly connected to one end of the emergency protection mechanism (2). A first hydraulic rod (104) is slidably connected to the inner side of the hydraulic tank (101). A hydraulic plate (102) is fixedly connected to one end of the first hydraulic rod (104). A sealing ring (103) is fixedly connected around the hydraulic plate (102), and the hydraulic plate (102) is slidably connected to the hydraulic tank (101) through the sealing ring (103). A first spring (105) is provided on the outer side of the first hydraulic rod (104), and the two ends of the first spring (105) are... The hydraulic cylinder (104) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic plate (102) and the hydraulic tank (101). One end of the hydraulic tank (101) is connected to a first hydraulic pipe (107) arranged in a "U" shape. The other end of the first hydraulic pipe (107) is slidably connected to a second hydraulic rod (108), and the second hydraulic rod (108) is fixedly connected to the placement frame (17). The other end of the first hydraulic rod (104) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (106), and the connecting rod (106) is fixedly connected to the base of the winch (10). The top end of the first hydraulic pipe (107) is connected to a compensation component, and the top end of the first hydraulic rod (104) is fixedly connected to a limit component.

4. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the first hydraulic pipe (107) is connected to a pressure sensor (109).

5. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compensation component includes a second hydraulic pipe (110) connected to the first hydraulic pipe (107), a second spring (111) fixedly connected to the inner side of the second hydraulic pipe (110), a piston head (112) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second spring (111), and the piston head (112) slidably connected to the second hydraulic pipe (110). A solenoid valve (117) is connected to the outer side of the second hydraulic pipe (110).

6. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a first electric telescopic rod (113) fixedly connected to a first hydraulic pipe (107). One end of the first electric telescopic rod (113) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (114). The bottom end of the limiting plate (114) is fixedly connected to a first limiting pin (115). The bottom end of the first limiting pin (115) is inserted into a fixing plate (116), and the fixing plate (116) is fixedly connected to the placement frame (17).

7. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The emergency protection mechanism (2) includes a support plate (201) fixedly connected to a hydraulic tank (101). A first servo motor (202) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (201). A first fixing block (203) is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle of the first servo motor (202). A hydraulic cylinder (206) is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block (203). A second fixing block (204) is fixedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (206). A screw (207) is fixedly connected to one end of the second fixing block (204), and the screw (207) is spirally connected to the placement frame (17).

8. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting rod (205) is rotatably connected between the first fixing block (203) and the second fixing block (204), and the adjacent connecting rods (205) are arranged in a parallelogram.

9. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (3) includes a support frame (301) fixedly connected to the winch (10). The support frame (301) is rotatably connected to the reel (12) and the limiting shaft (16). A second servo motor (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame (301). A power roller (303) is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the second servo motor (302). The power roller (303) is rotatably connected to the support frame (301). A slider (305) is slidably connected to one end of the support frame (301). One end of the block (305) is rotatably connected to a driven roller (304), the bottom end of the slider (305) is fixedly connected to a third spring (307), and the third spring (307) is fixedly connected to a support frame (301). One end of the support frame (301) is fixedly connected to a limit switch (306), and the limit switch (306) is located above the slider (305). The spare wire rope (13) passes between the power roller (303) and the driven roller (304), and one end of the support frame (301) is provided with a locking component.

10. A large tree-felling crane with a fall protection mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a second electric telescopic rod (308) fixedly connected to the support frame (301). A connecting frame (309) is fixedly connected to the top of the second electric telescopic rod (308). A guide rod (310) is slidably connected to the inner side of the connecting frame (309). A horizontal plate (312) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide rod (310). A second limiting pin (313) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal plate (312). The second limiting pin (313) is inserted into the turntable (5). A ratchet ring (311) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod (310). A ratchet wheel (314) adapted to the ratchet ring (311) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting shaft (16).

Images