A perforated array evaporation device that rotates with the wind without power
By using a perforated array evaporator that rotates with the wind without power, and by employing lightweight, breathable, and corrosion-resistant materials and a through-hole perforated array, combined with a solar energy absorption coating, the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor adaptability of evaporators are solved, thus achieving efficient and low-cost water treatment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing evaporation devices have low evaporation efficiency, high energy consumption, poor adaptability, and inconvenient maintenance. They also have short service life, especially in outdoor scenarios where there is a lack of external power supply and in corrosive water environments.
Design a perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind without power. The evaporator body and water collection components are made of lightweight, breathable and corrosion-resistant materials. Combined with a through-hole perforated array and a solar absorption coating, the device is driven by natural wind power to achieve airflow exchange and water evaporation. An integrated water replenishment component ensures stability.
It achieves a 30% to 70% increase in high-efficiency evaporation, reduces energy consumption, extends service life, is highly adaptable, is suitable for various water treatment scenarios, and reduces operation and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122102254A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of evaporation separation equipment, specifically relating to a perforated array evaporation device that rotates continuously with the wind. It is suitable for various scenarios such as seawater desalination, sewage concentration treatment, industrial wastewater evaporation and recovery, and agricultural irrigation water purification, and is especially suitable for outdoor environments where there is a lack of external power supply. Background Technology
[0002] Water scarcity and water pollution have become significant factors restricting the sustainable development of the global economy and society. Evaporation separation technology, as a simple and efficient water treatment method, is widely used in seawater desalination, sewage concentration, and wastewater recycling. Traditional evaporation devices mostly adopt a fixed structure design, relying mainly on solar energy or external power (such as fans or water pumps) to drive airflow and achieve water evaporation, which has many shortcomings.
[0003] On the one hand, fixed-structure evaporation devices have limited evaporation surface area, resulting in slow airflow exchange, low water evaporation efficiency, and a tendency for scale and impurities to accumulate on the surface, leading to a continuous decline in evaporation efficiency and requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance, thus increasing operating costs. Simultaneously, the relatively static state of water and air in a fixed structure creates a significant boundary layer effect, hindering the rapid diffusion of water vapor into the environment and further inhibiting the evaporation rate. During long-term operation, the crystallization and accumulation of impurities such as salts and suspended solids on the evaporation surface can also clog pores and damage the material structure, significantly shortening the device's lifespan and increasing maintenance costs and equipment replacement frequency.
[0004] On the other hand, most existing evaporation devices rely on external power or are driven solely by solar energy, making them poorly adaptable to outdoor scenarios lacking power supply and consuming a lot of energy, which does not align with the concept of green and low-carbon development. Evaporation devices that rely on external power sources such as fans and pumps have operating costs directly linked to energy consumption, resulting in high electricity consumption in large-scale wastewater treatment scenarios, making it difficult to achieve low-cost, large-scale applications. On the other hand, devices driven solely by solar energy are greatly affected by factors such as day-night cycles and weather changes, resulting in drastic fluctuations in evaporation efficiency and making it impossible to achieve continuous and stable operation, thus failing to meet the continuous processing needs of industrial scenarios.
[0005] In recent years, some studies have attempted to improve evaporation efficiency using wind-driven rotating structures. However, these devices often lack a reasonable perforated structure, failing to fully utilize airflow to enhance evaporation. Furthermore, their rotational stability is poor, making them susceptible to wind fluctuations and resulting in unstable evaporation effects. Simultaneously, existing perforated evaporation devices are mostly fixed structures, unable to rotate with the wind, limiting the contact area between the airflow and water, thus hindering further improvements in evaporation efficiency. In addition, the water collection structure design of existing evaporation devices is flawed, leading to easy loss of water vapor, low condensation collection efficiency, and poor overall corrosion resistance, resulting in a short service life in corrosive water treatment scenarios such as seawater and industrial wastewater.
[0006] In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide an evaporation device that requires no external power, has high evaporation efficiency, simple structure, convenient maintenance, and strong adaptability, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the current field of evaporation separation technology. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing evaporation devices, such as low evaporation efficiency, high energy consumption, poor adaptability, and inconvenient maintenance. It provides a perforated array evaporation device that rotates continuously with the wind. Through the synergistic effect of rotating with the wind and the perforated array, airflow exchange and water evaporation are enhanced. It requires no external power, has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is suitable for various scenarios.
[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A perforated array evaporator (1) that rotates continuously with the wind without power includes a support component (2), an evaporator body (3) that can rotate around the support component (2), and a water collection component (4). The evaporator body (3) is made of a lightweight, breathable, and corrosion-resistant material, and its surface is uniformly distributed with a through-type perforated array (31). The evaporator body (3) can rotate freely around the support component (2) under the action of natural wind. The water collection component (4) is set below the evaporator body (3) and is used to collect the condensate and waste liquid generated by evaporation on the surface of the evaporator body (3). The support component (2) includes a support column (21) and a rotating bearing (22). The rotating bearing (22) is embedded in the top of the support column (21), and the evaporator body (3) is fixedly connected to the rotating bearing (22) to realize the rotation with the wind without power.
[0009] Furthermore, the aperture of the perforated array (31) is 0.5 cm to 2 cm, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent perforations is 0.5 cm to 2 cm, the perforated array (31) is uniformly distributed in a regular hexagon or square shape, and the perforation rate is 15% to 40%. This design can ensure the structural strength of the evaporation body (3), maximize the evaporation surface area, and promote the rapid flow of air through the perforations, thereby accelerating water evaporation and water vapor diffusion.
[0010] Furthermore, the evaporation body (3) is columnar, disc-shaped, or polyhedral, preferably columnar, and its surface is provided with a hydrophobic coating (33). The columnar structure facilitates rotation with the wind, and the hydrophobic coating (33) can reduce the adhesion of water to the surface of the evaporation body (3), avoid the accumulation of impurities, and at the same time accelerate the sliding of excess water, ensuring the uniformity of the evaporation surface.
[0011] Furthermore, the material of the evaporation body (3) is selected from at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, carbon fiber composite material or ceramic fiber, preferably a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and carbon fiber composite material, which has the advantages of being lightweight, breathable, corrosion resistant and high strength, and is suitable for long-term use in corrosive environments such as seawater and industrial wastewater.
[0012] Furthermore, the water collection assembly (4) includes a condensation tank (41), a guide plate (42), and a storage tank (43). The guide plate (42) is inclinedly disposed inside the condensation tank (41), and the bottom end of the guide plate (42) is connected to the storage tank (43). The inner wall of the condensation tank (41) is provided with a heat insulation layer (44). The heat insulation layer (44) can reduce the temperature loss in the condensation tank (41) and improve the water vapor condensation efficiency. The guide plate (42) facilitates the rapid collection of condensate into the storage tank (43) and avoids water accumulation.
[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes a water replenishment component (5), which includes a storage tank (51), a delivery pipe (52), and a spray head (53). The spray head (53) is positioned facing the evaporation body (3) and is used to uniformly spray the water to be evaporated onto the surface of the evaporation body (3). The water replenishment component (5) can continuously replenish the water to be evaporated, ensuring the stability of the evaporation process. The design of the spray head (53) allows the water to uniformly cover the surface of the evaporation body (3), avoiding localized drying that could affect the evaporation efficiency.
[0014] Furthermore, the height of the support column (21) is adjustable, and a fixed base (23) is provided at the bottom of the support column (21) for fixing the device to the ground or installation platform. The height-adjustable support column (21) is easy to adapt to different ventilation environments and installation scenarios, and the fixed base (23) can improve the stability of the device and prevent the device from tipping over due to excessive wind force.
[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the evaporation body (3) is also provided with a solar energy absorption coating (34), which covers the gaps in the perforated array (31) and is used to absorb solar energy to assist water evaporation. The solar energy absorption coating (34) can make full use of solar energy to increase the surface temperature of the evaporation body (3), further accelerate water evaporation, realize the synergistic utilization of wind energy and solar energy, and improve evaporation efficiency.
[0016] Furthermore, the rotating bearing (22) is a sealed ball bearing with grease inside to reduce rotational friction, improve rotational flexibility, and prevent dust and water from entering the bearing, thus extending the bearing's service life.
[0017] The present invention also provides an evaporation method based on the above-described apparatus, comprising the following steps: (a) Fix the device in the designated position by means of the fixed base (23), adjust the height of the support column (21) so that the evaporation body (3) is at a suitable ventilation height, and ensure that the natural wind energy is smoothly applied to the evaporation body (3). (b) Spray the water to be evaporated onto the surface of the evaporation body (3) through the water replenishment component (5) so that the water covers the surface of the evaporation body (3) and penetrates into the perforated array (31). Control the thickness of the water coverage to be 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm to avoid excessive water causing it to slide off too quickly or insufficient water causing local drying. (c) Natural wind acts on the evaporation body (3), causing the evaporation body (3) to rotate at a constant speed around the support component (2). The rotation speed is adaptively adjusted according to the wind force. The water on the surface of the evaporation body (3) comes into full contact with the air during the rotation. Airflow is achieved through the perforated array (31), which accelerates the evaporation of water. At the same time, impurities can be avoided from accumulating on the surface of the evaporation body (3) during the rotation. (d) During the rising process of the water vapor generated by evaporation, it comes into contact with the condensation tank (41) of the water collection component (4). Since the temperature of the inner wall of the condensation tank (41) is lower than the temperature of the water vapor, the water vapor condenses to form liquid water. The liquid water is guided along the inclined guide plate (42) to the storage tank (43) to complete the collection. (e) Continuously replenish the water to be evaporated through the water replenishment component (5) to maintain the water coverage thickness on the surface of the evaporation body (3) and achieve continuous and stable evaporation. Regularly clean the condensate in the storage tank (43) and a small amount of impurities on the surface of the evaporation body (3) to ensure long-term stable operation of the device.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) No external power is required. The evaporator is driven to rotate by natural wind energy, resulting in extremely low energy consumption. It is suitable for outdoor scenarios where there is a lack of power supply and is in line with the concept of green and low-carbon development. At the same time, the rotation process can prevent impurities from accumulating on the surface of the evaporator, reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance and lowering operating costs.
[0019] 2) The surface of the evaporator body is equipped with a through-hole array. Combined with the movement state of rotating with the wind, the evaporation surface area and airflow exchange efficiency are greatly increased. The airflow can pass through the evaporator body quickly through the perforations, accelerating water evaporation and water vapor diffusion. The evaporation efficiency is 30% to 70% higher than that of traditional fixed evaporation devices.
[0020] 3) The evaporator body is made of lightweight, breathable and corrosion-resistant materials, with a hydrophobic coating. It not only has a long service life, but also avoids water adhesion and impurity accumulation. It is suitable for the treatment of corrosive water bodies such as seawater and industrial wastewater, and has strong adaptability.
[0021] 4) The device has a simple structure, small size, and easy installation. The height of the support column is adjustable, and the shape of the evaporator body can be flexibly designed according to the actual scenario. It is suitable for various scenarios such as seawater desalination, sewage concentration, and wastewater recycling, and has strong practicality.
[0022] 5) The solar energy absorption coating can achieve the synergistic utilization of wind and solar energy, further improving evaporation efficiency. It is especially suitable for outdoor scenarios with sufficient sunlight and moderate wind, expanding the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the perforated array evaporation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 3 A comparison chart of evaporation rates using different materials for the evaporation body provided in this embodiment of the invention.
[0026] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of evaporation rates using different perforation patterns in the evaporation body provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the evaporation rate of the evaporation device under ambient average wind speeds of 1 m / s, 2 m / s, and 3 m / s, provided for embodiments of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the evaporation rates of the evaporation device provided in this embodiment of the invention under water samples with different salt concentrations.
[0029] Explanation of main component symbols Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0031] Example 1 Device Structure Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment 1 provides a perforated array evaporator (1) that rotates continuously with the wind without power, including a support assembly (2), an evaporation body (3), and a water collection assembly (4). The support assembly (2) includes a support column (21) and a sealed ball bearing (22). The support column (21) is made of stainless steel and its height can be adjusted by a telescopic structure. A square fixed base (23) is provided at the bottom of the support column (21). The sealed ball bearing (22) is embedded in the top of the support column (21), and grease is applied to the inside of the bearing to reduce rotational friction.
[0032] The evaporation body (3) is a cylindrical structure made of polyvinylidene fluoride and carbon fiber composite material, which has the advantages of being lightweight, breathable and corrosion resistant. The surface of the evaporation body (3) is uniformly distributed with a square array of perforations (31), and the perforations are circular.
[0033] The water collection assembly (4) includes a condensation tank (41), a guide plate (42), and a storage tank (43). The condensation tank (41) is a ring structure and is arranged around the bottom of the evaporation body (3). The inner wall of the condensation tank (41) is provided with a heat insulation layer (44). The guide plate (42) is inclined inside the condensation tank (41) at an angle of 30°. The bottom end of the guide plate (42) is connected to the storage tank (43). The storage tank (43) is made of transparent plastic material. The bottom of the storage tank (43) is provided with a drain valve to facilitate the discharge of collected condensate.
[0034] The working process of the device in this embodiment is as follows: (a) Fix the device to an outdoor ventilated location using the fixed base (23), and adjust the height of the support column (21) to ensure that the evaporator (3) is in a good ventilated environment; (b) Manually spray water sample (water to be evaporated) onto the surface of the evaporation body (3) so that the water sample evenly covers the surface of the evaporation body (3); (c) Natural wind (wind speed 1–3 m / s) acts on the cylindrical evaporator (3), causing the evaporator (3) to rotate at a constant speed around the support component (2). The water film on the surface of the evaporator (3) comes into full contact with the air during the rotation. The airflow passes through the perforated array (31) quickly through the evaporator (3), accelerating water evaporation. (d) Replenish water to the surface of the evaporator (3) every 60 minutes to maintain the thickness of the water coverage. Open the drain valve of the storage tank (43) every 2 hours and rinse the surface of the evaporator (3) with clean water regularly to avoid the accumulation of a small amount of salt stains.
[0035] Example 2: Comparison of evaporation rates of different evaporation substrate materials Using the apparatus described in Example 1, only the corresponding variable parameters were adjusted, and the remaining experimental conditions were uniformly set as follows: ambient temperature 25°C, the water to be evaporated was 3.5 wt% simulated seawater (except for the salt concentration experiment), and the evaporation body (3) adopted the optimal perforation parameters. The evaporation body (3) is the core functional component of the apparatus, and its material properties directly determine the evaporation efficiency. In this embodiment, four sets of evaporation bodies (3) made of different materials were set up, and the rest of the apparatus structure was completely consistent with the experimental conditions.
[0036] Please see Figure 3 Evaporation performance tests showed that the evaporation rates of the four material groups were approximately 1.05 kg m³. - ² h - ¹、1.30 kg m - ² h - ¹、1.50 kg m - ² h - ¹、1.15 kg m - ² h - ¹. Among them, the evaporation body (3) corresponding to material 3 has the highest evaporation rate, which is significantly higher than the other three materials. This material has excellent properties of being lightweight, breathable, and corrosion resistant, and can maximize the enhancement of airflow exchange and water evaporation, making it the optimal material for the evaporation body (3).
[0037] Example 3: Comparison of evaporation rates of evaporation devices with different perforation types Using the device described in Example 1, the perforation structure of the perforated array (31) directly affects the airflow disturbance and gas-liquid mass transfer effect. In this example, three sets of perforated pore types, namely circular, triangular and square, are set, and the other perforation parameters (pore diameter, open area ratio) are completely consistent with the experimental conditions.
[0038] Please see Figure 4 Evaporation performance tests showed that the evaporation rates for the three pore types were approximately 2.50 kg m³. - ² h - ¹、2.55 kg m - ² h - ¹、2.45 kg m - ² h - ¹. The test results show that the evaporation rate of the triangular perforated hole is slightly higher than that of the circular and square holes, and the evaporation rates of all three hole types are at a high level. Among them, the triangular hole type has a better airflow disturbance effect, which can further enhance the mass transfer process, while the circular hole type is the preferred hole type for practical engineering applications due to its convenient processing and high structural strength.
[0039] Example 4: Evaporation rate of evaporation devices under different environmental wind speed conditions This device relies on natural wind energy to drive the rotation of the evaporation body (3), therefore, the ambient wind speed is the core factor affecting the evaporation efficiency. This embodiment explores the influence of three sets of average ambient wind speeds of 1 m / s, 2 m / s, and 3 m / s, while the other experimental conditions are completely consistent.
[0040] Please see Figure 5 According to the evaporation performance test, the evaporation rates corresponding to the three wind speeds were approximately 1.30 kg m³. - ²h - ¹、2.00 kgm - ²h - ¹、2.50 kgm - ²h - ¹. The test results show that the evaporation rate of the device (1) increases significantly with the increase of ambient wind speed: the higher the wind speed, the stronger the airflow driving force acting on the evaporation body (3), the higher the airflow efficiency of the perforated array (31), and the faster the water evaporation and water vapor diffusion rate. This verifies the core advantage of the device being driven by wind power without power, and it can be adapted to outdoor application scenarios with different wind conditions.
[0041] Example 5: Comparison of evaporation rates of water samples with different salt concentrations Using the device described in Example 1, the adaptability of the device in scenarios such as high-salt wastewater and seawater was verified. In this example, four groups of water samples with salt concentrations of 0 wt% (pure water), 3.5 wt% (simulated seawater), 5 wt%, and 10 wt% were set up, and the other experimental conditions were completely consistent.
[0042] Please see Figure 6 Evaporation performance tests showed that the evaporation rates corresponding to the four salt concentrations were approximately 2.50 kg m³. - ² h - ¹、2.25 kgm - ²h - ¹、2.20 kgm - ²h - ¹, 1.95 kgm - ²h - ¹. The test results show that the evaporation rate of device (1) decreases slightly with the increase of the salt concentration of the water sample, but even under the high salt concentration condition of 10 wt%, it still maintains 1.95 kgm³. - ²h - The high evaporation rate¹ verifies the excellent adaptability of this device in high-salt environments, effectively avoiding the decline in evaporation efficiency under high-salt conditions, and making it suitable for multiple fields such as seawater desalination and zero discharge of saline wastewater.
[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A perforated array evaporation device that rotates continuously with the wind, characterized in that, The device includes a support assembly, an evaporator body that can rotate around the support assembly, and a water collection assembly. The evaporator body is made of a lightweight, breathable, and corrosion-resistant material, and its surface is uniformly distributed with a through-hole array. The evaporator body can rotate freely around the support assembly under the action of natural wind. The water collection assembly is located below the evaporator body and is used to collect waste liquid that slides off the surface of the evaporator body. The support assembly includes a support column and a rotating bearing. The rotating bearing is embedded in the top of the support column, and the evaporator body is fixedly connected to the rotating bearing to achieve wind-driven rotation without power.
2. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the perforated array is 0.5 cm to 2 cm, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent perforations is 0.5 cm to 2 cm, the perforated array is uniformly distributed in a regular hexagon or square, and the perforation opening rate is 15% to 40%.
3. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaporation body is columnar, disc-shaped, or polyhedral.
4. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the evaporation body is selected from at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, carbon fiber composite material or ceramic fiber.
5. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection assembly includes a condensation tank, a guide plate, and a storage tank. The guide plate is inclinedly arranged inside the condensation tank, and the bottom end of the guide plate is connected to the storage tank. The inner wall of the condensation tank is provided with a heat insulation layer, and the outer side of the heat insulation layer is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.
6. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water replenishment component, which includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid delivery pipe and a spray head. The spray head is positioned facing the evaporation body and is used to evenly spray the water to be evaporated onto the surface of the evaporation body.
7. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the support column is adjustable, and the bottom of the support column is equipped with a fixed base with anchor bolts for fixing the device to the ground or a mounting platform.
8. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the evaporator is also provided with a solar energy absorption coating, which covers the gaps in the perforated array to absorb solar energy to assist water evaporation.
9. The perforated array evaporator that rotates continuously with the wind according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating bearing is a sealed ball bearing with grease inside to reduce rotational friction and improve rotational flexibility.
10. An evaporation method based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Secure the device to the designated position using the fixed base, and adjust the height of the support column to ensure that the evaporator is at a suitable ventilation height; (b) Spray the water to be evaporated onto the surface of the evaporator through the water replenishment component, so that the water evenly covers the surface of the evaporator and penetrates into the perforated array; (c) Natural wind acts on the evaporator, causing the evaporator to rotate at a constant speed around the support component. During the rotation, the water on the surface of the evaporator comes into full contact with the air, and the airflow is achieved through the perforated array, which accelerates the evaporation of water. (d) During the rising process of the water vapor generated by evaporation, it comes into contact with the condensation tank of the water collection component, condenses to form liquid water, and is guided by the guide plate to the storage tank to complete the collection; (e) Continuously replenish the water to be evaporated through the water replenishment component to maintain the water coverage on the surface of the evaporation body and achieve continuous and stable evaporation.