Construction method of high-altitude operation platform based on steel structure cantilever

Abstract

The application discloses a high-altitude operation platform construction method based on a steel structure overhang, and comprises the following steps: measuring the spatial position of a steel structure roof and a curtain wall beam, obtaining the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam, determining the number and position of mounting points according to the length of the operation platform; manufacturing an F-shaped clamp matched with the size of the flange of the steel beam and an L-shaped support of a corresponding specification, and presetting a sensor mounting interface on the F-shaped clamp and the L-shaped support; clamping the F-shaped clamp into the upper flange of the steel beam; aligning one side of the L-shaped support with the lower end of the F-shaped clamp and welding by using an angle weld; laying a scaffold board between adjacent L-shaped supports to form a continuous operation plane; performing a load verification test on the completed platform, and performing a structural health assessment in combination with sensor data, adjusting the installation direction of the F-shaped clamp in the curtain wall construction stage, and realizing cross-stage platform reuse. The application can help solve the problems of material shortage and high-altitude large overhang area operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of high-altitude operations. More specifically, this invention relates to a construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a cantilevered steel structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of roof facades and curtain walls, the erection of high-altitude work platforms is a core prerequisite for ensuring the smooth progress of construction. However, many projects (construction in underdeveloped and remote areas) are currently facing severe construction difficulties, posing a significant challenge to traditional work platform erection methods. On the one hand, on-site scaffolding materials are extremely scarce. Traditional ground-mounted scaffolding requires a large amount of pipe material and has a long erection period, which can no longer meet construction needs. Traditional cantilevered scaffolding also relies on sufficient scaffolding materials, and its implementation is difficult due to material supply constraints, putting enormous pressure on ensuring the project schedule. On the other hand, these types of projects are generally characterized by high locations and large cantilever dimensions. Conventional high-altitude work methods, such as mobile lifting platforms and suspended baskets, are limited by the operating range and cannot form a continuous working surface, resulting in low construction efficiency and significant safety hazards.

[0003] It is worth noting that the steel structure roof and curtain wall involved in the project are equipped with stable beam structures, providing the basic conditions for serving as load-bearing points for the work platform. Against this backdrop, to overcome the constraints of material shortages, solve the problem of continuous operation in high-altitude, large-cantilevered areas, and simultaneously meet the project schedule requirements, there is an urgent need to develop a new construction method for high-altitude work platforms that is "low in material consumption, fast in erection, and highly reusable," tailored to local conditions. Traditional construction techniques, failing to fully utilize the inherent load-bearing advantages of steel structures, cannot simultaneously address the core requirements of material conservation, erection efficiency, and reusability, making them unsuitable for the specific construction scenario of the current project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever, which can help solve the problems of material shortage and high-altitude large cantilever area operations.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, according to one aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever is provided, comprising: S1: measuring the spatial position of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams, obtaining the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beams, and determining the number and position of installation points according to the length of the work platform; S2: fabricating F-shaped clamps matching the dimensions of the steel beam flanges and L-shaped supports of corresponding specifications according to the measurement results, and pre-setting sensor installation interfaces on the F-shaped clamps and L-shaped supports; S3: inserting the F-shaped clamps into the upper flange of the steel beams, ensuring that the inner surface of the F-shaped clamps is completely fitted with the outer surface of the flanges, and achieving rigid connection by bolt fastening or welding. S4: Align one side of the L-shaped support with the lower end of the F-shaped support and weld it with fillet weld. After welding, install load sensors and vibration sensors on the support to monitor the load distribution and dynamic response of the platform in real time. S5: Lay scaffold boards between adjacent L-shaped supports to form a continuous working plane. S6: Conduct a load verification test on the completed platform and conduct a structural health assessment based on the sensor data. After acceptance, mark the usage limit. Adjust the installation direction of the F-shaped support during the curtain wall construction stage to achieve cross-stage platform reuse from roof to curtain wall construction.

[0006] Furthermore, in S1, a 3D laser scanner is used to scan the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams to obtain their point cloud data and establish a 3D spatial model. Based on the 3D spatial model, the structural parameters of the upper flange of each target steel beam are extracted. The structural parameters include the flange width, thickness, and tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane. According to the design requirements of the working platform length, the preset safety factor, and the structural parameters, the minimum number of installation points of the F-shaped clamp is determined through a mechanical calculation model, and the precise 3D coordinate position of each installation point is marked in the 3D spatial model.

[0007] Furthermore, in S2, based on the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam obtained in S1, an F-shaped clamp is manufactured, the inner surface contour of which is consistent with the outer surface contour of the upper flange of the target steel beam, and multiple through bolt mounting holes are reserved; the size and wall thickness of the L-shaped support are designed according to the load distribution of the work platform, so that the length of its horizontal support side is greater than the width of the scaffold board, and the height of its vertical connection side matches the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp; at the designated positions of the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp and the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support, standardized sensor mounting interfaces are machined for corresponding installation of strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors and vibration sensors.

[0008] Further, in S3, the horizontal clamping part of the F-shaped clamp is aligned and clamped into the upper flange of the target steel beam. A temporary clamp is used for initial fixation to ensure that its inner surface and the outer surface of the flange are completely fitted in the corresponding area of ​​the bolt mounting holes. Bolts are passed through the bolt mounting holes of the F-shaped clamp in sequence and tightened in two stages. In the first stage, all bolts are tightened to the initial torque to initially fix the clamp to the steel beam. In the second stage, a torque wrench is used to tighten the bolts to the designed final tightening torque in a symmetrical sequence, or selectively, continuous fillet welds are performed on the vertical connection part of the clamp and the side of the steel beam flange to form a rigid connection. After the rigid connection is completed, strain sensors and displacement sensors are installed on the sensor mounting interfaces reserved in the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp. The strain sensors are used to monitor the stress and strain of the key sections of the clamp, and the displacement sensors are used to monitor the micro-movement or slippage of the clamp relative to the steel beam.

[0009] Furthermore, in S4, the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support is aligned and tightly attached to the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp, and temporary positioning is achieved using spot welding to ensure that its horizontal support edge is in the horizontal state required by the design. A continuous fillet weld is used to weld along the contact edge between the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support and the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled, and the weld is ensured to be full and uniform along its entire length. After welding, the weld slag is removed and a visual inspection is performed. At a designated position on the upper surface of the horizontal support edge of the welded L-shaped support, the reserved sensor mounting interface is connected to a load sensor. On the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support, the reserved sensor mounting interface is connected to a vibration sensor. The load sensor is used to monitor the vertical load borne by the L-shaped support in real time, and the vibration sensor is used to monitor the dynamic response and vibration frequency of the work platform during construction.

[0010] Furthermore, in S5, standard-sized scaffold boards are selected based on the clear distance between adjacent L-shaped supports, and the scaffold boards are laid perpendicular to the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped supports. U-shaped clamps or welding are used to fix both ends of the scaffold boards to the horizontal support edge of the adjacent L-shaped supports. A guardrail system is installed on the outer edge of the laid and fixed scaffold boards. The guardrail system includes uprights vertically welded or bolted to the L-shaped supports, and at least two horizontal crossbars and a kickboard connecting the uprights. Anti-slip treatment is applied between the scaffold boards and the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped supports, as well as at the joints of adjacent scaffold boards, to form a continuous working surface with protection.

[0011] Furthermore, in S6, a graded load verification test was conducted on the completed platform. First, 50% of the platform's design load was applied as a preload, which was removed after stabilization. Then, the design load was applied in two stages up to 120%, and stability was maintained under each load level. Throughout the load verification test, data from strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors, and vibration sensors were simultaneously collected and recorded. Based on the recorded sensor data, a comprehensive structural health assessment was conducted using a data analysis model: the stress data measured by the strain sensors, the micro-motion data measured by the displacement sensors, and the data measured by the load sensors were analyzed. Load distribution data and dynamic response data measured by vibration sensors are normalized and input into a preset weighted evaluation algorithm to calculate a comprehensive structural health index. When the structural health index is higher than the preset qualified threshold, and after all test loads are removed, the residual strain and residual displacement measured by strain sensors and displacement sensors are both less than 5% of their respective initial ranges, the load verification test and structural health assessment are deemed qualified. After acceptance, the usage load limit is clearly marked at the platform entrance, and the sensor data range under qualified conditions is set as the real-time monitoring and early warning benchmark for subsequent use of the platform.

[0012] Furthermore, in S6, after the roof construction is completed, the fixed connection between the scaffold boards and the L-shaped supports is released and removed; the F-shaped clamps installed in the curtain wall beam area are retained, the weld connection between them and the L-shaped supports is released, and the L-shaped supports are removed; the F-shaped clamps are removed from the upper flange of the roof steel beam, their horizontal clamping parts are rotated 90 degrees or reoriented according to the cross-section of the curtain wall beam, and then clamped into the predetermined installation position of the curtain wall beam, and a rigid connection with the curtain wall beam is achieved by bolts or welding; the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support is aligned with the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the reinstalled F-shaped clamp after adjustment, and then re-welded and fixed; the scaffold boards are re-laid and the guardrail system is installed, the simplified load verification of the reused platform is performed, and the applicability and safety of the platform in the curtain wall construction stage are confirmed by combining the continuous monitoring of the corresponding position sensor data.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention effectively solves the challenges of material shortages and high-altitude, large-cantilevered areas, offering significant advantages: First, it greatly reduces reliance on scaffolding materials. Utilizing the steel structure's own beams as a load-bearing foundation, it eliminates the need for ground-mounted scaffolding or traditional cantilevered scaffolding, addressing material shortages in remote areas and enabling rapid construction, thus shortening the construction period. Second, it creates a continuous working plane, overcoming the limitations of mobile lifting platforms and suspended platforms, improving the efficiency of roof and curtain wall construction. Third, it uses sensors to monitor connection status and platform performance in real time, reducing safety hazards during high-altitude operations. Fourth, it enables cross-stage reuse; after roof construction, adjusting the F-shaped clamp installation direction allows for adaptation to curtain wall construction, improving platform utilization and reducing construction costs.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an F-shaped clamp and an L-shaped support according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0017] It should be understood that terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" used in the embodiments of this application do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. When an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or may have an intervening element present. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element through an intervening element. Descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0018] It should be noted that the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, embodiments of this application provide a construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever, including: S1: Measuring the spatial position of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams, obtaining the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam, and determining the number and position of installation points according to the length of the work platform; S2: Fabricating an F-shaped clamp 1 matching the size of the steel beam flange and an L-shaped support 2 of corresponding specifications according to the measurement results, and pre-setting sensor installation interfaces on the F-shaped clamp 1 and the L-shaped support 2; S3: Inserting the F-shaped clamp 1 into the upper flange of the steel beam, ensuring that the inner surface of the F-shaped clamp 1 is completely fitted with the outer surface of the flange, achieving a rigid connection by bolt fastening or welding, and installing on the F-shaped clamp 1. S4: Install strain sensors and displacement sensors to monitor the connection status between the clamp and the steel beam; S5: Align one side of the L-shaped support 2 with the lower end of the F-shaped clamp 1 and weld it with fillet weld. After welding, install load sensors and vibration sensors on the support to monitor the load distribution and dynamic response of the platform in real time; S6: Lay scaffold boards between adjacent L-shaped supports 2 to form a continuous working plane; S7: Conduct a load verification test on the completed platform and conduct a structural health assessment based on the sensor data. After acceptance, mark the usage limit. Adjust the installation direction of the F-shaped clamp 1 during the curtain wall construction stage to achieve cross-stage platform reuse from roof to curtain wall construction.

[0020] For example, the spatial positions of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams are first comprehensively measured. The steel structure roof is the load-bearing steel structure system at the top of the building, and the curtain wall beams are the transverse load-bearing components that support the curtain wall panels. The spatial positions include the coordinates, elevations, and relative distances of the two in three-dimensional space. The measurement process can use a total station or a 3D laser scanner to collect data and obtain the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam. These parameters cover key information such as flange width, thickness, material, and surface flatness. Then, the number and location of installation points are determined according to the length of the working platform. The length of the working platform can be 6 meters or 8 meters. If the length is 6 meters, combined with a preset safety factor of 1.2 or 1.3, the number of installation points can be determined to be 4 or 5, evenly distributed on the upper flange of the steel beam below the platform. Next, based on the above measurement results, an F-shaped clamp 1 and an L-shaped support 2 of the corresponding specifications are manufactured to match the dimensions of the steel beam flange. The F-shaped clamp 1 is a metal connector with an F-shaped cross section, and its opening size is adapted to the width of the steel beam flange. The L-shaped support 2 is a support component with an L-shaped cross section, used to support the scaffold boards. At the same time, sensor mounting interfaces are preset on the F-shaped clamp 1 and the L-shaped support 2. The interface can be an M12 threaded hole to facilitate the subsequent installation and fixing of the sensor. Next, insert the F-shaped clamp 1 into the upper flange of the steel beam, ensuring that the inner surface of the F-shaped clamp 1 and the outer surface of the flange are completely in contact with each other in all contact areas (specific requirements: the maximum gap between the inner surface of the clamp and the outer surface of the flange should not exceed 0.5mm, and the contact area should not be less than 95% of the contact area). After contact, a rigid connection can be achieved by bolting or welding. If bolting is used, high-strength bolts can be used to pass through the preset holes in sequence and tighten them in stages. After the connection is completed, install a strain sensor and a displacement sensor on the F-shaped clamp 1. The strain sensor is used to monitor the deformation of the clamp under force, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor whether there is any micro-movement of the clamp relative to the steel beam, so as to monitor the connection status between the clamp and the steel beam in real time. Then, align one side of the L-shaped support 2 with the lower end of the F-shaped clamp 1. After alignment, weld it with a fillet weld. During welding, it is necessary to ensure that the weld is full and without defects. After welding, install a load sensor and a vibration sensor on the support. The load sensor is used to monitor the load distribution on the platform, and the vibration sensor is used to capture the dynamic response data of the platform during construction. Next, lay scaffold boards between two adjacent L-shaped supports to form a continuous working plane. The scaffold boards can be made of wood or steel. During laying, ensure that the joints between the scaffold boards are tight to avoid gaps. Finally, conduct a load verification test on the completed platform. During the test, gradually apply the load and observe the platform's condition. Simultaneously, conduct a structural health assessment based on data collected by sensors. After passing the assessment, clearly mark the usage limit on the platform; the limit can be 2.5 kN / m. 2 During the curtain wall construction phase, simply adjusting the installation direction of the F-shaped clamp 1 to adapt it to the structural form of the curtain wall beams allows for the reuse of the cross-stage platform from roof to curtain wall construction.

[0021] In existing technologies, for high-altitude roof and curtain wall construction, ground-mounted scaffolding or traditional cantilevered scaffolding are often used to build working platforms, requiring a large amount of steel pipes, fasteners, and other materials. The construction period can reach 10 or 15 days, making it difficult to implement in remote areas where materials are scarce. If suspended platforms are used, only localized construction can be achieved, and a continuous working surface cannot be formed, resulting in extremely low construction efficiency. This embodiment utilizes the steel beams and curtain wall beams of the steel structure itself as the load-bearing foundation, eliminating the need for a large amount of scaffolding materials and significantly shortening the construction period. Furthermore, the cooperation of F-shaped clamps 1 and L-shaped supports 2 forms a continuous working plane, effectively improving construction efficiency. At the same time, by pre-setting sensor interfaces and installing various sensors, the connection and usage status of the platform can be monitored in real time, reducing safety hazards in high-altitude operations. The cross-stage reuse design further improves the utilization rate of the platform and reduces construction costs. Compared with existing technologies, it is more adaptable to special construction scenarios with material shortages and large cantilevered structures at high altitudes, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot balance material conservation, construction efficiency, and reusability.

[0022] In another embodiment, in S1, a 3D laser scanner is used to scan the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams to obtain their point cloud data and establish a 3D spatial model. Based on the 3D spatial model, the structural parameters of the upper flange of each target steel beam are extracted. The structural parameters include the flange width, thickness, and tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane. According to the design requirements of the working platform length, the preset safety factor, and the structural parameters, the minimum number of installation points of the F-shaped clamp 1 is determined by the mechanical calculation model, and the precise 3D coordinate position of each installation point is marked in the 3D spatial model.

[0023] For example, in the step of measuring the spatial position of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams, a 3D laser scanner is used to comprehensively scan the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams. A 3D laser scanner is a measuring device that acquires spatial point cloud data of an object by emitting a laser beam. The scanning accuracy can be set to 1mm to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the acquired point cloud data. After acquiring the point cloud data, professional data processing software is used to denoise and stitch the data, thereby establishing a 3D spatial model. The model clearly presents the spatial shape and relative positional relationships of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams. Based on the established 3D spatial model, the structural parameters of the flanges of each target steel beam are extracted using the software's measurement function. These structural parameters include the flange width, thickness, and tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane. The flange width can be 200mm, the thickness can be 12mm, and the tilt angle can be 0°. Based on the design requirements for the length of the work platform, the preset safety factor, and the extracted structural parameters, the minimum number of installation points for F-shaped clamp 1 is determined through a mechanical calculation model. The mechanical calculation model can use static equilibrium equations. During the calculation process, parameters such as the bending strength and shear strength of the steel beam flange need to be substituted, while considering a preset safety factor of 1.2 or 1.3. If the length of the work platform is 8 meters, combined with the structural parameter of a flange thickness of 12 mm, the minimum number of installation points can be determined to be 5 or 6. Finally, the precise three-dimensional coordinate positions of each installation point are marked in the three-dimensional space model. The coordinate accuracy can be accurate to the millimeter level, providing an accurate basis for the subsequent installation of F-shaped clamp 1.

[0024] This embodiment uses a 3D laser scanner to acquire point cloud data and establish a 3D spatial model, which greatly improves the measurement accuracy and the accuracy of structural parameter extraction. The number of installation points is determined through a mechanical calculation model, which is more scientific than empirical estimation. It can ensure that the number of installation points is optimal while meeting the platform stability requirements, avoiding resource waste or safety hazards, and solving the problems of insufficient measurement accuracy and unscientific determination of the number of installation points in the prior art.

[0025] In another embodiment, in S2, based on the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam obtained in S1, an F-shaped clamp 1 is manufactured, the inner surface contour of which is consistent with the outer surface contour of the upper flange of the target steel beam, and multiple through bolt mounting holes are reserved; the size and wall thickness of the L-shaped support 2 are designed according to the load distribution of the work platform, so that the length of its horizontal support side is greater than the width of the scaffold board, and the height of its vertical connection side matches the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1; at the designated positions of the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1 and the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support 2, standardized sensor mounting interfaces are machined for corresponding installation of strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors and vibration sensors.

[0026] For example, in the steps of manufacturing the F-shaped clamp 1 and the L-shaped support 2, based on the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam obtained in the previous stage, a steel plate of Q235 or Q345 material is selected to manufacture the F-shaped clamp 1. During manufacturing, the steel plate is cut by a CNC machine tool so that the inner surface contour of the F-shaped clamp 1 is completely consistent with the outer surface contour of the upper flange of the target steel beam, ensuring that the two fit tightly. At the same time, multiple through bolt mounting holes are reserved at the designated positions of the F-shaped clamp 1. The bolt mounting holes can be Φ16 or Φ18, and the hole spacing can be 80mm or 100mm, which facilitates the subsequent connection with the steel beam by bolts. The dimensions and wall thickness of the L-shaped support 2 are designed based on the load distribution of the work platform. The load distribution of the work platform can be estimated through the preliminary construction plan and typically includes the weight of construction personnel, tools, and materials. Based on this, the length of the horizontal support side of the L-shaped support 2 can be 500mm or 600mm, making it larger than the width of the scaffold board. The width of the scaffold board can be 400mm or 450mm to ensure that the scaffold board can be stably placed on the support. The height of the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support 2 can be 300mm or 350mm to perfectly match the height of the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1, ensuring that the horizontal support side is at the designed working height after welding and guaranteeing the stability of the connection. The wall thickness of the support can be 8mm or 10mm to meet the load-bearing requirements. Finally, standardized sensor mounting interfaces are machined at designated positions on the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1 and the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support 2 using drilling and tapping processes. The interfaces can be round holes with internal threads for corresponding installation of strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors, and vibration sensors, ensuring that the sensors are firmly installed and the data transmission is stable.

[0027] In existing technologies, the clamps and supports of the work platform are mostly of general specifications, and their manufacturing does not take into account the specific structural parameters of the steel beam. This easily leads to problems such as loose fit with the steel beam, affecting connection stability. Sensor installation often uses temporary drilling, resulting in low installation accuracy and easy damage to the clamps or supports. This embodiment customizes the F-shaped clamp 1 and L-shaped support 2 according to the specific structural parameters of the steel beam, ensuring the compatibility of both with the steel beam and with each other, improving connection stability. The pre-set standardized sensor installation interface avoids damage to components caused by temporary drilling, while ensuring the accuracy of sensor installation and the stability of data transmission. This solves the problems of poor clamp and support compatibility and non-standard sensor installation in existing technologies.

[0028] In another embodiment, in S3, the horizontal holding part of the F-shaped clamp 1 is aligned and clamped into the upper flange of the target steel beam. A temporary clamp is used for initial fixation to ensure that its inner surface and the outer surface of the flange are completely fitted in the corresponding area of ​​the bolt mounting holes. Bolts are passed through the bolt mounting holes of the F-shaped clamp 1 in sequence and tightened in two stages. In the first stage, all bolts are tightened to the initial torque to initially fix the clamp to the steel beam. In the second stage, a torque wrench is used to tighten the bolts to the designed final tightening torque in a symmetrical sequence, or a continuous fillet weld is selectively performed on the vertical connection part of the clamp and the side of the steel beam flange to form a rigid connection. After the rigid connection is completed, the strain sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively installed on the sensor mounting interface reserved in the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1. The strain sensor is used to monitor the stress and strain of the key section of the clamp, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the micro-movement or slippage of the clamp relative to the steel beam.

[0029] For example, in the steps of installing the F-shaped clamp 1 and deploying the sensor, first align the horizontal clamping part of the F-shaped clamp 1 with the upper flange of the target steel beam, and slowly clamp it into the designated position on the flange. After clamping, use temporary clamps such as buckles or pressure plates for initial fixation. The purpose of initial fixation is to prevent the clamp from shifting during subsequent operations, and at the same time ensure that the inner surface of the F-shaped clamp 1 and the outer surface of the flange are completely fitted in the corresponding area of ​​the bolt mounting holes, without gaps or looseness. Then, high-strength bolts are used to pass through the bolt mounting holes of the F-shaped clamp 1 in sequence and tighten them in two stages. In the first stage, all bolts are tightened to the initial torque, which can be 100 N·m, to initially fix the clamp to the steel beam and avoid over-tightening a single bolt, which could cause deformation of the clamp. In the second stage, a torque wrench is used to tighten the bolts to the designed final tightening torque in a symmetrical sequence. The final tightening torque can be 200 N·m. If site conditions permit, continuous fillet welds can also be selectively performed on the vertical connection part of the clamp and the side of the steel beam flange, and the welds can be performed completely along the length of the contact surface to form a stable rigid connection. After completing the rigid connection, the strain sensor and displacement sensor are respectively installed on the sensor installation interface reserved in the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp 1. The strain sensor can be a resistance strain gauge sensor to monitor the stress and strain changes of the key section of the clamp after being subjected to force. The displacement sensor can be a grating displacement sensor to monitor whether there is micro-movement or slippage of the clamp relative to the steel beam, so as to ensure the stable connection between the clamp and the steel beam.

[0030] This embodiment uses a phased bolting or welding method to form a rigid connection, which improves the stability of the connection. By installing strain sensors and displacement sensors to monitor the stress, strain and relative displacement of the clamp in real time, problems that occur during the connection process can be detected in time, reducing safety hazards and solving the problems of unstable connection between the clamp and the steel beam and inability to monitor the connection status in real time in the prior art.

[0031] In another embodiment, in S4, the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 is aligned and tightly attached to the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp 1, and temporary positioning is achieved using spot welding to ensure that its horizontal support edge is in the horizontal state required by the design. A continuous fillet weld is used to weld along the contact edge between the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 and the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp 1. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled, and the weld is ensured to be full and uniform along its entire length. After welding, the weld slag is removed and a visual inspection is performed. At a designated position on the upper surface of the horizontal support edge of the welded L-shaped support 2, the reserved sensor mounting interface is connected to a load sensor. On the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2, the reserved sensor mounting interface is connected to a vibration sensor. The load sensor is used to monitor the vertical load borne by the L-shaped support 2 in real time, and the vibration sensor is used to monitor the dynamic response and vibration frequency of the work platform during construction.

[0032] For example, in the steps of installing the L-shaped support 2 and deploying the sensor, first align the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 with the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp 1. After alignment, ensure that the contact surfaces of the two are completely tight without gaps. Then, use spot welding for temporary positioning. The number of spot welds can be 3 or 4, evenly distributed on the edge of the contact surface. During the positioning process, use a level to calibrate and ensure that the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped support 2 is in the horizontal state required by the design. The horizontal error can be controlled within ±2mm. Next, weld along the contact edge between the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 and the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp 1 using continuous fillet welds. During the welding process, use carbon dioxide gas shielded welding to control the interpass temperature below 200℃ to avoid excessive temperature causing component deformation. At the same time, ensure that the weld is full and uniform along its entire length, without defects such as slag inclusions or porosity. After welding, use a slag hammer to remove the weld slag and perform a visual inspection. If weld defects are found, repair welding should be carried out in time. At a designated position on the horizontal support side of the welded L-shaped support 2, connect the reserved sensor mounting interface to the load sensor. The load sensor can be a piezoelectric sensor, used to monitor the vertical load borne by the L-shaped support 2 in real time. On the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support 2, connect the reserved sensor mounting interface to the vibration sensor. The vibration sensor can be an acceleration sensor, used to monitor the dynamic response and vibration frequency of the work platform during construction, providing data support for platform safety assessment.

[0033] This embodiment ensures the horizontal installation of the support by spot welding positioning and level calibration, controls the interlayer temperature of the weld to avoid component deformation, and improves the accuracy and stability of the support installation. By installing load sensors and vibration sensors to monitor the load distribution and dynamic response in real time, timely safety warnings can be issued, solving the problems of low support installation accuracy and inability to monitor load and vibration status in real time in the prior art.

[0034] In another embodiment, in S5, standard-sized scaffold boards are selected based on the clear distance between adjacent L-shaped supports 2, and the scaffold boards are laid perpendicular to the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped supports 2; the two ends of the scaffold boards are fixed to the horizontal support edge of the adjacent L-shaped supports 2 using U-shaped clamps or welding; a guardrail system is installed on the outer edge of the laid and fixed scaffold boards, the guardrail system including uprights vertically welded or bolted to the L-shaped supports 2, and at least two horizontal crossbars and a kickboard connecting the uprights; anti-slip treatment is applied between the scaffold boards and the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped supports 2, and at the joints of adjacent scaffold boards, to form a continuous working surface with protection.

[0035] For example, in the step of laying scaffold boards to form a working plane, first measure the clear distance between adjacent L-shaped supports 2. The clear distance can be 500mm. Select standard-sized scaffold boards according to the clear distance. The scaffold boards can be bamboo or steel scaffold boards, and their length is slightly longer than the clear distance between the supports. Lay the scaffold boards perpendicular to the horizontal support edge of the L-shaped supports 2. When laying, ensure that the overlap length at both ends of the scaffold boards is consistent, and the overlap length can be 100mm. Then, use U-shaped clamps or welding to fix both ends of the scaffold boards to the horizontal support edge of the adjacent L-shaped supports 2 respectively. If U-shaped clamps are used, two or three clamps can be set at each end of the scaffold board, evenly distributed, to ensure that the scaffold boards are firmly fixed and prevent slippage. On the outer edge of the laid and fixed scaffold boards, a guardrail system is installed. This system includes vertically welded or bolted posts to the L-shaped supports 2, with a post spacing of 1.2 meters or 1.5 meters (not exceeding the specified limits), and at least two horizontal bars and one kickboard connecting the posts. The first horizontal bar can be 600mm above the scaffold board, the second horizontal bar can be 1100mm or 1200mm above the scaffold board (complying with guardrail height specifications), and the kickboard can be 150mm high. Finally, anti-slip mats or anti-slip textures are laid between the horizontal support edges of the scaffold boards and the L-shaped supports 2, as well as at the joints of adjacent scaffold boards, to create a continuous, protected working surface and ensure the safety of construction workers.

[0036] This embodiment improves the safety of the working surface by using standardized scaffolding fixing methods, a complete guardrail system, and effective anti-slip treatment. At the same time, it forms a continuous working surface, improves construction efficiency, and solves the problems of poor working surface safety and inability to work continuously in the prior art.

[0037] In another embodiment, in S6, a graded load verification test is conducted on the completed platform. First, 50% of the platform's design load is applied as a preload, which is removed after stabilization. Then, the design load is applied in two stages up to 120%, and stability is maintained under each load level. Throughout the load verification test, data from strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors, and vibration sensors are simultaneously collected and recorded. Based on the recorded sensor data, a comprehensive structural health assessment is performed using a data analysis model: the stress data measured by the strain sensors, the micro-motion data measured by the displacement sensors, and the data measured by the load sensors are analyzed. The obtained load distribution data and dynamic response data measured by vibration sensors are normalized and input into a preset weighted evaluation algorithm to calculate a comprehensive structural health index. When the structural health index is higher than the preset qualified threshold, and after all test loads are removed, the residual strain and residual displacement measured by strain sensors and displacement sensors are both less than 5% of their respective initial ranges, the load verification test and structural health assessment are deemed qualified. After acceptance, the usage load limit is clearly marked at the platform entrance, and the sensor data range under qualified conditions is set as the real-time monitoring and early warning benchmark for subsequent use of the platform.

[0038] For example, in the platform load verification and health assessment steps, a graded load verification test is conducted on the completed platform. Before the test, load points are evenly distributed on the platform, and sandbags or concrete blocks are selected as loading weights. First, 50% of the platform's design load is applied as a preload, which can be 1.25 kN / m. 2After maintaining stability for 24 or 36 hours, the load was removed, and the platform was observed for any significant deformation. Subsequently, the design service load was applied in two stages to 120% of the load capacity. The first stage applied the design service load to 80% of the load capacity and maintained stability for 12 or 18 hours. The second stage applied the design service load to 120% of the load capacity and maintained stability for 24 or 36 hours. During the period of stability under each load level, the platform's condition was continuously observed. Throughout the load verification test, data from strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors, and vibration sensors were simultaneously collected and recorded by a data acquisition system. Based on the recorded sensor data, a comprehensive structural health assessment was conducted using a data analysis model. The data analysis model first normalized the stress data measured by the strain sensors, the micro-motion data measured by the displacement sensors, the load distribution data measured by the load sensors, and the dynamic response data measured by the vibration sensors. The normalization process used the min-max standardization method to map the data to the 0-1 range. Then, the processed data was input into a preset weighted evaluation algorithm. The weight of each data point can be set according to the importance of the component; the weight of strain data can be 0.4, the weight of displacement data can be 0.3, the weight of load data can be 0.2, and the weight of vibration data can be 0.1, thus calculating a comprehensive structural health index. When the structural health index is higher than the preset qualified threshold (which can be 0.7), and after all test loads are removed, the residual strain and residual displacement measured by strain sensors and displacement sensors are both less than 5% of their respective initial ranges, the load verification test and structural health assessment are deemed qualified. After acceptance, the usage load limit is clearly marked at the platform entrance, and the sensor data range under the qualified state is set as the real-time monitoring and early warning benchmark during the subsequent use of the platform.

[0039] In existing technologies, platform load verification often employs a one-time loading method, lacking a graded pre-stressing process, which can easily lead to sudden platform damage. Health assessments rely heavily on manual observation, lacking scientific data analysis models and sensor data support, resulting in low accuracy of assessment results. Furthermore, no subsequent monitoring and early warning benchmarks are established, making it impossible to detect safety hazards in a timely manner during use. This embodiment adopts a graded load verification test, reducing the risk of platform damage. By combining a scientific data analysis model with multi-sensor data for health assessment, the accuracy of the assessment results is improved. Establishing real-time monitoring and early warning benchmarks provides safety assurance for subsequent platform use, solving the problems of unreasonable load verification methods, unscientific health assessments, and the lack of subsequent monitoring and early warning benchmarks in existing technologies.

[0040] In another embodiment, in S6, after the roof construction is completed, the fixed connection between the scaffold planks and the L-shaped support 2 is released and removed; the F-shaped clamp 1 installed in the curtain wall beam area is retained, the weld connection between it and the L-shaped support 2 is released, and the L-shaped support 2 is removed; the F-shaped clamp 1 is removed from the upper flange of the roof steel beam, its horizontal clamping part is rotated 90 degrees or reoriented according to the cross section of the curtain wall beam, and then clamped into the predetermined installation position of the curtain wall beam, and a rigid connection with the curtain wall beam is achieved by bolts or welding; the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 is aligned with the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the reinstalled F-shaped clamp 1 after adjustment, and then welded and fixed again; the scaffold planks are re-laid and the guardrail system is installed, the simplified load verification of the reused platform is performed, and the applicability and safety of the platform in the curtain wall construction stage are confirmed by combining the continuous monitoring of the corresponding position sensor data.

[0041] For example, in the platform's cross-stage reuse step, after the roof construction is completed, first use a wrench or cutting machine to disconnect the scaffold boards from the L-shaped supports 2. If the fixation is by U-shaped clamps, loosen the clamps; if it is by welding, cut the weld. Then, remove the scaffold boards one by one and store them neatly to avoid damage. Retain the F-shaped clamps 1 installed in the curtain wall beam area. Use a cutting machine to disconnect the weld connection between them and the L-shaped supports 2. Avoid damaging the F-shaped clamps 1 during cutting. After removing the L-shaped supports 2, store them neatly as well. Next, remove the F-shaped clamps 1 from the upper flange of the roof steel beam. Handle them gently during removal to prevent deformation. Rotate their horizontal holding part 90 degrees, or reorient them according to the cross-sectional shape of the curtain wall beam, so that the clamps fit the structure of the curtain wall beam. Then, insert them into the predetermined installation position on the curtain wall beam, and use bolts or welding to achieve a rigid connection with the curtain wall beam. The connection method is consistent with the previous installation to ensure a stable connection. If the cross-sectional type of the curtain wall beam (such as H-shaped or I-shaped) is the same as that of the roof steel beam, and the flange orientation differs only in the horizontal / vertical direction, the horizontal clamping part of the F-shaped clamp can be directly rotated 90 degrees to adapt its opening direction to the flange of the curtain wall beam. If the curtain wall beam has a different type such as a rectangular or T-shaped cross-section, or if the flange size or inclination angle differs significantly from the roof steel beam, the orientation angle of the horizontal clamping part of the clamp needs to be readjusted according to the actual cross-sectional profile of the curtain wall beam and the position of the flange stress surface to ensure that the inner surface of the clamp fits against the curtain wall beam and that the clamping stress point coincides with the core load-bearing area of ​​the beam. Then, align the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support 2 with the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the reinstalled F-shaped clamp 1 after adjustment, and re-weld and fix it, with the welding standard consistent with the previous one. Finally, the scaffold boards were repaved and the guardrail system was installed. Simplified load verification was performed on the reused platform. The specific requirements for simplified load verification were as follows: ① Loading ratio: Apply 80%~90% of the platform's design load (no need to reach 120% of the design load); ② Duration: Each load level was maintained for 12~24 hours (no need for multi-level loading, directly apply the target simplified load); ③ Monitoring range: Only key data from strain sensors and displacement sensors need to be collected synchronously, without monitoring load distribution and vibration data; ④ Simplification prerequisite: The historical sensor data of the reused F-shaped clamps and L-shaped supports during the roof construction phase showed no abnormalities (the structural health index was always higher than the qualified threshold, and the residual strain / displacement met the requirements), and the components had no visible deformation, weld cracks, or other damage.

[0042] In existing technologies, aerial work platforms are mostly for single use. They need to be completely dismantled after roof construction and rebuilt for curtain wall construction, which not only wastes a lot of materials and manpower but also prolongs the construction cycle. Furthermore, the rebuilt platform needs to undergo a complete load test again, which is inefficient. This embodiment achieves cross-stage reuse of the platform by retaining the core component F-shaped clamp 1, adjusting its installation direction, and reusing it. This reduces material waste and manpower input, shortens the construction cycle, and improves construction efficiency while ensuring safety through a simplified load test method. It solves the problems of poor reusability and low construction efficiency of aerial work platforms in existing technologies.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel cantilever structure, characterized in that, include: S1: Measure the spatial position of the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams, obtain the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beams, and determine the number and location of installation points based on the length of the work platform; S2: Based on the measurement results, manufacture F-shaped clamps that match the dimensions of the steel beam flange, as well as L-shaped supports of corresponding specifications, and pre-set sensor mounting interfaces on the F-shaped clamps and L-shaped supports. S3: Insert the F-shaped clamp into the upper flange of the steel beam, ensuring that the inner surface of the F-shaped clamp is completely in contact with the outer surface of the flange. A rigid connection is achieved by bolting or welding. Strain sensors and displacement sensors are installed on the F-shaped clamp to monitor the connection status between the clamp and the steel beam. S4: Align one side of the L-shaped support with the lower end of the F-shaped clamp and weld it with a fillet weld. After welding, install load sensors and vibration sensors on the support to monitor the load distribution and dynamic response of the platform in real time. S5: Lay scaffold boards between adjacent L-shaped supports to form a continuous working plane; S6: Conduct load verification tests on the completed platform and perform structural health assessments based on sensor data. After acceptance, mark the usage limit and adjust the installation direction of the F-shaped clamps during the curtain wall construction phase to achieve cross-stage platform reuse from roof to curtain wall construction.

2. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, a 3D laser scanner is used to scan the steel structure roof and curtain wall beams to obtain their point cloud data and establish a 3D spatial model. Based on the three-dimensional spatial model, the structural parameters of the upper flange of each target steel beam are extracted. The structural parameters include the flange width, thickness and tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane. Based on the design requirements for the length of the work platform, the preset safety factor, and the structural parameters, the minimum number of installation points for the F-shaped clamp is determined through a mechanical calculation model, and the precise three-dimensional coordinates of each installation point are marked in the three-dimensional space model.

3. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, based on the structural parameters of the upper flange of the steel beam obtained in S1, an F-shaped clamp is made, the inner surface contour of which is consistent with the outer surface contour of the upper flange of the target steel beam, and multiple through bolt mounting holes are reserved. The dimensions and wall thickness of the L-shaped support are designed according to the load distribution of the work platform, so that the length of its horizontal support side is greater than the width of the scaffold board, and the height of its vertical connection side matches the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp. Standardized sensor mounting interfaces are machined at designated positions on the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp and the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support, for corresponding installation of strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors and vibration sensors.

4. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, align the horizontal holding part of the F-shaped clamp with and insert it into the upper flange of the target steel beam. Use a temporary clamp for initial fixation to ensure that its inner surface and the outer surface of the flange are completely fitted in the corresponding area of ​​the bolt mounting holes. The bolts are passed through the bolt mounting holes of the F-shaped clamp in sequence and tightened in two stages. In the first stage, all bolts are tightened to the initial torque to initially fix the clamp to the steel beam. In the second stage, a torque wrench is used to tighten the bolts to the designed final tightening torque in a symmetrical sequence, or a continuous fillet weld is selectively performed on the vertical connection of the clamp and the side of the steel beam flange to form a rigid connection. After completing the rigid connection, the strain sensor and displacement sensor are respectively installed on the sensor installation interface reserved in the vertical connection part of the F-shaped clamp; the strain sensor is used to monitor the stress and strain of the key section of the clamp, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the micro-movement or slippage of the clamp relative to the steel beam.

5. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, align and press the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support with the lower end face of the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp, and use spot welding for temporary positioning to ensure that its horizontal support edge is in the horizontal state required by the design. The contact edge between the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support and the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp is welded with a continuous fillet weld. During the welding process, the interpass temperature is controlled, and the weld is ensured to be full and uniform along the entire length. After welding, the weld slag is removed and a visual inspection is performed. At the designated position on the horizontal support side of the welded L-shaped support, connect the reserved sensor mounting interface on it to the load sensor; on the vertical connection side of the L-shaped support, connect the reserved sensor mounting interface on it to the vibration sensor; the load sensor is used to monitor the vertical load borne by the L-shaped support in real time, and the vibration sensor is used to monitor the dynamic response and vibration frequency of the work platform during construction.

6. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, standard-sized scaffold boards are selected based on the clear distance between adjacent L-shaped supports, and the scaffold boards are laid perpendicular to the horizontal support side of the L-shaped supports. Use U-shaped clamps or welding to fix both ends of the scaffold plank to the horizontal support edge of the adjacent L-shaped support; Install a guardrail system on the outer edge of the laid and fixed scaffold boards. The guardrail system includes uprights that are vertically welded or bolted to L-shaped supports, and at least two horizontal crossbars and a kickboard connecting the uprights. Anti-slip treatment is applied between the horizontal support edges of the scaffold boards and L-shaped supports, as well as at the joints of adjacent scaffold boards, to create a continuous working surface with protection.

7. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, a graded load verification test was conducted on the completed platform. First, 50% of the platform's design load was applied as a preload, which was removed after stabilization. Then, the design load was applied in two stages up to 120%, and the platform remained stable under each load stage. Throughout the load verification test, data from strain sensors, displacement sensors, load sensors, and vibration sensors are collected and recorded simultaneously. Based on the recorded sensor data, a comprehensive structural health assessment is conducted using a data analysis model: the stress data measured by strain sensors, the micro-motion data measured by displacement sensors, the load distribution data measured by load sensors, and the dynamic response data measured by vibration sensors are normalized and input into a preset weighted evaluation algorithm to calculate a comprehensive structural health index. When the structural health index is higher than the preset qualified threshold, and after all test loads are removed, the residual strain and residual displacement measured by strain sensors and displacement sensors are both less than 5% of their respective initial ranges, the load verification test and structural health assessment are deemed qualified. After acceptance, the usage load limit is clearly marked at the platform entrance, and the sensor data range under qualified conditions is set as the real-time monitoring and early warning benchmark for subsequent use of the platform.

8. The construction method for a high-altitude work platform based on a steel structure cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, after the roof construction is completed, the fixed connection between the scaffold boards and the L-shaped supports is released and the supports are removed. Retain the F-shaped clamps installed in the curtain wall beam area, disconnect the welded connection between them and the L-shaped brackets, and remove the L-shaped brackets; Remove the F-shaped clamp from the upper flange of the roof steel beam, rotate its horizontal clamping part 90 degrees or reorient it according to the cross section of the curtain wall beam, and then clamp it into the predetermined installation position of the curtain wall beam. Use bolts or welding to achieve a rigid connection with the curtain wall beam. Align the vertical connecting edge of the L-shaped support with the lower end of the vertical connecting part of the F-shaped clamp after the direction has been adjusted and reinstalled, and then re-weld and fix it. The scaffolding boards were repaved and a guardrail system was installed. The reused platform underwent simplified load verification, and the applicability and safety of the platform during the curtain wall construction phase were confirmed by combining continuous monitoring of sensor data at corresponding locations.

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