An in-situ detection device for an electrolytic cell based on an extended membrane

Abstract

The application discloses an electrolytic cell in-situ detection device based on an extended membrane, relates to the technical field of electrolytic cell detection, and comprises an electrolytic cell body, a membrane expansion groove integrated with the electrolytic cell body is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell body; the electrolytic cell body comprises a diaphragm, anode flow field plates and cathode flow field plates are arranged on the outer surfaces of the two sides of the diaphragm respectively, and the bottom end of the diaphragm is directionally extended to the inside of the membrane expansion groove, thereby forming a test area independent of an electrolysis main reaction zone. In use, the independent test area is constructed through the directional size expansion of the diaphragm, and then is combined with a three-electrode system, so that in-situ real-time monitoring of the performance of a membrane electrode is realized, the limitation of a traditional double-electrode system is broken through, the microstate of the diaphragm itself can be directly and accurately tracked, and more reliable technical support is provided for in-depth understanding of the performance evolution of the diaphragm in the electrolysis process, without the need of disassembling the electrolytic cell or additionally arranging sensing elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic cell testing technology, specifically to an in-situ testing device for electrolytic cells based on an extended membrane. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolysis of water for hydrogen production is a core pathway in the field of green hydrogen production, boasting significant advantages such as zero carbon emissions and high product purity. Currently, China has made breakthrough progress in the research and development and industrial application of electrolysis of water for hydrogen production equipment. A large number of industrial-grade electrolyzers with high operational stability, mature process systems, and excellent cost control capabilities have been deployed on a large scale, laying a solid foundation for the commercial promotion of the green hydrogen industry.

[0003] However, in industrial scenarios where electrolyzers operate continuously for extended periods, the performance degradation of their core components gradually becomes a prominent issue, posing a key bottleneck to the long-term, efficient operation of the equipment and further reducing the cost of green hydrogen production. This can be analyzed from the following two aspects: On the one hand, traditional dual-electrode integrated analysis devices have significant limitations in performance monitoring. These devices can only collect the overall electrochemical signal during the operation of the electrolyzer, and cannot effectively distinguish the independent roles of the cathode and anode in the electrochemical reaction. This "holistic" monitoring mode forces most electrolyzer degradation analysis to rely on post-failure characterization methods after equipment shutdown, making it difficult to capture the dynamic evolution process in the early stages of operation when degradation is relatively small. This deficiency not only makes the source analysis of degradation causes lack timeliness, but also fails to provide data support for early warning and preventive maintenance, potentially leading to minor performance degradation gradually accumulating into serious failures, increasing equipment operation and maintenance costs and downtime losses.

[0004] On the other hand, the long-term impact mechanism of the two mainstream electrolyte supply modes currently used in electrolyzers (dual-sided supply mode and anode single-sided supply mode) on membrane electrodes, and the corresponding electrode decay patterns under actual industrial operating conditions, have not yet been clearly and systematically understood. More importantly, existing performance testing technologies for aged membrane electrodes have significant shortcomings: traditional methods either require disassembling the electrolyzer to obtain membrane electrode samples, a process that is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but may also cause secondary damage to the components and cannot achieve in-situ monitoring; or they require the additional installation of dedicated sensing elements inside the electrolyzer, which not only increases the initial manufacturing cost of the equipment but may also alter the flow field distribution and interfere with the electrochemical reaction environment due to the introduction of sensors, leading to deviations between the test data and the actual operating conditions. Furthermore, these methods are difficult to adapt to the complex structure and operating requirements of industrial-grade large-scale electrolyzers, severely limiting the real-time tracking and life assessment of the membrane electrode aging process.

[0005] Therefore, we propose an in-situ detection device for electrolyzers based on an extended membrane to address the problems mentioned in the background section. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an in-situ detection device for electrolyzers based on an extended membrane, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Traditional dual-electrode overall analysis devices can only collect overall electrochemical signals and require shutdown for post-failure characterization. They are difficult to capture early decay dynamics and cannot provide data support for early warning and preventive maintenance. Existing membrane electrode performance testing technologies also have shortcomings. Disassembling the electrolyzer for sampling will cause secondary damage and cannot monitor in situ. Adding additional sensing elements will increase costs, interfere with the reaction environment, and cause data distortion, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of industrial-grade large-scale electrolyzers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane, comprising an electrolyzer body, wherein a membrane extension groove integrated into the electrolyzer body is provided at the bottom of the electrolyzer body; The electrolytic cell body includes a diaphragm. An anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate are respectively disposed on the two outer surfaces of the diaphragm. The bottom end of the diaphragm extends directionally into the interior of the membrane expansion tank, forming a test area independent of the main electrolysis reaction zone. As a core component of the electrolytic cell body, the diaphragm not only serves as an ion conduction channel for the anode and cathode, but its directional extension into the membrane expansion tank also constructs an independent test area, providing a dedicated reaction interface for in-situ detection and avoiding interference from the main electrolysis reaction on the detection data.

[0008] Preferably, an anode insulating pad is provided on the outer surface of the anode flow field plate, an anode end plate is provided on the outer surface of the anode insulating pad, and a cathode insulating pad is provided on the outer surface of the cathode flow field plate.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surface of the cathode insulating pad is provided with a cathode end plate, and the top of the membrane expansion groove is respectively provided with an electrode insertion hole and an electrolyte injection hole, which are two independent pores.

[0010] Preferably, the membrane expansion groove has an electrolyte tank inside, the diameter of the electrode insertion hole is adapted to the diameter of the test electrode, and the diameter of the electrolyte injection hole meets the requirements for quantitative electrolyte dripping. The electrode insertion hole is used to accurately insert the working electrode or reference electrode. Through the matching design of the hole diameter and the electrode diameter, the electrode position can be fixed to ensure that the electrode tip reaches the membrane surface or a preset depth perpendicularly, avoiding signal interference caused by electrode offset in traditional testing and improving the accuracy of detection data. The electrolyte injection hole can quantitatively drip electrolyte through tools such as droppers or syringes, which can not only accurately control the amount of electrolyte, so that the electrolyte forms a thin liquid film or local wetting area in the membrane test area to meet the ion conduction requirements, but also adjust the wetting range according to the characteristics of different membrane materials, adapting to diverse testing scenarios.

[0011] Preferably, both the anode and cathode end plates are made of corrosion-resistant metal, which not only support the overall structure of the electrolyzer body but also efficiently conduct external current, providing stable power for the hydrogen production reaction via water electrolysis.

[0012] Preferably, both the anode insulating pad and the cathode insulating pad are made of insulating material, and the anode insulating pad is placed between the anode end plate and the anode flow field plate, while the cathode insulating pad is placed between the cathode end plate and the cathode flow field plate. This can effectively block current leakage, ensure the stability of the electrochemical reaction circuit, and avoid energy loss due to leakage.

[0013] Preferably, the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate can uniformly deliver electrolyte to the electrode surface, while timely discharging the gas generated by the reaction to prevent gas accumulation from hindering the reaction and ensure that the electrolysis process is efficient and continuous.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the membrane expansion tank is provided with a corrosion-resistant coating, which is a ceramic coating. The extension length of the diaphragm is adjustable and can be flexibly adjusted according to testing requirements. A shorter extension length is suitable for rapid performance testing, while a longer extension length can be used for multi-point, long-term attenuation monitoring. The ceramic coating has excellent resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, which can prevent the electrolyte from eroding the inner wall of the membrane expansion tank during testing and extend the service life of the device.

[0015] Preferably, the volume of the membrane expansion tank is adapted to the extension length of the diaphragm to ensure that the test area has sufficient space to accommodate the electrolyte and electrodes. This adapted design of the membrane expansion tank volume and diaphragm extension length avoids both excessive electrolyte dispersion and decreased ion conduction efficiency due to an excessively large volume, and insufficient volume that restricts electrode operation or causes electrolyte overflow, thus ensuring the stability of the testing process.

[0016] Preferably, both the anode and cathode flow field plates have flow channels on their surfaces, and these channels have a mesh-like structure. Both the anode and cathode end plates have heat dissipation patterns on their surfaces, which are distributed in a spiral pattern. The mesh-like flow channels increase the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrodes, ensuring smooth electrolyte flow. The spiral heat dissipation patterns increase the contact area between the end plates and the air, improving heat dissipation efficiency and controlling the electrolytic cell temperature within a suitable range.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When using this invention, an independent test area is constructed by directional dimensional expansion of the diaphragm, and then combined with a three-electrode system to achieve in-situ real-time monitoring of membrane electrode performance. This breaks through the limitations of the traditional two-electrode system and enables precise tracking of the microscopic state of the diaphragm itself. This provides more reliable technical support for a deeper understanding of the performance evolution of the diaphragm during electrolysis. It eliminates the need to disassemble the electrolytic cell or add additional sensing elements, thus avoiding secondary damage to the components and interference from the reaction environment.

[0018] 2. When using this invention, by accurately distinguishing the independent action mechanisms of the cathode, anode, and diaphragm, it can capture the slight attenuation dynamics in the early stage of operation, providing reliable data support for tracing the causes of attenuation, early warning, and preventive maintenance.

[0019] 3. When in use, the present invention has a simplified structure. Through the porous design, it achieves precise electrode positioning and quantitative electrolyte supply. It is compatible with various membrane materials such as proton exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes, and is suitable for the complex structure and operation requirements of industrial-grade large-scale electrolyzers. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the electrolytic cell body in an in-situ detection device for an electrolytic cell based on an extended membrane, according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of the membrane expansion groove in an electrolyzer in-situ detection device based on an expanded membrane according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a side view of the membrane expansion groove in an in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane, according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the membrane expansion groove in an electrolyzer-based in-situ detection device based on an expanded membrane according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the membrane expansion groove in an in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an expanded membrane, according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of an in-situ detection device for an electrolytic cell based on an extended membrane, according to the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 100. Electrolytic cell body; 1. Anode end plate; 2. Anode insulating pad; 3. Anode flow field plate; 4. Diaphragm; 5. Cathode flow field plate; 6. Cathode insulating pad; 7. Cathode end plate; 8. Membrane expansion groove; 9. Electrode insertion hole; 10. Electrolyte injection hole; 11. Electrolyte tank. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an in-situ detection device for an electrolytic cell based on an extended membrane, comprising an electrolytic cell body 100, with an integrated membrane extension groove 8 at the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 100; the electrolytic cell body 100 includes a diaphragm 4, with an anode flow field plate 3 and a cathode flow field plate 5 respectively disposed on the outer surfaces of both sides of the diaphragm 4, and the bottom end of the diaphragm 4 extending directionally into the interior of the membrane extension groove 8, forming a test area independent of the main electrolysis reaction zone. An anode insulating pad 2 is disposed on the outer surface of the anode flow field plate 3, and an anode end plate 1 is disposed on the outer surface of the anode insulating pad 2; a cathode insulating pad 6 is disposed on the outer surface of the cathode flow field plate 5; a cathode end plate 7 is disposed on the outer surface of the cathode insulating pad 6; and an electrode insertion hole 9 and an electrolyte injection hole 10 are respectively opened at the top of the membrane extension groove 8, the electrode insertion hole 9 and the electrolyte injection hole 10 being two independent pores. The membrane expansion tank 8 has an internal electrolyte tank 11. The diameter of the electrode insertion hole 9 is matched to the diameter of the test electrode, and the diameter of the electrolyte injection hole 10 meets the requirements for quantitative electrolyte dripping. Both the anode end plate 1 and the cathode end plate 7 are made of corrosion-resistant metal, supporting the overall structure of the electrolyzer body 100 while efficiently conducting external current to provide stable power for the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction. Both the anode insulating pad 2 and the cathode insulating pad 6 are made of insulating material. The anode insulating pad 2 is placed between the anode end plate 1 and the anode flow field plate 3, and the cathode insulating pad 6 is placed between the cathode end plate 7 and the cathode flow field plate 5. This effectively blocks current leakage, ensures the stability of the electrochemical reaction circuit, and avoids energy loss due to leakage. The anode flow field plate 3 and the cathode flow field plate 5 can uniformly deliver electrolyte to the electrode surface and simultaneously discharge the gas generated in the reaction in a timely manner, preventing gas accumulation from hindering the reaction and ensuring efficient and continuous electrolysis. The inner wall of the membrane expansion tank 8 is coated with a corrosion-resistant ceramic coating. The volume of the membrane expansion groove 8 is adapted to the extension length of the diaphragm 4 to ensure that there is enough space in the test area to accommodate the electrolyte and the electrodes. Flow channels are opened on the surface of both the anode flow field plate 3 and the cathode flow field plate 5. The flow channels have a grid structure. Heat dissipation patterns are provided on the surface of both the anode end plate 1 and the cathode end plate 7. The heat dissipation patterns are distributed in a spiral shape.

[0024] In use, the membrane 4 can be made of any of the following materials: proton exchange membrane, anion exchange membrane, or composite membrane. Through the directional extension and porosification of the membrane 4, multi-electrode in-situ testing functions are integrated, expanding the traditional two-electrode system (positive and negative electrodes) of the electrolyzer into a three-electrode testing system with the membrane 4 as the reference electrode. Specifically, this includes: 1. Directional extension and tank integration of diaphragm 4: Diaphragm 4 is used as the core test medium, with one end extending and fixed within the test chamber of the electrolytic cell body 100, forming an integrated "membrane-tank" test substrate. The extension length of the membrane can be adjusted according to test requirements, ensuring that its exposed area within the tank serves as both a key interface for electrochemical reactions and a stable support for the electrolyte and electrode interactions.

[0025] 2. Porous Operation and Electrode / Electrolyte Adaptation Design: Two independent pores are opened on the upper cover of the electrolytic cell body 100 corresponding to the extension area of ​​the diaphragm 4: The first pore (electrode insertion hole 9): is used for precise insertion of the working electrode in the three-electrode system (or replaced with a reference electrode according to the test requirements). The electrode tip reaches the surface of the diaphragm 4 or a preset depth through the pore, ensuring stable contact between the electrode and the membrane interface and avoiding signal interference caused by electrode positioning deviation in traditional testing; The second pore (electrolyte injection hole 10): a quantitative electrolyte (such as acidic / alkaline electrolyte solution) is dripped into the test area of ​​the diaphragm 4 through this pore. The electrolyte forms a thin liquid film or local wetting area on the membrane surface, which not only meets the ion conduction requirements, but also allows for precise control of the membrane-electrolyte contact area by controlling the amount of dripping, adapting to test scenarios of different membrane materials (such as proton exchange membranes, anion exchange membranes, and composite membranes).

[0026] 3. Coordinated Layout of the Three-Electrode System: The working electrode and the counter electrode are mounted on the side or bottom of the electrolytic cell body 100 according to the test requirements, forming a closed loop with the extended area of ​​the diaphragm 4 through a preset passage; the reference electrode is close to the membrane surface through a fine channel to accurately monitor the potential at the interface between the working electrode and the membrane. Combined with the aforementioned pore design, a three-electrode testing system is finally formed, with the extended area of ​​the diaphragm 4 as the core reaction interface, the working electrode inserted into the pores, and the electrolyte supplied dropwise.

[0027] With the above design, a three-electrode testing environment for membrane materials can be quickly built simply by directional extension of the diaphragm 4 and precise layout of the pores in the tank. This simplifies the complex piping and fixed structure of traditional testing devices and is especially suitable for studying the in-situ electrochemical activity, ion conduction performance and interfacial reaction mechanism of the diaphragm 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, the anode end plate 1 and cathode end plate 7 are made of corrosion-resistant titanium alloy, the anode insulating pad 2 and cathode insulating pad 6 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene insulating material, the anode flow field plate 3 and cathode flow field plate 5 are made of graphite material, the diaphragm 4 is a proton exchange membrane, the membrane expansion groove 8 is integrally formed with the electrolytic cell body 100, the electrode insertion hole 9 has a diameter of 2 mm, and the electrolyte injection hole 10 has a diameter of 3 mm. In use, firstly, one end of the diaphragm 4 is extended and fixed in the membrane expansion groove 8, adjusting the extension length to 5 cm to ensure full exposure of the test area; then, a platinum wire working electrode is inserted through the electrode insertion hole 9, ensuring the electrode tip is perpendicularly in contact with the surface of the diaphragm 4; a saturated calomel electrode is selected as the reference electrode and fixed 1 mm from the membrane surface through a fine channel; the counter electrode is assembled on the side of the electrolytic cell body 100 and aligned with the expansion area of ​​the diaphragm 4; finally, 0.5 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is dripped through the electrolyte injection hole 10, controlling the dripping volume to 0.2 mL, so that the electrolyte forms a uniform thin film on the membrane surface. Connect the device to the electrochemical workstation and computer, start the electrolytic cell 100 to run normally, and the electrochemical workstation collects parameters such as the electrochemical activity and ion conduction rate of the diaphragm 4 in real time through the three-electrode system and transmits them to the computer for data processing.

[0029] The anode end plate 1 and cathode end plate 7 not only support the electrolytic cell structure but also efficiently conduct external current, providing stable power for the electrochemical reaction. The anode insulating pad 2 and cathode insulating pad 6 effectively prevent current leakage, ensuring the stability of the electrochemical reaction circuit. The anode flow field plate 3 and cathode flow field plate 5 ensure uniform delivery of electrolyte and timely discharge of reaction gases, guaranteeing efficient electrolysis. The membrane expansion tank 8 provides an independent testing space for the diaphragm 4, avoiding interference from the main electrolysis reaction on the detection results. The electrode insertion hole 9 ensures precise positioning of the working electrode and reference electrode, reducing signal interference. The electrolyte injection hole 10 enables quantitative supply of electrolyte, precisely controlling the membrane-electrolyte contact area to meet the ion conduction requirements of the proton exchange membrane.

[0030] By directionally expanding the size of diaphragm 4, an independent testing area is constructed. Combined with the precise detection capabilities of the electrochemical workstation, real-time in-situ monitoring of the key states of diaphragm 4 during the water electrolysis reaction is achieved. Unlike traditional electrolyzers that rely solely on a two-electrode testing system consisting of a cathode and anode (which can only acquire the overall electrochemical signal and cannot analyze the dynamic changes of diaphragm 4 separately), this device ingeniously constructs a three-electrode testing system by extending diaphragm 4 into a specific area of ​​the electrolyzer. This design breaks through the limitations of traditional dual-electrode systems, enabling precise tracking of the microscopic state of the membrane 4 itself. This provides more reliable technical support for a deeper understanding of the performance evolution of the membrane 4 during electrolysis. It solves the problems of traditional dual-electrode integrated analysis devices, which can only collect overall electrochemical signals and require shutdown for post-failure characterization, making it difficult to capture early degradation dynamics and provide data support for early warning and preventive maintenance. Existing membrane electrode performance testing technologies also have shortcomings: disassembling the electrolyzer for sampling causes secondary damage and cannot monitor in situ; adding additional sensing elements increases costs, interferes with the reaction environment, and leads to distorted detection data, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of industrial-grade large-scale electrolyzers.

[0031] Example 2: Figures 1-6 As shown, the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 100 is provided with an integrated membrane expansion tank 8. The electrolytic cell body 100 includes a diaphragm 4. An anode flow field plate 3 and a cathode flow field plate 5 are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the two sides of the diaphragm 4. An anode insulating pad 2 is provided on the outer surface of the anode flow field plate 3, and an anode end plate 1 is provided on the outer surface of the anode insulating pad 2. A cathode insulating pad 6 is provided on the outer surface of the cathode flow field plate 5. A cathode end plate 7 is provided on the outer surface of the cathode insulating pad 6. An electrode insertion hole 9 and an electrolyte injection hole 10 are respectively opened on the top of the membrane expansion tank 8. An electrolyte tank 11 is opened inside the membrane expansion tank 8.

[0032] In this embodiment, during use, an anion exchange membrane is selected as the diaphragm 4, the electrolyte is replaced with a 1 mol / L potassium hydroxide solution, and a gold electrode is selected as the working electrode. The specifications of the remaining components are the same as in Embodiment 1. The extension length of the diaphragm 4 is adjusted to 6 cm, and 0.3 mL of potassium hydroxide electrolyte is dripped into the electrolyte injection hole 10 to form a local wetting zone. During the continuous operation of the electrolyzer, the three-electrode system continuously monitors the interface potential, impedance changes, and ion migration efficiency of the diaphragm 4, capturing the dynamic attenuation of the membrane material in real time. When the impedance value is detected to increase by 10% compared to the initial value, the computer automatically issues a warning signal to prompt preventive maintenance. The synergistic layout of the three-electrode system breaks through the limitations of the traditional two-electrode system, enabling independent analysis of the dynamic performance changes of the diaphragm 4 and avoiding the masking of local attenuation by the overall signal. The adaptive design of the anion exchange membrane and the alkaline electrolyte ensures smooth ion conduction, making the detection data more consistent with the actual operating state. Attenuation monitoring can be completed without shutdown, significantly reducing maintenance costs and downtime losses, and improving the operational stability of the electrolyzer.

[0033] Furthermore, when a proton-anion composite membrane is selected as the diaphragm 4, the insertion depth of the working electrode is adjusted to 2 mm inside the diaphragm 4, a silver chloride electrode is selected as the reference electrode, and a mixed acidic-alkaline composite electrolyte is used with a drop volume of 0.4 mL. The potential distribution, reaction rate, and interfacial interactions in different regions inside the composite membrane are precisely monitored using a three-electrode system. Combined with the data analysis function of the electrochemical workstation, the interfacial reaction mechanism of the composite membrane during electrolysis is explored in depth. The porous design of the device allows for flexible adjustment of the working electrode insertion depth, enabling targeted detection of different regions of the diaphragm 4 and providing data support for the performance optimization of the composite membrane. The independent testing area of ​​the membrane expansion tank 8 avoids interference from the flow of gases and electrolytes generated by the main electrolysis reaction on the interfacial detection. The precise positioning of the electrode insertion hole 9 ensures stable contact between the working electrode and the interior of the diaphragm 4, ensuring the accuracy of the detection signal. The quantitative supply function of the electrolyte injection hole 10 allows for control of the wetting range of the composite electrolyte, avoiding mutual diffusion between different electrolyte regions, and providing a stable testing environment for the study of the interfacial reaction mechanism.

[0034] The overall effect and working principle of the mechanism are as follows: the anode end plate 1 and the cathode end plate 7 are made of titanium alloy corrosion-resistant metal, the anode insulating pad 2 and the cathode insulating pad 6 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene insulating material, the anode flow field plate 3 and the cathode flow field plate 5 are made of graphite material, the diaphragm 4 is a proton exchange membrane, the membrane expansion groove 8 is integrally formed with the electrolytic cell body 100, the electrode insertion hole 9 has a diameter of 2mm, and the electrolyte injection hole 10 has a diameter of 3mm. First, extend one end of the diaphragm 4 and fix it in the membrane expansion groove 8, adjusting the extension length to 5cm to ensure full exposure of the test area. Insert the platinum wire working electrode through the electrode insertion hole 9, ensuring the electrode tip is in perpendicular contact with the surface of the diaphragm 4. The reference electrode is a saturated calomel electrode, fixed 1mm from the membrane surface through a fine channel. The counter electrode is assembled on the side of the electrolytic cell body 100 and aligned with the expanded area of ​​the diaphragm 4. Drop 0.5mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte through the electrolyte injection hole 10, controlling the drop volume to 0.2mL, so that the electrolyte forms a uniform thin film on the membrane surface. Connect the device to the electrochemical workstation and computer, and start the electrolytic cell body 100 to operate normally. The electrochemical workstation collects parameters such as the electrochemical activity and ion conduction rate of the diaphragm 4 in real time through the three-electrode system and transmits the data to the computer for data processing. By directionally expanding the size of diaphragm 4, an independent testing area is constructed. Combined with the precise detection capabilities of the electrochemical workstation, real-time in-situ monitoring of the key states of diaphragm 4 during the water electrolysis reaction is achieved. A three-electrode testing system is cleverly constructed by extending diaphragm 4 into a specific area of ​​the electrolyzer. When an anion exchange membrane is used for diaphragm 4, the electrolyte is replaced with a 1 mol / L potassium hydroxide solution, and a gold electrode is used as the working electrode; the specifications of the remaining components remain the same. The extension length of diaphragm 4 is adjusted to 6 cm, and 0.3 mL of potassium hydroxide electrolyte is dripped into the electrolyte injection hole 10 to form a localized wetting area. During continuous operation of the electrolyzer, the three-electrode system continuously monitors the interfacial potential, impedance changes, and ion migration efficiency of diaphragm 4, capturing the dynamic decay of the membrane material in real time. When the impedance value increases by 10% compared to the initial value, the computer automatically issues a warning signal, prompting preventative maintenance. The compatible design of the anion exchange membrane and alkaline electrolyte ensures smooth ion conduction, making the detection data more closely reflect the actual operating conditions. Attenuation monitoring can be completed without shutdown, significantly reducing maintenance costs and downtime losses. When a proton-anion composite membrane is used as diaphragm 4, the working electrode insertion depth is adjusted to 2mm inside diaphragm 4, a silver chloride electrode is used as the reference electrode, and a mixed acid-alkaline composite electrolyte is used with a drop volume of 0.4mL. The potential distribution, reaction rate, and interfacial interactions in different regions inside the composite membrane are accurately monitored using a three-electrode system. Combined with the data analysis function of the electrochemical workstation, the interfacial reaction mechanism of the composite membrane during electrolysis is explored in depth.

[0035] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane, comprising an electrolyzer body (100), characterized in that: The bottom of the electrolytic cell body (100) is provided with a membrane expansion groove (8) integrated into the electrolytic cell body (100). The electrolytic cell body (100) includes a diaphragm (4), and an anode flow field plate (3) and a cathode flow field plate (5) are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the two sides of the diaphragm (4). The bottom end of the diaphragm (4) extends directionally into the interior of the membrane expansion tank (8) to form a test area independent of the main electrolytic reaction zone.

2. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anode insulating pad (2) is provided on the outer surface of the anode flow field plate (3), an anode end plate (1) is provided on the outer surface of the anode insulating pad (2), and a cathode insulating pad (6) is provided on the outer surface of the cathode flow field plate (5).

3. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cathode insulating pad (6) is provided with a cathode end plate (7), and the top of the membrane expansion groove (8) is provided with an electrode insertion hole (9) and an electrolyte injection hole (10), which are two independent pores.

4. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The membrane expansion groove (8) has an electrolyte tank (11) inside. The diameter of the electrode insertion hole (9) is adapted to the diameter of the test electrode. The diameter of the electrolyte injection hole (10) meets the requirements for quantitative electrolyte drop addition.

5. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the anode plate (1) and cathode plate (7) are made of corrosion-resistant metal, which not only support the overall structure of the electrolyzer body (100) but also efficiently conduct external current, providing stable power for the hydrogen production reaction by water electrolysis.

6. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the anode insulating pad (2) and the cathode insulating pad (6) are made of insulating materials. The anode insulating pad (2) is placed between the anode end plate (1) and the anode flow field plate (3), and the cathode insulating pad (6) is placed between the cathode end plate (7) and the cathode flow field plate (5). This can effectively block current leakage, ensure the stability of the electrochemical reaction circuit, and avoid energy loss caused by leakage.

7. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anode flow field plate (3) and cathode flow field plate (5) can uniformly transport electrolyte to the electrode surface and at the same time discharge the gas generated by the reaction in a timely manner to prevent gas accumulation from hindering the reaction and ensure that the electrolysis process is efficient and continuous.

8. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the membrane expansion groove (8) is provided with a corrosion-resistant coating, and the material of the corrosion-resistant coating is a ceramic coating.

9. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume of the membrane expansion groove (8) is adapted to the extension length of the diaphragm (4) to ensure that the test area has enough space to accommodate the electrolyte and the electrode.

10. The in-situ detection device for an electrolyzer based on an extended membrane according to claim 9, characterized in that: The surfaces of the anode flow field plate (3) and the cathode flow field plate (5) are provided with flow channels, the flow channels are mesh-like, and the surfaces of the anode end plate (1) and the cathode end plate (7) are provided with heat dissipation patterns, which are distributed in a spiral shape.

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