Austenite sensitization detection method, system, electronic device, readable storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application relates to an austenite sensitization detection method, a system, an electronic device, a readable storage medium and a program product, the method is applied to a control module of an austenite sensitization detection system, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to an austenite component to be detected; the magnetic adsorption force information is obtained based on the magnetic adsorption force between the austenite component to be detected and a test probe of the austenite sensitization detection system; and the sensitization degree of the austenite component to be detected is determined according to the magnetic adsorption force information. The application can effectively improve the sensitization degree detection efficiency of the austenite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nondestructive testing technology for materials, and in particular to an austenite sensitization testing method, system, electronic device, readable storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Austenitic stainless steels (such as S31608 and S30408) are widely used in key equipment such as catalytic cracking units, hydrogenation reactors, heat exchangers, and storage tanks due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance. However, these materials are prone to microstructural degradation, known as "sensitization," during welding, heat treatment, or long-term service in the temperature range of 500℃ to 900℃.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for detecting the degree of sensitization of austenitic stainless steel include chemical corrosion methods (such as ASTM A262 series), dual-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (DL-EPR) method, and metallographic microscopy.

[0004] However, the traditional austenitic sensitization testing methods mentioned above require destructive sampling of the austenitic stainless steel to be tested, as well as complex surface pretreatment of the surface to be tested. As a result, the traditional austenitic sensitization testing methods cannot achieve the function of on-site online detection of the degree of sensitization, which affects the detection efficiency of the degree of sensitization of austenitic stainless steel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an austenitic sensitization detection method, system, electronic device, readable storage medium, and program product that can improve the detection efficiency of sensitization degree in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection method, applied to the control module of an austenite sensitization detection system, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test; the magnetic adsorption force information is obtained based on the magnetic adsorption force between the austenitic component under test and the test probe of the austenitic sensitization detection system.

[0008] The degree of sensitization of the austenitic component under test is determined based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0009] In one embodiment, obtaining the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test includes:

[0010] On the sample surface of the austenitic component to be tested, a measurement lattice for the austenitic component to be tested is determined by a preset point layout.

[0011] Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy, the maximum magnetic adsorption force of each measurement unit in the measurement array is determined, and the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset corresponding to the measurement array is obtained.

[0012] Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test is determined.

[0013] In one embodiment, the maximum magnetic attraction force measurement strategy includes:

[0014] The test probe is attached to the surface of the measurement unit of the measurement array, and a preset pressure is applied to the surface of the measurement unit;

[0015] At a preset pull-off speed, the test probe is lifted along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the measuring unit, and the tension change curve corresponding to the process of the test probe from being fully attached to the surface of the measuring unit to finally being detached is recorded.

[0016] Based on the peak data corresponding to the tensile force change curve, determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force corresponding to the measuring unit.

[0017] In one embodiment, based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested is determined, including:

[0018] The magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component under test is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

[0019] In one embodiment, the magnetic adsorption force information includes average magnetic adsorption force data and standard deviation magnetic adsorption force data; based on the magnetic adsorption force information, the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component to be tested is determined, including:

[0020] Based on the comparison results between the average magnetic adsorption force data and the magnetic adsorption force reference data, the sensitization level corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested is determined.

[0021] Based on the standard deviation data of magnetic adsorption force, the uniformity of sensitization distribution of the austenitic component under test is determined.

[0022] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0023] The test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested is cleaned and decontaminated.

[0024] According to the preset flatness and roughness standards, the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested is ground.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection system, the system including a test probe and a control module connected to the test probe; the test probe includes a permanent magnet that generates a constant magnetic field and a force sensor;

[0026] The control module is used to acquire the magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component to be tested, and to determine the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0027] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0028] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0029] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0030] The aforementioned austenitic sensitization detection method, system, electronic device, readable storage medium, and program product acquire magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test, and then determine the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component under test based on the magnetic adsorption force information. In this way, this application avoids the damage to austenitic materials caused by traditional detection methods (such as corrosion tests, metallographic methods, electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation methods, etc.), maintains the integrity of the material, and realizes online or offline detection functions for in-service equipment. Therefore, when detecting the degree of sensitization of austenitic materials, there is no need to stop the machine or take samples, which significantly reduces the detection cost and the repair risk caused by sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the application environment of the austenite sensitization detection method in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an austenite sensitization detection method in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining magnetic adsorption force information in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the maximum magnetic adsorption force corresponding to a measurement unit in one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the degree of sensitization of an austenitic component under test in one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment process for the austenitic component to be tested in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of an austenite sensitization detection device in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0041] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, as used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" as used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" as used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0042] Austenitic stainless steels (such as S31608 and S30408) are widely used in critical equipment such as catalytic cracking units, hydrogenation reactors, heat exchangers, and storage tanks due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance. However, these materials are prone to microstructural degradation known as "sensitization" during welding, heat treatment, or long-term service in the temperature range of 500℃ to 900℃. The core mechanism of sensitization is the precipitation of chromium-rich carbides at grain boundaries, leading to the formation of "chromium-depleted zones" near the grain boundaries, thereby significantly reducing the material's resistance to intergranular corrosion. Sensitization not only significantly weakens the material's corrosion resistance but may also reduce toughness and strength, and even induce failure accidents such as stress corrosion cracking and intergranular corrosion, seriously threatening the operational safety and structural integrity of the equipment. Therefore, accurate and timely assessment of the degree of sensitization of austenitic stainless steel is an important foundation for ensuring the safe operation of critical industrial equipment and realizing scientific life prediction and maintenance decisions.

[0043] Traditional methods for detecting the degree of sensitization in austenitic stainless steel mainly include chemical etching (such as the ASTM A262 series), dual-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (DL-EPR), and metallographic microscopy. In the field of nondestructive testing (NDT), while magnetic induction ferrite analyzers can be used to measure ferrite content in welds and base metals, their sensitivity is limited, and their applicability is mainly restricted to scenarios with high ferrite content (e.g., ≥0.2 FN). For the extremely low volume fraction ferromagnetic phases (such as δ-ferrite and α' martensite) generated during sensitization, due to their extremely low content and diffuse distribution, traditional ferrite analyzers lack sufficient sensitivity to capture the early microstructural transformations during sensitization, thus failing to reflect early changes in the degree of sensitization. Other NDT methods, such as ultrasonic and eddy current methods, also suffer from weak changes in physical parameters caused by sensitization, low signal-to-noise ratios, and are easily affected by factors such as grain size and residual stress, making it difficult to establish a stable and sensitive quantitative correlation between the degree of sensitization and macroscopic physical signals. The aforementioned traditional methods, as standardized evaluation tools, still have limitations, specifically as follows:

[0044] ① Highly destructive / invasive: Standard corrosion testing and metallographic methods are both destructive or non-destructive testing methods. They require cutting, preparing, or treating samples in specific corrosive media, which can compromise the integrity of the tested component and prevent non-destructive evaluation of in-service equipment. Although electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (EPR) is sensitive, its detection process usually involves electrolysis, making it a micro-destructive or non-destructive test, which similarly limits its application in in-service equipment testing.

[0045] ② Low detection efficiency, complex operation, and poor field applicability: Standard corrosion testing methods require lengthy corrosion and boiling processes and strict media control, typically only feasible in laboratory environments. Metallographic methods demand extremely high sample quality and observer experience, and are only suitable for offline sampling inspection. Electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation methods require sophisticated and expensive equipment, complex operating procedures, and strict environmental control (such as surface preparation, electrolyte, and temperature), resulting in complex operation, time-consuming testing, and difficulty in rapid, portable testing in harsh industrial environments such as high-temperature, high-humidity, or confined spaces.

[0046] ③ Ferromagnetic detectors are not suitable for sensitization assessment of austenitic stainless steel: Ferrite detectors are based on the principle of magnetic permeability and are designed to measure the content of δ-ferrite in welds. Traditional magnetic induction ferrite detectors are designed for ferrite content ≥0.2 FN. However, in addition to carbide precipitation, other ferromagnetic phases (such as σ phase or α' martensite) sometimes precipitate during the sensitization process of austenitic stainless steel. The magnetic properties of these phases may differ from those of δ-ferrite, and the calibration and algorithms of traditional ferrite detectors fail to cover or accurately identify these weak magnetic signals. Therefore, ferrite detectors are not sensitive enough to the precipitation of ferromagnetic phases in the early stages of sensitization or at low content, making it difficult to accurately capture the weak magnetic changes caused by sensitization, resulting in low accuracy and poor reliability of the assessment results.

[0047] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection method that can effectively improve the detection efficiency of austenite sensitization degree.

[0048] The austenite sensitization detection method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 The application environment shown. The austenite sensitization detection system 100 includes a test probe 104 and a control module 102 connected to the test probe 104. In some examples, the test probe 104 includes a permanent magnet that generates a constant magnetic field and a force sensor.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection method, which is applied to... Figure 1 Taking the control module as an example, the explanation includes the following steps S202 to S204. Wherein:

[0050] Step S202: Obtain the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested.

[0051] Among them, the magnetic adsorption force information can be obtained based on the magnetic adsorption force between the austenitic component under test and the test probe of the austenitic sensitization detection system.

[0052] For example, magnetic adsorption force information can characterize the changes in magnetic adsorption force between the austenitic component under test and the test probe.

[0053] In practical applications, a test probe containing a permanent magnet and a high-precision force sensor can be placed perpendicular to the test surface of the austenitic component. While ensuring that the probe is in complete and stable contact with the material surface, pressure is slowly applied. Then, the probe is lifted at a constant, preset pull-out speed (e.g., 1 mm / s to 5 mm / s) in a direction perpendicular to the surface. The control module can record the changes in the magnetic adsorption force of the austenitic component under test during the above process through the force sensor of the test probe, thereby further analyzing and obtaining the magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component under test.

[0054] Specifically, the control module can use the test probe of austenite sensitization detection to obtain the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenite component under test.

[0055] Step S204: Determine the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0056] It should be noted that research shows that even with extremely low ferromagnetic phase content, austenitic stainless steel undergoes measurable changes in overall permeability and static magnetic attraction during sensitization. That is, in addition to chromium depletion due to carbide precipitation at grain boundaries, austenitic stainless steel may also experience the formation or alteration of trace amounts of ferromagnetic phases (such as α' martensite generated by δ-ferrite decomposition or stress-induced phase transformation) in its microstructure during sensitization heat treatment. These trace amounts of ferromagnetic phases will change the overall macroscopic permeability of the material. Understandably, although such changes are extremely weak, according to electromagnetic field theory, the attraction force of a material to a permanent magnet is directly related to its permeability. Therefore, measuring the minute changes in the material's attraction to a permanent magnet under constant magnetic field conditions can provide a highly sensitive response to extremely low magnetic variations.

[0057] It is understandable that, based on the above principles, the magnetic adsorption force information obtained in this application can sensitively reflect the changes in microstructure during the sensitization process, thereby enabling the determination of the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0058] Specifically, the control module can determine the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component under test based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0059] The aforementioned austenite sensitization detection method acquires the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenite component under test through a test probe containing a permanent magnet and a high-precision force sensor. Then, based on this magnetic adsorption force information, the degree of sensitization of the austenite component under test is determined. This application, through the above method, avoids the damage to austenite materials caused by traditional detection methods (such as corrosion tests, metallographic methods, and electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation methods), thus maintaining the integrity of the test material. Furthermore, the detection scheme of this application can also realize online or offline detection functions for in-service equipment. Therefore, when detecting the degree of sensitization of austenite materials in practical applications, it is no longer necessary to stop the equipment under test for sampling, significantly reducing detection costs and improving the detection efficiency of austenite sensitization.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, obtaining the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test includes the following steps S302 to S306. Wherein:

[0061] Step S302: On the sample surface of the austenitic component to be tested, a measurement lattice for the austenitic component to be tested is determined by a preset point layout.

[0062] It is understandable that in order to obtain effective data that can represent the overall sensitization state of the area under test and to assess the uniformity of the sensitization distribution, it is necessary to systematically plan and arrange the measurement points of the austenitic component under test.

[0063] For example, the preset point layout can adopt an equally spaced grid layout, that is, a two-dimensional coordinate system is planned on the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested, and measurements are performed at the nodes of the coordinate system.

[0064] Furthermore, the preset point layout can also adopt a checkerboard pattern for even distribution to cover a wider area, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness of the assessment.

[0065] In some examples, the density of the preset point layout (i.e., the number and spacing of measurement points) can be determined by the size of the component to be measured, the extent of the critical area, and the required evaluation accuracy. Optionally, when a detailed evaluation of a local area is required, the preset point layout can use a 3×3 or 5×5 dot matrix, and the dot spacing can be set to 5mm to 20mm; when a large-area survey is required, the dot spacing can be appropriately increased. It is understood that the embodiments of this application, through multi-point measurement, can effectively avoid single-point measurement deviations caused by local material inhomogeneity or random errors.

[0066] Specifically, when performing sensitization degree testing on the austenitic component to be tested, a measurement lattice for the austenitic component to be tested is determined on the sample surface of the austenitic component to be tested using a preset point layout.

[0067] Step S304: Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy, determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force of each measurement unit in the measurement array, and obtain the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset corresponding to the measurement array.

[0068] It should be noted that when measuring the measurement unit in the measurement array using the measurement probe, the changing magnetic adsorption force data can be obtained through the force sensor, and based on the above-mentioned changing magnetic adsorption force data, the corresponding maximum magnetic adsorption force can be determined.

[0069] For example, the maximum magnetic attraction force measurement strategy can be used to obtain the maximum magnetic attraction force between each measurement unit in the measurement array and the test probe.

[0070] Specifically, the control module can determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force of each measurement unit in the measurement array based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy, and obtain the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset corresponding to all measurement units in the measurement array.

[0071] Step S306: Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, determine the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested.

[0072] For example, the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test can be determined by calculating the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, etc., of the dataset of maximum magnetic adsorption forces.

[0073] Specifically, the control module determines the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test based on the measured maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, so as to provide a data basis for judging the degree of sensitization.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy includes the following steps S402 to S406. Wherein:

[0075] Step S402: The test probe is attached to the surface of the measurement unit of the measurement array, and a preset pressure is applied to the surface of the measurement unit.

[0076] For example, the austenite sensitization detection system can apply a preset amount of pressure to the surface of the measurement unit of the measurement array by means of a pre-compression spring or the like.

[0077] In practical applications, the austenitic sensitization detection system can attach the test probe perpendicularly to the surface to be tested and slowly apply pressure to ensure that the probe is completely and smoothly attached to the material surface.

[0078] Specifically, the control module can control the test probe to adhere to the surface of the measurement unit of the measurement array and apply a preset amount of pressure to the surface of the measurement unit.

[0079] Step S404: At a preset pull-off speed, lift the test probe in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the measuring unit, and simultaneously record the tension change curve corresponding to the process of the test probe going from being fully attached to the surface of the measuring unit to finally being detached.

[0080] Specifically, the austenitic sensitization testing system can lift the test probe at a constant, preset pull-out speed (e.g., 1 mm / s to 5 mm / s) in a direction perpendicular to the surface. During the lifting process, the force sensor of the austenitic sensitization testing system will record the force change curve (also known as the force-displacement curve) of the probe from complete contact to final separation in real time.

[0081] Step S406: Determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force corresponding to the measuring unit based on the peak data corresponding to the tensile force change curve.

[0082] For example, for each measurement of the measuring unit, the peak value of the tension change curve is the maximum static magnetic attraction force (denoted as F_max) corresponding to the measurement point of the measuring unit. This maximum static magnetic attraction force is the basic physical quantity for subsequent evaluation.

[0083] Specifically, the control module can determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force corresponding to the measuring unit based on the peak data corresponding to the tensile force change curve.

[0084] In some possible implementations, after a measurement of a measurement lattice (e.g., a 5×5 lattice) is completed, outlier removal can be performed on the dataset of the maximum magnetic attraction force corresponding to that measurement lattice (i.e., 25 F_max values).

[0085] For example, the outlier removal process described above may include using the Dixon criterion or the Grubbs test to identify and remove outliers in the maximum magnetic attraction force dataset that deviate significantly from other data points (e.g., outliers caused by operational errors or undetected minor defects on the surface being tested). It is understood that this approach can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of austenite sensitization detection.

[0086] In one embodiment, the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test is determined based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, including the following steps:

[0087] The magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component under test is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

[0088] For example, the arithmetic mean F_avg and standard deviation can be calculated for the valid data points in the maximum magnetic attraction force dataset. Among them, the arithmetic mean F_avg can be used as a representative parameter to characterize the overall magnetic adsorption response of the measurement area, while the standard deviation It can reflect the uniformity of sensitization distribution in the region, and the standard deviation The smaller the value, the more uniform the degree of sensitization.

[0089] Specifically, the control module can determine the magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component under test based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic adsorption force information includes the average magnetic adsorption force data and the standard deviation of the magnetic adsorption force data; based on the magnetic adsorption force information, the sensitization degree of the austenitic component to be tested is determined, including the following steps S502 to S504. Wherein:

[0091] Step S502: Based on the comparison results between the average magnetic adsorption force data and the magnetic adsorption force reference data, determine the sensitization level corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested.

[0092] The average magnetic adsorption force data can be obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the effective data points in the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, and can be denoted as F_avg.

[0093] In practical applications, during on-site testing, a recognized unsensitized area (e.g., the base material matrix far from the weld or heat-affected zone) can be found and measured on the same component, or a corresponding benchmark test block can be prepared and its average magnetic adsorption force measured as the magnetic adsorption force benchmark data F_base.

[0094] For example, the average magnetic adsorption force data F_avg corresponding to the tested area is compared with the magnetic adsorption force reference data F_base: if the average magnetic adsorption force data F_avg is significantly higher than F_base, it can be qualitatively determined that the tested area has been sensitized, and the greater the difference between the average magnetic adsorption force data F_avg and the magnetic adsorption force reference data F_base, the more severe the sensitization tendency of the tested area is usually.

[0095] Furthermore, a relative change rate ΔF% = (F_avg - F_base) / F_base × 100% can be defined. This relative change rate can be used to semi-quantitatively classify the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component under test. For example, a preset classification threshold can be set (e.g., ΔF% > 5% is considered slight sensitization, ΔF% > 15% is considered moderate sensitization, etc.), thereby enabling rapid sorting and screening of the severity of sensitization in different regions. It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset classification threshold can be set based on historical data or empirical standards of similar materials, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit it.

[0096] Step S504: Based on the standard deviation data of magnetic adsorption force, determine the uniformity of sensitization distribution of the austenitic component to be tested.

[0097] The standard deviation of magnetic adsorption force can be obtained by calculating the standard deviation of the effective data points in the dataset of maximum magnetic adsorption force, and can be denoted as: .

[0098] It is understandable that the standard deviation of magnetic adsorption force reflects the uniformity of the sensitization distribution of the austenitic component under test. The smaller the standard deviation σ value of magnetic adsorption force, the more uniform the sensitization of the austenitic component under test.

[0099] Specifically, the control module can determine the uniformity of sensitization distribution in the austenitic component under test based on the standard deviation data of magnetic adsorption force. Through this method, this application enables rapid, accurate, and comprehensive detection of the sensitization degree of the austenitic component under test, significantly improving the efficiency of austenitic sensitization degree detection.

[0100] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the method further includes steps S602 to S604. Wherein:

[0101] Step S602: Clean and decontaminate the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested.

[0102] Understandably, to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of magnetic adsorption force measurements and to eliminate the interference of surface condition on the measurement results, standardized surface pretreatment can be performed on the test area of ​​the austenitic component before testing. Surface pretreatment may include cleaning and polishing.

[0103] For example, cleaning and decontamination treatment may include thoroughly wiping the selected test area with an organic solvent such as acetone or anhydrous ethanol to remove oil, dust, scale, rust products or other deposits from the surface.

[0104] Specifically, the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested is cleaned and decontaminated to restore the inherent surface of the metal matrix and avoid the influence of contaminants on the distance between the test probe (magnetic probe) and the material.

[0105] Step S604: Grind the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested according to the preset flatness and roughness standards.

[0106] For example, the polishing process may include unidirectional, uniform mechanical polishing using sandpaper with a grit size of not less than 400# until the surface exhibits a uniform metallic luster.

[0107] It is understandable that the purpose of grinding is to eliminate macroscopic uneven features such as scratches and pits in the test area of ​​the austenitic component, so as to obtain a relatively uniform surface roughness for the austenitic component.

[0108] In some examples, the surface roughness (Ra) of the test area of ​​the austenitic component after grinding is controlled to be below 1.6 μm.

[0109] Specifically, after cleaning and decontamination, the area to be tested can be polished to ensure that the contact state between the test probe and the surface to be tested is highly consistent during each measurement, thereby effectively reducing random measurement errors and improving the accuracy and reliability of sensitization detection.

[0110] To further illustrate the technical solution of this application, this application provides a standardized operating procedure for sensitization degree detection. This procedure, by accurately measuring the magnetic adsorption force of the material surface under the action of a constant magnetic field and standardizing the measurement results, can achieve qualitative and semi-quantitative judgment of the sensitization degree. The standardized operating procedure for sensitization degree detection specifically includes the following four processing steps:

[0111] Part 1: Surface Pretreatment Process of the Component to be Tested: To ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the magnetic adsorption force measurement and eliminate the interference of surface condition on the measurement results, a standardized surface pretreatment is performed on the area to be tested before testing. This surface pretreatment process may specifically include the following steps:

[0112] ① Surface Cleaning and Decontamination: First, thoroughly wipe the selected test area with an organic solvent such as acetone or anhydrous ethanol to remove surface oil, dust, scale, rust products, or other contaminants. This step aims to restore the inherent surface of the metal substrate and prevent contaminants from affecting the spacing between the magnetic probe and the material.

[0113] ② Surface Smoothness and Roughness Control: After cleaning, the area to be measured is polished. It is preferable to use sandpaper with a grit size of at least 400# for uniform, unidirectional mechanical polishing until the surface exhibits a uniform metallic luster. The purpose of polishing is to eliminate macroscopic unevenness such as scratches and pits, and to obtain a relatively consistent surface roughness. Ideally, the surface roughness (Ra) after treatment should be controlled below 1.6 μm. This step is crucial for ensuring a high degree of consistency in the contact state between the permanent magnet probe and the surface being measured during each measurement, and is key to reducing random measurement errors.

[0114] ③ Final cleaning: After polishing, use a clean non-woven cloth soaked in acetone or anhydrous ethanol to thoroughly remove the metal powder and residue generated during polishing, and wait for the surface to dry completely.

[0115] Part Two: Planning and Layout of Measurement Points: In order to obtain effective data that can represent the overall sensitization state of the area to be tested and to evaluate the uniformity of the sensitization distribution, it is necessary to systematically plan and arrange the measurement points.

[0116] For example, in the standardized operating procedure for sensitization degree testing, a gridded layout with equal spacing is recommended. That is, a two-dimensional coordinate system is planned on the pre-processed test area, and measurements are taken at the nodes of the coordinate system. To ensure comprehensiveness of the evaluation, a checkerboard pattern can also be used to cover a wider area. Furthermore, the density of the measurement points (the number and spacing of the measurement points) in this standardized operating procedure for sensitization degree testing depends on the size of the component under test, the extent of the critical area, and the required evaluation accuracy. Optionally, as a typical implementation, for detailed evaluation of local areas, a 3×3 or 5×5 grid can be used, with a point spacing of 5mm to 20mm; for large-area surveys, the point spacing can be appropriately increased. It is understood that multi-point measurement can effectively avoid single-point measurement deviations caused by local material inhomogeneity or random errors.

[0117] Part Three: Field Testing and Data Processing of Magnetic Adsorption Pull-Off Force: This process involves the acquisition and preliminary processing of field data, specifically including the following steps:

[0118] ① Test parameter setting: Use a test probe containing a permanent magnet and a high-precision force sensor. Place the test probe perpendicular to the surface to be tested and slowly apply pressure to ensure that the probe is completely and smoothly attached to the material surface. Then, lift the probe at a constant, preset pull-off speed (e.g., 1 mm / s to 5 mm / s) in a direction perpendicular to the surface. The force sensor will record the tension change curve of the probe in real time from complete attachment to final detachment.

[0119] ② Feature value extraction: For each measurement, the peak value of the force-displacement curve is the maximum static magnetic attraction force at that point, denoted as F_max. This value is the basic physical quantity for subsequent evaluation.

[0120] ③ Outlier Removal: After all measurements are completed for a measurement matrix (e.g., a 5×5 matrix), the 25 obtained F_max values ​​are statistically checked. Dixon's criterion or Grubbs' test can be used to identify and remove outliers that deviate significantly from other data points (e.g., outliers caused by operational errors or undetected minor defects on the surface).

[0121] ④ Calculation of representative average: After removing outliers, the arithmetic mean (F_avg) and standard deviation (σ) are calculated for the remaining valid data points. This F_avg value will serve as a representative parameter characterizing the overall magnetic adsorption response of the measurement area. The standard deviation σ reflects the uniformity of the sensitization distribution in the area; the smaller the σ value, the more uniform the degree of sensitization.

[0122] Part Four: Determination of Sensitization Degree Based on Magnetic Adsorption Force: This step uses the measured representative average value of magnetic adsorption force F_avg to make a preliminary qualitative and semi-quantitative determination of the sensitization degree of the material. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0123] ① Benchmark comparison: When conducting on-site testing, a recognized unsensitized area (such as the base material matrix far away from the weld or heat-affected zone) can be found and measured on the same component, or a corresponding benchmark test block can be prepared and its average magnetic adsorption force measured as the benchmark value F_base.

[0124] ② Qualitative judgment: Compare the average magnetic adsorption force F_avg of the tested area with the baseline value F_base. If F_avg is significantly higher than F_base, it can be qualitatively judged that sensitization has occurred in the area. The greater the difference between F_avg and F_base, the more severe the sensitization tendency is usually.

[0125] ③ Semi-quantitative assessment: By defining a relative change rate ΔF% = (F_avg - F_base) / F_base × 100%, the degree of sensitization can be semi-quantitatively graded. For example, grading thresholds can be preset (e.g., ΔF% > 5% for mild sensitization, ΔF% > 15% for moderate sensitization, etc.), thereby enabling rapid sorting and screening of the severity of sensitization in different regions. It should be noted that these preset grading thresholds can be set based on historical data or empirical standards of similar materials.

[0126] Through the standardized operating procedures described above for sensitization testing, this application enables a rapid and reliable preliminary assessment of the sensitization state of austenitic stainless steel in an industrial setting without damaging components or relying on large equipment, providing a crucial basis for subsequent accurate diagnosis or maintenance decisions.

[0127] It is understood that this application provides an austenitic sensitization detection method for assessing the sensitization degree of austenitic stainless steel. This method, through a rigorous and standardized operating procedure, transforms the magnetic adsorption response principle into a set of efficient and reliable sensitization degree assessment tools that can be executed in industrial settings, thereby producing the following significant technical effects:

[0128] (1) True sensitization damage non-destructive testing is achieved: This application ensures that no damage is caused to austenitic stainless steel components during the testing process through standardized surface pretreatment, precise measurement point arrangement, and light contact or non-contact measurement methods of the probe. Through the above methods, the destructive nature of traditional testing methods (such as corrosion testing, metallographic methods, and electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation methods) to the material is completely avoided, thereby maintaining the integrity of the material and making online or offline testing of in-service equipment possible (without downtime or sampling), thus significantly reducing testing costs and reducing equipment risks caused by sampling.

[0129] (2) Ensuring high sensitivity and reliable preliminary assessment through operational procedures: This application specifies precise pull-out force test parameters (such as probe force and pull-out speed), rigorous data processing procedures (including outlier removal and calculation of representative average values), and clear principles for preliminary determination of sensitization degree. The above-mentioned standardized operational procedures effectively eliminate human error and environmental interference, ensuring that even the weak magnetic changes generated by austenitic stainless steel during sensitization can be captured with high sensitivity and converted into reliable magnetic adsorption force data. This enables the operational procedures of this application to provide rapid (single-point measurement within seconds) and engineering-significant qualitative / semi-quantitative assessment results for early warning of sensitization damage.

[0130] (3) It fills the gap in on-site sensitization assessment procedures and improves practicality: This application innovatively implements the sensitization detection principle based on magnetic adsorption response through a detailed and easy-to-follow operating procedure, solving the pain point of existing non-destructive testing methods lacking on-site operability and standardized procedures when assessing the sensitization of austenitic stainless steel. It is understandable that the testing operation procedure proposed in this application, due to its standardization, ease of learning and repeatability, significantly reduces the threshold of testing and the dependence on the professional skills of operators, making it easy to promote and apply in key industries such as nuclear power, chemical industry, and petrochemical industry.

[0131] (4) Provides convenient decision-making basis for safe equipment operation: The sensitization status data obtained through standardized operating procedures in this application can reflect the damage tendency of in-service austenitic stainless steel components in a real-time and convenient manner. Through the above methods, it provides an immediate and scientific reference basis for risk assessment, preventive maintenance plan formulation and operation optimization of industrial equipment, effectively improving the safety, stability and economic benefits of equipment operation, and avoiding potential equipment accidents caused by sensitization.

[0132] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0133] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection system, the system including a test probe and a control module connected to the test probe; the test probe includes a permanent magnet that generates a constant magnetic field and a force sensor; the control module is used to acquire magnetic adsorption force information of the austenite component to be tested, and to determine the degree of sensitization of the austenite component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0134] It is understood that the solution to the problem provided in this application is similar to the solution from the perspective of the austenite sensitization detection method described above. Therefore, the specific limitations of the embodiments of this application can be found in the limitations of the various austenite sensitization detection method embodiments above, and will not be repeated here.

[0135] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an austenite sensitization detection device for implementing the austenite sensitization detection method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations of one or more austenite sensitization detection device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the austenite sensitization detection method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, this application provides an austenite sensitization detection device 700, which is applied to the control module of an austenite sensitization detection system. The device 700 includes:

[0137] The magnetic adsorption force information acquisition module 702 is used to acquire the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested; the magnetic adsorption force information is obtained based on the magnetic adsorption force between the austenitic component to be tested and the test probe of the austenitic sensitization detection system.

[0138] The sensitization degree determination module 704 is used to determine the sensitization degree of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

[0139] In one embodiment, the magnetic adsorption force information acquisition module 702 is further configured to determine a measurement point array for the austenitic component under test on the sample surface of the austenitic component under test using a preset point layout; determine the maximum magnetic adsorption force of each measurement unit in the measurement point array based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy, and obtain the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset corresponding to the measurement point array; and determine the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

[0140] In one embodiment, the maximum magnetic attraction force measurement strategy includes: attaching a test probe to the surface of a measurement unit of a measurement array and applying a preset pressure to the surface of the measurement unit; lifting the test probe at a preset pull-off speed along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the measurement unit, while recording the tension change curve corresponding to the process of the test probe being fully attached to the surface of the measurement unit and finally detached from the surface of the measurement unit; and determining the maximum magnetic attraction force corresponding to the measurement unit based on the peak data corresponding to the tension change curve.

[0141] In one embodiment, the magnetic adsorption force information acquisition module 702 is further configured to obtain the magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component to be tested by calculating the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

[0142] In one embodiment, the magnetic adsorption force information includes average magnetic adsorption force data and standard deviation magnetic adsorption force data; the sensitization degree determination module 704 is further used to determine the sensitization level corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested based on the comparison result between the average magnetic adsorption force data and the magnetic adsorption force reference data; and to determine the uniformity of sensitization distribution of the austenitic component to be tested based on the standard deviation magnetic adsorption force data.

[0143] In one embodiment, the device 700 further includes a pretreatment module, which is used to clean and remove contaminants from the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested; and to grind the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested according to preset flatness and roughness standards.

[0144] Each module in the aforementioned austenite sensitization detection device 700 can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0145] In one exemplary embodiment, an electronic device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 8As shown, this electronic device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an austenite sensitization detection method. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the electronic device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the electronic device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the present application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0147] In one embodiment, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0148] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0149] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0151] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0152] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting austenite sensitization, characterized in that, A control module for an austenitic sensitization detection system, the method comprising: Obtain magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested; the magnetic adsorption force information is obtained based on the magnetic adsorption force between the austenitic component to be tested and the test probe of the austenitic sensitization detection system. The degree of sensitization of the austenitic component under test is determined based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test includes: On the sample surface of the austenitic component to be tested, a measurement lattice for the austenitic component to be tested is determined by a preset point layout. Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy, the maximum magnetic adsorption force of each measurement unit in the measurement array is determined, and the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset corresponding to the measurement array is obtained. Based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset, the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum magnetic adsorption force measurement strategy includes: The test probe is attached to the surface of the measurement unit of the measurement array, and a preset pressure is applied to the surface of the measurement unit; At a preset pull-out speed, the test probe is lifted in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the measuring unit, and the tension change curve corresponding to the process of the test probe going from being fully attached to the surface of the measuring unit to finally being detached is recorded. Based on the peak data corresponding to the tensile force change curve, the maximum magnetic adsorption force corresponding to the measuring unit is determined.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the magnetic adsorption force information corresponding to the austenitic component under test based on the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset includes: The magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component under test is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the maximum magnetic adsorption force dataset.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic adsorption force information includes average magnetic adsorption force data and standard deviation magnetic adsorption force data; determining the sensitization degree of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information includes: Based on the comparison results between the average magnetic adsorption force data and the magnetic adsorption force reference data, the sensitization level corresponding to the austenitic component to be tested is determined. Based on the standard deviation data of the magnetic adsorption force, the uniformity of the sensitization distribution of the austenitic component under test is determined.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: The test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested is cleaned and decontaminated. According to the preset flatness and roughness standards, the test area of ​​the austenitic component to be tested is ground.

7. An austenitic sensitization detection system, characterized in that, The system includes a test probe and a control module connected to the test probe; the test probe includes a permanent magnet that generates a constant magnetic field and a force sensor; The control module is used to acquire magnetic adsorption force information of the austenitic component to be tested, and to determine the degree of sensitization of the austenitic component to be tested based on the magnetic adsorption force information.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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