High-voltage motor insulation monitoring electromagnetic variable measurement intelligent sensor coupling system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-voltage motor insulation monitoring electromagnetic variable measurement intelligent sensing coupling systems, it is related to electromagnetic measurement technical field, to solve the technical problem that existing technology cannot be carried out non-invasive deterioration state monitoring to coupling system high-voltage vacuum relay under high-voltage motor normal operation, high-voltage side continuously live working condition, including two-way synchronous phase-locked sensing module, full deterioration mode characteristic solving module, deterioration adaptive suppression module and full-link safety check module;The two-way synchronous phase-locked sensing module is used to output sub-threshold excitation signal suitable for coil electrical characteristics to relay coil loop when high-voltage motor normal operation, supporting high-voltage vacuum relay is in the open isolation standby state, the application has the advantages that relay operating state undisturbed deterioration monitoring and super-early warning are realized, unplanned shutdown and high-voltage isolation failure safety hazard are avoided, and long-term safe and stable operation of insulation monitoring system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic measurement technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage motors are critical power equipment in core industrial sectors such as petrochemicals, thermal power generation, metallurgy and mining, and urban water supply and drainage. Their operational safety and stability directly determine the continuous production capacity and operational safety of the entire production line. Online monitoring of the insulation status of high-voltage motor windings is a core technological means to identify potential insulation degradation in advance and prevent major equipment accidents and unplanned shutdowns caused by motor insulation breakdown. In high-voltage motor insulation monitoring systems, the intelligent sensor coupling system is the core hub connecting the high-voltage side of the high-voltage motor windings with the low-voltage insulation monitoring instruments. The high-voltage vacuum relay is the core component in the coupling system that realizes high-voltage isolation and measurement circuit switching; its operating status directly determines the measurement reliability and high-voltage isolation safety of the entire insulation monitoring system.

[0003] Currently, there is a long-standing unresolved problem in the field of monitoring the condition of high-voltage vacuum relays in coupled systems: existing technologies cannot achieve non-invasive monitoring of the deterioration condition of high-voltage vacuum relays under the condition that the high-voltage motor is running normally and the high-voltage side is continuously energized.

[0004] In existing technologies, relay status detection can only be performed offline by maintenance personnel disassembling the machine and connecting high-precision specialized instruments, under the premise that the high-voltage motor is stopped, the high-voltage main circuit is disconnected, and the motor-side grounding switch is closed. This detection method not only requires interrupting the production process, and a single shutdown can cause huge production losses, but it also cannot identify gradual micro-deterioration such as relay contact arcing, metal migration, vacuum reduction, and coil turn aging. It can only trigger alarms after hard faults such as relay contact adhesion or continuity failure occur. This not only fails to achieve predictive maintenance, but also poses a significant safety hazard: gradual relay deterioration can lead to high-voltage isolation failure, low-voltage monitoring instrument burnout, or even motor runaway. In view of this, we propose an intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring, in order to solve the technical problem that existing technologies cannot perform non-invasive degradation monitoring of the high-voltage vacuum relay of the coupling system under normal operation of the high-voltage motor and continuous energization of the high-voltage side.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a smart sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring, comprising a dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, a full degradation mode feature calculation module, a degradation adaptive suppression module, and a full-link security verification module; The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is used to output a subthreshold excitation signal adapted to the electrical characteristics of the coil to the relay coil circuit when the high-voltage motor is running normally and the matching high-voltage vacuum relay is in the disconnected isolation standby state. It also outputs a DC bias-free differential excitation signal that is synchronously locked with the power grid frequency to the main circuit of the relay, and simultaneously collects the response electromagnetic variables corresponding to the two circuits. The effective response components that are coherent with the excitation signal are extracted through phase-locked amplification processing. The full degradation mode feature calculation module is used to match the pre-built relay full degradation mode exclusive feature library based on the collected effective response components to complete relay degradation mode identification, degradation degree quantification and remaining service life prediction. The degradation adaptive suppression module is used to dynamically adjust the control logic and excitation parameters of the relay based on the identified degradation information. The full-link safety verification module is used for monitoring the safety status and abnormal interlocking control of the entire measurement process loop, enabling non-intrusive and disturbance-free measurement under high-voltage energized conditions.

[0007] Preferably, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is equipped with a coil excitation unit, which is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to output a subthreshold excitation signal adapted to the electrical characteristics of the coil. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is always below the minimum activation threshold of the relay, and is used to collect the electromagnetic variables of the excitation response of the coil circuit without triggering the relay action. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is determined by the following formula: ; in, The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. As a preset safety factor, The minimum pull-in voltage threshold for the matching high-voltage vacuum relay; The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal is adapted to the coil electrical characteristics using the following formula: ; in, The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal. To match the inherent resonant frequency of the high-voltage vacuum relay coil, This is the preset frequency adaptation coefficient.

[0008] Preferably, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is further provided with a main circuit differential excitation unit. The main circuit differential excitation unit is connected to the low-voltage side signal of the main circuit of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay, and is used to output a differential excitation signal that is synchronously phase-locked with the power grid frequency to the main circuit of the relay. The differential excitation signal has no DC bias component and is used to collect the response electromagnetic variables of the main circuit of the relay without changing the high-voltage side potential distribution or destroying the circuit isolation state. The differential excitation signal that is phase-locked with the power grid frequency is generated by the following formula: ; in, for The instantaneous value of the time-differential excitation signal. This is the differential excitation amplitude coefficient. The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. It is the power grid reference frequency. The phase-locked phase angle is used for synchronization with the power grid frequency.

[0009] Preferably, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is further provided with a high-precision synchronous sampling control unit. The high-precision synchronous sampling control unit is connected to the coil excitation unit and the main circuit differential excitation unit respectively. It is used to control the synchronous output of the two excitation signals and the synchronous acquisition of the response signals. The response components coherent with the excitation signals are extracted through phase-locked amplification processing, and non-coherent power grid interference and environmental noise are filtered out. The calculation process for extracting the coherent response component through lock-in amplification is achieved through the following formula: ; in, To extract the effective components of the obtained coherent response, The integration period is synchronized with the excitation signal. for The original response signal, after being normalized to its maximum and minimum values, is collected synchronously at all times. This is to synchronously acquire and complete the reference signal after normalization of maximum and minimum values.

[0010] Preferably, the full degradation mode feature calculation module pre-constructs a dedicated feature library for the full degradation mode of the relay. The feature library stores a unique mapping relationship between various degradation modes of the relay and the corresponding response electromagnetic variable features. The degradation mode includes at least one of contact degradation, vacuum seal degradation, coil degradation, and reset structure degradation. Each type of degradation mode is assigned a dedicated electromagnetic feature identifier. The full degradation mode feature calculation module is equipped with a time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit. The time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit is used to decompose the collected response electromagnetic variables in the time domain and frequency domain, extract the corresponding multi-dimensional feature vectors, and complete the accurate identification of degradation mode and quantification of degradation degree through feature matching algorithm, while removing the normal parameter offset caused by environmental factors and operating condition fluctuations. The construction and degradation quantification of the multi-dimensional feature vectors are achieved through the following formula: ; in, This is the multi-dimensional feature vector extracted from the currently acquired signal. For time-domain feature vectors, It is a frequency domain eigenvector; ; in, This represents the characteristic deviation of the current state relative to the reference state. This is the baseline feature vector of the relay in its initial health state. This refers to the 2-norm operation for vectors.

[0011] Preferably, the full degradation mode feature calculation module is further provided with a life prediction unit. The life prediction unit is used to fit the life decay curve of the corresponding degradation mode based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, combined with the relay's historical operating data, working condition impact records and initial health benchmark data, to complete the accurate prediction of the remaining service life of the relay, and output a graded early warning signal. The prediction of the remaining service life of the relay is achieved by the following formula: ; in, This represents the remaining service life of the relay. For the rated design life of the relay, This represents the degradation rate coefficient corresponding to the degradation mode. This is a quantification of the degree of degradation. This represents the number of historical operation cycles of the relay.

[0012] Preferably, the degradation adaptive suppression module is provided with an excitation parameter optimization unit and a graded fault-tolerant control unit. The excitation parameter optimization unit is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to dynamically adjust the excitation signal characteristics of the relay coil based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, compensate for the performance degradation caused by relay degradation, optimize the contact engagement and disengagement characteristics, and delay the degradation process. The hierarchical fault-tolerant control unit is used to classify the corresponding risk levels based on the degree of relay deterioration and remaining service life, and match the corresponding level of safety control strategy. The optimized adjustment of the relay coil excitation signal is achieved through the following formula: ; in, The amplitude of the optimized coil excitation signal This is the reference amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. For the degradation compensation coefficient, This is a quantified value for the degree of degradation; The safety control strategy includes at least one of the following: degradation tracking and reinforcement strategy, measurement accuracy compensation strategy, and safety interlocking strategy, which is used to maintain the stable operation of the coupling system while ensuring the safety of high voltage isolation. The risk level classification of the relay is achieved through the following formula: ; in, The overall risk coefficient for relays. For the remaining service life, This refers to the rated design life of the relay.

[0013] Preferably, the end-to-end safety verification module is provided with a pre-measurement verification unit, a real-time monitoring unit during measurement, and a closed-loop verification unit after measurement. The pre-measurement verification unit is used to inject a low-power detection signal into the circuit before each excitation signal output, collect the safety status characteristics of the circuit, and confirm that the high-voltage circuit is in a stable isolation state and has no abnormal overvoltage risk before starting the formal measurement process. The real-time monitoring unit in the measurement process is used to monitor the leakage current characteristics, coil excitation current characteristics and grid voltage fluctuation characteristics of the circuit in real time throughout the entire measurement process. If an abnormal signal exceeding the safety boundary is detected, the excitation signal output is stopped immediately and the measurement circuit is locked. The post-measurement closed-loop verification unit is used to inject a verification probe signal into the loop after each measurement process to confirm that the relay main circuit is in a reliably disconnected isolation state, thus completing the safe closed loop of the entire measurement process.

[0014] Preferably, the full degradation mode feature calculation module is signal-connected to the matching insulation monitoring host, and is used to synchronously transmit the identified relay degradation information and the remaining service life prediction results to the insulation monitoring host. Based on the received degradation information, the insulation monitoring host dynamically adjusts the calculation model and sampling logic of insulation resistance measurement to compensate for the insulation measurement error caused by relay degradation and ensure the long-term stability of insulation measurement accuracy. The accuracy compensation for the insulation resistance measurement is achieved through the following formula: ; in, The actual measured value of insulation resistance after compensation. The raw measurement values ​​collected by the insulation monitoring host. This is the error compensation coefficient. This is a quantified value for the degree of degradation.

[0015] Preferably, the degradation adaptive suppression module is further provided with a multi-circuit redundancy switching unit, which is connected to multiple sets of high-voltage vacuum relays for signal connection. It is used to dynamically switch the main and backup working circuits based on the degradation degree and remaining service life of each set of relays, so as to balance the workload and number of operations of each set of relays. The system is also equipped with a standardized communication module, which is connected to the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, the full degradation mode feature calculation module, the degradation adaptive suppression module, and the full-link security verification module to realize bidirectional data interaction between the coupled system and the host computer system. The switching weight calculation for the multi-loop primary and backup working loops is achieved through the following formula: ; in, For the first The working weight of the relay group For the first The overall risk coefficient of the relay group; The allocation of the number of operations for each group of relays is achieved using the following formula: ; in, For the first The number of times the relay group is assigned to operate. To meet the total number of actions required, For the first The working weight of the relay group The total number of relay groups to be installed. This is the serial number variable for the relay group.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention designs a dual-channel synchronous phase-locked loop sensing module that outputs a subthreshold excitation signal to the relay coil circuit and a differential excitation signal without DC bias to the main circuit. From the amplitude perspective, the excitation signal is strictly limited to prevent it from triggering relay contact action, and from the potential perspective, the excitation signal is guaranteed not to disrupt the high-voltage side isolation state. Without affecting the normal operation of the high-voltage motor, without altering the main circuit wiring, and without disassembling the machine, the response electromagnetic variables of both circuits are simultaneously acquired. Through phase-locked loop amplification processing, effective characteristic signals submerged in strong electromagnetic interference are extracted, enabling real-time identification and ultra-early warning of gradual degradation of the relay. This fundamentally avoids unplanned shutdowns caused by relay fault detection and eliminates the safety hazard of high-voltage isolation failure caused by gradual relay degradation.

[0017] 2. This invention also pre-constructs a dedicated mapping feature library of various degradation modes and electromagnetic characteristics of relays through a full degradation mode feature calculation module. Through time-frequency domain feature fusion processing, the collected response electromagnetic variables are decomposed and feature extracted in multiple dimensions, which can accurately distinguish different degradation types such as contact degradation, vacuum seal degradation, coil degradation, and reset structure degradation. At the same time, the degree of degradation is accurately quantified by normalized feature deviation calculation. Combined with the relay's historical operating data and operating condition impact records, the life decay curve of the corresponding degradation mode is fitted to accurately predict the remaining service life and output graded early warning signals. This provides accurate and practical guidance for equipment operation and maintenance, avoiding blind disassembly and over-maintenance in the traditional operation and maintenance mode, and significantly reducing the labor cost and equipment maintenance cost. At the same time, through the graded fault-tolerant control unit, corresponding safety control strategies are matched for different risk levels, maximizing the continuous and stable operation of the insulation monitoring system while ensuring the absolute safety of high-voltage isolation.

[0018] 3. This invention also utilizes a degradation adaptive suppression module to dynamically optimize the excitation parameters of the relay coil based on the identified degradation mode and degree, compensating for the performance degradation caused by relay degradation, optimizing the contact engagement and disengagement characteristics, reducing arc erosion during contact operation, and slowing down the relay degradation process at the system level, effectively extending the relay's service life. Through a full-link safety verification module, a full-process safety control mechanism is constructed, encompassing pre-measurement verification, real-time monitoring during measurement, and closed-loop verification after measurement, eliminating safety risks such as high-voltage intrusion and isolation failure during live-line monitoring. Simultaneously, through a multi-circuit redundant switching unit, the main and backup working circuits are dynamically switched based on the degradation state of each relay, balancing the workload and number of operations of each relay, avoiding excessive degradation of a single-circuit relay, significantly extending the overall service life of the coupled system. Furthermore, it can dynamically compensate for system errors in insulation measurement based on the relay degradation state, ensuring the accuracy and stability of high-voltage motor insulation monitoring throughout the relay's entire lifespan, and realizing full-process closed-loop management of the coupled system's monitoring, protection, optimization, and compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system framework of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the full degradation mode feature calculation module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1, as Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring, including a dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, a full degradation mode feature calculation module, a degradation adaptive suppression module, and a full-link security verification module; The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is used to synchronously output two excitation signals to the relay coil circuit and the relay main circuit when the high-voltage motor is running normally and the matching high-voltage vacuum relay is in the disconnected isolation standby state, and synchronously collect the corresponding response electromagnetic variables of the two circuits. The full degradation mode feature calculation module is used to match the pre-built relay full degradation mode exclusive feature library based on the collected response electromagnetic variables to complete relay degradation mode identification, degradation degree quantification and remaining service life prediction. The degradation adaptive suppression module is used to dynamically adjust the control logic and excitation parameters of the relay based on the identified degradation information. The end-to-end safety verification module is used for monitoring the safety status and interlocking control of the entire measurement process loop, enabling non-intrusive and disturbance-free measurement under high-voltage energized conditions.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is provided with a coil excitation unit. The coil excitation unit is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay and is used to output a subthreshold excitation signal adapted to the coil electrical characteristics to the relay coil circuit. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is always below the minimum pull-in threshold of the relay and is used to collect the electromagnetic variables of the excitation response of the coil circuit without triggering the relay action. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is determined by the following formula: ; in, The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal represents the voltage amplitude of the excitation signal ultimately output to the relay coil. The preset safety factor is used to limit the safety margin between the excitation amplitude and the pull-in threshold, ensuring that the excitation process will not trigger the relay action. This is used to ensure that the excitation signal amplitude is well below the relay's activation threshold, preventing false triggering. Its value range is determined based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the relay coil, power supply fluctuations, and component dispersion. Typically, it is set to... When the relay coil parameters are well-consistent and the power supply ripple is small, the upper limit value can be selected to obtain a higher response signal-to-noise ratio; when the relay shows signs of aging or the electromagnetic interference in the working environment is severe, the lower limit value should be selected to retain a larger safety margin. In this embodiment, The preferred value is 0.2; The minimum pull-in voltage threshold for a high-voltage vacuum relay is an inherent electrical parameter of the relay itself, representing the minimum voltage value that can trigger the relay contacts to operate. The output amplitude of the excitation signal is determined by multiplying the inherent engagement threshold of the relay with a preset safety factor. The core is to strictly limit the excitation amplitude below the relay action threshold by using the safety factor to prevent the excitation signal from triggering the relay to malfunction, while ensuring that the excitation signal has enough energy to complete the acquisition of the coil response characteristics. The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal is adapted to the coil electrical characteristics using the following formula: ; in, The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal represents the frequency value of the excitation signal ultimately output to the relay coil. The inherent resonant frequency of the high-voltage vacuum relay coil is the inherent electrical characteristic parameter of the relay coil itself, representing the reference frequency at which the coil circuit resonates; The preset frequency adaptation coefficient is used to optimize the matching degree between the excitation frequency and the coil characteristics, and improve the acquisition accuracy of the response signal. Used to fine-tune the excitation frequency, placing it within the coil impedance-sensitive region to improve the detectability of degradation characteristics. Its value range is typically [range missing]. When it is necessary to focus on monitoring the degradation caused by changes in coil inductance, a frequency slightly below the resonant point should be selected. The value is taken as 0.9 to 1.0; when it is necessary to consider the resistivity degradation, a frequency slightly higher than the resonant point can be selected. In this embodiment, The preferred value is 1.0, which means directly exciting the coil at its natural resonant frequency; The output frequency of the excitation signal is determined by multiplying the inherent resonant frequency of the relay coil with the frequency adaptation coefficient. The core is to ensure that the frequency of the excitation signal is precisely matched with the inherent electrical characteristics of the coil, thereby maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the excitation response signal and reducing the impact of environmental electromagnetic interference on the acquisition results.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is further provided with a main circuit differential excitation unit. The main circuit differential excitation unit is connected to the low-voltage side signal of the main circuit of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to output a differential excitation signal that is synchronously phase-locked with the power grid frequency to the main circuit of the relay. The differential excitation signal has no DC bias component. It is used to collect the response electromagnetic variables of the main circuit of the relay without changing the high-voltage side potential distribution or destroying the circuit isolation state. The differential excitation signal for phase-locked synchronization with the power grid frequency is generated using the following formula: ; in, for The instantaneous value of the differential excitation signal at different times represents the instantaneous voltage value of the differential excitation signal output to the main circuit of the relay at different times; This is the differential excitation amplitude coefficient, used to limit the amplitude range of the differential excitation signal and ensure that the excitation signal does not disrupt the loop isolation state; Differential excitation amplitude coefficient The signal strength injected into the low-voltage side of the main circuit is determined. To avoid affecting the potential distribution on the high-voltage side and to prevent interference with relay protection devices, the signal amplitude must be strictly controlled. Typically, The range of values ​​is In substations or motor control centers with relatively clean electromagnetic environments, a smaller value can be used; if the on-site power frequency harmonic interference is strong, it can be appropriately increased to 0.03-0.05 to enhance anti-interference capability, but it must not exceed the safe voltage limit to ground. In this embodiment... The preferred value is 0.02; The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is given, and the amplitude reference input parameter of the differential excitation signal is given. The power grid reference frequency is the inherent frequency parameter of the power grid operation, used to achieve phase-locked synchronization between the excitation signal and the power grid frequency; The phase-locked phase angle is used to synchronize with the power grid frequency, and the synchronization parameter is obtained by real-time acquisition of the power grid phase to ensure that the excitation signal is synchronized with the power grid frequency. By combining the subthreshold excitation reference amplitude, differential excitation coefficient, and orthogonal trigonometric functions, a differential excitation signal that is synchronously locked with the power grid frequency is generated. The core is to cancel the DC bias by superimposing the orthogonal components, thereby achieving symmetrical excitation without DC components, avoiding changes in the high-voltage side potential distribution by the excitation signal, and ensuring that the high-voltage isolation state is not compromised.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is further provided with a high-precision synchronous sampling control unit. The high-precision synchronous sampling control unit is connected to the coil excitation excitation unit and the main circuit differential excitation unit respectively. It is used to control the synchronous output of the two excitation signals and the synchronous acquisition of the response signals. The response components coherent with the excitation signals are extracted through phase-locked amplification processing, and non-coherent power grid interference and environmental noise are filtered out. The calculation process for extracting the coherent response component through lock-in amplification is achieved using the following formula: ; in, The effective components of the extracted coherent response represent the effective degradation feature signals after filtering out interference, and are the core foundational data for subsequent feature extraction and degradation identification. The integral period is synchronized with the excitation signal, and the time parameter is matched with the excitation signal period. It is used to limit the time range of the integral operation and ensure the synchronization of the phase-locked operation. for The original response signal after normalization of the maximum and minimum values ​​is collected synchronously at all times, which is the original input signal containing effective components and interference noise. To synchronously acquire and complete the reference signal after maximum and minimum value normalization, it is taken from the subthreshold excitation signal or differential excitation signal, and used to lock the frequency and phase reference of the coherent components; By integrating the product of the normalized original response signal and the synchronization reference signal within one integration period and then dividing by the integration period duration, the effective response component coherent with the excitation signal is extracted. The core is to filter out incoherent interference noise that is not in the same frequency or phase as the excitation signal through phase-locked integration, and accurately extract the degraded characteristic signal submerged in strong interference.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the full degradation mode feature calculation module pre-constructs a dedicated feature library for the full degradation modes of relays. The feature library stores a unique mapping relationship between various degradation modes of relays and the corresponding response electromagnetic variable features. The degradation modes include at least one of contact degradation, vacuum seal degradation, coil degradation, and reset structure degradation. Each type of degradation mode is assigned a dedicated electromagnetic feature identifier.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the full degradation mode feature calculation module is provided with a time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit. The time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit is used to decompose the collected response electromagnetic variables in the time domain and frequency domain, extract the corresponding multi-dimensional feature vectors, and complete the accurate identification of degradation mode and quantification of degradation degree through feature matching algorithm, while removing the normal parameter offset caused by environmental factors and operating condition fluctuations. The construction of multi-dimensional feature vectors and the quantification of their degradation level are achieved through the following formula: ; in, It is a multi-dimensional feature vector extracted from the currently acquired signal, which integrates the full-dimensional features of the time and frequency domain of the response signal and is a digital representation of the relay's operating status. The time-domain feature vector is a set of time-domain features extracted from the response signal, including time-domain degradation features such as signal amplitude, time delay, and waveform distortion. The frequency domain feature vector is a set of frequency domain features extracted from the response signal, including the frequency domain degradation features of the signal spectrum distribution, harmonic ratio, and impedance frequency response. By concatenating time-domain feature vectors and frequency-domain feature vectors, feature vectors covering all dimensions of the time and frequency domains are constructed. The core is to integrate the dynamic change characteristics of the response signal in the time domain with the spectral distribution characteristics in the frequency domain, comprehensively characterize the operating state of the relay, and provide a complete feature basis for quantifying the degree of degradation. ; in, It is the characteristic deviation of the current state relative to the reference state, that is, the quantified value of the degree of deterioration. It is a dimensionless value that characterizes the current degree of deterioration of the relay. It is the reference feature vector of the relay in its initial health state, which is the digital reference of the health state obtained by the relay's factory calibration. It has undergone the same normalization process as the current feature vector and is the comparison reference for degradation quantification. The 2-norm operation is used to calculate the magnitude of an eigenvector, representing the overall eigenvalue of the eigenvector. The characteristic deviation of the current state relative to the health benchmark is calculated by dividing the norm of the difference between the current characteristic vector and the initial health benchmark characteristic vector by the norm of the benchmark characteristic vector. The core is to quantify the degree of degradation of the relay relative to the initial health state through normalized deviation calculation, and to remove the quantization error caused by the difference in the absolute value of the characteristics.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the full degradation mode feature calculation module is further provided with a life prediction unit. The life prediction unit is used to fit the life decay curve of the corresponding degradation mode based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, combined with the relay's historical operating data, working condition impact records and initial health benchmark data, to complete the accurate prediction of the remaining life of the relay, and output a graded early warning signal. The remaining service life of a relay can be predicted using the following formula: ; in, The remaining service life of the relay is represented by the same number of operating cycles as the rated design life, indicating the remaining usable life of the relay. The rated design life of the relay is the rated service life parameter specified by the manufacturer when the relay is manufactured. It serves as the benchmark input for life prediction. , which is the dimensionless degradation rate coefficient corresponding to the degradation mode, and , which is the degradation development rate parameter corresponding to different degradation modes, used to match the development law of different degradation modes. Deterioration rate coefficient To reflect the rate of development under specific degradation modes, calibration is required using accelerated life testing and historical field data. For contact degradation, The range of values ​​is generally as follows: For vacuum seal deterioration, the value range is: For coil degradation, the value range is: If no historical data is available, the median value can be taken initially and adaptively adjusted as online monitoring data accumulates. This is a quantification value for the degree of degradation, and an input parameter characterizing the current severity of degradation. The number of historical operating cycles of the relay represents the impact intensity of the operating conditions during the relay's historical operation. The remaining service life of a relay is calculated by multiplying its rated design life by a natural exponential function. The core of this method is to fit the degradation trend based on the degree of degradation, the number of historical operations, and the degradation rate of the corresponding degradation mode, thereby predicting the remaining usable life of the relay and achieving early warning of faults.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the degradation adaptive suppression module is provided with an excitation parameter optimization unit. The excitation parameter optimization unit is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to dynamically adjust the excitation signal characteristics of the relay coil based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, compensate for the performance degradation caused by the degradation of the relay, optimize the contact engagement and disengagement characteristics, and delay the degradation process. The optimal adjustment of the relay coil excitation signal is achieved through the following formula: ; in, The optimized and adjusted coil excitation signal amplitude represents the coil excitation reference amplitude after degradation compensation; is the reference amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal, and is the reference input parameter for excitation optimization; is the degradation compensation coefficient, and is the pre-calibrated compensation adjustment parameter used to match the excitation performance attenuation corresponding to the degree of degradation; compensation coefficient This depends on the relay coil's pull-in ampere-turn margin design. Generally, relay coils have a pull-in margin of 1.5 to 2.0 times the rated voltage. Therefore, The range of values ​​is That is, the compensated excitation amplitude can be increased to up to 1.5 times the base value (corresponding to...). When the voltage reaches 1, it must not exceed the rated voltage of the relay coil. In this embodiment... Set it to 0.8; This is a quantification value for the degree of degradation, and an input parameter characterizing the current severity of degradation. The excitation signal amplitude of the relay coil is optimized and adjusted by multiplying the subthreshold excitation reference amplitude with the degradation compensation coefficient. The core is to dynamically compensate for the attenuation of excitation performance caused by the degradation of the relay based on the current degree of degradation, optimize the contact engagement and disengagement characteristics, and slow down the degradation process.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the degradation adaptive suppression module is further provided with a hierarchical fault-tolerant control unit, which is used to classify the corresponding risk level based on the degree of degradation and remaining service life of the relay, and match the corresponding level of safety control strategy. The safety control strategy includes at least one of the following: degradation tracking and reinforcement strategy, measurement accuracy compensation strategy, and safety interlocking strategy, which is used to maintain the stable operation of the coupled system while ensuring the safety of high voltage isolation. The risk level classification of relays is achieved using the following formula: ; in, The comprehensive risk coefficient of the relay represents the current operational risk level of the relay. Remaining service life is an input parameter characterizing the remaining usable life of the relay. The rated design life of the relay is the rated service life parameter specified by the manufacturer at the time of manufacture. It serves as the benchmark input for risk quantification. The comprehensive risk coefficient of a relay is calculated by subtracting the ratio of its remaining service life to its rated design life from 1. The core idea is to convert the remaining service life into a standardized quantitative risk value, providing a unified quantitative benchmark for risk level classification and control strategy matching. The matching rule for risk level and control strategy is: when When the risk level is low, a degradation tracking and reinforcement strategy is applied; when When the risk level is medium, a measurement accuracy compensation strategy is applied; when When the risk level is high, a safety interlock strategy should be implemented.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the end-to-end safety verification module is provided with a pre-measurement verification unit. The pre-measurement verification unit is used to inject a low-power detection signal into the circuit before each excitation signal output, collect the safety status characteristics of the circuit, and confirm that the high-voltage circuit is in a stable isolation state and has no risk of abnormal overvoltage before starting the formal measurement process. If an abnormal state is detected, the measurement circuit will be immediately locked and the excitation signal output will be prohibited. The safety status assessment before measurement is achieved using the following formula: ; in, The amplitude of the loop induced voltage obtained from the low-power detection signal acquisition is denoted as , and the loop state parameter acquired in real time represents the current induced voltage level of the loop. The preset safe voltage threshold for the circuit is a pre-calibrated safety boundary parameter, representing the maximum allowable induced voltage value of the circuit under stable isolation conditions. This is determined according to GB / T18216 Electrical Safety - Insulation Monitoring Equipment for Low-Voltage Power Distribution Systems and related high-voltage safety standards. At the neutral point or winding output terminal of a high-voltage motor, even if the relay is disconnected, distributed capacitive coupling may induce a voltage. Typically, this is set... In this embodiment, a safe voltage limit of 36V is set. By comparing the amplitude of the circuit induced voltage acquired by the detection signal with the preset safe voltage threshold, it is determined whether the circuit is in a safe and measurable state. The core is to verify the isolation status of the high-voltage circuit before formal measurement, avoid starting the measurement under abnormal overvoltage conditions, and ensure the safety of the measurement process. When the formula is true, the decision loop is in a safe state, allowing the formal measurement process to begin; In an embodiment of the present invention, the end-to-end safety verification module is further provided with a real-time monitoring unit during measurement. The real-time monitoring unit during measurement is used to monitor the leakage current characteristics, coil excitation current characteristics and grid voltage fluctuation characteristics of the circuit in real time throughout the measurement process. If an abnormal signal exceeding the safety boundary is detected, the excitation signal output is immediately stopped and the measurement circuit is locked to ensure that the high-voltage isolation state is not damaged throughout the process. The abnormal status judgment in real-time monitoring during measurement is achieved through the following formula: ; in, The effective value of the leakage current in the circuit is monitored in real time, and the circuit safety parameter is collected in real time, representing the current leakage current level of the high-voltage isolation circuit; The preset leakage current safety threshold is a pre-calibrated safety boundary parameter, representing the maximum allowable leakage current value of the high-voltage isolation circuit; Leakage current safety threshold Based on the leakage current requirements for isolation equipment in GB14048 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, and considering the ground capacitance current of the high-voltage motor system, it is usually taken as... ; The effective value of the coil excitation current is monitored in real time, while the coil circuit parameters are collected in real time, representing the current level of the current coil excitation circuit. The preset excitation current safety threshold is the pre-calibrated safety boundary parameter, representing the maximum allowable current value in the coil excitation circuit; Excitation current safety threshold The setting is based on the rated current of the relay coil, generally taken as 50% to 80% of the rated current. For example, for a coil with a rated current of 100mA... It can be set to 50mA to 80mA to prevent coil overheating or drive circuit overload; By simultaneously comparing the real-time monitored circuit leakage current with the leakage current safety threshold and the coil excitation current with the excitation current safety threshold, it is determined whether an abnormal state occurs during the measurement process. The core is to monitor the safety status of the circuit in real time throughout the measurement process. Once the safety boundary is exceeded, an interlocking operation is immediately executed to prevent safety accidents. When the formula is not true, it is determined to be an abnormal state, and the loop interlocking operation is immediately executed.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, the end-to-end security verification module is further provided with a post-measurement closed-loop verification unit. The post-measurement closed-loop verification unit is used to inject a verification probe signal into the loop after each measurement process to confirm that the main circuit of the relay is in a reliably disconnected isolation state, and to verify that the measurement process has not affected the isolation performance of the relay or the safety of the loop, thus completing the security closed loop of the entire measurement process. The isolation status confirmation for post-measurement closed-loop verification is achieved using the following formula: ; in, The amplitude of the loop induced voltage obtained from the detection signal acquisition is used to verify the measurement after measurement; the loop state parameters are collected after the measurement is completed. The initial loop induced voltage amplitude collected during the pre-verification process before this measurement serves as the loop state reference parameter before the measurement. The preset allowable deviation threshold is the pre-calibrated deviation boundary parameter, representing the maximum allowable voltage deviation value that is not affected by the relay isolation state; By comparing the absolute value of the difference between the loop induced voltage collected by the detection signal after measurement and the initial induced voltage before measurement, and the preset allowable deviation threshold, it is determined whether the relay isolation state is affected by the measurement process. The core is to verify that the high voltage isolation performance of the relay is not damaged throughout the measurement process, and to complete the safety closed loop of the measurement process. When the formula is true, it is determined that the relay isolation state is not affected by the measurement process, and the safety closed-loop verification is completed.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the full degradation mode feature calculation module is signal-connected to the matching insulation monitoring host, and is used to synchronously transmit the identified relay degradation information and the remaining service life prediction results to the insulation monitoring host. Based on the received degradation information, the insulation monitoring host dynamically adjusts the calculation model and sampling logic of insulation resistance measurement to compensate for the insulation measurement error caused by relay degradation and ensure the long-term stability of insulation measurement accuracy. Accuracy compensation for insulation resistance measurement is achieved using the following formula: ; in, The measured value of the true insulation resistance after compensation represents the true insulation resistance value of the high-voltage motor winding after correcting for system errors. These are the raw measured values ​​collected by the insulation monitoring host, representing the raw insulation resistance data without correction for systematic errors. , is a dimensionless error compensation coefficient, and is a pre-calibrated system error correction parameter, used to match the insulation measurement error caused by relay deterioration; This coefficient characterizes the relative error introduced by relay degradation into the insulation measurement circuit. It is obtained by calibrating the insulation measurement deviations of a healthy relay with those of a relay in a known degradation state. Typically, an increase in contact resistance or a decrease in vacuum introduces a positive error, making... Too big The value range is generally 0.1 to 0.3; This is a quantification value for the degree of degradation, and an input parameter characterizing the current severity of degradation. By multiplying the original insulation measurement value with the error compensation coefficient, the insulation measurement error caused by relay deterioration is corrected to obtain the true insulation resistance measurement value. The core is to dynamically compensate for the measurement system error caused by the deterioration based on the degree of relay deterioration, so as to ensure the long-term stability of insulation measurement accuracy.

[0033] In embodiments of the present invention, a standardized communication module is also provided. The standardized communication module is connected to the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, the full degradation mode feature calculation module, the degradation adaptive suppression module, and the full-link security verification module respectively. It is used to realize bidirectional data interaction between the coupled system and the host computer system, transmit the operating status, degradation information and early warning signals upward, and receive the control commands and configuration parameters issued by the host computer downward.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the degradation adaptive suppression module is further provided with a multi-loop redundancy switching unit. The multi-loop redundancy switching unit is connected to multiple sets of high-voltage vacuum relays for signal connection. It is used to dynamically switch the main and backup working circuits based on the degradation degree and remaining service life of each set of relays, balance the workload and number of operations of each set of relays, avoid excessive degradation of a single-loop relay, and extend the overall service life of the coupled system. The switching weight calculation for multi-loop primary and backup working loops is achieved through the following formula: ; in, For the first The working weight of a relay group represents the priority and proportion of the workload undertaken by the corresponding relay. For the first The overall risk coefficient of a group of relays is an input parameter that characterizes the operational risk of the corresponding relays; The operating weight of a relay is calculated by subtracting its comprehensive risk coefficient from 1. The core idea is to convert the operating risk of a relay into its operating weight. The lower the risk of a relay, the higher its operating weight, thus providing a quantitative benchmark for multi-circuit redundancy switching and load balancing. The allocation of the number of operations for each group of relays is achieved using the following formula: ; in, For the first The number of actions assigned to a group of relays represents the number of actions that the corresponding relay needs to perform. The input parameter is the total number of actions required for the coupled system. For the first The working weight of the relay group; The total number of relay groups required for the system is a hardware configuration parameter for a multi-circuit system. This is the sequence number variable for the relay group, used to iterate through all relay groups and calculate the total weight sum; The number of actions allocated to each relay is calculated by dividing the total number of actions required by the ratio of the weight of a single relay group to the total weight. The core principle is to balance the number of actions and workload based on the working weight of each relay, so as to avoid excessive degradation of a single relay group and extend the overall service life of the coupled system.

[0035] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A smart sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring, characterized in that, It includes a dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, a full degradation mode feature calculation module, a degradation adaptive suppression module, and a full-link security verification module; The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is used to output a subthreshold excitation signal adapted to the electrical characteristics of the coil to the relay coil circuit when the high-voltage motor is running normally and the matching high-voltage vacuum relay is in the disconnected isolation standby state. It also outputs a DC bias-free differential excitation signal that is synchronously locked with the power grid frequency to the main circuit of the relay, and simultaneously collects the response electromagnetic variables corresponding to the two circuits. The effective response components that are coherent with the excitation signal are extracted through phase-locked amplification processing. The full degradation mode feature calculation module is used to match the pre-built relay full degradation mode exclusive feature library based on the collected effective response components to complete relay degradation mode identification, degradation degree quantification and remaining service life prediction. The degradation adaptive suppression module is used to dynamically adjust the control logic and excitation parameters of the relay based on the identified degradation information. The full-link safety verification module is used for monitoring the safety status and abnormal interlocking control of the entire measurement process loop, enabling non-intrusive and disturbance-free measurement under high-voltage energized conditions.

2. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is equipped with a coil excitation unit. The coil excitation unit is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay and is used to output a subthreshold excitation signal adapted to the electrical characteristics of the coil. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is always below the minimum activation threshold of the relay and is used to collect the electromagnetic variables of the excitation response of the coil circuit without triggering the relay action. The amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal is determined by the following formula: ； in, The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. As a preset safety factor, The minimum pull-in voltage threshold for the matching high-voltage vacuum relay; The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal is adapted to the coil electrical characteristics using the following formula: ； in, The output frequency of the subthreshold excitation signal. To match the inherent resonant frequency of the high-voltage vacuum relay coil, This is the preset frequency adaptation coefficient.

3. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is also equipped with a main circuit differential excitation unit. The main circuit differential excitation unit is connected to the low-voltage side signal of the main circuit of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to output a differential excitation signal that is synchronously phase-locked with the power grid frequency to the main circuit of the relay. The differential excitation signal has no DC bias component and is used to collect the response electromagnetic variables of the main circuit of the relay without changing the high-voltage side potential distribution or destroying the circuit isolation state. The differential excitation signal that is phase-locked with the power grid frequency is generated by the following formula: ； in, for The instantaneous value of the time-differential excitation signal. This is the differential excitation amplitude coefficient. The output amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. It is the power grid reference frequency. The phase-locked phase angle is used for synchronization with the power grid frequency.

4. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module is also equipped with a high-precision synchronous sampling control unit. The high-precision synchronous sampling control unit is connected to the coil excitation unit and the main circuit differential excitation unit respectively. It is used to control the synchronous output of the two excitation signals and the synchronous acquisition of the response signals. The response components that are coherent with the excitation signals are extracted through phase-locked amplification processing, and non-coherent power grid interference and environmental noise are filtered out. The calculation process for extracting the coherent response component through lock-in amplification is achieved through the following formula: ； in, To extract the effective components of the obtained coherent response, The integration period is synchronized with the excitation signal. for The original response signal, after being normalized to its maximum and minimum values, is collected synchronously at all times. This is to synchronously acquire and complete the reference signal after normalization of maximum and minimum values.

5. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full degradation mode feature calculation module pre-constructs a dedicated feature library for the full degradation modes of relays. The feature library stores a unique mapping relationship between various degradation modes of relays and corresponding response electromagnetic variable features. The degradation modes include at least one of contact degradation, vacuum seal degradation, coil degradation, and reset structure degradation. Each type of degradation mode is assigned a unique electromagnetic feature identifier. The full degradation mode feature calculation module is equipped with a time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit. The time-frequency domain feature fusion processing unit is used to decompose the collected response electromagnetic variables in the time domain and frequency domain, extract the corresponding multi-dimensional feature vectors, and complete the accurate identification of degradation mode and quantification of degradation degree through feature matching algorithm, while removing the normal parameter offset caused by environmental factors and operating condition fluctuations. The construction and degradation quantification of the multi-dimensional feature vectors are achieved through the following formula: ； in, This is the multi-dimensional feature vector extracted from the currently acquired signal. For time-domain feature vectors, It is a frequency domain eigenvector; ； in, This represents the characteristic deviation of the current state relative to the reference state. This is the baseline feature vector of the relay in its initial health state. This refers to the 2-norm operation for vectors.

6. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The full degradation mode feature calculation module is also equipped with a life prediction unit. The life prediction unit is used to fit the life decay curve of the corresponding degradation mode based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, combined with the relay's historical operating data, working condition impact records and initial health benchmark data, to complete the accurate prediction of the remaining service life of the relay, and output a graded early warning signal. The prediction of the remaining service life of the relay is achieved by the following formula: ； in, This represents the remaining service life of the relay. For the rated design life of the relay, This represents the degradation rate coefficient corresponding to the degradation mode. This is a quantification of the degree of degradation. This represents the number of historical operation cycles of the relay.

7. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The degradation adaptive suppression module is equipped with an excitation parameter optimization unit and a graded fault-tolerant control unit. The excitation parameter optimization unit is connected to the coil control circuit signal of the matching high-voltage vacuum relay. It is used to dynamically adjust the excitation signal characteristics of the relay coil based on the identified degradation mode and degradation degree, compensate for the performance degradation caused by relay degradation, optimize the contact engagement and disengagement characteristics, and slow down the degradation process. The hierarchical fault-tolerant control unit is used to classify the corresponding risk levels based on the degree of relay deterioration and remaining service life, and match the corresponding level of safety control strategy. The optimized adjustment of the relay coil excitation signal is achieved through the following formula: ； in, The amplitude of the optimized coil excitation signal This is the reference amplitude of the subthreshold excitation signal. For the degradation compensation coefficient, This is a quantified value for the degree of degradation; The security control strategy includes at least one of the following: degradation tracking and reinforcement strategy, measurement accuracy compensation strategy, and security interlocking strategy. The risk level classification of the relay is achieved through the following formula: ； in, The overall risk coefficient for relays. For the remaining service life, This refers to the rated design life of the relay.

8. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full-link safety verification module is sequentially equipped with a pre-measurement verification unit, a real-time monitoring unit during measurement, and a closed-loop verification unit after measurement. The pre-measurement verification unit is used to inject a micro-power detection signal into the circuit before each excitation signal output, collect the safety status characteristics of the circuit, and confirm that the high-voltage circuit is in a stable isolation state and has no abnormal overvoltage risk before starting the formal measurement process. The real-time monitoring unit in the measurement process is used to monitor the leakage current characteristics, coil excitation current characteristics and grid voltage fluctuation characteristics of the circuit in real time throughout the entire measurement process. If an abnormal signal exceeding the safety boundary is detected, the excitation signal output is stopped immediately and the measurement circuit is locked. The post-measurement closed-loop verification unit is used to inject a verification probe signal into the loop after each measurement process to confirm that the relay main circuit is in a reliably disconnected isolation state, thus completing the safe closed loop of the entire measurement process.

9. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The full degradation mode feature calculation module is connected to the matching insulation monitoring host via signal. It is used to synchronously transmit the identified relay degradation information and the remaining service life prediction results to the insulation monitoring host. Based on the received degradation information, the insulation monitoring host dynamically adjusts the calculation model and sampling logic of insulation resistance measurement to compensate for the insulation measurement error caused by relay degradation. The accuracy compensation for the insulation resistance measurement is achieved through the following formula: ； in, The actual measured value of insulation resistance after compensation. The raw measurement values ​​collected by the insulation monitoring host. This is the error compensation coefficient. This is a quantified value for the degree of degradation.

10. The intelligent sensing coupling system for measuring electromagnetic variables in high-voltage motor insulation monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The degradation adaptive suppression module is also equipped with a multi-circuit redundancy switching unit. The multi-circuit redundancy switching unit is connected to multiple sets of high-voltage vacuum relays for signal connection. It is used to dynamically switch the main and backup working circuits based on the degradation degree and remaining service life of each set of relays, so as to balance the workload and number of operations of each set of relays. The system is also equipped with a standardized communication module, which is connected to the dual-channel synchronous phase-locked sensing module, the full degradation mode feature calculation module, the degradation adaptive suppression module, and the full-link security verification module to realize bidirectional data interaction between the coupled system and the host computer system. The switching weight calculation for the multi-loop primary and backup working loops is achieved through the following formula: ； in, For the first The working weight of the relay group For the first The overall risk coefficient of the relay group; The allocation of the number of operations for each group of relays is achieved using the following formula: ； in, For the first The number of times the relay group is assigned to operate. To meet the total number of actions required, For the first The working weight of the relay group The total number of relay groups to be installed. This is the serial number variable for the relay group.

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