A method and system for regulating stress redistribution of surrounding rock of a mining disturbance roadway

Abstract

A kind of mining disturbance roadway surrounding rock stress redistribution regulation method and system belong to mine strata control and underground engineering support technical field, method: design stress guide layer space layout and material performance curve, numerical simulation is optimized layout parameter and regulation threshold value;Construction directional drilling injection controllable rheological composite material forms artificial guide layer, and constructs monitoring network;Calculate stress migration criterion index and migration rate, according to initial, through, diffusion three stages implement grading intervention;Through cumulative stress diffusion index evaluates efficiency.The system: guide layer construction subsystem is used for construction directional drilling and injection controllable rheological material forms artificial stress guide layer;Perception regulation subsystem is used for by multi-source sensor real-time monitoring stress state and executing intervention instruction;Intelligent decision-making subsystem is used for based on monitoring data to identify stress migration stage, regulation intervention dose and evaluate efficiency, forms closed-loop control.The present application can significantly improve the stability and safety of mining disturbance roadway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine rock strata control and underground engineering support technology, specifically a method and system for regulating the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of disturbed mining roadways. Background Technology

[0002] As the depth and intensity of mineral resource extraction continue to increase, the disturbance to the surrounding rock of roadways caused by mining activities becomes increasingly severe. Roadways located at depth or under the influence of intense mining are often situated in complex, high-stress environments, with severely unbalanced stress distribution in the surrounding rock. This can easily induce catastrophic deformations such as large-scale expansion of plastic zones, continuous rheology, and even rockbursts, posing a serious threat to mine safety and efficient mining. Traditional passive support and localized stress relief measures can alleviate surface stress in the surrounding rock to some extent, but they cannot fundamentally optimize the stress field distribution of the surrounding rock mass, making it difficult to effectively resolve the core contradiction of long-term, dynamic stress concentration. Therefore, developing a technology that can actively and effectively regulate the redistribution of surrounding rock stress and guide the continuous transfer of high stress to deeper, stable rock masses has become a key scientific problem and major technological requirement that urgently needs to be addressed in the fields of deep mining and underground engineering.

[0003] Currently, research and practice on stress control in roadway surrounding rock have yielded various technical approaches, mainly focusing on roof pre-splitting, sidewall drilling for stress relief, and high-strength active support. The core principle of these methods is mostly to construct artificial weak surfaces or reinforced support structures at specific locations around the roadway to achieve localized stress release or load bearing. However, these existing technologies generally have inherent limitations: First, their effective range has strict boundaries; the resulting stress relief or reinforcement zone is usually limited to a few meters around the roadway, much like setting up a static barrier around the stress concentration area, unable to effectively extend the influence to deeper rock masses. Second, the control effect is one-off; the stress state adjustment is completed instantaneously upon intervention, but lacks sustainability, making it difficult to adapt to long-term, dynamic load changes caused by mining disturbances, potentially causing stress to converge again around the roadway. Third, they lack the ability to systematically guide the stress field of large structures; existing methods mostly focus on "point" or "local" treatment, failing to construct a channel that allows high stress to dissipate smoothly and orderly into deeper rock masses. These shortcomings cause existing technologies to often fall into the dilemma of "effective in the early stage but ineffective in the later stage" and "pressure relief in one place and pressure concentration in another" when dealing with deep, high dynamic pressure roadways.

[0004] In order to fundamentally overcome the above-mentioned technical bottlenecks, it is urgent to provide a method and system for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of disturbed mining roadways, so as to provide a new solution for the long-term stable control of deep and heavily mined roadways. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method and system for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway. This method can effectively control the speed and process of stress transmission from the inner layer to the deeper rock mass on the outer side, and can achieve long-term, stable, and controllable transfer of large structural stress in the surrounding rock. This system can promote the continuous and slow migration of high stress concentrated around the roadway to deeper rock masses, and can achieve long-term optimization and fundamental improvement of the large structural stress distribution in the surrounding rock of the roadway. It can significantly improve the stability, safety, and long-term service reliability of the surrounding rock of the roadway under mining disturbance conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of disturbed mining roadways, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Design of guiding parameters and control logic; design of stress guiding layer parameters and material property curves, optimization through numerical simulation, establishment of stress migration identification model and setting of graded intervention thresholds;

[0008] S2: Construction of stress guiding layer and deployment of monitoring network; directional drilling is carried out at a predetermined position outside the high stress zone, and controllable rheological composite material is injected to form an artificial stress guiding layer parallel to the roadway outline; stress gauges, strain gauges and micro-vibration sensors are simultaneously embedded inside and outside the stress guiding layer to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network.

[0009] S3: Dynamic control of the guidance process based on stress migration process perception;

[0010] S31: Real-time monitoring of stress state; real-time acquisition of multi-source monitoring data, and dynamic acquisition of stress distribution data inside and outside the stress guiding layer;

[0011] S32: Stress migration stage identification; determine the current stress peak location. and its migration distance relative to the initial position Combined with design migration distance Calculate the stress migration criterion index The stress migration stage is divided into an initial stage, a crossing stage, or a diffusion stage.

[0012] S33: Active intervention and dynamic regulation; based on stress migration rate Lower threshold and upper limit threshold Regulate accordingly; in the initial stage, do not actively intervene; during the transition phase, when... At that time, a precise accelerated intervention was initiated, using a precise intervention dose. Inject chemical activators; when At that time, a fine deceleration intervention was initiated, using a fine intervention dose. Injecting chemical inhibitors; during the diffusion phase, when Persistently below At that time, initiate a coarse accelerated intervention with a smaller coarse intervention dose. Inject chemical activators; when consistently higher At that time, initiate a coarse deceleration intervention with a small coarse intervention dose. Injecting chemical inhibitors; when At that time, no proactive intervention was carried out.

[0013] Furthermore, to achieve continuous improvement in stress guiding layer design, materials, and control strategies, thereby enhancing long-term stress control effectiveness, the following measures are also included:

[0014] S4: Performance evaluation and optimization;

[0015] The cumulative stress diffusion index, used to quantitatively evaluate the overall effectiveness of the stress guiding layer throughout its working cycle, was determined based on the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the cumulative stress diffusion index. The effectiveness of the stress guiding layer is evaluated, and the evaluation results are fed back to optimize the location, material parameters, and control strategies of the guiding layer in subsequent construction.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to achieve refined and coordinated pre-control of the spatial layout of the stress guiding layer, material property curves, and control logic, and to provide a scientific basis for subsequent dynamic control, the design process of the guiding parameters and control logic in S1 is as follows:

[0017] S11: Geomechanical assessment and guidance scheme design; detect and determine the range of high stress zone, depth of plastic zone and deep rock mass structure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and identify key bearing layers and potential impact hazard areas; based on the assessment results, design the spatial orientation, quantity and thickness of stress guiding layers, as well as the initial strength and preset weakening time curve of controllable rheological composite materials.

[0018] S12: Stress guiding layer thickness optimization design; The optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer is determined based on the initial stress gradient of the surrounding rock and the material property decay rate.

[0019] S13: Scheme optimization based on numerical simulation; establish a numerical model of the surrounding rock including a stress guiding layer, simulate the stress migration process under different geological conditions and mining disturbances, analyze the influence of guiding layer parameters on the stress redistribution of the surrounding rock, identify key parameters, and optimize the spatial layout parameters, material property curves and control logic thresholds of the guiding layer.

[0020] S14: Control logic setting; Based on the numerical simulation optimization results, establish a stress migration identification model, set threshold conditions for triggering different levels of external intervention, including stress migration rate threshold and stress migration criterion index threshold, to provide decision-making basis for subsequent dynamic control;

[0021] Furthermore, in order to quantify and actively control the degradation law of material properties, and to provide a designable technical approach for accurately matching the aging behavior of stress-guided layers with engineering requirements, in S11, the elastic modulus of the controllable rheological composite material is... In time The internal temperature changes according to a preset decay function, as shown in formula (1);

[0022] (1);

[0023] In the formula, This is the initial elastic modulus of the material; This is the final residual modulus coefficient; This is the decay rate control parameter; This is the decay start time.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to achieve precise design of the guiding layer thickness considering the synergistic effect of geological conditions and material properties, the optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer is determined in S12 according to formula (2). ;

[0025] (2);

[0026] In the formula, The initial stress gradient around the tunnel; This is the average decay rate parameter of the controllable rheological composite material during the main working stage; The shear modulus of the deep surrounding rock; , which is a dimensionless empirical coefficient related to tunnel size and lithology.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to construct a comprehensive criterion index that effectively quantifies the stage and degree of stress migration, and to provide a precise decision-making basis for hierarchical dynamic control, in S32, the stress migration criterion index is first determined according to formula (3). ;

[0028] (3);

[0029] In the formula, and These represent the average stresses at monitoring points on the inner and outer sides of the stress guiding layer, respectively. To design the migration distance;

[0030] Then based on the stress migration criterion index The stress migration stages are divided according to the following process:

[0031] when It is determined to be in the initial stage;

[0032] when This is determined to be the time travel phase;

[0033] when It was determined to be in the diffusion stage.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to achieve dynamic quantification of the stress migration rate and provide an intuitive and continuous rate index for subsequent stage identification and graded control, the stress migration rate is calculated in S33 according to formula (4). ;

[0035] (4).

[0036] Furthermore, in order to establish a quantitative correlation between the fine and coarse intervention doses and the corresponding attenuation parameter adjustment step size and the volume of the guidance layer to be intervened, so as to achieve precise on-demand control of the amount of chemical agent injected under different intervention granularities, in S33, the fine intervention dose is obtained according to formula (5). The rough intervention dose is obtained according to formula (6). ;

[0037] (5);

[0038] (6);

[0039] In the formula, This is the dose-attenuation coefficient conversion factor; This is the volume-based dose coefficient; The volume of the stress-guiding layer to be intervened; To finely adjust the step size; This is for roughly adjusting the step size.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to normalize and quantify the cumulative effect of stress increment at deep monitoring points during the evaluation period with the initial stress peak, so as to achieve a holistic evaluation of the stress diffusion comprehensive effectiveness of the stress guiding layer throughout the entire working period, in S4, the cumulative stress diffusion index is obtained according to formula (7). ;

[0041] (7);

[0042] In the formula, For the evaluation period; for The stress increment at the deep monitoring point relative to the initial state at any given time; This represents the initial peak stress around the tunnel.

[0043] This invention proposes a novel paradigm for surrounding rock stress control. Its core lies in abandoning traditional static blocking or instantaneous stress treatment approaches, and instead exploring a dynamic, proactive, and long-term control method that enables the continuous and controllable migration of high stress from the roadway periphery to the deeper rock mass. First, the parameters of the stress-guiding layer are designed based on the fundamental parameters of the roadway's surrounding rock, ensuring the control scheme closely matches the actual geological conditions of the specific roadway and improving its relevance. By establishing a judgment model and other scientific methods, parameters and thresholds are determined, enhancing the scientific rigor and rationality of the scheme. Pre-setting graded intervention thresholds provides a clear basis for dynamic control during subsequent stress migration. Second, directional drilling is conducted at predetermined locations, and specially formulated controllable rheological composite materials are injected to form a stress-guiding layer, ensuring the precision of the stress-guiding layer's setting and enabling it to more effectively guide stress migration. Simultaneously, a three-dimensional monitoring network is constructed to comprehensively and in real-time acquire the state information of the stress-guiding layer and its surrounding rock, providing reliable data support for subsequent dynamic control and ensuring the effectiveness of the control measures. Next, real-time acquisition of multi-source monitoring data facilitates real-time tracking of stress migration status. The stress migration criterion index is used to divide the process into stages, and different intervention measures are implemented based on different stages and stress migration rates, demonstrating the dynamic nature of the control process and enabling timely responses to various changes during stress migration. Fine and coarse interventions are employed at different stages based on the stress migration rate, with specific intervention methods tailored to different rates, such as injecting chemical activators or inhibitors and adjusting attenuation parameters, achieving refined control. Simultaneously, intervention measures are flexibly adjusted based on real-time data and stage divisions, allowing the control process to better adapt to complex and variable stress migration conditions. This enables a smooth and controllable transfer of stress peaks from the periphery of the tunnel to deeper rock masses, avoiding the risk of sudden stress release and significantly expanding the stress relief range, thus improving the safety of the control. Therefore, this invention can dynamically control the weakening rate of composite materials through active intervention, thereby precisely controlling the speed and process of stress transmission from the guide layer to deeper stable rock masses. This invention constructs an artificial stress-guiding layer with controllable time-varying mechanical properties in the deep rock mass outside the high-stress zone around the roadway, and integrates real-time sensing and dynamic control. This transforms the traditional instantaneous pressure relief or static reinforcement mode into a new mode that guides stress smoothly and continuously from the shallow to the deep, thereby fundamentally optimizing the stress distribution of the surrounding rock structure and improving the long-term stability of deep and heavily mined roadways.

[0044] This method is simple to implement and has low implementation costs. It can effectively control the speed and process of stress transmission from the inner layer to the outer deep rock mass, breaking through the limitations of existing technologies in terms of limited scope and unsustainable effects. It realizes the long-term, stable and controllable transfer of stress in the surrounding rock structure, providing a brand-new solution for the long-term stability control of deep and strongly mining roadways.

[0045] The present invention also provides a stress redistribution control system for the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway, which is used to realize a method for stress redistribution control of the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway, including a guide layer construction subsystem, a sensing and control subsystem, and an intelligent decision control subsystem;

[0046] The guiding layer construction subsystem includes directional drilling equipment, a controllable rheological composite material, and an injection device. The directional drilling equipment is used to construct directional boreholes parallel to the roadway contour at a predetermined depth outside the high-stress zone around the roadway, providing a channel for material injection. The controllable rheological composite material is a chemical slurry with preset time-varying properties. Its elastic modulus changes with time according to a decay function. The decay rate is controlled by adjusting the slow-release modifier in the material formulation, achieving active controllability of performance. The injection device includes a stirring device, a grouting pump, and a delivery pipeline, used to inject the controllable rheological composite material into the directional boreholes at a designed dosage to form an artificial stress guiding layer.

[0047] The sensing and control subsystem includes a multi-source sensor array, a data acquisition and analysis unit, and an external intervention unit. The multi-source sensor array is deployed inside the stress guiding layer and in the surrounding rock inside and outside it, and includes stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors for real-time acquisition of stress, strain, and micro-fracture signals. The data acquisition and analysis unit is connected to the sensor array and is used to acquire multi-source monitoring data in real time, perform preprocessing, and then upload the processed data to the intelligent decision-making and control subsystem. The external intervention unit includes an injection pipeline pre-embedded in the borehole and a matching chemical reagent delivery device, used to receive instructions from the intelligent decision-making subsystem and precisely inject chemical activators or inhibitors into the stress guiding layer to dynamically adjust the material attenuation parameters.

[0048] The intelligent decision-making and control subsystem includes a stress migration identification unit, a migration rate calculation unit, a control decision unit, and an effectiveness evaluation unit. The stress migration identification unit calculates the stress migration criterion index based on received multi-source monitoring data and automatically divides the system into initial, crossing, and diffusion stages according to preset thresholds. The migration rate calculation unit tracks the stress peak position and calculates the stress migration rate. The control decision unit generates fine or coarse intervention instructions based on the stage identification results and migration rate, combined with preset rate thresholds and intervention dose models, and sends them to the external intervention unit. The effectiveness evaluation unit calculates the cumulative stress diffusion index and, in conjunction with the long-term stability of the surrounding rock in the roadway, comprehensively evaluates the working effectiveness of the stress guiding layer and feeds back the evaluation results to optimize the initial design parameters of the stress guiding layer.

[0049] In this invention, by incorporating directional drilling equipment, controllable rheological composite materials, and injection equipment into the guiding layer construction subsystem, directional drilling parallel to the roadway contour can be constructed at a predetermined depth outside the high-stress zone surrounding the roadway using the directional drilling equipment. This overcomes the limitations of traditional support systems that only set up passive load-bearing structures around the roadway, allowing intervention nodes to be moved forward to critical locations along the stress transmission path. Simultaneously, it facilitates the full utilization of the time-varying characteristics of the controllable rheological composite material, where the elastic modulus decays over time. By adjusting the slow-release modifier, the decay rate can be precisely controlled, enabling the mechanical properties of the artificial stress guiding layer to actively evolve with the mining disturbance process. Based on the injection equipment injecting the material into the boreholes at the designed dosage, the resulting artificial stress guiding layer can actively attract and guide the surrounding rock stress to transfer to deeper areas away from the roadway, thereby optimizing the stress distribution around the roadway from the source and achieving a fundamental shift from passive bearing to active guidance. The multi-source sensor array in the sensing and control subsystem is deployed inside the stress guiding layer and in the surrounding rock both inside and outside it. This facilitates the real-time acquisition of stress, strain, and micro-fracture signals via stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors, constructing a three-dimensional monitoring network covering both inside and outside the guiding layer. This enables multi-physics sensing of the entire stress migration process. Simultaneously, the data acquisition and analysis unit facilitates real-time preprocessing and uploading of monitoring data, providing a reliable data foundation for intelligent decision-making. The external intervention unit, including injection pipelines and chemical reagent delivery devices pre-embedded in the borehole, can precisely inject chemical activators or inhibitors into the stress guiding layer upon receiving instructions from the intelligent decision-making subsystem. This dynamically adjusts the material's attenuation parameters, allowing the guiding layer's performance to be adjusted as needed during service, thus achieving a leap from static design to dynamic control. For the intelligent decision-making and control subsystem, the stress migration identification unit can calculate the stress migration criterion index based on multi-source monitoring data and automatically divide the stress migration process into the initial stage, the crossing stage, and the diffusion stage according to preset thresholds, realizing the quantitative classification of the impact process of mining disturbance. The migration rate calculation unit can track the stress peak position and calculate the migration rate, providing a quantitative basis for determining the timing and intensity of regulation and intervention. The regulation decision unit can generate fine or coarse intervention instructions based on the stage identification results and migration rate, combined with preset rate thresholds and intervention dosage models, realizing the precise matching of regulation strategies and stress migration stages, avoiding over-intervention or under-intervention. The performance evaluation unit can calculate the cumulative stress diffusion index, comprehensively evaluate the working performance of the stress guiding layer in combination with the long-term stable state of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and feed the evaluation results back to optimize the initial design parameters of the guiding layer, enabling the system to have the ability to continuously evolve.This invention moves the control node of mining disturbance stress from the periphery of the roadway to the key position of stress transmission path, realizing a fundamental transformation from passive bearing to active guidance; through the combination of time-varying materials and external intervention, the performance of the guiding layer is adjustable and controllable during service; through the integration of multi-source sensing and intelligent decision-making, the stress migration process is accurately identified and adaptively controlled.

[0050] This system enables the high stress concentrated around the roadway to migrate continuously and slowly to deeper rock masses, achieving long-term optimization and fundamental improvement of the stress distribution of the roadway surrounding rock structure, and significantly enhancing the stability, safety and long-term service reliability of the roadway surrounding rock under mining disturbance conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the control method in this invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the control system in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: Design of guiding parameters and control logic;

[0056] Based on the basic parameters of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the spatial layout parameters and material property curves of the stress guiding layer are designed. The spatial layout parameters and control thresholds of the guiding layer are optimized through numerical simulation. A stress migration identification model is established and a graded intervention threshold is set.

[0057] To achieve precise and coordinated pre-control of the spatial layout of the stress guiding layer, material property curves, and control logic, and to provide a scientific basis for subsequent dynamic control, the design process of the guiding parameters and control logic is as follows:

[0058] S11: Geomechanical assessment and guidance scheme design; through drilling, geophysical exploration and laboratory testing, determine the range of high stress zone, depth of plastic zone and deep rock mass structure of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and identify key bearing strata and potential impact hazard areas; based on the assessment results, design the spatial orientation, quantity, thickness of stress guiding layer and the initial strength and preset weakening time curve of controllable rheological composite material to ensure that the guiding layer is located outside the plastic zone and within the key bearing structure;

[0059] To quantify and actively control the degradation patterns of material properties, and to provide a designable technical approach for precisely matching the aging behavior of stress-guided layers with engineering requirements, the elastic modulus of controllable rheological composite materials is crucial. In time The internal temperature changes according to a preset decay function, as shown in formula (1);

[0060] (1);

[0061] In the formula, This is the initial elastic modulus of the material; The final residual modulus coefficient ( The residual stiffness of a material after long-term softening is determined by its residual stiffness. It is a decay rate control parameter that determines how fast the modulus decays; The decay start time is controlled by adjusting the slow-release modifier in the material formulation. This allows for the active and controllable degradation of material properties.

[0062] S12: Stress guiding layer thickness optimization design; The optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer is determined based on the initial stress gradient of the surrounding rock and the material property decay rate.

[0063] In order to achieve precise design of the guiding layer thickness by comprehensively considering the synergistic effect of geological conditions and material properties, the optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer is determined according to formula (2). ;

[0064] (2);

[0065] In the formula, The initial stress gradient around the tunnel; This is the average decay rate parameter of the controllable rheological composite material during the main working stage; The shear modulus of the deep surrounding rock; , which is a dimensionless empirical coefficient related to tunnel size and lithology.

[0066] S13: Scheme optimization based on numerical simulation; establish a numerical model of the surrounding rock including a stress guiding layer, simulate the stress migration process under different geological conditions and mining disturbances, analyze the influence of guiding layer parameters on the stress redistribution of the surrounding rock, identify key parameters, and optimize the spatial layout parameters, material property curves and control logic thresholds of the guiding layer.

[0067] S14: Control logic setting; Based on the numerical simulation optimization results, establish a stress migration identification model, set threshold conditions for triggering different levels of external intervention, including stress migration rate threshold and stress migration criterion index threshold, to provide decision-making basis for subsequent dynamic control;

[0068] S2: Construction of stress guiding layer and deployment of monitoring network;

[0069] Based on the determined spatial orientation (located outside the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway and within the critical load-bearing structure where rockburst may occur), quantity, and optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer, directional drilling is carried out at a predetermined deep location outside the high-stress zone around the roadway, and controllable rheological composite material is injected to form at least one artificial stress guiding layer parallel to the roadway contour; simultaneously, stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors are embedded in the surrounding rock inside and outside the stress guiding layer to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network;

[0070] As a preferred approach, multiple artificial stress-guiding layers can be formed, arranged sequentially from shallow to deep. In this way, the stress can be transferred to the deeper parts of the rock mass in a multi-level and gradual manner through the relay effect of multiple stress-guiding layers arranged sequentially from shallow to deep, thus forming a long-term stress diffusion channel.

[0071] S3: Dynamic control of the guidance process based on stress migration process perception;

[0072] S31: Real-time monitoring of stress state; Based on a three-dimensional monitoring network, stress, strain and micro-fracture signals are collected in real time as multi-source monitoring data, and stress distribution data on the inner side (near roadway side) and outer side (far roadway side) of the stress guiding layer are dynamically obtained.

[0073] S32: Stress migration stage identification; by spatial interpolation and analysis of stress values ​​at each measuring point, the current stress peak position is determined. and its migration distance relative to the initial position Combined with design migration distance Calculate the stress migration criterion index And based on the stress migration criterion index The stress migration stage can be divided into the initial stage, the crossing stage, or the diffusion stage.

[0074] In order to construct a comprehensive criterion index that effectively quantifies the stage and degree of stress migration, and to provide a precise decision-making basis for hierarchical dynamic control, the stress migration criterion index is first determined according to formula (3). Stress migration criterion index Used to quantitatively assess whether the stress peak effectively penetrates the guide layer; when At that time, it was determined that the stress peak had effectively penetrated the guide layer and migrated to the deeper outer part.

[0075] (3);

[0076] In the formula, and These are the average stresses at monitoring points on the inner and outer sides of the stress guiding layer, respectively, in MPa. The design migration distance is expressed in meters (m).

[0077] Then based on the stress migration criterion index The stress migration stages are divided according to the following process:

[0078] when This is considered to be in the initial stage, indicating that the stress peak has not yet approached the guiding layer. Therefore, monitoring is the primary approach, and no active intervention is taken.

[0079] when The test was determined to be in the crossing phase, indicating that the stress peak was crossing the guide layer and fine-tuning was required.

[0080] when This indicates that the stress peak has effectively penetrated the guide layer and migrated to the deeper outer layers, thus reducing the intensity of the intervention.

[0081] S33: Active intervention and dynamic regulation; based on stress migration rate Lower threshold Upper limit threshold Fine intervention dosage Rough intervention dose Dynamic regulation is achieved through a collaborative feedback control mechanism with stage-specific criteria;

[0082] In the initial stage, the stress state is continuously monitored in real time without active intervention.

[0083] During the crossing phase, when If the stress migration is determined to be too slow, a fine-tuning intervention is initiated, using a pre-embedded injection pipeline to apply a precise dose. Injecting chemical activators into the stress guiding layer to finely increase the attenuation parameters. To accelerate the migration speed; when If the stress migration is determined to be too rapid, a fine deceleration intervention is initiated, using injection equipment via an injection pipeline pre-embedded in the borehole to apply a fine intervention dose. Injecting chemical inhibitors into the stress-guiding layer to finely reduce the attenuation parameters. This slows down the migration speed;

[0084] During the diffusion phase, when Persistently below At that time, initiate a coarse accelerated intervention with a smaller coarse intervention dose. (below the fine intervention dose) To facilitate low-intensity intervention, a chemical activator is injected into the stress-guiding layer, and the stress migration is moderately accelerated by appropriately increasing the amount of activator injected; when consistently higher At that time, initiate a coarse deceleration intervention with a small coarse intervention dose. (below the fine intervention dose) To facilitate low-intensity intervention, chemical inhibitors are injected into the stress-guiding layer, and the stress migration rate is moderately slowed down by appropriately increasing the amount of chemical inhibitor injected; when At that time, maintain the current state and do not take proactive measures.

[0085] In order to achieve dynamic quantification of stress migration rate and provide an intuitive and continuous rate index for subsequent stage identification and graded control, the stress migration rate is calculated according to formula (4). ;

[0086] (4).

[0087] In order to establish a quantitative correlation between the fine and coarse intervention doses and the corresponding attenuation parameter adjustment step size and the volume of the guiding layer to be intervened, so as to achieve precise on-demand control of the amount of chemical agent injected under different intervention granularities, in S33, the fine intervention dose is obtained according to formula (5). The rough intervention dose is obtained according to formula (6). ;

[0088] (5);

[0089] (6);

[0090] In the formula, This is the dose-attenuation coefficient conversion factor; This is the volume-based dose coefficient; The volume of the stress-guiding layer to be intervened is in meters (m). 3 ; To finely adjust the step size; This is for roughly adjusting the step size.

[0091] To achieve continuous improvement in stress guiding layer design, materials, and control strategies, thereby enhancing long-term stress control effectiveness, the following measures are also included:

[0092] S4: Performance evaluation and optimization;

[0093] The cumulative stress diffusion index, used to quantitatively evaluate the overall effectiveness of the stress guiding layer throughout its working cycle, was determined based on the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the cumulative stress diffusion index. The effectiveness of the stress guiding layer is evaluated, and the evaluation results are fed back to optimize the location, material parameters, and control strategies of the guiding layer in subsequent construction.

[0094] In this technical solution, the location, material parameters, and control strategies of the guiding layer in subsequent construction are optimized based on the feedback of the evaluation results, forming a continuously improving system. This system can dynamically adjust intervention strategies according to the actual response of the surrounding rock, helping to continuously improve the effect of stress redistribution control and better adapt to the stress control needs under different roadway conditions, thus enhancing engineering adaptability. Based on performance evaluation and optimization, this invention forms a complete technical process from guiding layer construction, process sensing, dynamic control to performance evaluation. By constructing an artificial stress guiding layer with controllable time-varying mechanical properties in the deep rock mass outside the high-stress zone around the roadway, and integrating real-time sensing and dynamic control, the traditional instantaneous pressure relief or static reinforcement mode is transformed into a new mode that smoothly and continuously guides stress from shallow to deep, thereby fundamentally optimizing the stress distribution of the surrounding rock structure and improving the long-term stability of deep and heavily mined roadways.

[0095] In order to normalize and quantify the cumulative effect of stress increment at deep monitoring points during the evaluation period with the initial stress peak, so as to achieve a holistic evaluation of the stress diffusion effectiveness of the stress guiding layer throughout the entire working period, the cumulative stress diffusion index is obtained according to formula (7). ; The larger the value, the better the overall effect of stress diffusion into deeper areas;

[0096] (7);

[0097] In the formula, For the evaluation period; for The stress increment at the deep monitoring point relative to the initial state at any given time; This represents the initial peak stress around the tunnel.

[0098] Existing technologies such as localized stress relief and reinforced support can temporarily improve the stress state around the roadway, but they cannot create deep stress diffusion channels. Under long-term mining influence, stress easily accumulates again around the roadway, leading to support failure. Addressing the shortcomings of existing roadway surrounding rock stress control methods, such as limited scope of application, unsustainable effects, and lack of active guidance capabilities for large-scale structural stress fields, this invention proposes a novel paradigm for surrounding rock stress control. Its core lies in abandoning the traditional static blocking or instantaneous release approach to stress treatment, and instead exploring a dynamic guidance method that enables the continuous and controllable migration of high stress around the roadway to the deeper rock mass, providing an active and long-term control method. First, based on the basic parameters of the roadway surrounding rock, parameters related to the stress guidance layer are designed, allowing the control scheme to closely match the actual geological conditions of the specific roadway, improving the scheme's relevance. Through numerical simulation optimization and the establishment of a judgment model, scientific methods are used to determine parameters and thresholds, enhancing the scientific rigor and rationality of the scheme. By pre-setting graded intervention thresholds, a clear basis is provided for dynamic control during subsequent stress migration, demonstrating the forward-looking nature of the scheme. The entire design process, from parameter design to model establishment and threshold setting, forms a systematic control logic, ensuring the orderly progress of subsequent control processes. Secondly, based on the determined spatial orientation, quantity, and optimal thickness, directional drilling is carried out at predetermined locations, and specially designed controllable rheological composite materials are injected to form a stress guiding layer. This ensures the accuracy of the stress guiding layer setting, enabling it to more effectively guide stress migration. Simultaneously, a three-dimensional monitoring network constructed by synchronously deploying stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors can comprehensively and in real-time acquire the state information of the stress guiding layer and its surrounding rock, providing reliable data support for subsequent dynamic control and ensuring the effectiveness of control measures.

[0099] Next, by dynamically acquiring multi-source monitoring data in real time, stress distribution is obtained, enabling real-time tracking of stress migration status. Stages are divided based on stress migration criterion indices, and different intervention measures are implemented according to different stages and stress migration rates, demonstrating the dynamic nature of the control process and enabling timely responses to various changes during stress migration. Fine and coarse interventions are employed at different stages based on stress migration rates, with specific intervention methods for different rates, such as injecting chemical activators or inhibitors and adjusting attenuation parameters, achieving refined control. Simultaneously, intervention measures are flexibly adjusted based on real-time data and stage divisions, allowing the control process to better adapt to complex and changing stress migration conditions. This enables a smooth and controllable transfer of stress peaks from the periphery of the tunnel to deeper rock masses, avoiding the risk of sudden stress release and significantly expanding the stress relief range, thus improving the safety of control. Therefore, this invention can dynamically control the weakening rate of composite materials through active intervention, thereby precisely controlling the speed and process of stress transmission from the guide layer to deeper stable rock masses.

[0100] Finally, the established cumulative stress diffusion index was used to quantitatively evaluate the working efficiency of the stress guiding layer, providing a quantitative indicator for the evaluation.

[0101] This method is simple to implement and has low implementation costs. It can effectively control the speed and process of stress transmission from the inner layer to the outer deep rock mass by actively intervening to regulate the weakening rate of the controllable rheological composite material. It breaks through the limitations of existing technologies, such as limited scope of action and unsustainable effect, and realizes the long-term, stable and controllable transfer of stress in the surrounding rock structure. It provides a brand-new solution for the long-term stability control of deep and heavily mined roadways.

[0102] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a stress redistribution control system for disturbed mining roadways, which is used to realize a method for stress redistribution control of disturbed mining roadways, including a guide layer construction subsystem, a sensing and control subsystem, and an intelligent decision control subsystem;

[0103] The guiding layer construction subsystem includes directional drilling equipment, a controllable rheological composite material, and an injection device. The directional drilling equipment is used to construct directional boreholes parallel to the roadway contour at a predetermined deep location outside the high-stress zone around the roadway (located outside the plastic zone and inside the critical load-bearing structure), providing a channel for material injection. The controllable rheological composite material is a chemical slurry with preset time-varying properties. Its elastic modulus changes with time according to a decay function. The decay rate is controlled by adjusting the slow-release modifier in the material formulation, achieving active controllability of performance. The injection device includes a stirring device, a grouting pump, and a delivery pipeline, used to inject the controllable rheological composite material into the directional boreholes at a designed dosage to form an artificial stress guiding layer.

[0104] The sensing and control subsystem includes a multi-source sensor array, a data acquisition and analysis unit, and an external intervention unit. The multi-source sensor array, including stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors, is deployed inside the stress guiding layer and in the surrounding rock inside and outside it. It is used to acquire stress, strain, and micro-fracture signals in real time. The data acquisition and analysis unit is connected to the sensor array and is used to acquire multi-source monitoring data in real time, perform preprocessing (filtering, synchronization, feature extraction), and then upload the processed data to the intelligent decision control subsystem. The external intervention unit includes an injection pipeline pre-embedded in the borehole and a matching chemical reagent delivery device (including activator / inhibitor storage tanks, metering pumps, and control valves). It is used to receive instructions from the intelligent decision control subsystem and precisely inject chemical activators or inhibitors into the stress guiding layer to dynamically adjust the material attenuation parameters.

[0105] The intelligent decision-making and control subsystem includes a stress migration identification unit, a migration rate calculation unit, a control decision unit, and an effectiveness evaluation unit. The stress migration identification unit calculates the stress migration criterion index based on received multi-source monitoring data and automatically divides the system into initial, crossing, and diffusion stages according to preset thresholds. The migration rate calculation unit tracks the stress peak position and calculates the stress migration rate. The control decision unit generates fine or coarse intervention instructions based on the stage identification results and migration rate, combined with preset rate thresholds and intervention dose models, and sends them to the external intervention unit. The effectiveness evaluation unit calculates the cumulative stress diffusion index and, in conjunction with the long-term stability of the surrounding rock in the roadway, comprehensively evaluates the working effectiveness of the stress guiding layer and feeds back the evaluation results to optimize the initial design parameters of the stress guiding layer.

[0106] In this invention, by incorporating directional drilling equipment, controllable rheological composite materials, and injection equipment into the guiding layer construction subsystem, directional drilling parallel to the roadway contour can be constructed at a predetermined depth outside the high-stress zone surrounding the roadway using the directional drilling equipment. This overcomes the limitations of traditional support systems that only set up passive load-bearing structures around the roadway, allowing intervention nodes to be moved forward to critical locations along the stress transmission path. Simultaneously, it facilitates the full utilization of the time-varying characteristics of the controllable rheological composite material, where the elastic modulus decays over time. By adjusting the slow-release modifier, the decay rate can be precisely controlled, enabling the mechanical properties of the artificial stress guiding layer to actively evolve with the mining disturbance process. Based on the injection equipment injecting the material into the boreholes at the designed dosage, the resulting artificial stress guiding layer can actively attract and guide the surrounding rock stress to transfer to deeper areas away from the roadway, thereby optimizing the stress distribution around the roadway from the source and achieving a fundamental shift from passive bearing to active guidance. The multi-source sensor array in the sensing and control subsystem is deployed inside the stress guiding layer and in the surrounding rock both inside and outside it. This facilitates the real-time acquisition of stress, strain, and micro-fracture signals via stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors, constructing a three-dimensional monitoring network covering both inside and outside the guiding layer. This enables multi-physics sensing of the entire stress migration process. Simultaneously, the data acquisition and analysis unit facilitates real-time preprocessing and uploading of monitoring data, providing a reliable data foundation for intelligent decision-making. The external intervention unit, including injection pipelines and chemical reagent delivery devices pre-embedded in the borehole, can precisely inject chemical activators or inhibitors into the stress guiding layer upon receiving instructions from the intelligent decision-making subsystem. This dynamically adjusts the material's attenuation parameters, allowing the guiding layer's performance to be adjusted as needed during service, thus achieving a leap from static design to dynamic control. For the intelligent decision-making and control subsystem, the stress migration identification unit can calculate the stress migration criterion index based on multi-source monitoring data and automatically divide the stress migration process into the initial stage, the crossing stage, and the diffusion stage according to preset thresholds, realizing the quantitative classification of the impact process of mining disturbance. The migration rate calculation unit can track the stress peak position and calculate the migration rate, providing a quantitative basis for determining the timing and intensity of regulation and intervention. The regulation decision unit can generate fine or coarse intervention instructions based on the stage identification results and migration rate, combined with preset rate thresholds and intervention dosage models, realizing the precise matching of regulation strategies and stress migration stages, avoiding over-intervention or under-intervention. The efficiency evaluation unit can calculate the cumulative stress diffusion index, comprehensively evaluate the working efficiency of the stress guiding layer in combination with the long-term stable state of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and feed the evaluation results back to optimize the initial design parameters of the guiding layer, forming a closed loop of design, implementation, perception, identification, regulation, evaluation, and optimization, enabling the system to have the ability to continuously evolve. This invention organically integrates three major subsystems to construct a complete technology chain: active stress relief by the guidance layer, real-time monitoring and response by the sensing system, dynamic control by intelligent decision-making, and continuous optimization by performance evaluation.This invention moves the control node of mining disturbance stress from the periphery of the roadway to the key position of stress transmission path, realizing a fundamental transformation from passive bearing to active guidance; through the combination of time-varying materials and external intervention, the performance of the guiding layer is adjustable and controllable during service; through the integration of multi-source sensing and intelligent decision-making, the stress migration process is accurately identified and adaptively controlled.

[0107] This system constructs a stress-guiding layer with controllable time-varying mechanical properties deep within the surrounding rock of the roadway, enabling the high stress concentrated around the roadway to continuously and slowly migrate to deeper rock masses. This achieves long-term optimization and fundamental improvement of the stress distribution in the large structure of the roadway's surrounding rock, significantly enhancing the stability, safety, and long-term service reliability of the roadway's surrounding rock under mining disturbance conditions. It provides an innovative intelligent solution for solving the problem of controlling the surrounding rock in deep, high-stress roadways.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Design the parameters of the stress guiding layer and set the graded intervention threshold; S2: Directional drilling is carried out at a predetermined location outside the high-stress zone, and a controllable rheological composite material is injected to form an artificial stress guiding layer; Simultaneously construct a three-dimensional monitoring network; S3: Dynamic control of the guidance process based on stress migration process perception; S31: Real-time acquisition of multi-source monitoring data; S32: Determine the current stress peak location and its migration distance relative to the initial position ; Calculate the stress migration criterion index And divide the stress migration stages; S33: Based on stress migration rate Lower threshold and upper limit threshold Regulate accordingly; do not intervene in the initial stage; during the transition phase, when... At that time, with precise intervention dosage Inject chemical activators; when At that time, with precise intervention dosage Injecting chemical inhibitors; during the diffusion phase, when Persistently below At that time, with a rough intervention dose Inject chemical activators; when consistently higher At that time, with a rough intervention dose Injecting chemical inhibitors; when At that time, no intervention was carried out.

2. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: S4: Determine the cumulative stress diffusion index used to quantitatively evaluate the overall effectiveness of the stress guiding layer throughout the entire working cycle, based on the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the cumulative stress diffusion index. The effectiveness of the stress guiding layer is evaluated, and the evaluation results are fed back to optimize the location, material parameters, and control strategies of the guiding layer in subsequent construction.

3. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the process of designing the stress guiding layer parameters and setting the graded intervention threshold is as follows: S11: Detect and determine the range of high-stress zones, depth of plastic zones, and deep rock mass structural characteristics of the surrounding rock in the roadway, and identify key bearing layers and potential impact hazard areas; based on the assessment results, design the spatial orientation, quantity, and thickness of stress guiding layers, as well as the initial strength and preset weakening time curves of controllable rheological composite materials. S12: Determine the optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer based on the initial stress gradient of the surrounding rock and the decay rate of material properties; S13: Establish a numerical model of the surrounding rock including a stress guiding layer, simulate the stress migration process under different geological conditions and mining disturbances, analyze the influence of guiding layer parameters on the stress redistribution of the surrounding rock, identify key parameters, and optimize the spatial layout parameters, material property curves and control logic thresholds of the guiding layer. S14: Based on the numerical simulation optimization results, a stress migration identification model is established, and threshold conditions for triggering different levels of external intervention are set, including stress migration rate threshold and stress migration criterion index threshold, to provide a decision-making basis for subsequent dynamic regulation.

4. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S11, the elastic modulus of the controllable rheological composite material In time The internal temperature changes according to a preset decay function, as shown in formula (1); （1）； In the formula, This is the initial elastic modulus of the material; This is the final residual modulus coefficient; This is the decay rate control parameter; This is the decay start time.

5. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S12, the optimal thickness of the stress guiding layer is determined according to formula (2). ; （2）； In the formula, The initial stress gradient around the tunnel; This is the average decay rate parameter of the controllable rheological composite material during the main working stage; The shear modulus of the deep surrounding rock; , which is a dimensionless empirical coefficient related to tunnel size and lithology.

6. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S32, the stress migration criterion index is first determined according to formula (3). ; （3）； In the formula, and These represent the average stresses at monitoring points on the inner and outer sides of the stress guiding layer, respectively. To design the migration distance; Then based on the stress migration criterion index The stress migration stages are divided according to the following process: when It is determined to be in the initial stage; when This is determined to be the time travel phase; when It was determined to be in the diffusion stage.

7. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S33, the stress migration rate is calculated according to formula (4). ; （4）。 8. The method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S33, the fine intervention dose is obtained according to formula (5). The rough intervention dose is obtained according to formula (6). ; （5）； （6）； In the formula, This is the dose-attenuation coefficient conversion factor; This is the volume-based dose coefficient; The volume of the stress-guiding layer to be intervened; To finely adjust the step size; This is for roughly adjusting the step size.

9. A method for controlling the redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock of a disturbed mining roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S4, the cumulative stress diffusion index is obtained according to formula (7). ; （7）； In the formula, For the evaluation period; for The stress increment at the deep monitoring point relative to the initial state at any given time; This represents the initial peak stress around the tunnel.

10. A stress redistribution control system for disturbed mining roadways, used to implement the stress redistribution control method for disturbed mining roadways as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes a guidance layer construction subsystem, a perception and regulation subsystem, and an intelligent decision-making and control subsystem; The guiding layer construction subsystem includes directional drilling equipment, a controllable rheological composite material, and an injection device. The directional drilling equipment is used to construct directional boreholes parallel to the roadway contour at a predetermined depth outside the high-stress zone around the roadway, providing a channel for material injection. The controllable rheological composite material is a chemical slurry with preset time-varying properties. Its elastic modulus changes with time according to a decay function. The decay rate is controlled by adjusting the slow-release modifier in the material formulation, achieving active controllability of performance. The injection device includes a stirring device, a grouting pump, and a delivery pipeline, used to inject the controllable rheological composite material into the directional boreholes at a designed dosage to form an artificial stress guiding layer. The sensing and control subsystem includes a multi-source sensor array, a data acquisition and analysis unit, and an external intervention unit. The multi-source sensor array is deployed inside the stress guiding layer and in the surrounding rock inside and outside the layer, and includes stress gauges, strain gauges, and microseismic sensors for real-time acquisition of stress, strain, and micro-fracture signals. The data acquisition and analysis unit is connected to the sensor array to collect multi-source monitoring data in real time, perform preprocessing, and then upload the processed data to the intelligent decision control subsystem. The external intervention unit includes an injection pipeline pre-embedded in the borehole and a matching chemical reagent delivery device, which is used to receive instructions from the intelligent decision subsystem, accurately inject chemical activators or inhibitors into the stress guiding layer, and dynamically adjust the material attenuation parameters. The intelligent decision-making and control subsystem includes a stress migration identification unit, a migration rate calculation unit, a regulation and decision-making unit, and an effectiveness evaluation unit. The stress migration identification unit is used to calculate the stress migration criterion index based on the received multi-source monitoring data, and automatically divide the initial stage, the crossing stage and the diffusion stage according to the preset threshold. The migration rate calculation unit is used to track the location of the stress peak and calculate the stress migration rate; The control decision unit is used to generate fine or coarse intervention instructions based on the stage identification results and migration rate, combined with a preset rate threshold and intervention dose model, and send them to the external intervention unit. The performance evaluation unit is used to calculate the cumulative stress diffusion index and, in conjunction with the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway, comprehensively evaluate the working performance of the stress guiding layer, and feed the evaluation results back to optimize the initial design parameters of the stress guiding layer.

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