Electromagnetic projectile injection device for disruption mitigation of a tokamak device
By employing a four-rail design and an independently controlled electromagnetic projectile injection device, the problems of armature ablation and deflection were solved, enabling efficient and precise projectile injection to mitigate the fracture of the tokamak device, and meeting the requirements of millisecond-level response and high reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
Smart Images
Figure CN122117487A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of electromagnetic orbital launch technology, and more specifically, relates to an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating the rupture of a tokamak device. Background Technology
[0002] With the deepening of nuclear fusion energy research, the tokamak device, as the most important magnetic confinement fusion experimental device, is crucial to the stability of its operation. During the discharge process of the tokamak, the plasma rupture event that may occur will cause huge electromagnetic force heat load to act on the device wall, causing serious material damage and device safety risks. Projectile injection technology is one of the most effective means of rupture mitigation at present. By rapidly injecting projectile materials (such as hydrogen, deuterium, neon, etc.) into the plasma center, the edge plasma is rapidly cooled and the rupture development is suppressed. The electromagnetic projectile injection device used for rupture mitigation of the tokamak device needs to meet the following requirements: (1) High projectile exit velocity. For the application scenario of rupture mitigation of the tokamak device, the projectile needs to meet a certain injection depth to achieve a good rupture mitigation effect, and the projectile exit velocity is the direct factor determining the injection depth. (2) Less impurities generated during the acceleration process. The armature moves along the track under the action of electromagnetic force. During the acceleration process, the armature will be ablated due to friction between the armature and the track, heating of the armature current, and transition phenomenon caused by poor electrical contact. The armature will be ablated, producing impurities. The impurity particles will enter the tokamak device together with the projectile, which will have an adverse effect on the operation of the device. In addition, the impurities generated by ablation will also accumulate on the track, affecting the reuse of the track. (3) Achieve deceleration and recovery of the armature. The armature is the main body that ablates and produces impurities, while the fracture mitigation is entirely generated by the projectile. Therefore, deceleration and recovery measures must be set for the armature, while the projectile continues to move forward under the action of inertia, so that the armature and the projectile are separated, and finally only the projectile is injected into the tokamak device. (4) Rapid system response. The fracture of the tokamak device is a process on the order of milliseconds. In order to achieve effective fracture mitigation, the electromagnetic projectile injection device must complete the acceleration injection process of the projectile on the order of milliseconds. (5) Small device size. The electromagnetic projectile injection device, which occupies a smaller space, is more compatible with the tokamak device and has lower site requirements. Furthermore, smaller armatures require less operating current.
[0003] Patent CN114613524A only discloses a deceleration measure added to a conventional electromagnetic projectile injection device. The entire device uses only a pair of contact rails, with an acceleration power supply applied to the front end and a deceleration power supply applied to the rear end, with opposite current directions. However, this scheme has a very small inductance gradient, resulting in a small acceleration force at the same current level. To achieve the required projectile exit velocity, a large current must be used, leading to severe armature erosion. Furthermore, the constraint of only two rails on armature movement is insufficient, making the armature prone to horizontal deflection, resulting in poor electrical contact, transition, and arcing erosion. Patent CN119713977A, based on the above scheme, adds reinforcing rails. Specifically, it discloses a pair of contact rails arranged vertically, with an acceleration reinforcing rail and a deceleration reinforcing rail arranged outside the contact rails. The reinforcing rails are short-circuited into the circuit via copper blocks and connected in series with the contact rails and armature. The acceleration section reinforcing rail shares the same acceleration power supply with the front end of the contact rails, and the deceleration section reinforcing rail shares the same deceleration power supply with the rear end of the contact rails. Although this scheme improves the system inductance gradient and reduces the current requirement, the overall operating current is still relatively large, the movement of the armature in the horizontal direction still lacks strong constraints, the ablation problem remains serious, and since the reinforcing rail and the contact rail share a power supply, the strength of the reinforcing magnetic field is limited, and the improvement of the equivalent inductance gradient is limited.
[0004] In summary, traditional electromagnetic projectile injection devices suffer from the following technical bottlenecks: excessive armature current leads to severe Joule heating and impurity generation; the armature is prone to deflection and vibration during acceleration; unstable contact between the armature and the track easily causes arcing and ablation; and insufficient control precision in the deceleration phase results in poor projectile separation. These problems limit further improvements in projectile injection speed and precision, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of future fusion reactors for millisecond-level response times and high reliability in fracturing mitigation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating the fracture of a tokamak device, which aims to solve the problems of armature ablation and armature recovery during the projectile injection process.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating the rupture of a tokamak device, comprising: an armature, four contact rails, four acceleration section reinforcement rails, four deceleration section reinforcement rails, a first reinforcement rail shorting member, and a second reinforcement rail shorting member. The four contact rails are arranged in a 90° array around the armature, symmetrically positioned around the armature. The armature is located between four contact rails and contacts the contact rails through flexible armature arms, with the armature arms and contact rails having an interference fit. The first and second reinforcing rail short connectors are suspended around the middle section of the four contact rails and do not contact the contact rails. The two reinforcing rail short connectors are opposite each other and do not contact each other. The ends of the four acceleration section reinforcement rails away from the armature transport starting position are shorted by the first reinforcement rail shorting piece. Each acceleration section reinforcement rail is set one-to-one with the contact rail and is located outside the contact rail. The two are isolated by an insulating plate. The ends of the four deceleration section reinforcement rails, which are furthest from the end point of armature transport, are shorted by the second reinforcement rail shorting piece. Each deceleration section reinforcement rail is set one-to-one with the contact rail and is located outside the contact rail. The two are isolated by an insulating plate.
[0007] Preferably, the center part of the armature has a non-through groove on the side facing the end point of armature transportation, which serves as a reserved space for the projectile.
[0008] Preferably, the armature has interference fit tail fins at both ends of its axial direction, and the four edges of the front tail fin that contact the track have chamfers.
[0009] Preferably, the first reinforcing rail short connector and the second reinforcing rail short connector are isolated by an insulating plate.
[0010] Preferably, the end of the acceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport start position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, and the end of the deceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport end position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, ensuring that the two ends of the contact rail are not exposed.
[0011] Preferably, the distance between the first reinforcing rail short connector and the second reinforcing rail short connector is in the range of [5mm, 25mm].
[0012] Preferably, the contact rail and the acceleration section reinforcement rail are respectively provided with power connection interfaces at the starting position of armature transport, and the deceleration section reinforcement rail is provided with power connection interfaces at the ending position of armature transport. The power supplies connected to the three are independent of each other. The applied current of the acceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the same direction, while the applied current of the deceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the opposite direction.
[0013] Preferably, the electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power source for applying current to the contact rail, a second power source for applying current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power source for applying current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail; The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0.
[0014] Preferably, the electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power supply and a fourth power supply for applying current to the contact rail, a second power supply for applying current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power supply for applying current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail; The first power supply is connected at the starting position of armature transport; The fourth power supply is connected at the end point of armature transportation. The output current of the fourth power supply is opposite to that of the first power supply, and the current flowing through the armature of both is in the same direction. The current flowing through the armature of the fourth power supply is greater than the current flowing through the armature of the first power supply. The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The fourth power supply starts operating at the same time as the third power supply and continues to operate until the current decays to 0.
[0015] Preferably, a coil is placed at the midpoint of the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, close to the outer side of the contact rail, as a probe. The induced current of the probe is used as the start signal of the third power supply. When the induced current changes from zero to non-zero, the third power supply is started.
[0016] Overall, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: To address the armature ablation problem, this application provides an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating tokamak device fracture. This device utilizes four contact rails, four acceleration-section reinforcement rails, and four deceleration-section reinforcement rails. The acceleration-section reinforcement rails and contact rails are isolated by insulating plates, as are the deceleration-section reinforcement rails and contact rails, achieving initial acceleration followed by deceleration of the armature. The four-rail design increases the system's inductance gradient and electromagnetic propulsion, reducing the required current while maintaining the projectile's exit velocity, thus minimizing Joule heat generated in the armature and suppressing ablation. Increasing the current in the reinforcement rails enhances the magnetic field strength, further improving the equivalent inductance gradient, reducing the contact rail current, and mitigating armature ablation. Furthermore, all four contact rails are interference-fitted with the armature tail fin, better restricting armature motion, suppressing armature deflection within the rails, and ensuring a more uniform spatial magnetic field distribution, thus preventing armature deflection, maintaining good electrical contact, and suppressing arc ablation. In summary, this application simultaneously addresses all the requirements of applying an electromagnetic projectile injection device to the scenario of mitigating tokamak device fracture. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating rupture in a tokamak device, provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single contact rail provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the armature structure provided in the embodiment of this application. The left side is a 3D perspective view and the right side is a side view.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a power connection diagram of the first deceleration scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a power connection diagram of the second deceleration scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the deceleration power supply trigger coil structure provided in the embodiment of this application.
[0023] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 1 is the armature, 2 is the contact rail, 3 is the acceleration section reinforcement rail, 4 is the deceleration section reinforcement rail, 5 is the first reinforcement rail shorting piece, 6 is the second reinforcement rail shorting piece, 7 is the first power supply, 8 is the second power supply, 9 is the third power supply, 10 is the fourth power supply, and 11 is the probe. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0025] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating rupture in a tokamak device, comprising: an armature 1, four contact rails 2, four acceleration section reinforcement rails 3, four deceleration section reinforcement rails 4, a first reinforcement rail shorting member 5, and a second reinforcement rail shorting member 6.
[0027] The four contact rails 2 are arranged in a 90° array, symmetrically positioned around the armature 1. In one illustrated embodiment, a single contact rail is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the contact surfaces of the armature and the four contact rails are designed with an arc-shaped concave-convex fit.
[0028] The armature 1 is located between four contact rails 2 and is in contact with the contact rails 2 through flexible armature arms. The armature arms and contact rails are interference-fitted.
[0029] The first reinforcing rail short connector 5 and the second reinforcing rail short connector 6 are suspended around the middle section of the four contact rails 2 and do not contact the contact rails 2. The two reinforcing rail short connectors are opposite each other and do not contact each other.
[0030] In one illustrated embodiment, the armature 1 is made of aluminum alloy, and the contact rail 2, the acceleration section reinforcement rail 3, and the deceleration section reinforcement rail 4 are made of copper alloy.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the ends of the four acceleration section reinforcement rails 3 furthest from the armature transport starting position are shorted by the first reinforcement rail shorting member 5. Each acceleration section reinforcement rail 3 is arranged one-to-one with the contact rail 2, located outside the contact rail 2, and the two are isolated by an insulating plate (not shown in the figure). The ends of the four deceleration section reinforcement rails 4 furthest from the armature transport ending position are shorted by the second reinforcement rail shorting member 6. Each deceleration section reinforcement rail 4 is arranged one-to-one with the contact rail 2, located outside the contact rail 2, and the two are isolated by an insulating plate (not shown in the figure).
[0032] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the central part of the armature has a non-through groove on the side facing the end point of armature transportation, which serves as a reserved space for the projectile.
[0033] It should be noted that, considering the assembly of the armature and the projectile, this application provides a non-through slot on the side of the armature's central portion facing the end point of armature transport, serving as a reserved space for the projectile. Due to the electromagnetic shielding effect, the magnetic field distribution in the central part of the armature is extremely weak, and the current flow is minimal; a slot can be carved at this location as a projectile assembly space. This reduces the armature's mass on the one hand, and eliminates connecting components on the other, further reducing the armature's mass and improving acceleration efficiency.
[0034] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the armature has interference fit tail fins at both ends of its axial direction, and the four edges of the front tail fin that contact the rail are chamfered.
[0035] It should be noted that, considering the armature loading and interference fit issues, this application provides interference fit tail fins at both ends of the armature's axial direction. When the armature enters the track, it undergoes flexible deformation, generating pressure between itself and the contact rail. This ensures a tight fit between the armature tail fin and the contact rail, guaranteeing good electrical contact and preventing arc erosion. The four edges of the front tail fin that contact the track are chamfered, providing guidance as the armature enters the track, allowing it to smoothly enter the track.
[0036] Preferably, the first reinforcing rail short connector and the second reinforcing rail short connector are isolated by an insulating plate.
[0037] It should be noted that this application uses an insulating plate to isolate the first and second reinforcing rail short connectors, which can suppress current breakdown and allow different currents to be applied to the two reinforcing rails respectively, so that they can work without interfering with each other.
[0038] Preferably, the end of the acceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport start position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, and the end of the deceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport end position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, ensuring that the two ends of the contact rail are not exposed.
[0039] It should be noted that, considering the uneven distribution of the magnetic field at the boundary of the contact rail, this application uses the above-mentioned preferred method to ensure that the two ends of the contact rail are not exposed. Since the two reinforcing rails are longer than the two ends of the contact rail, the reinforcing magnetic field is evenly distributed at the armature inlet and outlet, so that the entire trajectory of the armature is contained within the reinforcing magnetic field, thus avoiding uneven force on the armature due to uneven distribution of the boundary magnetic field.
[0040] Preferably, the distance between the first reinforcing rail short connector and the second reinforcing rail short connector is in the range of [5mm, 25mm].
[0041] It should be noted that if the distance between the first and second reinforcing rail shorting members is too large, the armature may move to that position without a background magnetic field, affecting the acceleration and deceleration process. If the distance is too small, insufficient insulation between the two reinforcing rails may lead to electrical breakdown, affecting the operation of the reinforcing rail current and the generation of the magnetic field. This application, through the above-mentioned preferred value range, ensures that while meeting the insulation performance requirements of the acceleration and deceleration reinforcing rails, the range of weak magnetic field distribution is shortened, reducing the adverse effects of this junction on the armature movement process.
[0042] Preferably, the contact rail and the acceleration section reinforcement rail are respectively provided with power connection interfaces at the starting position of armature transport, and the deceleration section reinforcement rail is provided with power connection interfaces at the ending position of armature transport. The power supplies connected to the three are independent of each other. The applied current of the acceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the same direction, while the applied current of the deceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the opposite direction.
[0043] It should be noted that this application utilizes independent power supplies for the contact rail, acceleration-section reinforcement rail, and deceleration-section reinforcement rail. The applied current to the acceleration-section reinforcement rail is greater than that to the contact rail and in the same direction, while the applied current to the deceleration-section reinforcement rail is greater than that to the contact rail and in the opposite direction. This significantly strengthens the background magnetic field generated by the reinforcement rail. This magnetic field interacts with the armature current to produce an accelerating force, thus further reducing the armature current while meeting the projectile's exit velocity, thereby mitigating ablation. Furthermore, the reinforcement rail will not experience ablation even when operating at extremely high currents.
[0044] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power supply 7 that applies current to the contact rail, a second power supply 8 that applies current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power supply 9 that applies current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail. The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0.
[0045] It should be noted that, in this application, the second power supply starts working several milliseconds earlier than the first power supply, allowing the acceleration enhancement rail to start flowing earlier and thus generating an enhanced magnetic field earlier. This ensures that the armature is always in the enhanced magnetic field from the start of its movement, resulting in a large and uniform force on the armature. To minimize the interference and weakening of the acceleration magnetic field by the deceleration magnetic field, the third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration and deceleration enhancement rails. At this point, the acceleration process is complete, and the deceleration current is put into operation to generate a deceleration magnetic field, enabling the armature to decelerate and recover in the latter half of the movement.
[0046] The time delay between the first power supply and the second power supply is mainly determined by the parameters of the second power supply circuit (power supply capacitor, circuit inductance, etc.). The discharge current is always a waveform that rises first and then falls. The present application expects the first current to be triggered when the second current rises to a higher level. At this time, the accelerating magnetic field generated by the second current is larger and can act on the armature to generate a greater accelerating force.
[0047] In the first deceleration scheme, the electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating the rupture of a tokamak device provided in this application comprises the following steps for launching a high-speed projectile: First, the armature is loaded into the track from the front end of the contact rail, during which the tail fin deforms to achieve an interference fit. Then, the second power supply starts working, and current flows through the acceleration enhancement rail to generate an accelerating magnetic field; several milliseconds later, the first power supply starts working, and current flows through the contact rail to form a circuit through the armature. The armature current and the accelerating magnetic field interact to generate an electromagnetic force, propelling the armature to overcome friction and accelerate. When the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, the probe coil at this position generates an induced current, which triggers the third power supply to start working. Current flows through the deceleration enhancement rail in the opposite direction to the current in the acceleration section, generating a reverse deceleration magnetic field. The positive current of the armature interacts with the reverse magnetic field to generate a reverse electromagnetic force, which, together with the friction force, decelerates the armature, while the projectile continues to move forward under inertia. The difference in acceleration experienced by the projectile and the armature causes them to separate, and after separation, they exit the barrel in uniform linear motion.
[0048] Assume the armature current is J The size of the background magnetic field is B This will produce a size of J × B The electromagnetic propulsion force is determined by the electromagnetic force calculation formula. It can be seen that increasing the background magnetic field strength, i.e., increasing the current flow through the acceleration section's booster rail, can reduce the armature current flow, i.e., reduce the current flow through the contact rail, while keeping the electromagnetic propulsion force constant. The advantage of this design is that it reduces the armature current flow while maintaining the armature acceleration effect, thereby reducing armature Joule heating, suppressing armature impurity generation to some extent, and optimizing plasma breakup mitigation. Although the Joule heating generated by the booster rail's current flow will raise the rail temperature, the contact rail and armature are not in direct contact, so this temperature rise has no impact on the projectile injection effect.
[0049] In the first deceleration scheme, the contact rail uses only one power supply throughout, resulting in less heat generation from the armature current and less ablation. However, considering the relatively small armature current, the corresponding deceleration force is also relatively small. To achieve a good deceleration effect, the current of the third power supply must be increased, which would increase the burden on the third power supply and the deceleration enhancement rail. To address this issue, this application further provides a second deceleration scheme—utilizing an external reverse current.
[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power supply 7 and a fourth power supply 10 that apply current to the contact rail, a second power supply 8 that applies current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power supply 9 that applies current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail. The first power supply is connected at the starting position of armature transport; The fourth power supply is connected at the end point of armature transportation. The output current of the fourth power supply is opposite to that of the first power supply, and the current flowing through the armature of both is in the same direction. The current flowing through the armature of the fourth power supply is greater than the current flowing through the armature of the first power supply. The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The fourth power supply starts operating at the same time as the third power supply and continues to operate until the current decays to 0.
[0051] It should be noted that this application utilizes a second power supply that starts operating several milliseconds earlier than the first power supply. This allows for earlier current flow through the acceleration enhancement rail, thereby generating an enhanced magnetic field earlier. This ensures the armature is always within the enhanced magnetic field from the start of its motion, resulting in a large and uniform force on the armature. To minimize the interference and weakening of the acceleration magnetic field by the deceleration magnetic field, the third power supply starts operating when the armature reaches the midpoint between the acceleration and deceleration enhancement rails. At this point, the acceleration process is complete, and the deceleration current is activated to generate a deceleration magnetic field, enabling the armature to decelerate and recover in the latter half of the motion. An additional fourth power supply is introduced, which starts operating simultaneously with the third power supply. This increases the current flowing through the armature, and the interaction between this current and the deceleration magnetic field generates a greater electromagnetic force, resulting in a greater deceleration force on the armature and a better deceleration effect.
[0052] In the second deceleration scheme, this application provides an electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating the rupture of a tokamak device. The process of launching a high-speed projectile is divided into the following steps: First, the armature is loaded into the track from the front end of the contact rail, during which the tail fin deforms to achieve an interference fit. Then, the second power supply starts working, accelerating the current through the enhanced rail to generate an accelerating magnetic field; several milliseconds later, the first power supply starts working, the current through the contact rail flows through the armature to form a loop, and the interaction between the armature current and the accelerating magnetic field generates an electromagnetic force, propelling the armature to overcome friction and accelerate. When the armature reaches the midpoint between the acceleration and deceleration enhancement rails, the probe coil at this position generates an induced current. This signal triggers the third and fourth power supplies to activate. The third power supply discharges, causing current to flow through the deceleration enhancement rail in the opposite direction to the acceleration current, generating a reverse deceleration magnetic field. The fourth power supply current flows through the armature, merging with and enhancing the current from the first power supply. This armature current interacts with the reverse magnetic field to generate a reverse electromagnetic force, which, along with friction, decelerates the armature. The projectile continues to move forward due to inertia. The difference in acceleration between the projectile and the armature causes them to separate, and after separation, they exit the barrel in uniform linear motion. In the second deceleration scheme, when the armature reaches the midpoint, the fourth power supply is activated, merging with the residual current from the first power supply to increase the armature current. This results in a larger armature current, a greater deceleration force, and a better deceleration effect.
[0053] Preferably, such as Figure 6 As shown, a coil is set as probe 11 at the midpoint of the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, close to the outside of the contact rail. The induced current of the probe is used as the start signal of the third power supply. When the induced current changes from zero to non-zero, the third power supply is started.
[0054] It should be noted that the above-mentioned position-based triggering strategy is highly reliable and can adapt to the actual movement state of the armature. The probe signal is connected to the control computer. The probe's induced current is normally zero, and there is no induced current; an induced current is only generated when the armature passes by.
[0055] In this application, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first response message" and "second response message," etc., are used to distinguish different response messages, not to describe a specific order of response messages.
[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more, for example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units, multiple elements means two or more elements, etc.
[0058] It should be understood that expressions such as “comprising” and “may include” used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as “comprising” and / or “having” are to be interpreted as indicating a particular characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but not to exclude the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.
[0059] Furthermore, in this application, the expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.
[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the components can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the components can slide relative to each other after connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.
[0061] Furthermore, the mathematical concepts mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity, are limitations specific to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.
[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic projectile injection device for mitigating fractures in a tokamak device, characterized in that, include: Armature, four contact rails, four acceleration section reinforcement rails, four deceleration section reinforcement rails, first reinforcement rail shorting connector and second reinforcement rail shorting connector; The four contact rails are arranged in a 90° array around the armature, symmetrically positioned around the armature. The armature is located between four contact rails and contacts the contact rails through flexible armature arms, with the armature arms and contact rails having an interference fit. The first and second reinforcing rail short connectors are suspended around the middle section of the four contact rails and do not contact the contact rails. The two reinforcing rail short connectors are opposite each other and do not contact each other. The ends of the four acceleration section reinforcement rails away from the armature transport starting position are shorted by the first reinforcement rail shorting piece. Each acceleration section reinforcement rail is set one-to-one with the contact rail and is located outside the contact rail. The two are isolated by an insulating plate. The ends of the four deceleration section reinforcement rails, which are furthest from the end point of armature transport, are shorted by the second reinforcement rail shorting piece. Each deceleration section reinforcement rail is set one-to-one with the contact rail and is located outside the contact rail. The two are isolated by an insulating plate.
2. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The armature has an open slot on the side facing the end point of armature transport, which serves as a reserved space for the projectile.
3. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The armature is provided with interference fit tail fins at both ends of its axial direction, and the four edges of the front tail fin that contact the rail are chamfered.
4. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second reinforcing rail short connectors are isolated by an insulating plate.
5. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the acceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport start position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, and the end of the deceleration section reinforcement rail near the armature transport end position is flush with or extends beyond the end of the contact rail, ensuring that the two ends of the contact rail are not exposed.
6. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first reinforcing rail short connector and the second reinforcing rail short connector ranges from 5mm to 25mm.
7. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The contact rail and the acceleration section reinforcement rail are equipped with power connection interfaces at the starting position of armature transport, and the deceleration section reinforcement rail is equipped with a power connection interface at the ending position of armature transport. The power supplies connected to the three are independent of each other. The applied current of the acceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the same direction, while the applied current of the deceleration section reinforcement rail is greater than that of the contact rail and is in the opposite direction.
8. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power source for applying current to the contact rail, a second power source for applying current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power source for applying current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail; The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0.
9. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic projectile injection device further includes: a first power source and a fourth power source for applying current to the contact rail, a second power source for applying current to the acceleration section reinforcement rail, and a third power source for applying current to the deceleration section reinforcement rail. The first power supply is connected at the starting position of armature transport; The fourth power supply is connected at the end point of armature transportation. The output current of the fourth power supply is opposite to that of the first power supply, and the current flowing through the armature of both is in the same direction. The current flowing through the armature of the fourth power supply is greater than the current flowing through the armature of the first power supply. The second power supply starts working at the moment of armature firing and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The first power supply starts working a few milliseconds later than the second power supply to ensure that the enhanced magnetic field is established in advance and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The third power supply starts working when the armature moves to the midpoint between the acceleration enhancement rail and the deceleration enhancement rail, and continues to work until the current decays to 0. The fourth power supply starts operating at the same time as the third power supply and continues to operate until the current decays to 0.
10. The electromagnetic projectile injection device as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, A coil is placed at the midpoint of the acceleration and deceleration enhancement rails, close to the outer side of the contact rail, as a probe. The induced current of the probe is used as the start signal of the third power supply. When the induced current changes from zero to non-zero, the third power supply is started.