A method and system for automatically detecting and handling abnormally emitting ONUs

Abstract

The application relates to a method and system for automatically detecting and processing abnormal light-emitting ONUs, belonging to the technical field of optical communication, which comprises superimposing an optical power pulse signal with characteristics different from other ONUs on the uplink optical signal of the ONU. The OLT continuously detects and analyzes the received optical power pulse signal, counts the actual proportion of different characteristic optical power pulse signals in the total optical power pulse signals per unit time, and compares it with the theoretical bandwidth proportion. When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, the ONU is determined to be an abnormal light-emitting ONU, and then an abnormal processing operation is performed. The application does not need to modify the existing communication protocol and message format, realizes accurate identification and processing of the occasional abnormal light-emitting ONUs, solves the technical problem that the occasional abnormal light-emitting ONUs in the PON network are difficult to detect, and improves the network stability and operation and maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of Passive Optical Network (PON), specifically to a method and system for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs. Background Technology

[0002] Passive Optical Network (PON), as a mainstream optical access technology, has become the core choice for operators to achieve broadband access networks due to its advantages such as high bandwidth, high efficiency, and wide coverage. However, in the actual application of PON systems, the abnormal emission of individual Optical Network Units (ONUs) seriously affects network stability, causing all ONUs in the entire PON branch to malfunction.

[0003] Existing technologies can effectively identify ONUs with continuous abnormal emission, but they are difficult to detect intermittent abnormal emission (random, brief abnormal emission). These anomalies are characterized by randomness, brevity, and low probability, making them difficult to detect using traditional methods. This results in maintenance personnel being unable to locate the source of the fault in a timely manner, often requiring them to troubleshoot one by one, which greatly prolongs the fault recovery time and affects the user experience.

[0004] Therefore, developing a technical solution that can automatically and quickly identify and handle intermittent abnormal light-emitting ONUs is of great value for improving the reliability and operation and maintenance efficiency of PON networks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and system for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to automatically identify and process low-probability, occasional abnormally emitting ONUs.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, applied to ONU devices, the method comprising: The optical power pulse signal parameters set by the OLT are received, and the parameters make the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of this ONU have characteristics that are different from those of other ONUs under the PON port. When transmitting optical signals uplink, an optical power pulse signal with defined characteristics is superimposed on the optical signal; Normal data transmission is performed within the allocated time slots based on the uplink bandwidth allocated by the OLT.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the superposition of the optical power pulse signals is achieved by adjusting the bias current or voltage of the TOSA.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the optical power pulse signal is characterized by at least one of pulse amplitude, pulse width, or pulse frequency.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the ONU executes a corresponding laser control operation after receiving an exception handling instruction from the OLT.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, applied to OLT devices, the method comprising: Allocate uplink bandwidth to each ONU under the PON port and determine the theoretical bandwidth ratio of each ONU; Set the optical power pulse signal parameters for all ONUs under this PON port, so that the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of each ONU has characteristics that are different from those of other ONUs; Continuously detect and analyze the received optical power pulse signals, and statistically analyze the actual proportion of the characteristic optical power pulse signal for each ONU to the total optical power pulse signal per unit time. The actual optical power pulse signal ratio of each ONU is compared with its theoretical bandwidth ratio. When the difference exceeds a preset threshold, the ONU is determined to be an abnormally emitting ONU.

[0011] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the OLT sets the parameter value of the optical power pulse signal subsequently superimposed on the ONU's uplink optical signal based on the power value of the uplink optical signal without superimposed optical power pulse signal initially received from the ONU.

[0012] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the OLT analyzes the optical power pulse signal by continuously detecting the change pattern of the ADC value of the ROSA RSSI signal.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an ONU device based on the aforementioned method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an OLT device based on the aforementioned method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs.

[0015] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a PON system comprising one of the OLT devices and at least one of the ONU devices.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: To address the issue of abnormal ONU emission under the OLT PON port, particularly in scenarios such as continuous abnormal emission, random abnormal emission, and low-probability intermittent abnormal emission, a service-insensitive anomaly detection and handling mechanism is provided. This mechanism enables rapid and accurate identification and automated processing of abnormally emitting ONUs without affecting the normal service operation of other ONUs in the PON network. It significantly improves network fault location efficiency, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and has important engineering application value for improving the reliability and intelligent operation and maintenance level of optical access networks. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of data transmission in a PON system in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs applied to ONU devices according to this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs applied to OLT equipment according to this application; Figure 4 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the system for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an embodiment of the ONU of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an embodiment of the OLT in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, in a PON system, the OLT's PON port connects to multiple ONU devices via an Optical Distribution Network (ODN). Each ONU shares the backbone fiber for communication with the OLT. The system uses Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) for uplink communication, while downlink communication uses broadcast transmission. Under the same PON port, the OLT allocates a specific uplink time slot to each ONU according to a bandwidth allocation strategy. Each ONU can only transmit optical signals within its allocated fixed time slot. The transmission duration per unit time is strictly determined by the bandwidth allocated by the OLT; any transmission of optical signals outside of allocated time slots constitutes abnormal emission.

[0021] When abnormal light emission occurs in a PON network (including continuous long-term light emission, irregular and random light emission, especially low-probability sporadic light emission), there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can quickly and automatically detect the abnormally emitting ONU and implement effective handling without affecting the normal services of other ONUs, so as to ensure the stable operation of the network and the continuity of services.

[0022] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, applied to ONU devices.

[0023] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs applied to ONU devices according to this application. Figure 2 As shown, the method for automatically detecting and handling abnormally emitting ONUs includes: A1. Receive the optical power pulse signal parameters set by the OLT. The parameters make the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of this ONU have characteristics that are different from other ONUs under the PON port. A2. When transmitting optical signals uplink, an optical power pulse signal with set characteristics is superimposed on the optical signal; A3. Based on the uplink bandwidth allocated by the OLT, normal data transmission shall be performed within the allocated time slots.

[0024] In this embodiment, by superimposing a specific optical power pulse signal on the uplink optical signal transmitted by the ONU, and using the specific optical power pulse signal as the identification of the ONU, after the OLT receives the optical signals uploaded by each ONU, it can determine which ONU each uplink optical signal belongs to by extracting and identifying the optical power pulse signal superimposed on each optical signal.

[0025] After identifying each uplink optical signal, the OLT calculates the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the optical signal (the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical power pulse signal is also the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical signal) and compares it with the theoretical bandwidth ratio pre-allocated to the ONU by the OLT. If the difference between the actual bandwidth ratio and the theoretical bandwidth ratio exceeds a set threshold, it indicates that the ONU is emitting light abnormally, that is, it has uploaded an optical signal in a time slot that is not allocated to it by the OLT.

[0026] Since the detection process only requires feature analysis of the optical signal at the physical layer, without modifying the existing communication protocol and message format, it ensures that the detection process is completely unaffected by normal services and effectively avoids the impact on other ONU services under PON.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, assuming the OLT allocates time slots T1, T2, T3, and T4 to ONU1, ONU2, ONU3, and ONU4 under the PON port, respectively, with corresponding theoretical bandwidth ratios of A1, A2, A3, and A4, then, assuming ONU2 experiences abnormal light emission, causing its uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal to occupy time slot T3 of ONU3, that is, the OLT detects the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU1 during time slot T1, and during time slots T2 and T4... If the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU2 are detected during time period T3, and the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU4 are detected during time period T4, it can be determined that the actual bandwidth ratio of ONU2 ((T2+T3) / (T1+T2+T3+T4)) is greater than its theoretical bandwidth ratio (T2 / (T1+T2+T3+T4)), causing ONU3 to be unable to send uplink optical signals normally in its own time slot T3. At this time, it can be determined that ONU2 has a brief abnormal emission.

[0028] In another specific embodiment, assuming that the OLT allocates time slots T1, T2, T3, and T4 to ONU1, ONU2, ONU3, and ONU4 under the PON port, respectively, with corresponding theoretical bandwidth ratios of A1, A2, A3, and A4, then, assuming that ONU2 emits abnormal light, causing the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU2 to occupy the time slot T3 of ONU3, that is, the OLT detects the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU1 in time slot T1, detects the uplink optical signals and corresponding optical power pulse signals of ONU2 and ONU3 simultaneously in time slots T2 and T3, and detects the uplink optical signal and corresponding optical power pulse signal of ONU4 in time slot T4. Although the abnormal signal of ONU2 exists in time slot T3, the OLT can distinguish the two signals by the difference in amplitude characteristics of the optical power pulse signal. In this specific situation, the OLT will only determine that ONU2 is abnormal, but not that ONU3 is abnormal. In a traditional PON system, when an ONU emits light abnormally, the OLT will usually assume that all ONUs are malfunctioning (manifested as signal conflict, CRC error, etc.) because it cannot distinguish overlapping signals.

[0029] In summary, this invention enables the OLT to accurately identify the signal of each ONU, even in the case of overlapping time slots, by using characteristic optical power pulse signals; it accurately calculates the actual signal ratio of each ONU, thereby accurately identifying ONUs that occasionally emit abnormal light.

[0030] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the superposition of the optical power pulse signals is achieved by adjusting the bias current or voltage of the TOSA.

[0031] In this embodiment, in the PON system, each ONU's TOSA module includes a laser diode (LD) and its driving circuit. Based on the parameters configured in the OLT and the photoelectric characteristics of the laser diode, the ONU's control circuit precisely fine-tunes the Transmitter Optical Subassembly (TOSA) by superimposing periodic pulsed current or voltage signals onto the bias circuit for normal data transmission. When a positive amplitude optical power pulse is needed, the system increases the current by ΔI or the voltage by ΔV at a specific time point; when a negative amplitude optical power pulse is needed, the current or voltage is correspondingly decreased (while ensuring the total bias remains above the laser diode's threshold). This fine-tuning only affects the instantaneous value of the optical power without changing the phase and frequency characteristics of the data modulation, thus achieving imperceptible marking of the uplink optical signal.

[0032] The OLT continuously monitors the changes in the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) signal value received by the Receiver Optical Subassembly (ROSA) and its analog-to-digital converter (ADC) value to analyze the characteristic optical power pulse signals of different ONUs. Since the pulse characteristics (amplitude, width, frequency, etc.) of each ONU are unique and known, the OLT can accurately distinguish the signals of each ONU and calculate the actual proportion of each characteristic pulse signal per unit time.

[0033] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the optical power pulse signal is characterized by at least one of pulse amplitude, pulse width, or pulse frequency.

[0034] In this embodiment, based on the optical power pulse signal parameters set by the OLT, optical power pulse signals with the same width and frequency but different amplitudes can be superimposed on the uplink optical signals of different ONUs, or optical power pulse signals with the same width and amplitude but different frequencies can be superimposed, or optical power pulse signals with the same frequency and amplitude but different widths can be superimposed.

[0035] One approach involves superimposing optical power pulse signals with the same width and frequency but different amplitudes onto the uplink optical signals of different ONUs. This achieves the superposition of optical power pulse signals of different amplitudes simply by adjusting the bias current or voltage of the TOSA at the ONU end via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). This requires minimal hardware modifications. The OLT only needs to continuously monitor the ADC value changes of the ROSA RSSI signal to resolve signals of different amplitudes without affecting time slot allocation, ensuring the normal operation of other ONUs. The disadvantage of this approach is its sensitivity to optical path loss. Different signal attenuation due to distance differences among different ONUs can affect the accuracy of amplitude determination. Furthermore, when the amplitude difference is small, it may be difficult to distinguish them in environments with high system noise, reducing the reliability of detection.

[0036] If a scheme is adopted that superimposes optical power pulse signals with the same width and amplitude but different frequencies onto the uplink optical signals of different ONUs, then the frequency modulation is not sensitive to optical path loss, is not affected by the distance difference between the ONU and the OLT, and can obtain more accurate signal identification capability through frequency domain analysis, and exhibits better anti-interference performance in noisy environments; however, the implementation complexity of this scheme is high, requiring more complex hardware support and additional modulation and demodulation circuits. The OLT end needs to have frequency domain analysis capability, which significantly increases the processing complexity. Crosstalk may also occur between signals of different frequencies, affecting the detection accuracy. Furthermore, the frequency modulation range is limited to a certain extent due to the time synchronization accuracy of the PON system.

[0037] If a scheme is adopted that superimposes optical power pulse signals with the same frequency and amplitude but different widths onto the uplink optical signals of different ONUs, the width modulation can be better integrated with the inherent time slot allocation mechanism of the PON system. The width change is directly reflected in the time domain, the analysis is relatively simple, and it is easier to integrate with existing burst mode reception technology. However, the main drawback of this scheme is that the width change will directly affect the time slot occupation, which may have an adverse impact on service quality. If the width is too small, the signal will be difficult to detect, while the width difference may encroach on the time slot resources of other ONUs. In addition, the width change requires extremely precise time control, which has high requirements for clock synchronization, and may conflict with the dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) mechanism in the PON system, increasing the system complexity and instability.

[0038] Overall, the first amplitude modulation scheme achieves a good balance in terms of implementation difficulty, system compatibility, and detection effect, and is currently a more practical solution.

[0039] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after receiving the abnormal handling instruction from the OLT, the ONU performs the corresponding laser control operation.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the OLT determines that an ONU is in an abnormal emission state through optical power pulse signal analysis (i.e., the difference between the actual optical power pulse signal ratio V and the theoretical bandwidth ratio B exceeds a preset threshold), it will send a specific abnormal handling command to the ONU. After receiving this command, the ONU immediately executes a preset laser control operation, mainly shutting down or adjusting its laser operating state, thereby cutting off the emission source of the abnormal optical signal.

[0041] In practice, the abnormal handling instructions may also include instructing the ONU to upload the optical signal again, and when the OLT determines that the ONU is emitting abnormal light again, shutting down or adjusting the working state of its laser, thereby cutting off the source of the abnormal optical signal.

[0042] The ONU can choose to perform different operations based on the level of the exception handling instruction. For example, a level 1 instruction only reduces the laser power for testing, a level 2 instruction temporarily shuts down the laser, and a level 3 instruction completely shuts down and locks the laser.

[0043] After the laser is turned off, the ONU can start an automatic recovery timer to attempt to reactivate the laser after a preset time interval (e.g., 30 seconds) and report the status to the OLT, thus achieving automatic recovery in case of failure.

[0044] The ONU not only responds to the OLT's abnormal handling commands, but can also autonomously initiate protective control operations based on locally detected abnormal laser operating parameters (such as temperature or current exceeding thresholds).

[0045] Further, in one embodiment, the OLT sets the parameter value of the optical power pulse signal subsequently superimposed on the ONU's uplink optical signal based on the power value of the uplink optical signal without superimposed optical power pulse signals initially received from the ONU. In this embodiment, when the ONU registers for the first time or re-enters the network, it first sends an uplink optical signal without superimposed optical power pulse signals. The OLT receives and measures the power value of this signal via ROSA, and dynamically sets the optical power pulse signal parameters suitable for the ONU based on the measurement results. Specifically: For ONUs with high signal power (usually located close to the OLT), the OLT is set to a smaller pulse amplitude or a shorter pulse width to avoid signal distortion or interference caused by excessively strong pulse signals. For ONUs with low signal power (usually located far from the OLT), the OLT is set to a larger pulse amplitude or a longer pulse width to ensure that the pulse signal has a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio at the OLT end for accurate detection. The OLT sends the configured parameters to the corresponding ONU via downlink control signaling. Based on the received parameter settings, the ONU superimposes optical power pulse signals with corresponding characteristics into the subsequent uplink optical signals.

[0046] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, which is applied to OLT devices.

[0047] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs applied to OLT equipment according to this application. Figure 3 As shown, the method for automatically detecting and handling abnormally emitting ONUs includes: Step B1: Allocate uplink bandwidth to each ONU under the PON port and determine the theoretical bandwidth ratio of each ONU; Step B2: Set the optical power pulse signal parameters for all ONUs under this PON port so that the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of each ONU has characteristics that are different from other ONUs; Step B3: Continuously detect and analyze the received optical power pulse signals, and count the actual proportion of the characteristic optical power pulse signal for each ONU to the total optical power pulse signal per unit time. Step B4: Compare the actual optical power pulse signal ratio of each ONU with its theoretical bandwidth ratio. When the difference exceeds a preset threshold, the ONU is determined to be an abnormally emitting ONU. Step B5: Issue an abnormality handling command to the ONU that is determined to be emitting abnormal light.

[0048] In this embodiment, a specific optical power pulse signal is superimposed on the uplink optical signal transmitted by the ONU, and the specific optical power pulse signal is used as the identification of the ONU. After the OLT receives the optical signal uploaded by each ONU, it can extract and identify the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the optical signal to determine which ONU sent the optical power pulse signal.

[0049] After identifying the optical power pulse signal, the OLT calculates the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the optical signal (the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical power pulse signal is also the actual bandwidth ratio of the optical signal) and compares it with the theoretical bandwidth ratio pre-allocated to the ONU by the OLT. If the difference between the actual bandwidth ratio and the theoretical bandwidth ratio exceeds a set threshold, it indicates that the ONU is emitting light abnormally, that is, it has uploaded an optical signal in a time slot that is not allocated to it by the OLT.

[0050] Since the detection process only requires feature analysis of the optical signal at the physical layer, without modifying the existing communication protocol and message format, it ensures that the detection process is completely unaffected by normal services and effectively avoids the impact on other ONU services under PON.

[0051] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the OLT analyzes the optical power pulse signal by continuously detecting the change pattern of the ADC value of the ROSA RSSI signal.

[0052] In this embodiment, in the PON system, each ONU superimposes a characteristic optical power pulse signal (mainly manifested as amplitude difference, while the width and frequency remain consistent) onto the uplink optical signal according to the parameters set by the OLT. When these optical signals arrive at the OLT, they first undergo photoelectric conversion through the ROSA (Optical Receiver Component) to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. The ROSA's built-in RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) monitors signal strength changes in real time and converts the analog signal into a digital value through an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter).

[0053] The OLT's optical power pulse signal receiving and processing unit continuously collects and analyzes the changing patterns of these ADC values. Specifically, because the amplitude of the pulse signal superimposed on each ONU is different, the intensity change pattern of its uplink optical signal is unique. By analyzing the waveform characteristics of the ADC values ​​(especially the amplitude changes), the OLT can distinguish the signals transmitted by different ONUs. In practice, the frequency of occurrence of pulse signals with various characteristic amplitudes per unit time is statistically analyzed to calculate the actual bandwidth ratio V. V is compared with the theoretical bandwidth ratio B. When |BV| exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the corresponding ONU has an abnormal emission problem.

[0054] This solution utilizes the inherent burst mode reception characteristics of PON systems to identify the ONU's identity and operating status by analyzing subtle changes in the RSSI signal, without requiring additional dedicated detection equipment.

[0055] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a PON system comprising one OLT device and at least one ONU device, wherein both the OLT device and the ONU device are based on the method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs.

[0056] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 4 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the system for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to this application. Figure 5 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the ONU of this application. Figure 6 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the OLT in this application. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, an optical power pulse signal transmission unit is added at the ONU end. This unit uses fixed period and amplitude parameters. By precisely controlling the bias current or modulation voltage of the TOSA (Optical Transmitter Component), it periodically modulates the uplink transmitted optical power, thereby superimposing a characteristic optical power pulse signal with fixed amplitude, width and frequency onto the normal service signal.

[0057] An optical power pulse signal receiving and processing unit is added at the OLT end. Based on the PON port dimension, the received optical signal is finely analyzed, the characteristic optical power pulse signals sent by each ONU are accurately identified and statistically analyzed, and the correspondence between the actual signal ratio and the theoretical bandwidth allocation is established. An abnormally emitting ONU control unit is added to the OLT. Based on the PON port dimension, the difference between the actual signal ratio and the theoretical bandwidth ratio of each ONU is compared and analyzed to accurately identify the abnormally emitting ONU and execute the corresponding control operations.

[0058] This solution combines characteristic signal modulation with intelligent analysis, enabling rapid and automatic detection and accurate processing of various abnormal emitting ONUs (including intermittent abnormal emitting) without affecting normal service transmission, significantly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and stability of the PON network.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The methods for automatically detecting and handling abnormally emitting ONUs at the ONU end include: The optical power pulse signal transmitting unit at the ONU end precisely controls the bias current or voltage of the TOSA through a DAC based on the optical power pulse signal parameters configured by the OLT, and superimposes a characteristic pulse signal onto the uplink transmitted optical signal of the ONU. This pulse signal has a fixed width and frequency, but its amplitude characteristics vary from ONU to ONU.

[0060] In practice, the OLT sets unique optical power pulse signal parameters for each ONU under the same PON port, ensuring that the uplink pulse signals sent by each ONU have the same width and frequency, but different amplitude values. These amplitude differences are not only reflected in the numerical value, but also include two directions: positive offset (increasing optical power) and negative offset (decreasing optical power). The OLT synchronously records the characteristic amplitude parameter F corresponding to each ONU as the benchmark for subsequent anomaly detection.

[0061] Under normal operating conditions of the PON system, based on the OLT's dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism, each ONU strictly adheres to its allocated time slots for uplink data transmission, sending optical signals superimposed with characteristic pulse signals only within the designated time slots. Any ONU transmitting optical signals outside of its allocated time slots is defined as abnormal emission, including continuous long-term emission, irregular random emission, and low-probability sporadic emission.

[0062] By identifying characteristic pulse signals that violate time slot allocation rules, accurate detection and processing of abnormally emitting ONUs can be achieved.

[0063] In another specific embodiment, refer to Figure 6 The methods for automatically detecting and handling abnormally emitting ONUs at the OLT end include: The OLT-side abnormal emission ONU management unit uses the PON port as the management unit. Based on service requirements, it allocates corresponding uplink bandwidth to each ONU under that PON port and accurately calculates the theoretical bandwidth ratio B for each ONU (i.e., the ratio of a single ONU's bandwidth to the total bandwidth of the PON port). Simultaneously, to ensure the distinguishability of each ONU's signal, the OLT sets uniquely identified optical power pulse signal parameters for all ONUs under the same PON port. This ensures that the pulse signals transmitted by each ONU have the same width and frequency, but different amplitude characteristics. The OLT synchronously records the characteristic amplitude parameters corresponding to each ONU.

[0064] The OLT-side optical power pulse signal receiving and processing unit uses the PON port as its processing unit. Through continuous monitoring of the ADC value changes of the ROSA RSSI signal by the main control chip, it achieves accurate analysis of the optical power pulse signal. This unit statistically analyzes the distribution of the number of pulse signals of different amplitudes received within a unit time window and calculates the actual proportion V of the characteristic pulse signal corresponding to each ONU.

[0065] The OLT-side abnormal emission ONU management unit compares and analyzes the theoretical bandwidth ratio B and the actual signal ratio V of each ONU. When the absolute difference between the two, |BV|, exceeds a preset threshold, it determines that the ONU has abnormal emission behavior. The system then triggers the abnormal handling mechanism, sends a control command to the abnormal ONU, precisely shuts down its laser, effectively isolates the source of the fault, and ensures that the services of other normal ONUs under the PON port are not affected.

[0066] By accurately identifying and analyzing characteristic pulse signals, rapid and automatic detection and processing of various abnormal emitting ONUs (including intermittent abnormal emitting) are achieved, significantly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and service continuity assurance capabilities of PON networks.

[0067] In another specific embodiment, a method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs is provided, the complete workflow of which is as follows: During the parameter configuration phase, the OLT-side abnormal emission ONU management unit uses the PON port as the management unit. Based on service requirements, it allocates uplink bandwidth to each ONU under that PON port and accurately calculates the theoretical bandwidth ratio B for each ONU (i.e., the ratio of the bandwidth allocated to a single ONU to the total bandwidth of the PON port). Simultaneously, to ensure the distinguishability of each ONU's signal, the OLT sets uniquely identified optical power pulse signal parameters for all ONUs under the same PON port. This ensures that the pulse signals transmitted by each ONU have the same width and frequency, but different amplitude characteristics (including both positive and negative offset directions), and synchronously records the characteristic amplitude parameter F corresponding to each ONU.

[0068] During the signal loading phase, the optical power pulse signal transmission unit at the ONU end precisely controls the bias current or voltage of the TOSA through the DAC according to the parameters configured in the OLT, and superimposes a characteristic pulse signal on the uplink transmitted optical signal of the ONU to achieve pulse signal transmission with fixed width and frequency but characteristic amplitude.

[0069] Signal analysis stage: The optical power pulse signal receiving and processing unit at the OLT end uses the PON port as the processing unit. Through the main control chip (Microcontroller Unit, MCU), it continuously monitors the ADC value changes of the ROSA RSSI signal to achieve accurate analysis of the optical power pulse signal. This unit statistically analyzes the distribution of the number of pulse signals of different amplitudes received within a unit time window and calculates the actual proportion V of the characteristic pulse signal corresponding to each ONU.

[0070] During the anomaly detection and handling phase, the OLT-side abnormal emission ONU control unit compares and analyzes the theoretical bandwidth ratio B and the actual signal ratio V of each ONU. When the absolute difference between the two, |BV|, exceeds a preset threshold, the ONU is determined to have abnormal emission behavior. The system then triggers the anomaly handling mechanism, issuing control commands to the abnormal ONU to precisely shut down its laser, effectively isolating the source of the fault, while ensuring that the services of other normal ONUs under the PON port are not affected.

[0071] This method achieves rapid and automatic detection and processing of various abnormal emitting ONUs (including continuous long-term emitting, irregular random emitting, and low-probability occasional emitting) through accurate identification and analysis of characteristic pulse signals. It significantly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and service continuity assurance capability of PON networks and solves the key problem that traditional technologies have difficulty in identifying occasional abnormal emitting ONUs.

[0072] The functions of each module in the above-mentioned system for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs correspond to the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiment for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs. Their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.

[0073] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0074] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0077] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0078] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0079] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, characterized in that, Applied to ONU devices, the method includes: The optical power pulse signal parameters set by the OLT are received, and the parameters make the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of this ONU have characteristics that are different from those of other ONUs under the PON port. When transmitting optical signals uplink, an optical power pulse signal with defined characteristics is superimposed on the optical signal; Normal data transmission is performed within the allocated time slots based on the uplink bandwidth allocated by the OLT.

2. The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superposition of the optical power pulse signals is achieved by adjusting the bias current or voltage of the TOSA.

3. The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical power pulse signal is characterized by at least one of pulse amplitude, pulse width, or pulse frequency.

4. The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the abnormal handling instruction from the OLT, the ONU executes the corresponding laser control operation.

5. A method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs, characterized in that, Applied to OLT devices, the method includes: Allocate uplink bandwidth to each ONU under the PON port and determine the theoretical bandwidth ratio of each ONU; Set the optical power pulse signal parameters for all ONUs under this PON port, so that the optical power pulse signal superimposed on the uplink optical signal of each ONU has characteristics that are different from those of other ONUs; Continuously detect and analyze the received optical power pulse signals, and statistically analyze the actual proportion of the characteristic optical power pulse signal for each ONU to the total optical power pulse signal per unit time. The actual optical power pulse signal ratio of each ONU is compared with its theoretical bandwidth ratio. When the difference exceeds a preset threshold, the ONU is determined to be an abnormally emitting ONU.

6. The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The OLT sets the parameter value of the optical power pulse signal subsequently superimposed on the ONU's uplink optical signal based on the power value of the uplink optical signal without superimposed optical power pulse signal initially received from the ONU.

7. The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The OLT analyzes the optical power pulse signal by continuously detecting the change pattern of the ADC value of the ROSA RSSI signal.

8. An ONU device, characterized in that, The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs based on any one of claims 1 to 4.

9. An OLT device, characterized in that, The method for automatically detecting and processing abnormally emitting ONUs based on any one of claims 5 to 7.

10. A PON system, characterized in that, It includes an OLT device as described in claim 9 and at least one ONU device as described in claim 8.

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