Atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement type stable plasma generating device and control method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plasma generating devices, in particular to an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror constraint type stable plasma generating device and a control method, which comprises a high-voltage pulse power supply and a matched radio frequency power supply, a pair of discharge electrodes, two annular neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets and a radio frequency coil; the two annular neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets are parallel, coaxial, same-pole and opposite; and the arrangement is N-N / S-S. The application utilizes the Lorentz force to make the plasma discharge channel through the accurate proportioning of the electric field and the magnetic field, avoids the formation of electric arc due to continuous discharge, can automatically close the plasma ball into a spherical shape through linear regulation and control of the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse, solves the problems of open plasma and irregularity of a traditional device, greatly improves the plasma constraint stability, can realize accurate physical phenomenon observation, is composed of only the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matched radio frequency power supply, the discharge electrodes and the two annular permanent magnets, has no complex parts, and the part mounting mode is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma generation technology, specifically to an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generation device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of plasma physics research, electromagnetic confinement technology development, and new energy exploration, a stable, self-closing spherical plasma structure is a crucial prerequisite for achieving accurate observation and efficient energy conversion, making the demand for related technologies increasingly urgent. Currently, existing technologies can only achieve open, linear plasma discharges and cannot form stable, self-closing spherical plasmas; furthermore, existing devices are generally complex in structure and expensive. In other words, current technologies have not yet overcome core challenges such as "the formation of self-closing spherical plasmas" and "achieving multi-scenario applications with simple structures," failing to meet the practical needs of experimental research, popular science education, and new power generation.

[0003] However, in general, the plasma formed by traditional discharge devices is mostly an open, straight arc discharge channel, which makes it difficult to achieve a self-closing spherical plasma structure. The plasma confinement stability is poor, which cannot meet the needs of precise physical observation and energy-efficient confinement. Existing plasma confinement devices have complex structures, high manufacturing costs, and cumbersome component matching, which is not conducive to basic physics experimental demonstrations, popular science teaching and miniaturized applications. Conventional plasma devices can only realize experimental observation or basic discharge functions, and cannot take into account multiple application scenarios such as plasma self-closing formation, magnetic field energy coupling and electromagnetic energy conversion to electrical energy, which is functionally limited.

[0004] In summary, it is necessary to propose an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator and control method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator and control method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention proposes an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator, comprising a high-voltage pulse power supply and a matching radio frequency power supply, a pair of discharge electrodes, two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and a radio frequency coil; The two ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged in parallel, coaxial and opposite poles: NN / SS, forming a magnetic mirror field. The discharge confinement gap between the two magnets is fixed at 35mm, and the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the gap is 0.15T~0.3T. This magnetic mirror field structure is the core for realizing plasma spherical confinement. A pair of discharge electrodes are horizontally insulated and fixed at both ends of the central axis of two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes matches the discharge constraint gap of the magnets and is 35mm. The high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply are electrically connected to the discharge electrode to provide a 1~5μs pulse width instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field for plasma formation. The radio frequency coil is directly integrated and wound on the outer ring of a single ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, realizing a high degree of coaxial integration between the radio frequency field and the magnetic mirror field, ensuring that the radio frequency field acts precisely on the plasma confinement region, and improving the spherical stability of the plasma. The instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets satisfy a proportional relationship: E / B≈c; In the formula, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, E is the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity, and B is the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets.

[0007] Preferably, the peak output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is fixed at 20kV, the pulse width adjustment range is 1~5μs, the pulse frequency adjustment range is 15kHz~150kHz, and it supports fine-tuning of the peak voltage by ±500V; the output voltage of the matching radio frequency power supply is fixed at 2kV, the operating frequency is fixed at 15MHz, the voltage amplitude ratio between the two is 10:1, the frequency ratio is 1:100~1000, and the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak position of the radio frequency sine wave. This parameter matching is the key to achieving stable generation of plasma photospheres.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic poles of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged such that both opposite faces are N poles or both are S poles. The NN / SS same-pole opposite arrangement allows the magnetic mirror field to cover the central region between the two magnets. The plasma discharge channel formed by the discharge electrodes avoids the formation of an electric arc due to continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse to pass through the central region and perpendicularly cut the transverse magnetic field lines.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a reciprocating vibration module; The moving end of the reciprocating vibration module is rigidly connected to the fixed bracket of the magnetic confinement component, which can drive the magnetic confinement component to reciprocate up and down in a direction perpendicular to the confinement plane of the plasma sphere. The dual-mode seamless switching can be achieved by adjusting the working frequency of the vibration module: when the vibration frequency is ≤3 times / second, the device outputs electromagnetic wave radiation; when the vibration frequency is ≥5 times / second, the inertia is used to achieve the directional projection of the plasma sphere. No other core parameters need to be adjusted during the switching process.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge electrode is horizontally insulated and fixed by insulating patches or insulating tape to ensure the insulation between the discharge electrode and surrounding components and the stability of the installation.

[0011] This invention also proposes a magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method for an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator, comprising the following steps: S1. Connect the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, apply the instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs to both ends of the discharge electrode, break down the gas between the discharge electrodes to form a plasma discharge channel, avoid continuous discharge to form an electric arc, and the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. S2. Plasma discharge channel, to avoid continuous discharge forming an electric arc, the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high voltage pulse. It passes through the central hole of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets in the horizontal direction, and cuts the transverse magnetic field lines vertically, so that the plasma is in a uniform and symmetrical transverse magnetic field. S3. Adjust the peak voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the output parameters of the radio frequency power supply to strictly meet the 10:1 amplitude ratio of the high-voltage pulse voltage of 20kV and the radio frequency voltage of 2kV, and the 1:100~1000 frequency ratio of the high-voltage pulse frequency of 15kHz~150kHz and the radio frequency of 15MHz. Ensure that the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak of the radio frequency sine wave, so that the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity B at the center of the two magnets satisfy the ratio E / B≈c. Under the action of the Lorentz force, the plasma bends and contracts to form a stable self-closing spherical plasma. S4. The magnetic confinement component is driven to reciprocate up and down by the reciprocating vibration module. The working frequency of the vibration module is adjusted to achieve seamless switching between the two modes, realizing the directional projection of electromagnetic waves or self-closing spherical plasma.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, when adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, the output voltage satisfies the formula: U = c × B × d; In the formula, U is the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, d is the electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes, and the output voltage is adjusted to 20kV.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, when the working frequency of the up-and-down reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≤3 times / second, the device outputs light-like direct electromagnetic wave radiation.

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, when the operating frequency of the reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≥5 times / second, the self-closed spherical plasma in the original confinement area completes directional ejection under inertial action, and the device can regenerate a new stable self-closed spherical plasma in the central region of the magnetic mirror field.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, there is no direct physical connection between the discharge electrodes; a plasma discharge path is formed only by breaking down the gas between the electrodes through an instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the Lorentz force to create a plasma discharge channel through a precise ratio of electric and magnetic fields, avoiding the formation of an electric arc from continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma sphere can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse to automatically close into a spherical shape, solving the problem of open and irregular plasma in traditional devices. The stability of plasma confinement is significantly improved, enabling precise observation of physical phenomena. It consists only of a high-voltage pulse power supply, a matching radio frequency power supply, discharge electrodes, and two ring-shaped permanent magnets, with no complex components. The component installation method is simple. The neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are a conventional magnetic material, resulting in low procurement and manufacturing costs, facilitating mass production and promotion. It can simultaneously meet the experimental observation of plasma self-closing phenomena, verification of Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, and popular science teaching of plasma confinement principles, laying the foundation for subsequent long-term plasma power generation technology. It is suitable for multiple application scenarios, including experiments, teaching, and new energy research. The components have no complex connections, and the discharge electrodes are simply fixed with insulating materials. Only adjusting the high-voltage power supply voltage is needed to achieve spherical plasma closure, without the need for complex professional debugging. Even non-professionals can complete basic experimental demonstrations. Furthermore, the control method for the spherical plasma is simple and easy to implement. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention proposes an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator, comprising a high-voltage pulse power supply and a matching radio frequency power supply, a pair of discharge electrodes, two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and a radio frequency coil; The two ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged in parallel, coaxial and opposite poles: NN / SS, forming a magnetic mirror field. The discharge confinement gap between the two magnets is fixed at 35mm, and the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the gap is 0.15T~0.3T. This magnetic mirror field structure is the core for realizing plasma spherical confinement. A pair of discharge electrodes are horizontally insulated and fixed at both ends of the central axis of two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes matches the discharge constraint gap of the magnets and is 35mm. The high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply are electrically connected to the discharge electrode to provide a 1~5μs pulse width instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field for plasma formation. The radio frequency coil is directly integrated and wound on the outer ring of a single ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, realizing a high degree of coaxial integration between the radio frequency field and the magnetic mirror field, ensuring that the radio frequency field acts precisely on the plasma confinement region, and improving the spherical stability of the plasma. The instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets satisfy a proportional relationship: E / B≈c; In the formula, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, E is the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity, and B is the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that the peak output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is fixed at 20kV, the pulse width adjustment range is 1~5μs, the pulse frequency adjustment range is 15kHz~150kHz, and it supports fine-tuning of the peak voltage by ±500V; the output voltage of the matching radio frequency power supply is fixed at 2kV, the operating frequency is fixed at 15MHz, the voltage amplitude ratio between the two is 10:1, the frequency ratio is 1:100~1000, and the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak position of the radio frequency sine wave. This parameter matching is the key to achieving stable generation of plasma photospheres.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that the magnetic poles of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged such that both opposite faces are N poles or both are S poles. The NN / SS same-pole opposite arrangement allows the magnetic mirror field to cover the central region between the two magnets. The plasma discharge channel formed by the discharge electrodes avoids the formation of an electric arc due to continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse to pass through the central region and vertically cut the transverse magnetic field lines.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, it should also be noted that it includes an up-and-down reciprocating vibration module; The moving end of the reciprocating vibration module is rigidly connected to the fixed bracket of the magnetic confinement component, which can drive the magnetic confinement component to reciprocate up and down in a direction perpendicular to the confinement plane of the plasma sphere. The dual-mode seamless switching can be achieved by adjusting the working frequency of the vibration module: when the vibration frequency is ≤3 times / second, the device outputs electromagnetic wave radiation; when the vibration frequency is ≥5 times / second, the inertia is used to achieve the directional projection of the plasma sphere. No other core parameters need to be adjusted during the switching process.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that the discharge electrode is horizontally insulated and fixed by insulating patches or insulating tape to ensure the insulation between the discharge electrode and surrounding components and the stability of the installation.

[0023] Based on the device, this invention also proposes a magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method for an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator, comprising the following steps: S1. Connect the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, apply the instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs to both ends of the discharge electrode, break down the gas between the discharge electrodes to form a plasma discharge channel, avoid continuous discharge to form an electric arc, and the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. S2. Plasma discharge channel, to avoid continuous discharge forming an electric arc, the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high voltage pulse. It passes through the central hole of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets in the horizontal direction, and cuts the transverse magnetic field lines vertically, so that the plasma is in a uniform and symmetrical transverse magnetic field. S3. Adjust the peak voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the output parameters of the radio frequency power supply to strictly meet the 10:1 amplitude ratio of the high-voltage pulse voltage of 20kV and the radio frequency voltage of 2kV, and the 1:100~1000 frequency ratio of the high-voltage pulse frequency of 15kHz~150kHz and the radio frequency of 15MHz. Ensure that the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak of the radio frequency sine wave, so that the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity B at the center of the two magnets satisfy the ratio E / B≈c. Under the action of the Lorentz force, the plasma bends and contracts to form a stable self-closing spherical plasma. S4. The magnetic confinement component is driven to reciprocate up and down by the reciprocating vibration module. The working frequency of the vibration module is adjusted to achieve seamless switching between the two modes, realizing the directional projection of electromagnetic waves or self-closing spherical plasma.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that when adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply in step S3, the output voltage satisfies the formula: U = c × B × d; In the formula, U is the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, d is the electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes, and the output voltage is adjusted to 20kV.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that when the working frequency of the up-and-down reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≤3 times / second in step S4, the device outputs light-like direct electromagnetic wave radiation.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that when the working frequency of the up-and-down reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≥5 times / second in step S4, the self-closed spherical plasma in the original constraint area completes directional ejection under inertial action, and the device can regenerate a new stable self-closed spherical plasma in the central region of the magnetic mirror field.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, it should also be noted that there is no direct physical connection between the discharge electrodes in step S1. The plasma discharge path is formed only by breaking down the gas between the electrodes through an instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs.

[0028] Example 1: This invention proposes a magnetically confined controllable plasma generator. Specifically, the structural selection and arrangement of the magnetically confined controllable plasma generator are as follows: This embodiment discloses the specific hardware selection, specifications, and connection arrangement of each component of the magnetic field confinement controllable plasma generator. The selected existing technology components are all commercially available and mature products that can be directly purchased and implemented. The details are as follows: The high-voltage pulse power supply and matching radio frequency power supply are the commercially available WGF-20kV adjustable high-voltage pulse power supply and matching radio frequency power supply. The output voltage adjustment range of this power supply is 10kV~20kV. It has a built-in high-precision voltage fine adjustment knob, supports ±500V fine adjustment, and the voltage output accuracy is ≤±10V. It has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions and provides a stable 1~5μs pulse width instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field for plasma formation. Its output terminal is equipped with a high-voltage insulated wire (withstand voltage rating ≥30kV) for electrical connection with the discharge electrode.

[0029] Two N35 grade toroidal NdFeB permanent magnets are used, with an outer diameter of 50mm, an inner diameter of 25mm, and a thickness of 10mm. The magnetic field strength of a single magnet is 0.2T to 0.5T. The magnetic poles of both magnets are set as N pole on the upper surface and S pole on the lower surface. An acrylic fixing bracket is used to ensure that the two magnets are parallel, coaxial, and opposite to each other with the same poles: NN / SS arrangement, with the central axes of the magnets collinear. The distance between the two magnets is 80mm, ensuring that a uniform and symmetrical transverse magnetic field is formed in the central area of ​​the two magnets, with a magnetic field uniformity of ≥90%.

[0030] The discharge electrodes are a pair of rod-shaped discharge electrodes made of copper, which has good conductivity and high temperature resistance. The electrodes are 8mm in diameter and 100mm in length. The pair of discharge electrodes are horizontally fixed on an acrylic bracket using polytetrafluoroethylene insulating patches (high temperature resistance ≥200℃, insulation resistance ≥10Ω). The electrodes are located at both ends of the central axis of two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The electrode spacing can be adjusted within the range of 20mm to 50mm. The discharge electrodes have no direct physical contact with the surrounding metal parts to ensure insulation. The terminals of the discharge electrodes are welded with high-voltage terminals and crimped to the high-voltage insulated wires of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply.

[0031] The radio frequency coil uses QZY type polyurethane enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.6mm, wound with 1000 turns to form a toroidal radio frequency coil with an inner diameter of 60mm and an outer diameter of 80mm. It is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the acrylic bracket between two toroidal neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, covering the area where plasma discharge and the magnetic field generated by the sphere are generated. The enameled wires at both ends of the radio frequency coil are led out and the insulation layer is stripped, and connected to the rectifier and filter module (common KBPC1010 rectifier bridge + 1000μF electrolytic capacitor) to recover the electromagnetic energy generated by the plasma and convert it into DC power.

[0032] The reciprocating vibration module uses the commercially available SL40 precision electric slide table. This slide table consists of a stepper motor (42 stepper motor, step angle 1.8°), a ball screw (lead 5mm), and a slide table base. The positioning accuracy is ≤0.01mm. It has the functions of stroke adjustment and precise displacement setting. The acrylic bracket of the plasma generator is fixed as a whole on the moving platform of the electric slide table. The moving direction of the slide table is consistent with the central axis of the ring neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, realizing the axial reciprocating motion and precise displacement control of the entire device.

[0033] All components are integrated on an aluminum alloy experimental platform for overall fixation and protection. The high-voltage wiring area is covered with a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating sleeve, and an insulating protective railing is set up around the platform to avoid the risk of high-voltage electric shock. The whole device has no complicated parts connection, and each component is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0034] In this embodiment, the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes of the device and the transverse magnetic field intensity B at the center of the two magnets satisfy E / B≈c (c=3×10m / s), and the output voltage U of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply satisfy the formula U=c×B×d (d is the distance between the discharge electrodes), providing the core conditions for the plasma to self-close and form a spherical structure.

[0035] Example 2: This example is based on the magnetic field confinement controllable plasma generator built in Example 1. It discloses a specific plasma control method. Each step is implemented using existing control components. The specific operation steps are as follows: S1. To form a plasma discharge channel and prevent the formation of an electric arc from continuous discharge, the equivalent diameter of the plasma sphere can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. Close the main power switch of the WGF-20kV high-voltage pulse power supply and its matching RF power supply, and adjust the power output voltage to the initial value of 10kV. A transient high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs is applied to both ends of a pair of copper discharge electrodes through a high-voltage insulated wire. Under normal atmospheric pressure, the air between the electrodes is broken down by the transient high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs, generating plasma and forming a linear plasma discharge channel along the central axis of the electrodes. This avoids the formation of an electric arc due to continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma sphere can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. In this step, there is no direct physical connection between the discharge electrodes. The plasma discharge path is formed only by breaking down the air through the transient high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs. The overcurrent protection function of the power supply can prevent short circuit damage to the equipment.

[0036] S2. Place the plasma in the magnetic mirror field: The linear plasma discharge channel avoids the formation of an electric arc from continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma sphere can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. The plasma passes through the central hole of two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets in a horizontal direction. The extension direction of the discharge channel is perpendicular to the transverse magnetic field lines formed by the magnets, so that the plasma is completely in the uniform and symmetrical transverse magnetic field in the central region of the two magnets. The magnetic field exerts a uniform Lorentz force on the plasma.

[0037] S3. Adjusting parameters to form a self-closing spherical plasma: The output voltage is adjusted by using the high-precision fine-tuning knob of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply. The target voltage value is calculated using the formula U=c×B×d. For example: If the central transverse magnetic field strength of the toroidal neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is selected as B=0.3T and the discharge electrode spacing is 30mm (0.03m), then the target voltage U=3×10m / s×0.3T×0.03m=27000V. Since the upper limit of the power supply output voltage is 20kV, it is actually adjusted to 20kV. At this time, the instantaneous pulse peak electric field strength E=U / d=20000V / 0.03m≈6.67×10V / m, which satisfies the ratio relationship E / B≈c. Under the influence of the Lorentz force, the plasma bends and contracts along the direction of the magnetic field lines. The voltage is continuously adjusted until the plasma forms a stable, self-closing spherical plasma with a diameter of 50 mm. This spherical plasma is suspended in the central region of the two magnets without significant drift, and the confinement stability is ≥95%.

[0038] S4. Precise control enables the emission of electromagnetic waves or spherical plasma: Using the matching controller (with digital display displacement setting function) of the SL40 precision electric slide stage, and taking the equivalent diameter d of the self-closing spherical plasma (d=50mm in this embodiment) as the reference parameter, the single axial drive displacement of the electric slide stage is set to achieve precise emission of electromagnetic waves or spherical plasma. Specifically, there are two cases: Emitting light-like direct electromagnetic waves: Set the single axial drive displacement in the controller to 75mm (i.e. 1.5d), start the electric slide, the slide drives the plasma generator to move axially back and forth along the central axis. After the displacement is in place, the device resets. At this time, the originally stable self-closing spherical plasma generates electromagnetic radiation and emits light-like direct electromagnetic waves along the axial direction. The propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves is consistent with the drive direction of the slide. Launching a new self-closing spherical plasma: Set the single axial drive displacement in the controller to 160mm (i.e. 3.2d, exceeding 3d), start the electric slide, and after the slide drives the device to complete the axial displacement, the original suspended self-closing spherical plasma disappears, and a new closed and stable self-closing spherical plasma is re-formed in the central region of the magnetic field, and the directional launch of the spherical plasma is achieved with the displacement of the device.

[0039] In this embodiment, all steps are operated using existing control components (power fine-tuning knob, slide controller), which allows for precise parameter adjustment and strong linkage between steps. This enables the stable and repeatable formation of a self-closing spherical plasma structure and the controllable emission of electromagnetic waves and spherical plasma.

[0040] Example 3 is an optional implementation of Examples 1 and 2, with only the specifications of some components adjusted, while the rest of the structure and control methods remain the same, as detailed below: The radio frequency coil uses 0.5mm diameter enameled copper wire, with 800 turns. Even after being wrapped around the outside of the magnet, it can still effectively recover plasma electromagnetic energy. The discharge electrode spacing is adjusted to 20mm, and the transverse magnetic field strength at the center of the annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is selected as 0.2T. According to the formula U=c×B×d, U=12000V is calculated. The high voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply are adjusted to 12kV, and the ratio relationship of E / B≈c is still satisfied, which can form a stable self-closing spherical plasma with a diameter of 30mm. The up-and-down reciprocating vibration module is set to a single displacement of 60mm (2d) to emit light-like direct electromagnetic waves; when the single displacement is set to 100mm (3.3d), it emits a new self-closing spherical plasma.

[0041] In this embodiment, the adjusted parameters are still within the scope of the present invention, and the selected components are still existing mature products on the market. The same technical effects as in Embodiments 1 and 2 can be achieved, which verifies the parameter adaptability and implementation feasibility of the device and control method.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator, characterized in that, It includes a high-voltage pulse power supply and a matching radio frequency power supply, a pair of discharge electrodes, two ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, and a radio frequency coil; The two ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged in parallel, coaxial and opposite poles: NN / SS, forming a magnetic mirror field. The discharge confinement gap between the two magnets is fixed at 35mm, and the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the gap is 0.15T~0.3T. This magnetic mirror field structure is the core for realizing plasma spherical confinement. A pair of discharge electrodes are horizontally insulated and fixed at both ends of the central axis of two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes matches the discharge constraint gap of the magnets and is 35mm. The high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply are electrically connected to the discharge electrode to provide a 1~5μs pulse width instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field for plasma formation. The radio frequency coil is directly integrated and wound on the outer ring of a single ring-shaped neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, realizing a high degree of coaxial integration between the radio frequency field and the magnetic mirror field, ensuring that the radio frequency field acts precisely on the plasma confinement region, and improving the spherical stability of the plasma. The instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets satisfy a proportional relationship: E / B≈c; In the formula, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, E is the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity, and B is the transverse magnetic field intensity at the center of the two magnets.

2. The atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peak output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is fixed at 20kV, the pulse width adjustment range is 1~5μs, and the pulse frequency adjustment range is 15kHz~150kHz, supporting fine-tuning of the peak voltage by ±500V. The output voltage of the matching radio frequency power supply is fixed at 2kV, and the operating frequency is fixed at 15MHz. The voltage amplitude ratio between the two is 10:1, and the frequency ratio is 1:100~1000. Furthermore, the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak position of the radio frequency sine wave. This parameter matching is the key to achieving stable generation of plasma photospheres.

3. The atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic poles of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged such that both opposite faces are N poles or both are S poles. The NN / SS same-pole opposite arrangement allows the magnetic mirror field to cover the central region between the two magnets. The plasma discharge channel formed by the discharge electrodes avoids the formation of an electric arc due to continuous discharge. The equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse to pass through the central region and perpendicularly cut the transverse magnetic field lines.

4. The atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reciprocating vibration module; The moving end of the reciprocating vibration module is rigidly connected to the fixed bracket of the magnetic confinement component, which can drive the magnetic confinement component to reciprocate up and down in a direction perpendicular to the plasma ball confinement plane. The dual-mode seamless switching can be achieved by adjusting the working frequency of the vibration module: when the vibration frequency is ≤3 times / second, the device outputs electromagnetic wave radiation. When the vibration frequency is ≥5 times / second, the directional projection of the plasma sphere is achieved by utilizing inertia, and no other core parameters need to be adjusted during the switching process.

5. The atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror confinement stable plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge electrode is horizontally insulated and fixed by insulating patches or insulating tape, ensuring the insulation between the discharge electrode and surrounding components and the stability of the installation.

6. A magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method for an atmospheric pressure magnetic mirror-confined stable plasma generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, apply the instantaneous high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs to both ends of the discharge electrode, break down the gas between the discharge electrodes to form a plasma discharge channel, avoid continuous discharge to form an electric arc, and the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high-voltage pulse. S2. Plasma discharge channel, to avoid continuous discharge forming an electric arc, the equivalent diameter of the plasma ball can be linearly controlled by adjusting the pulse width of the high voltage pulse. It passes through the central hole of the two annular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets in the horizontal direction, and cuts the transverse magnetic field lines vertically, so that the plasma is in a uniform and symmetrical transverse magnetic field. S3. Adjust the peak voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the output parameters of the radio frequency power supply to strictly meet the 10:1 amplitude ratio of the high-voltage pulse voltage of 20kV and the radio frequency voltage of 2kV, and the 1:100~1000 frequency ratio of the high-voltage pulse frequency of 15kHz~150kHz and the radio frequency of 15MHz. Ensure that the triggering time of the high-voltage pulse is strictly aligned with the peak of the radio frequency sine wave, so that the instantaneous pulse peak electric field intensity E between the discharge electrodes and the transverse magnetic field intensity B at the center of the two magnets satisfy the ratio E / B≈c. Under the action of the Lorentz force, the plasma bends and contracts to form a stable self-closing spherical plasma. S4. The magnetic confinement component is driven to reciprocate up and down by the reciprocating vibration module. The working frequency of the vibration module is adjusted to achieve seamless switching between the two modes, realizing the directional projection of electromagnetic waves or self-closing spherical plasma.

7. The magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, when adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching RF power supply, the output voltage satisfies the formula: U = c × B × d; In the formula, U is the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply and the matching radio frequency power supply, d is the electrode spacing of the discharge electrodes, and the output voltage is adjusted to 20kV.

8. The magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, when the working frequency of the up-and-down reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≤3 times / second, the device outputs light-like direct electromagnetic wave radiation.

9. The magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, when the working frequency of the reciprocating vibration module is adjusted to ≥5 times / second, the self-closed spherical plasma in the original confinement area completes directional ejection under inertial action, and the device can regenerate a new stable self-closed spherical plasma in the central region of the magnetic mirror field.

10. The magnetic field-confined controllable plasma control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, there is no direct physical connection between the discharge electrodes. The plasma discharge path is formed by breaking down the gas between the electrodes through a transient high-voltage pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1~5μs.