Hollow support plate internal cavity and exhaust hole processing device and method
By using a hollow support plate internal cavity and vent hole machining device and a one-time clamping technology, the machining problem of hollow support plate parts has been solved, achieving efficient and precise machining of vent holes and cavities, and improving machining quality and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA HANGFA GUIZHOU LIYANG AVIATION POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
The internal cavities and vents of hollow support plate parts are difficult to machine, especially the 60° inclined holes and the variable radius undercut rounding. Existing technology makes it difficult to achieve machining in a single clamping.
A device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate is adopted, including a fixture adapter plate, a fixture base plate, a positioning base plate, a positioning pin, a bottom support column, and a side clamping block. The device achieves simultaneous processing of the vent holes and the internal cavity through a single clamping. First, the hole plane is processed on the inclined surface, and then the hole is drilled and rounded.
It has achieved high-quality and high-efficiency machining of hollow support plate parts, solved problems such as support plate deformation, difficulty in ensuring position accuracy, and wall thickness control, and improved machining accuracy and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122125263A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, specifically relating to an apparatus and method for machining the internal cavities and exhaust holes of hollow support plate parts for aero engines. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of aero-engine performance, the components have become increasingly complex and difficult to process in order to achieve the required performance. Hollow components are the most typical example. The outer surface is shaped like a curved blade, while the inner surface is hollow. The inner wall and the outer blade contour are the same curved contour. The machining of the inner and outer curved surfaces must also ensure the wall thickness requirement, which is usually within 1 mm. It belongs to the thin-walled part category. Furthermore, the wall thickness of the inclined curved surface must be machined with angled exhaust holes, including precision holes with a diameter of less than 2 mm. The hole openings must also be rounded.
[0003] During semi-finished processing ( Figure 2 The hollow support plate semi-blade part 3) has the following processing features: welding surface, internal cavity curved surface contour, drilling and reaming, hole rounding, etc. The processing difficulties include: control of support plate deformation, difficulty in ensuring the center position of the hole center angle and the internal cavity curved surface contour with an angle of more than 60°, difficulty in ensuring the position accuracy of the internal cavity curved surface contour and the hole, control of the wall thickness of the internal cavity curved surface contour, control of hole processing depth to ensure that the external blade contour can be exposed after processing, and difficulty in rounding due to the change of hole radius and the undercut. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention aims to provide a processing device and method for internal cavities and vent holes of hollow support plates, solving the processing problems of vent holes and curved surface contours of internal cavities in hollow support plate parts, especially solving the problems of processing 60° inclined holes and variable radius undercut rounding on curved surface contours, and realizing one-time clamping and processing of internal cavities and holes.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate includes a fixture adapter plate, a fixture base plate, a positioning base plate, a positioning pin, a bottom support column, a side clamping block base, a side clamping block, a part clamping block, and a part tensioning block. The fixture adapter plate is disc-shaped and is used to connect with a CNC milling machine. Multiple slots penetrating the axial end face of the fixture adapter plate are provided along the circumferential direction of the fixture adapter plate. The fixture base plate is cubic in shape, and one end of the fixture base plate along its length is detachable and vertically connected to one axial end face of the fixture adapter plate. The positioning base plate is detachably mounted on the end face of the clamp base plate in the thickness direction. The upper end face of the positioning base plate is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion. The height of the upper end face of the first positioning protrusion is greater than the height of the upper end face of the second positioning protrusion. The side plane of the first positioning protrusion forms a side positioning surface, and the upper end plane of the second positioning protrusion forms a lower positioning surface. The positioning pin is inserted into the upper end face of the fixture base plate and is located between the axial end face of the positioning base plate and the fixture adapter plate. The bottom support column is inserted into the upper end face of the fixture base plate. There are at least two bottom support columns, one of which is located between the positioning pin and the positioning base plate, and the other is located on the outer side of the positioning base plate away from the fixture adapter plate. The side clamping block base is detachably installed on the upper end face of the fixture base plate and is located on the side opposite to the first positioning protrusion on the positioning base plate. A side clamping block is installed on the side clamping block base, and the side clamping block and the side clamping block base are engaged by an inclined surface. The part clamping block is mounted on the fixture base plate and located on the side of the positioning base plate opposite to the first positioning protrusion, for applying clamping force from top to bottom; The part tensioning block passes through the first positioning protrusion of the positioning base plate and is connected to the fixture base plate to apply a clamping force from top to bottom.
[0006] Alternatively, the fixture adapter plate is connected to the A-axis of a four-axis CNC milling machine via a connector within a slot.
[0007] Alternatively, the end face of the fixture base plate away from the fixture adapter plate is provided with a center hole for fitting with a center.
[0008] Alternatively, the positioning base plate is mounted on the upper end face of the base plate in the thickness direction by positioning base plate screws.
[0009] Alternatively, the side clamping block base is mounted on the upper end face of the fixture base plate by side clamping block base screws. The side clamping block base surface has a first inclined plane, the side clamping block surface has a second inclined plane and a lateral clamping surface connected to the second inclined plane, and the side clamping block presses the second inclined plane onto the first inclined plane by side clamping block screws.
[0010] As an option: There are at least two part clamping blocks located on both sides of the side clamping block. The lower end of the part clamping block is equipped with a support leg. The part clamping block is connected to the upper end face of the fixture base plate by part clamping block screws. There are at least two part tensioning blocks. The part tensioning blocks pass through the first positioning protrusion of the positioning base plate and the clamp base plate and are then tightened by a nut located on the lower end face of the clamp base plate.
[0011] A method for machining the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate, using the aforementioned machining apparatus, and comprising the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the hollow support plate half blank part. The lower surface of the hollow support plate half blank part is supported and positioned by the second positioning protrusion on the positioning base plate and the bottom support column. One end of the hollow support plate half blank part is positioned in the length direction by the positioning pin. The width direction of the hollow support plate half blank part is clamped and pressed by the side clamping block and the first positioning protrusion. The thickness direction of the hollow support plate half blank part is pressed by the part clamping block and the part tensioning block. Step 2: Machining the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank. After machining the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank, the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank is rotated to the hole machining angle by the CNC milling machine driven by the fixture adapter plate to form an inclined plane. A small plane is first machined on the inclined plane to form the hole plane, so as to ensure that the drill bit is perpendicular to the hole plane when drilling later. Step 3: First, use a drill bit perpendicular to the plane of the hole in Step 2 to drill the bottom hole of the vent hole, and then use a reamer to process it to obtain the size of the vent hole; Step 4: Rotate the fixture adapter plate again until the upper plane is horizontal. Machin the internal cavity on the upper plane in sequence: rough milling, semi-finish milling, and finish milling. Step 5: Round the exhaust hole opening processed in Step 3.
[0012] This invention proposes a novel processing approach: first machining the vent holes, then machining the cavity to obtain the curved surface contour. The vent holes and the internal cavity are machined as a single unit, ensuring control over their deformation and position. An inclined surface is formed by rotation, and then the vent holes are machined on this inclined surface. During machining, the bottom plane of the hole is milled first, followed by drilling to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the vent holes. Finally, the opening of the vent holes is rounded to ensure proper machining position.
[0013] Compared with existing processing (clamping) devices and methods, the processing device used in this invention can complete the processing of the internal cavity curved surface contour, vent holes and hole rounding of hollow support plate semi-blank parts in one clamping. It solves a series of problems such as support plate deformation, difficulty in ensuring position accuracy, control of internal cavity curved surface contour wall thickness, and hole radius change plus undercut rounding processing during segmented processing, and realizes high-quality and high-efficiency processing of such parts. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a 3D diagram of a processing device for hollow support plate semi-blank parts; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of a hollow support plate semi-blade part clamped on a processing device; Figure 3 yes Figure 2The exploded view of the hollow support plate semi-blade part being clamped on the machining device is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The front view of the hollow support plate semi-blade part being clamped on the machining device is shown. Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a top view of the hollow support plate semi-blade part being clamped on the machining device. Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The left view of the hollow support plate semi-blade part shown is clamped on the machining device; Figure 7 This is a plan view showing the machining positions of the holes in the hollow support plate semi-blank part; Figure 8 This is the drilling and reaming diagram for completing the hollow support plate semi-blank part; Figure 9 This is the machining drawing for the internal cavity of the hollow support plate semi-blank part; Figure 10 This is the machining drawing for rounding the holes in the hollow support plate semi-blank part; In the diagram: 1. Fixture adapter plate, 2. Fixture base plate, 3. Hollow support plate semi-blank part, 4. Positioning base plate, 5. Positioning pin, 6. Bottom support column, 7. Positioning base plate screw, 8. Nut, 9. Side clamping block base, 10. Side clamping block, 11. Side clamping block base screw, 12. Side clamping block screw, 13. Part clamping block, 14. Part tensioning block, 15. Part clamping block screw. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.
[0016] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this invention provides a device for machining vent holes in hollow support plate parts, used for machining hollow support plate semi-blank parts 3 on a four-axis CNC milling machine. Figure 1 The processing equipment was displayed. Figure 2 This shows the state of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3 being clamped on the machining device. Figure 3 The various components of the processing device are shown, including fixture adapter plate 1, fixture base plate 2, positioning base plate 4, positioning pin 5, bottom support column 6, positioning base plate screw 7, nut 8, side clamping block base 9, side clamping block 10, side clamping block base screw 11, side clamping block screw 12, part clamping block 13, part tensioning block 14, and part clamping block screw 15.
[0017] The functions and roles of each component are as follows: Adapter plate 1 is used to connect to the A-axis of a four-axis CNC milling machine; fixture base plate 2 is connected to adapter plate 1 with screws; the other end of fixture base plate 2 can be supplemented with center holes for auxiliary support if necessary; positioning base plate 4 is locked in place by positioning base plate screws 7 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The upper surface of the positioning base plate 4 has 10 cubic protrusions as second positioning protrusions, and 3 positioning protrusions located on the upper left, with a height higher than the 10 cubic protrusions, as first positioning protrusions. The interval between the 3 second positioning protrusions is used to install the part tensioning block 14. The positioning pin 5, the bottom support column 6, and the side clamping block base 9 are fixedly installed on the fixture base plate 2. The hollow support plate half blank part 3 is placed on the positioning base plate 4. First, tighten the side clamping block screw 12 so that the side clamping block 10 is aligned in the N direction (see Figure 2 The clamping block 13 has a certain clamping force to ensure that the hollow support plate half-blank part 3 is tightly attached to the positioning base plate 4 and positioning pin 5. Then, tighten the part clamping block screw 15 and nut 8, so that the part clamping block 13 and the part tensioning block 14 press down and pull the hollow support plate half-blank part 3 to be processed. Since the hollow support plate half-blank part 3 needs to be rotated 60° to process the exhaust hole during processing, if the clamping on both sides is done in the same way, it is easy to cause interference with the tool. Therefore, the part tensioning block 14 on the other side is designed to be tightened on the lower end face of the fixture base plate 2, which can avoid interference caused by the tool clamping being too short. The part clamping block 13 is Z-shaped and has a support leg at the lower end for support on the upper end face of the fixture base plate 2.
[0018] like Figures 7-10 The machining methods for the vent holes and internal cavities on the hollow support plate semi-blade part 3 are as follows: Step 1: Complete the clamping and installation of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3, see... Figure 2 and Figure 3 ; Step 2: First, machine the upper plane of the hollow support plate half-blank part 3. After machining the upper plane of the hollow support plate half-blank part 3, rotate it to the hole machining angle (greater than 60° in this embodiment). The A-axis of the four-axis CNC milling machine drives the entire machining device to rotate, so that... Figure 2 The upper plane of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3 is rotated to the machining position, and then the venting hole is machined on the upper plane. The machining angle of rotation is determined by the venting hole. Figure 2 After rotating the upper plane of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3 by 60°, a slope is formed relative to its original state. When machining the vent hole, a small plane is first machined using a flat-bottomed CNC milling cutter to form the hole plane for subsequent drilling. See Figure 7 This ensures that the drill bit is perpendicular to the hole plane during subsequent drilling, guarantees the accuracy of the hole position, and avoids situations such as the drill bit breaking on the inclined plane or the hole position being misaligned. Step 3: First, drill a pilot hole perpendicular to the hole plane using a drill bit (this will serve as the pilot hole for subsequent reaming). Then, use a reamer to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the vent hole. See [link / reference needed]. Figure 8 ; Step 4: Then, use the A-axis rotation drive of the four-axis CNC milling machine to rotate the machining device until the upper plane of the hollow support plate half-blank part 3 is horizontal. Then, begin machining the internal cavity of the hollow support plate half-blank part 3 to obtain the curved surface profile (see...). Figure 9 , Figure 9 Corresponding to the upper plane of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3), the cavity is rough milled → semi-finish milled → finish milled, and supported by the designed positioning base plate 4 to ensure uniform wall thickness and controllable deformation; Step 5: Simultaneously, complete the rounding process on the already machined vent opening's inclined curved surface (here, the inclined curved surface is the curved surface corresponding to the internal cavity in Step 4). See the example for the rounding effect of the opening. Figure 10 .
[0019] The above processing method realizes the one-time clamping and processing of the internal cavity curved surface contour, vent hole and hole rounding of the hollow support plate semi-blank part 3, ensuring the position and dimensional accuracy of the hole rounding processing, thereby improving the strength of the vent hole during operation.
[0020] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although illustrative specific embodiments of the invention have been described above to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. Various modifications are readily apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of this invention are protected.
Claims
1. A device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate, characterized in that: It includes a fixture adapter plate (1), a fixture base plate (2), a positioning base plate (4), a positioning pin (5), a bottom support column (6), a side clamping block base (9), a side clamping block (10), a part clamping block (13), and a part tensioning block (14). The fixture adapter plate (1) is disc-shaped and is used to connect with a CNC milling machine. Multiple slots are provided along the circumferential direction of the fixture adapter plate (1) to penetrate the axial end face of the fixture adapter plate (1). The fixture base plate (2) is cubic in shape, and one end of the fixture base plate (2) in the length direction is detachable and vertically connected to one axial end face of the fixture adapter plate (1); The positioning base plate (4) is detachably installed on the end face of the clamp base plate (2) in the thickness direction. The upper end face of the positioning base plate (4) is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion. The height of the upper end face of the first positioning protrusion is greater than the height of the upper end face of the second positioning protrusion. The side plane of the first positioning protrusion forms a side positioning surface, and the upper end plane of the second positioning protrusion forms a lower positioning surface. The positioning pin (5) is inserted into the upper end face of the fixture base plate (2) and is located between the positioning base plate (4) and the axial end face of the fixture adapter plate (1); The bottom support column (6) is inserted into the upper end face of the fixture base plate (2). There are at least two bottom support columns (6), one of which is located between the positioning pin (5) and the positioning base plate (4), and the other is located on the outer side of the positioning base plate (4) away from the fixture adapter plate (1). The side clamping block base (9) is detachably installed on the upper end face of the fixture base plate (2) and located on the side opposite to the first positioning protrusion on the positioning base plate (4). A side clamping block (10) is installed on the side clamping block base (9), and the side clamping block (10) and the side clamping block base (9) are engaged by a bevel. The part clamping block (13) is installed on the fixture base plate (2) and located on the positioning base plate (4) on the side opposite to the first positioning protrusion, for applying clamping force from top to bottom; The part tensioning block (14) passes through the first positioning protrusion of the positioning base plate (4) and is connected to the clamp base plate (2) to apply a clamping force from top to bottom.
2. The device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture adapter plate (1) is connected to the A-axis of the four-axis CNC milling machine through the connector in the slot.
3. The device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the fixture base plate (2) away from the fixture adapter plate (1) is provided with a top hole for fitting with the top.
4. The device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning base plate (4) is installed on the upper end face of the base plate (2) in the thickness direction by positioning base plate screws (7).
5. The device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side clamping block base (9) is installed on the upper end face of the fixture base plate (2) by the side clamping block base screw (11). The side clamping block base (9) has a first inclined plane on its surface, and the side clamping block (10) has a second inclined plane and a lateral clamping surface connected to the second inclined plane on its surface. The side clamping block (10) presses the second inclined plane onto the first inclined plane by the side clamping block screw (12).
6. The device for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two part clamping blocks (13) located on both sides of the side clamping block (10). The lower end of the part clamping block (13) is equipped with a support leg. The part clamping block (13) is connected to the upper end face of the fixture base plate (2) by part clamping block screws (15). There are at least two part tensioning blocks (14). The part tensioning blocks (14) pass through the first positioning protrusion of the positioning base plate (4) and the clamp base plate (2) and are then tightened by the nut (8) located on the lower end face of the clamp base plate (2).
7. A method for processing the internal cavity and vent holes of a hollow support plate, characterized in that, The processing apparatus according to claim 1 is used, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the hollow support plate half blank part (3). The lower surface of the hollow support plate half blank part (3) is supported and positioned by the second positioning protrusion on the positioning base plate (4) and the bottom support column (6). One end of the hollow support plate half blank part (3) in the length direction is positioned by the positioning pin (5). The hollow support plate half blank part (3) in the width direction is clamped and pressed by the side clamping block (10) and the first positioning protrusion. The hollow support plate half blank part (3) in the thickness direction is pressed by the part clamping block (13) and the part tensioning block (14). Step 2: Machining the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank (3). After machining the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank (3), the upper plane of the hollow support plate half blank (3) is rotated to the hole machining angle by the CNC milling machine driven by the fixture adapter plate (1). On the inclined plane, a small plane is first machined with a flat bottom CNC milling cutter to form the hole plane, so as to ensure that the drill bit is perpendicular to the hole plane when drilling later. Step 3: First, use a drill bit perpendicular to the plane of the hole in Step 2 to drill the bottom hole of the vent hole, and then use a reamer to process it to obtain the size of the vent hole; Step 4: Rotate the fixture adapter plate (1) again until the upper plane is horizontal. Machin the internal cavity on the upper plane in sequence: rough milling, semi-finish milling, and finish milling. Step 5: Round the exhaust hole opening processed in Step 3.