A welding device for distribution box production

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding device for the production of distribution boxes, relating to the field of distribution box manufacturing technology. It includes a lower box body, a cover mounted on the top of the lower box body, and a dual-axis laser welding assembly mounted on the top of the cover. The lower box body has a lifting assembly inside to support one of the lower corners of the distribution box blank. A right-angle positioning fixture is located at the rear of the top of the lower box body to lock one of the upper corners of the distribution box blank. Dual-axis seam alignment assemblies are located on both sides of the upper right-angle positioning fixture near the opening of the cover. This invention integrates weld seam positioning, corner end face alignment, efficient welding, and immediate post-weld finishing into a continuous workflow, effectively overcoming common problems in traditional welding devices such as weld seam misalignment, box body deformation, and process interruption. It improves the structural reliability and appearance consistency of the distribution box product and reduces the processing time from sheet metal blank to finished product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distribution box manufacturing technology, and in particular to a welding device for distribution box manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] The distribution box welding device is a piece of equipment specifically designed for automated corner welding of sheet metal boxes after bending. It uses the precision and stability of machinery to replace traditional manual welding, thereby ensuring a robust, sealed, and aesthetically pleasing box structure in mass production. The structure of this type of device mainly includes a welding platform, fixtures, welding equipment, control system, and safety protection devices. In specific operation, the box blank needs to be accurately placed into the fixture and clamped. After confirming that there are no errors, the device is started and automatically executes the entire welding sequence. The operator monitors the stability of the electric arc and the weld formation through the observation window and judges whether there are any abnormalities in time. After the welding is completed, the device automatically delays the protection, and the operator unloads the workpiece and performs necessary slag cleaning or transfers it to the next process. For example, the welding equipment for distribution boxes and sheet metal flat products disclosed in application publication number CN117644282A includes a chassis and a control box. The control box is located at the center of the front face of the chassis, near one side. A first conveyor belt mechanism is located at the center of the front face of the chassis, and a second conveyor belt mechanism is located at the center of the rear face of the chassis. A bracket is provided on the upper face of the chassis, and first rodless cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of the upper face of the bracket. Each of the two first rodless cylinders has a third slider inside. By controlling the rotation of multiple second micro motors, the plate metal products are flipped. The device is then clamped by a rear clamping structure, facilitating multi-angle flipping of the plate metal products. The first and second rodless cylinders then move the laser welding head for welding, thus achieving the welding of the plate metal products. The welding process, which involves no blind spots, reveals that the aforementioned technical solution primarily applies clamping force to each panel from the outside of the enclosure, forcing the bent edges to contact each other. However, sheet metal parts inevitably have dimensional tolerances and springback after bending. This results in the joints often being line contacts rather than ideal end-face alignment, making it impossible to correct the misalignment of adjacent panels on the joint section. This can easily lead to deformation of the enclosure after welding. Furthermore, the finished corner welds often have problems such as uneven weld bead height, surface spatter, and potential arc craters or unevenness at the start and end of the arc. In this case, the device only completes the welding connection function and does not integrate the finishing function. The workpiece must be transferred to another independent station for manual or other equipment processing, which further increases the time for workpiece handling, secondary clamping and positioning, and processing, significantly extending the welding cycle of the distribution box. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding device for the production of distribution boxes. One corner of the lower end of the bent blank of the distribution box is supported by a lifting assembly, while another corner of the box blank is limited by an upper right-angle positioning fixture to force the bent edges to contact each other. Then, a dual-axis seam alignment assembly causes the end faces of the bent edges to overlap, ensuring seam alignment. The welding operation of the upper corner seam is completed by a dual-axis laser welding assembly. After the weld cools, the dual-axis laser welding assembly resets, and the left and right side seam pressing and grinding assemblies both move and maintain pressure contact with the weld. The dual-position linear feed assembly advances the seam pressing and grinding assemblies on both sides along the extension direction of the weld until the finishing operation of the entire weld is completed, thereby solving the problems of the device mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding device for producing distribution boxes, comprising a lower housing, a cover installed at the top of the lower housing, and a dual-axis laser welding assembly disposed at the top of the cover. The lower housing contains a lifting assembly for supporting one corner of the lower end of a distribution box blank. An upper right-angle positioning fixture for locking one corner of the upper end of the distribution box blank is located at the rear of the top of the lower housing. Dual-axis flush-seam assemblies are provided on both sides of the upper right-angle positioning fixture near the opening of the cover. The dual-axis flush-seam assemblies are used to weld the distribution box blank. A Y-axis load is applied to the edge of the blank to align the corners. Two slit-grinding components are staggered in the Y-axis direction above the upper right-angle positioning fixture. A dual-position linear feed component is located on the upper left of the upper right-angle positioning fixture to drive the two slit-grinding components to move together along the Y-axis. A PLC control panel is installed on one outer wall of the housing. The output of the PLC control panel is electrically connected to the input of the lifting component, the dual-axis laser welding component, the dual-axis slit-aligning component, the slit-grinding component, and the dual-position linear feed component.

[0005] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a steel frame, a first Z-axis cylinder, a top plate, and protruding plates. The steel frame is fixed to the top of the lower housing. The first Z-axis cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the steel frame. The top plate is detachably installed on the upper end of the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder. Four protruding plates are provided and integrally formed on the upper surface of the top plate along the Y-axis direction. An inclined surface is provided between the opposite outer walls of two adjacent protruding plates. The included angle between two adjacent inclined surfaces is ninety degrees. A lower back plate is integrally formed at the end of the four protruding plates away from the opening of the housing.

[0006] Preferably, each of the bottom corners of the top plate is equipped with a vertically downward extending guide rod, which slides in conjunction with the steel structure frame. The lower surface of the top plate is provided with a circular upper groove that is concentric with the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the upper right-angle positioning fixture is vertically fixed to a square-shaped column at the rear of the top of the lower box body, and a left and right abutment plates are fixed to the left and right sides of the square-shaped column through oblique square tubes, as well as a V-shaped back plate integrally formed between the left and right abutment plates. The V-shaped back plate is located directly above the lower back plate, and the length direction of the left and right abutment plates is parallel to the length direction of the convex plate, and the included angle between the left and right abutment plates is ninety degrees.

[0008] Preferably, the upper edges of the left and right abutments are provided with recesses, which are used to provide Y-axis movement space for the slit-type grinding assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the two dual-axis flush-seam assemblies are respectively located at the ends of the left and right abutments. One of the dual-axis flush-seam assemblies includes a support platform bolted to the outer wall of the inclined surface at the end of the left abutment, a slide plate slidably mounted on the outer wall of the support platform away from the opening of the box via a guide rail, and several suspension seats bolted to the outer wall of one side of the slide plate. A pneumatic slide table one for driving the slide plate is installed on the outer wall of the support platform, and a pneumatic slide table two is installed on the lower surface of the suspension seats. An L-shaped clamp is installed at the drive end of the pneumatic slide table two.

[0010] Preferably, the dual-position linear feed assembly includes a servo motor, a belt linear module, two inclined seats arranged in a mirror image symmetrically, and an inverted V-shaped connecting arm. The belt linear module is installed on one side of the outer wall of the left abutment along the Y-axis. The servo motor is installed on the side of the left abutment near the square column and is used to drive the belt linear module. The two inclined seats are slidably installed on the outer walls of the left and right abutments along the Y-axis, respectively. The inverted V-shaped connecting arm is used to connect the two inclined seats and avoids the upper corner of the distribution box blank. A slotted photoelectric sensor II and a slotted photoelectric sensor I are also installed on one side of the outer wall of the left abutment. The slotted photoelectric sensor II and the rocker arm are used to determine the initial and end positions of the inclined seats, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the slit-type grinding assembly includes an L-shaped base mounted on the top of the inclined seat, a pneumatic slide three mounted on the outer wall of the L-shaped base near the vertical center reference plane of the V-shaped back plate, and a straight plate fixed to the upper end of the drive end of the pneumatic slide three. Two bearing seats are mounted on the outer wall of the drive end of the pneumatic slide three, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted between the two bearing seats. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a rocker arm. A pen-shaped cylinder is hinged to the bottom end of the straight plate. The piston rod end of the pen-shaped cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the rocker arm through a fisheye connector. A double wheel frame is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft, and a sanding belt grinding structure is mounted on the double wheel frame.

[0012] Preferably, the belt abrasive structure includes a drive wheel rotatably mounted on the upper end of the double wheel frame and a driven wheel rotatably mounted on the lower end of the double wheel frame. A sanding belt body is fitted between the drive wheel and the driven wheel. A gap is provided between the sanding belt body and the outer wall of the double wheel frame. A motor for driving the drive wheel to rotate is installed on one side of the outer wall of the double wheel frame.

[0013] Preferably, the dual-axis laser welding assembly includes four L-shaped steel seats fixed to the top of the housing, a platform fixed to the lower ends of the four L-shaped steel seats, a sliding lower platform slidably mounted at the bottom end of the platform along the Y-axis, and a servo screw linear module disposed on the lower surface of the platform to drive the sliding lower platform to move. Inverted T-shaped seats are installed at the left and right positions of the top of the sliding lower platform. An inner U-shaped arm is slidably mounted vertically between the opposite outer walls of the two inverted T-shaped seats. A support plate is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the inner U-shaped arm, and a laser welding gun and a CCD vision camera are respectively mounted on the front and rear outer walls of the support plate. A second Z-axis cylinder is installed at the top of one of the inverted T-shaped seats. The lower end of the piston rod of the second Z-axis cylinder is fixed to the top of the inner U-shaped arm. The second Z-axis cylinder and the servo screw linear module form a dual-axis moving assembly. The platform has two rectangular slots inside, and the inverted T-shaped seats are located in the rectangular slots. The sliding lower platform has a hollowed-out part for the inner U-shaped arm and the laser welding gun to move up and down.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The welding device for the production of distribution boxes is configured with a structure that includes a lower box body, a lifting assembly, an upper right-angle positioning fixture, a dual-axis flush-joint assembly, a dual-axis laser welding assembly, a seam-pressing grinding assembly, and a dual-position linear feed assembly, etc., which cooperate with each other. One corner of the lower end of the distribution box bending blank is supported by the lifting assembly, while one corner of the box blank is limited by the upper right-angle positioning fixture, so as to force each bending edge to contact each other. Then, the dual-axis flush-joint assembly makes the end faces of each bending edge coincide, ensuring the seam alignment, and the dual-axis laser welding assembly completes the welding of the upper corner seam. After the weld cools, the dual-axis laser welding assembly resets, and the left and right pressure grinding assemblies move and maintain pressure contact with the weld. The dual-position linear feed assembly propels the pressure grinding assemblies on both sides to move along the extension direction of the weld until the finishing work of the entire weld is completed. This integrates the positioning of the weld, the alignment of the corners and ends, efficient welding and immediate finishing after welding into a continuous work process, effectively overcoming the common problems of weld misalignment, box deformation and process interruption in traditional welding equipment. It improves the structural reliability and appearance consistency of the distribution box product and reduces the processing time of the distribution box from sheet metal blank to finished product. The lifting assembly and the upper right-angle positioning fixture work together to limit the movement of the sheet metal. Combined with the active action of the dual-axis flush seam assembly, the problem of misalignment at the corners of the sheet metal bending is completely solved mechanically. This lays the structural foundation for forming a high-quality weld that is fully penetrated at the root and has no gaps. At this time, the welding operation is carried out in conjunction with the dual-axis laser welding assembly, which effectively reduces the risk of stress concentration or incomplete penetration caused by misalignment. It also controls the deformation problems such as twisting and warping of the entire or local box, ensuring the accuracy of the electrical box dimensions and the squareness of the structure. Secondly, after the weld cools, the pressure-type grinding component, which is misaligned on both sides, moves precisely along the weld under pressure contact, instantly removing any uneven weld reinforcement, surface oxidation, or micro-splashes that may have occurred during the welding process. This allows for a smooth transition between the weld and the base material, improving not only the product's appearance quality and the adhesion of subsequent coatings, but also, through immediate finishing, lightweighting and stress homogenization of the weld surface, further stabilizing the performance of the welded structure. Finally, in traditional processes, the distribution box enclosure needs to undergo multiple independent clamping, welding, cooling, transportation, and grinding stages. Each stage is accompanied by a large amount of auxiliary time, waiting time, and potential errors in repositioning. This solution starts from the moment the blank is lifted and positioned until the weld seam is ground. The same weld seam of the enclosure does not need to be moved or the fixtures changed. All operations are performed sequentially by each dedicated component according to the program, eliminating the time consumed by multiple clamping operations and reducing the stagnation and handling between processes. As a result, the processing time of a single enclosure is predictable and significantly shortened, and the production cycle is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of point AA; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention with the cover removed. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper right-angle positioning fixture of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper right-angle positioning fixture of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the biaxial flush-seam assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper right-angle positioning fixture and the dual-position linear feed assembly of the present invention in their separated states; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-position linear feed assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-position linear feed assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure-type grinding component of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention with the cover removed. Figure 2 ; Figure 17 For the present invention Figure 16 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing and dual-axis moving assembly of the present invention in their combined state. Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-axis moving component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-axis moving component of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Lower housing; 2. Housing cover; 3. Lifting assembly; 31. Steel frame; 32. First Z-axis cylinder; 33. Top plate; 34. Convex plate; 35. Sloping part; 36. Lower back plate; 4. Dual-axis moving assembly; 41. L-shaped steel seat; 42. Platform; 421. Rectangular slot; 43. Lower slide table; 431. Hollowed-out part; 44. Servo screw linear module; 45. Inverted T-shaped seat; 46. Inner U-shaped arm; 47. Second Z-axis cylinder; 5. Support plate; 6. Laser welding gun; 7. CCD vision camera; 8. Upper right-angle positioning fixture; 81. Square column; 82. Left abutment plate; 83. Right abutment plate; 84. V-shaped back plate; 85. Groove; 9. Dual-axis flush-seam assembly; 91. Support platform; 92. Slide plate; 93. 94. Pneumatic slide table 1; 95. Suspension seat; 96. Pneumatic slide table 2; 10. L-shaped clamp; 11. Seam-pressing grinding assembly; 1001. L-shaped base; 1002. Pneumatic slide table 3; 1003. Straight plate; 1004. Pen-shaped cylinder; 1005. Rocker arm; 1006. Shaft seat; 1007. Rotating shaft; 1008. Double wheel frame; 1009. Drive wheel; 10010. Driven wheel; 10011. Sanding belt body; 10012. Motor; 11. Dual-position linear feed assembly; 1101. Servo motor; 1102. Belt linear module; 1103. Angled edge seat; 1104. Inverted V-shaped connecting arm; 1105. Slotted photoelectric sensor 1; 1106. Slotted photoelectric sensor 2; 12. PLC control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0019] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 7The present invention includes a lower housing 1, a housing cover 2 installed at the top of the lower housing 1, and a dual-axis laser welding assembly disposed at the top of the housing cover 2. The lower housing 1 has a lifting assembly 3 inside for supporting one of the lower corners of the distribution box housing blank. A right-angle positioning fixture 8 is provided at the rear of the top of the lower housing 1 for locking one of the upper corners of the distribution box housing blank. Dual-axis flush-seam assemblies 9 are provided on both sides of the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8 near the opening of the housing cover 2. The dual-axis flush-seam assemblies 9 apply a Y-axis load to the edge of the distribution box housing blank to ensure that the edge... With the corner ends aligned, two overlapping and grinding components 10 are arranged above the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8. The upper right-angle positioning fixture 8 is equipped with a double-position linear feed component 11 that moves the two overlapping and grinding components 10 together along the Y-axis. A PLC control panel 12 is installed on one outer wall of the housing 2. The output end of the PLC control panel 12 is electrically connected to the input end of the lifting component 3, the dual-axis laser welding component, the dual-axis seam alignment component 9, the overlapping and grinding component 10, and the double-position linear feed component 11.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The lifting assembly 3 includes a steel frame 31, a first Z-axis cylinder 32, a top plate 33, and protruding plates 34. The steel frame 31 is fixed to the top of the lower housing 1. The first Z-axis cylinder 32 is vertically installed on the top of the steel frame 31. The top plate 33 is detachably installed on the upper end of the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder 32. Four protruding plates 34 are provided and integrally formed on the upper surface of the top plate 33 along the Y-axis direction. An inclined surface 35 is provided between the opposite outer walls of two adjacent protruding plates 34. The included angle between two adjacent inclined surfaces 35 is 90 degrees. A lower back plate 36 is integrally formed at the end of the four protruding plates 34 away from the opening of the housing 2. When clamping the housing blank, one lower corner of the housing blank is placed between two adjacent protruding plates 34. Since the opposite surfaces of two adjacent protruding plates 34 are both inclined surfaces 35, the inclined surfaces 35 are used to make the bent edges of the corner of the housing come closer to each other and contact each other. The first Z-axis cylinder 32 drives the top plate 33 and the supported box blank to move upward until the upper end of the box enters the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8. The height is adjusted to accommodate boxes of different sizes. Before entering the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8, the spatial position of a corner of the box is determined from below to establish a reference for subsequent precise clamping. Vertically downward-extending guide rods are installed at the corners of the bottom of the top plate 33. The guide rods slide in conjunction with the steel structure frame 31. The lower surface of the top plate 33 is provided with a circular upper groove that is concentric with the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder 32. Two protruding plates 34 are also provided on the other side of the top of the top plate 33. The two protruding plates 34 here facilitate the corner support and positioning of the box blank. After the top plate 33 is detachably connected to the first Z-axis cylinder 32, the workers can process the protruding plates 34 and the inclined surface 35 on the top of the top plate 33 according to the actual specifications of the box blank to meet the needs of box blanks of different sizes. The upper right-angle positioning fixture 8 is vertically fixed to the square column 81 at the rear of the top of the lower box 1. The left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83 are fixed to the left and right sides of the square column 81 through the oblique square tube. The V-shaped back plate 84 is integrally formed between the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83. The V-shaped back plate 84 is located directly above the lower back plate 36. The V-shaped back plate 84 and the lower back plate 36 are used together to support the back of the box blank. The length direction of the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83 is parallel to the length direction of the convex plate 34, and the included angle between the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83 is 90 degrees. The upper edge of the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83 is provided with a groove 85. The groove 85 is used to provide Y-direction movement space for the pressure-type grinding assembly 10. The left and right abutment plates 82 and 83 on the outer walls of the square column 81 are inclined to each other, and the extended planes of the left and right abutment plates 82 and 83 intersect at ninety degrees. Thus, the left and right abutment plates 82 and 83, whose inner corner shapes are completely matched with the corners of the box, are embedded into one of the upper corners of the box under the pressure of the lifting assembly 3. The working mechanism is: to contact and press the two adjacent sheet metal bending surfaces from both sides at the same time, and to use their own geometric precision to force the corners formed by the two surfaces to align with the right angle reference of the left and right abutment plates 82 and 83, thereby forcing all the bending edges associated with them to contact each other tightly and eliminating the opening phenomenon of the box caused by elasticity or tolerance. Two dual-axis flush-seam assemblies 9 are respectively located at the ends of the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83. One of the dual-axis flush-seam assemblies 9 includes a support platform 91 bolted to the outer wall of the inclined surface at the end of the left abutment plate 82, a slide plate 92 slidably mounted on the outer wall of the support platform 91 away from the opening of the housing 2 via a guide rail, and several suspension seats 94 bolted to the outer wall of one side of the slide plate 92. A pneumatic slide table 93 for moving the slide plate 92 is installed on the outer wall of the support platform 91. A pneumatic slide table 95 is installed on the lower surface of the suspension seats 94. The drive end is equipped with an L-shaped clamp 96. When the distribution box blank is stably restricted by the lifting assembly 3 and the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8, the pneumatic slide table 1 93 drives the slide plate 92, the suspension seat 94, the pneumatic slide table 2 95 and the L-shaped clamp 96 to move down until the L-shaped clamp 96 is directly facing the edge of the plate. Then the pneumatic slide table 2 95 drives the L-shaped clamp 96 to move closer to the edge of the distribution box plate. At this time, the double-axis flush joint assembly 9 on both sides pushes synchronously to adjust the end faces of the two plates to the same plane, solving the problem of uneven end faces of the bent edge that cannot be overcome by clamping alone. After the welding and seam repair of the upper corners of the distribution box blank are completed, the pneumatic slide table 93 drives the various parts on the load to reset, so that the L-shaped clamp 96 avoids the distribution box blank, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of the distribution box blank between the lifting assembly 3 and the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8.

[0021] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 and Figure 17The dual-position linear feed assembly 11 includes a servo motor 1101, a belt linear module 1102, two symmetrically arranged inclined seats 1103, and an inverted V-shaped connecting arm 1104. The belt linear module 1102 is mounted on one outer wall of the left abutment plate 82 along the Y-axis. The servo motor 1101 is mounted on the outer wall of the left abutment plate 82 near the square column 81 and drives the belt linear module 1102. The two inclined seats 1103 are slidably mounted on the outer walls of the left abutment plate 82 and the right abutment plate 83 along the Y-axis, respectively. The inverted V-shaped connecting arm 1104 connects the two inclined seats 1103 and avoids the upper corner of the distribution box blank. A groove is also installed on one outer wall of the left abutment plate 82. Photoelectric sensor 2 1106 and slotted photoelectric sensor 1 1105 are used to determine the initial and end positions of the inclined edge seat 1103, respectively. The servo motor 1101 operates according to the instructions of the PLC control panel 12. The servo motor 1101 drives the inclined edge seat 1103 to move along the length direction of the left abutment plate 82 through the belt linear module 1102. During this process, the inverted V-shaped connecting arm 1104 connects to the inclined edge seat 1103 on the other side. As a result, the two pressing and grinding components 10 on the left and right sides move together with the inclined edge seat 1103. During the movement, the initial and end positions of the inclined edge seat 1103 on the left abutment plate 82 are detected by the slotted photoelectric sensor 2 1106 and the slotted photoelectric sensor 1 1105. The dual-position linear feed assembly 11 enables the two seam grinding assemblies 10 to move precisely, ensuring that every part of the weld seam is treated evenly. The seam grinding assemblies 10 on the left and right sides are in a staggered state, so the two seam grinding assemblies 10 do not affect each other when they move. The slit-type grinding assembly 10 includes an L-shaped base 1001 mounted on the top of the inclined seat 1103, a pneumatic slide table 1002 mounted on the outer wall of the L-shaped base 1001 near the vertical center reference plane of the V-shaped back plate 84, and a straight plate 1003 fixed to the upper end of the drive end of the pneumatic slide table 1002. Two bearing seats 1006 are mounted on the outer wall of the drive end of the pneumatic slide table 1002, and a rotating shaft 1007 is rotatably mounted between the two bearing seats 1006. One end of the rotating shaft 1007 is fixedly connected to a rocker arm 1005. A pen-shaped cylinder 1004 is hinged to the bottom end of the straight plate 1003. The piston rod end of the pen-shaped cylinder 1004 is hinged to the upper end of the rocker arm 1005 through a fisheye joint. A double wheel frame 1008 is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft 1007, and a sanding belt is mounted on the double wheel frame 1008. In the weld grinding and finishing stage, the operator activates the pen-shaped cylinder 1004 via the PLC control panel 12. The piston rod of the pen-shaped cylinder 1004 extends and forces the rocker arm 1005 to deflect through the fisheye connector. The rocker arm 1005 then drives the rotating shaft 1007 to rotate. During this process, the double wheel frame 1008 rotates along with the rotating shaft 1007 until the belt grinding structure contacts the weld. Then, the pneumatic slide 1002 drives the straight plate 1003, pen-shaped cylinder 1004, bearing seat 1006, rotating shaft 1007, double wheel frame 1008, and belt grinding structure to move down as a whole, so that the belt grinding structure comes into pressure contact with the weld. Through constant pressure, the belt grinding structure can ensure the smoothness and consistency of the weld and reduce appearance problems caused by welding defects. The two-sided seam grinding components 10 are driven by the dual-position linear feed components 11 and move at a constant speed along the entire weld seam. They can uniformly remove weld seam excess, oxide scale and spatter to obtain a flat and smooth surface. The belt abrasive grinding structure includes a drive wheel 1009 rotatably mounted on the upper end of a double wheel frame 1008 and a driven wheel 10010 rotatably mounted on the lower end of the double wheel frame 1008. A sanding belt body 10011 is fitted between the drive wheel 1009 and the driven wheel 10010. A gap is provided between the sanding belt body 10011 and the outer wall of the double wheel frame 1008. A motor 10012 for driving the drive wheel 1009 to rotate is installed on one side of the outer wall of the double wheel frame 1008. The motor 10012 drives the drive wheel 1009 at the upper end of the double wheel frame 1008 to rotate, thereby enabling the sanding belt body 10011 between the driven wheel 10010 and the drive wheel 1009 to operate. The sanding belt body 10011 is used to grind the weld seam.

[0022] Example 4, based on Example 3, by Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20The dual-axis laser welding assembly includes four L-shaped steel seats 41 fixed to the top of the housing 2, a platform 42 fixed to the lower end of the four L-shaped steel seats 41, a sliding lower stage 43 slidably mounted on the bottom end of the platform 42 along the Y-axis, and a servo screw linear module 44 set on the lower surface of the platform 42 to drive the sliding lower stage 43 to move. Inverted T-shaped seats 45 are installed at the left and right positions of the top of the sliding lower stage 43. An inner U-shaped arm 46 is slidably mounted between the opposite outer walls of the two inverted T-shaped seats 45 along the vertical direction. A support plate 5 is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the inner U-shaped arm 46, and a laser welding gun 6 and a CCD vision camera 7 are respectively installed on the front and rear outer walls of the support plate 5. A second Z-axis cylinder 47 is installed at the top of one of the inverted T-shaped seats 45, and the lower end of the piston rod of the second Z-axis cylinder 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner U-shaped arm 46. The second Z-axis cylinder 47 and the servo screw linear module 44 form a dual-axis moving assembly 4. The platform 42 has two rectangular slots 421 inside. The inverted T-shaped seat 45 is located in the rectangular slot 421. The sliding table 43 has a hollow part 431 inside for the inner U-shaped arm 46 and the laser welding gun 6 to lift and lower. The rectangular slot 421 provides Y-axis movable space for the inverted T-shaped seat 45, while the hollow part 431 provides Z-axis movable space for the inner U-shaped arm 46 and the laser welding gun 6. During the welding stage, the second Z-axis cylinder 47 drives the inner U-shaped arm 46, support plate 5, laser welding gun 6, and CCD vision camera 7 to adjust their heights to adjust the distance between the laser welding gun 6 and the corner to be welded. Meanwhile, the servo screw linear module 44 drives the sliding table 43, inverted T-shaped seat 45, laser welding gun 6, etc. to move along the Y-axis. During the laser welding process, the laser beam can quickly melt the metal, so that the weld seam forms a strong connection until the welding operation of the entire corner is completed. During this process, the CCD vision camera 7 is used to monitor the quality of the weld seam in real time.

[0023] Working Principle: First, on the PLC control panel 12, the operator calls or fine-tunes the preset process program according to the material and specifications of the current batch of box blanks. This includes the correction stroke of the dual-axis flush seam assembly 9, the laser welding power and welding speed parameters of the dual-axis laser welding assembly, and the feed pressure of the seam-pressing grinding assembly 10 and the travel speed of the dual-position linear feed assembly 11. Afterwards, the device performs a self-check, and each assembly resets to its original position, preparing for receiving the workpiece. The operator places one designated corner of the lower end of the bent box blank on the lifting assembly 3 for initial support and height reference positioning. Then, the lifting assembly 3 drives the box blank upwards, and the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8... One corner of the upper part of the box blank is positioned to force all the bent edges that may open due to bending elasticity to come together, initially achieving corner contact. The operator then activates the dual-axis seam alignment components 9 on both sides via the PLC control panel 12. These components approach and contact the end faces of the two plates to be welded, pushing and adjusting to correct any misalignment of the bent edges caused by bending tolerances. At this point, the corner of the box blank to be welded is not only tightly pressed together, but the joint section is also highly aligned. After the box blank is calibrated and locked, the dual-axis laser welding assembly on the box cover 2 moves to the welding start point according to the program instructions of the PLC control panel 12. The dual-axis laser welding assembly then proceeds along the trajectory of the upper corner joint. The laser beam, generated by the laser, is focused on the center of the joint under the protection of a protective gas. The high energy density causes the metal to melt instantly, forming a continuous weld with excellent depth-to-width ratio and a minimal heat-affected zone. During welding, the precise alignment of the weld seam ensures zero-gap connection, allowing for efficient use of laser energy and achieving complete penetration. Simultaneously, minimal heat input minimizes welding stress and overall deformation of the enclosure. After the welding path is completed, the dual-axis laser welding assembly automatically shuts down and resets, and the device enters a brief, program-controlled cooling delay to allow the weld area to achieve initial solidification and shaping. After the weld cooling step, the pressure-type grinding components 10, positioned on both sides in a staggered state, simultaneously and synchronously contact the weld surface that has just been welded with a preset pressure. Two seam-pressing grinding components 10 are positioned on either side of the weld seam, one on the left and one on the right. The dual-position linear feed component 11 smoothly advances the two seam-pressing grinding components 10, causing them to move synchronously along the entire extension direction of the weld seam. Under the combined action of pressure contact and linear feed, the seam-pressing grinding components 10 uniformly remove the excess height of the weld seam, the oxide layer on the surface, and tiny spatters, making the weld seam flat and smooth, and forming a smooth transition with the base material. After the seam-pressing grinding components 10 have completed their entire stroke and reset, the PLC control panel 12 is operated to release the locking of the dual-axis flush seam component 9 and lower the lifting component 3. The box blank is then adjusted so that the other bending edge of the box blank to be welded is positioned in the upper right-angle positioning fixture 8, and a new round of cyclic operation begins.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding apparatus for manufacturing distribution boxes, comprising a lower box body (1), a box cover (2) mounted on the top of the lower box body (1), and a biaxial laser welding assembly disposed on the top of the box cover (2), characterized in that, The lower housing (1) is equipped with a lifting assembly (3) for supporting one of the lower corners of the distribution box blank. The lower housing (1) is equipped with an upper right-angle positioning fixture (8) for locking one of the upper corners of the distribution box blank at the rear of the top. The upper right-angle positioning fixture (8) is equipped with double-axis flush-seam assemblies (9) on both sides near the opening of the box cover (2). The double-axis flush-seam assemblies (9) apply a Y-axis load to the edge of the plate of the distribution box blank so that the corner end faces are aligned. Two Y-axis flush-seam assemblies are provided above the upper right-angle positioning fixture (8). The pressure-grinding assembly (10) is staggered in the front and back direction, and the upper right-angle positioning fixture (8) is provided with a double-position linear feed assembly (11) for driving the two pressure-grinding assemblies (10) to move together along the Y-axis. A PLC control panel (12) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the box cover (2). The output end of the PLC control panel (12) is electrically connected to the input end of the lifting assembly (3), the dual-axis laser welding assembly, the dual-axis flush seam assembly (9), the pressure-grinding assembly (10), and the double-position linear feed assembly (11).

2. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (3) includes a steel frame (31), a first Z-axis cylinder (32), a top plate (33), and a convex plate (34). The steel frame (31) is fixed to the top of the lower housing (1). The first Z-axis cylinder (32) is vertically installed on the top of the steel frame (31). The top plate (33) is detachably installed on the upper end of the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder (32). Four convex plates (34) are provided and integrally formed on the upper surface of the top plate (33) along the Y-axis direction. An inclined surface (35) is provided between the opposite outer walls of two adjacent convex plates (34). The included angle between two adjacent inclined surfaces (35) is ninety degrees. A lower back plate (36) is integrally formed at the end of the four convex plates (34) away from the opening of the housing (2).

3. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top plate (33) has vertically downward extending guide rods installed at the corners of its bottom edge. The guide rods and the steel structure frame (31) are slidably engaged. The lower surface of the top plate (33) is provided with a circular upper groove that is concentric with the piston rod of the first Z-axis cylinder (32).

4. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper right-angle positioning fixture (8) is vertically fixed to the square-mouth column (81) at the rear of the top of the lower box (1). The left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83) are fixed to the left and right sides of the square-mouth column (81) through the oblique square-mouth tube. The V-shaped back plate (84) is integrally formed between the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83). The V-shaped back plate (84) is located directly above the lower back plate (36). The length direction of the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83) is parallel to the length direction of the convex plate (34), and the included angle between the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83) is ninety degrees.

5. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper edges of the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83) are provided with a recess (85), which is used to provide Y-direction movement space for the slit-type grinding assembly (10).

6. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two dual-axis flush-seam assemblies (9) are respectively located at the ends of the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83). One of the dual-axis flush-seam assemblies (9) includes a support platform (91) bolted to the outer wall of the inclined surface at the end of the left abutment plate (82), a slide plate (92) slidably mounted on the outer wall of the support platform (91) away from the opening of the box cover (2) via a guide rail, and several suspension seats (94) bolted to the outer wall of the slide plate (92). A pneumatic slide table one (93) for moving the slide plate (92) is installed on the outer wall of the support platform (91). A pneumatic slide table two (95) is installed on the lower surface of the suspension seat (94), and an L-shaped clamp (96) is installed at the driving end of the pneumatic slide table two (95).

7. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dual-position linear feed assembly (11) includes a servo motor (1101), a belt linear module (1102), two symmetrically arranged inclined plates (1103), and an inverted V-shaped connecting arm (1104). The belt linear module (1102) is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the left abutment plate (82) along the Y-axis. The servo motor (1101) is mounted on the outer wall of the left abutment plate (82) near the square column (81), and the servo motor (1101) is used to drive the belt linear module (1102) to work. The two inclined plates... The seat (1103) is slidably installed on the outer wall of the left abutment plate (82) and the right abutment plate (83) along the Y-axis. The inverted V-shaped connecting arm (1104) is used to connect the two inclined seats (1103) and avoid the upper corner of the distribution box blank. The second slotted photoelectric sensor (1106) and the first slotted photoelectric sensor (1105) are also installed on one side of the outer wall of the left abutment plate (82). The second slotted photoelectric sensor (1106) and the rocker arm (1005) are used to determine the initial position and the end position of the inclined seat (1103) respectively.

8. The welding device for producing distribution boxes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The press-type grinding assembly (10) includes an L-shaped base (1001) installed on the top of the inclined seat (1103), a pneumatic slide three (1002) installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped base (1001) near the vertical center reference plane of the V-shaped back plate (84), and a straight plate (1003) fixed to the upper end of the drive end of the pneumatic slide three (1002). Two bearings (1006) are installed on the outer wall of the drive end of the pneumatic slide three (1002). A rotating shaft (1007) is rotatably mounted between 1006 and 1007. One end of the rotating shaft (1007) is fixedly connected to a rocker arm (1005). A pen-shaped cylinder (1004) is hinged to the bottom end of the straight plate (1003). The piston rod end of the pen-shaped cylinder (1004) is hinged to the upper end of the rocker arm (1005) through a fish-eye joint. A double wheel frame (1008) is fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft (1007), and a sanding belt grinding structure is installed on the double wheel frame (1008).

9. A welding device for manufacturing distribution boxes according to claim 8, characterized in that, The belt abrasive structure includes a drive wheel (1009) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the double wheel frame (1008) and a driven wheel (10010) rotatably mounted on the lower end of the double wheel frame (1008). A sanding belt body (10011) is fitted between the drive wheel (1009) and the driven wheel (10010). A gap is provided between the sanding belt body (10011) and the outer wall of the double wheel frame (1008). A motor (10012) for driving the drive wheel (1009) to rotate is installed on one side of the outer wall of the double wheel frame (1008).

10. The welding apparatus for producing distribution boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-axis laser welding assembly includes four L-shaped steel seats (41) fixed to the top of the housing (2), a platform (42) fixed to the lower end of the four L-shaped steel seats (41), a sliding lower stage (43) slidably installed at the bottom end of the platform (42) along the Y-axis direction, and a servo screw linear module (44) set on the lower surface of the platform (42) to drive the sliding lower stage (43) to move. Inverted T-shaped seats (45) are installed at the left and right positions of the top of the sliding lower stage (43). An inner U-shaped arm (46) is slidably installed between the opposite outer walls of the two inverted T-shaped seats (45) along the vertical direction. A support plate (5) is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the inner U-shaped arm (46), and the support plate (5) A laser welding gun (6) and a CCD vision camera (7) are respectively installed on the front and rear outer walls. A second Z-axis cylinder (47) is installed at the top of one of the inverted T-shaped seats (45). The lower end of the piston rod of the second Z-axis cylinder (47) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner U-shaped arm (46). The second Z-axis cylinder (47) and the servo screw linear module (44) form a dual-axis moving assembly (4). The platform (42) has two rectangular slots (421) inside. The inverted T-shaped seat (45) is located in the rectangular slot (421). The sliding table (43) has a hollow part (431) inside for the inner U-shaped arm (46) and the laser welding gun (6) to lift.

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