Gear and rack linkage door single opening double door

Abstract

This application relates to a rack and pinion linkage door with single-opening double-door design, belonging to the field of CNC machine tool technology. It includes a fixed backplate fixed to a machine tool frame, with a first rack fixedly mounted on the backplate. It also includes a first door body and a second door body. A second rack is fixedly mounted on one end of the first door body near the fixed backplate. A linkage gear meshes between the first and second racks and is connected to the second door body. The fixed backplate is slidably connected to the first and second door bodies. A first protective cover is hinged to the first door body, and a second protective cover is hinged to the second door body. The first and second protective covers are slidably connected, and an adjustment assembly is provided between them. This application effectively improves the rigidity of the door body connection, ensuring efficient single-opening double-door operation while protecting the linkage structure between the door bodies and enhancing overall operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a single-opening double-door gear rack linkage door. Background Technology

[0002] As a protective mechanism for CNC machine tools, the movable door on the machine tool is mainly used to enclose the cutting area, prevent the splashing of iron filings and coolant during the cutting process, isolate high-speed rotating parts to ensure the safety of operators, and take into account the convenience of opening and closing for equipment maintenance and workpiece loading and unloading.

[0003] Traditional sliding doors mostly adopt double doors or scissor linkage structures. Double doors are mostly independent opening and closing forms on both sides, without reliable linkage constraints, and it is difficult for the two doors to keep their movement pace in sync during opening and closing. Scissor linkage doors rely on multiple sets of hinge linkages to achieve transmission. After long-term reciprocating operation, the hinges are prone to wear, loosening, deformation and displacement. They generally have defects such as loud noise when opening and closing, poor door linkage synchronization, and insufficient connection rigidity.

[0004] Furthermore, CNC machine tools continuously generate a large amount of high-temperature, sharp flying iron filings during cutting. These iron filings are very easy to fall into the gaps of the linkage components with the airflow or splashing inertia, causing linkage jamming and blockage. The stuck iron filings not only aggravate the wear of the linkage structure, but also directly hinder the normal transmission of the linkage components, causing problems such as the sliding door jamming and running obstructed. In severe cases, the door may even become stuck and unable to be opened or closed, directly affecting the normal loading, unloading and maintenance operations of the machine tool, reducing the service life of the sliding door and the overall stability of the machine operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the rigidity of the door connection, ensure efficient single-opening double-door operation, protect the linkage structure between the doors, and improve the overall operational stability, this application provides a gear and rack linkage door for single-opening double-door operation.

[0006] This application provides a rack and pinion linkage door with single-opening double-door design. The technical solution adopted is as follows: A rack and pinion linkage door with single-opening double doors includes a fixed back plate fixed to a machine tool frame, a first rack fixedly mounted on the fixed back plate, a first door body and a second door body, a second rack fixedly mounted on one end of the first door body near the fixed back plate, a linkage gear meshing between the first rack and the second rack, the linkage gear being connected to the second door body, and the fixed back plate being slidably connected to the first door body and the second door body. A first protective cover is hinged to the first door body, and a second protective cover is hinged to the second door body. The first protective cover and the second protective cover are slidably connected, and an adjustment component is provided between the first protective cover and the second protective cover. When the first door and the second door are closed, the adjustment component can cause the first protective cover and the second protective cover to flip upward to cover the first rack, the second rack and the linkage gear. When the first door and the second door are open, the adjustment component can cause the first protective cover and the second protective cover to flip downward to expose the first rack, the second rack and the linkage gear.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the CNC machine tool starts working, pushing the first door body moves the second rack, which in turn drives the linkage gear to rotate, causing the linkage gear to move the second door body. During this process, the rotation of the linkage gear drives the adjustment component, causing the first and second protective covers to gradually flip upwards until the first and second doors are completely closed, covering the first rack, second rack, and linkage gear. When maintenance is required on the CNC machine tool or linkage gear, pushing the first door body in the reverse direction moves the second rack, which in turn drives the linkage gear to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the linkage gear to move the second door body towards the closing direction. During this process, the rotation of the linkage gear again drives the adjustment component, causing the first and second protective covers to gradually flip downwards until the first and second doors are completely closed. When fully open, the first and second protective covers expose the first rack, second rack, and linkage gear. The linkage is highly efficient and stable, with low noise and strong connection rigidity, ensuring operational stability. Opening the door allows the protective covers to fold down and closing the door allows them to fold up, requiring no manual intervention or program control. The first and second protective covers flip upwards when the door is closed, completely covering the meshing transmission area of ​​the first rack, second rack, and linkage gear, forming a fully enclosed protective barrier. This effectively prevents high-temperature sharp iron filings and mixed cutting fluid generated by machine tool cutting from entering the gaps between the teeth and the transmission gaps, avoiding problems such as door opening and closing jams or blockages caused by iron filings, ensuring continuous and smooth door operation. When the door is open, the protective covers flip downwards and fold up, completely exposing the gear and rack transmission mechanism, without hindering the maintenance of the internal linkage structure.

[0008] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is coaxially connected to the linkage gear. A first hanging plate is fixedly installed on the end of the second door body near the first bevel gear. A first linkage shaft is rotatably connected to the first hanging plate. The second bevel gear is fixedly installed on the first linkage shaft. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed together. The first linkage shaft is provided with a linkage differential component, which can drive the linkage differential component to make the first protective cover and the second protective cover rotate. When the first door and the second door are opened, the first protective cover and the second protective cover rotate downward by 90°. An adjustment plate is fixedly provided at the end of the first protective cover away from the second protective cover. The end of the adjustment plate away from the first protective cover is hinged to the first door. The hinge axis of the adjustment plate and the first door is coaxial with the hinge axis of the second protective cover and the second door. A clearance groove is provided at the top of the first door, which allows the first door and the second door to be opened.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the meshing of the first and second bevel gears provides strong transmission rigidity and stable transmission. Power is directly drawn from the linkage gears, and the rotation power of the first and second protective covers comes entirely from the opening and closing action of the doors themselves, eliminating the need for motor control. This results in a simple structure and high reliability. The first linkage shaft drives the protective cover rotation through a linkage differential component, achieving differential speed matching between door movement and protective cover rotation. This avoids the jamming and impact caused by rigid synchronization, ensuring smooth door operation and gentle opening and closing of the protective covers, extending their service life. The hinge shafts of the adjusting plate and the first door, and the second protective cover and the second door, are coaxially arranged, ensuring that the left and right protective covers have a unified center of motion and consistent trajectory during rotation, preventing misalignment, jamming, and interference, and ensuring synchronization during double-door linkage. Relief grooves are provided at the top of the first and second doors to provide sufficient space for the protective covers to rotate, preventing collisions and interference between the protective covers and the top plates of the doors.

[0010] Optionally, the linkage differential includes a first sprocket, which is coaxially connected to the second bevel gear; A first adjusting gear is provided on the hinge shaft connecting the second door body and the second protective cover body. A second hanging plate is fixedly provided on the end of the second door body near the first adjusting gear. A second linkage shaft is rotatably connected to the second hanging plate. A second adjusting gear is fixed on the second linkage shaft. The second adjusting gear is meshed with the first adjusting gear. A second sprocket is fixed on the second linkage shaft. The first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected by an adjusting chain.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first sprocket, the second sprocket and the adjusting chain work together to transmit torque, ensuring that the first and second protective covers can be rotated smoothly. The first adjusting gear and the second adjusting gear mesh to accurately achieve differential matching between the door's moving speed and the protective cover's rotation speed. A stable 90° precise rotation can be achieved without complicated control, ensuring adequate protection without interfering with the normal transmission of the gear rack. The entire differential linkage mechanism relies entirely on gears, sprockets and chains to transmit power and is protected inside the first and second protective covers. It can still work stably in an environment with iron filings and dust.

[0012] Optionally, a trapezoidal guide block is provided on the side of the first protective cover facing the second protective cover, and a trapezoidal guide groove is fixedly provided on the side of the second protective cover facing the first protective cover, with the trapezoidal guide block slidably disposed in the trapezoidal guide groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first protective cover and the second protective cover slide relative to each other as the first door and the second door slide. The trapezoidal guide groove and the trapezoidal guide block form a guiding connection function, which can achieve precise guidance during the double door linkage sliding process, ensuring that the two protective covers always maintain coaxial and unidirectional extension and contraction, and have lateral limiting and anti-detachment functions to avoid deviation. This can ensure the stable sliding of the first protective cover and the second protective cover, and ensure that the two flip synchronously.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a guide assembly including a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein an extension arm is provided at the end of the first door body near the first guide rail, and a first slide is provided on the side of the extension arm facing the first guide rail, and the first guide rail is located on the first slide. An extension plate is provided at the end of the second door body near the second guide rail, and a second slide is provided on the side of the extension plate facing the second guide rail, with the second guide rail located on the second slide.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding paths of the first and second doors are independently and precisely guided by the sliding cooperation of the first guide rail and the first slide block, and the second guide rail and the second slide block, respectively. This avoids problems such as door offset, tilting, and jamming, ensuring stable and highly parallel running trajectories of the double doors during reciprocating opening and closing, guaranteeing the linkage and synchronization of single-opening double doors, and providing basic operating accuracy for the subsequent automatic flipping and protective coverage of the protective cover. When the door is closed, the guide components, extension arms, and extension plates are all located inside the protective cover, avoiding sliding difficulties caused by iron filings jamming. When the door is open, the guide components, extension arms, and extension plates are exposed to the outside, facilitating quick inspection and replacement of the guide rails and slide blocks by maintenance personnel without disassembling the door and transmission mechanism. The extension arms and extension plates, as extension and reinforcement structures at the ends of the door, effectively enhance the structural strength of the door ends, prevent deformation of the door ends due to long-term vibration, and ensure the long-term stability of the door opening and closing.

[0016] Optionally, the fixed back plate has an opening at the top and a plurality of air blowing holes on the side of the fixed back plate facing the first rack. It also includes a blower, the blower being connected to an air pipe, the air pipe passing through the opening and communicating with the air blowing holes.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first and second doors are closed, the blower is turned on to ventilate the first rack, the second rack, and the linkage gear, creating a slightly positive pressure environment inside the first and second protective covers. The ventilation pipe blows air outward, continuously forming an airflow barrier, achieving a dual barrier of physical shielding and airflow obstruction. This prevents iron filings generated by the machine tool from approaching the transmission meshing area. At the same time, it can blow away dust and other impurities at the meshing points of the first rack, the second rack, and the linkage gear in real time, preventing the rack and gear from jamming with each other and improving the smoothness and stability of the door operation.

[0018] Optionally, the second door is provided with a handle. When the first door and the second door are closed, a receiving groove is provided at the overlapping part of the first door and the second door, and a receiving through hole is provided at the overlapping part of the second door and the first door. The receiving groove and the receiving through hole are connected. A first annular protrusion is fixedly provided in the receiving through hole, and a second annular protrusion is fixedly provided at the end of the receiving through hole away from the receiving groove. A first moving block is slidably provided in the receiving groove, and a second moving block is slidably provided between the first annular protrusion and the second annular protrusion. A first return spring is fixedly provided between the first moving block and the second moving block. The first movable block has a connection hole, and the handle passes through the connection hole to connect with the first movable block.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first and second doors are closed, the first moving block, under the elastic force of the first return spring, moves part of the handle into the receiving groove, locking the first and second doors and preventing the operator from accidentally opening the doors during CNC machine tool operation, thus avoiding interference with processing. When it is necessary to open the first and second doors, pulling the handle outward causes the handle to move the first moving block against the elastic force of the first return spring, allowing the first moving block to enter the receiving through hole, releasing the lock on the first and second doors. Moving the first and second doors allows the receiving groove and the receiving through hole to be opened. When the through hole is misaligned, pulling the handle will stop. When the first and second doors are fully closed and the receiving groove and the receiving through hole are connected, the first moving block is pushed by the elastic force of the first return spring, causing part of the handle to be positioned in the receiving groove again, thus locking the first and second doors. The first and second moving blocks are elastically connected through the first return spring, and can automatically reset and lock after being released, making the opening and closing of the door easy and smooth. The handle is rigidly connected to the first moving block through the connecting hole, so the force is directly transmitted and the force is evenly distributed when pulled, making it easy to unlock and open the door with one hand, which is convenient and efficient.

[0020] Optionally, a lead screw is rotatably connected to the side of the second door away from the first door. A third adjusting gear is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw. A third rack is fixedly installed on the top of the second door. The third rack meshes with the third adjusting gear. A receiving cavity is opened on the box on the side of the second door. The receiving cavity can accommodate a handle. A nut seat is slidably installed on the lead screw. A receiving cover plate is installed on the nut seat facing the box. When the first door and the second door are closed, the receiving cover plate covers the receiving cavity.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the second door gradually opens, the second door drives the third rack to move, the third rack drives the third adjusting gear to rotate, thereby rotating the lead screw. The nut seat drives the receiving cover plate to slide on the side wall of the box, opening the receiving cavity. When the second door is fully open, the handle is located in the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity can store the handle in the open state, so that the handle is not exposed and does not occupy the front space of the door. When the second door is closed, the handle disengages from the receiving cavity and drives the third rack, the third adjusting gear and the lead screw to move in the opposite direction, so that the receiving cover plate returns to the position of the receiving cavity and covers the receiving cavity. Closing the door automatically closes the receiving cavity, providing multiple barriers to prevent iron filings from entering. The lead screw and nut seat cooperate smoothly in transmission and have strong guiding properties, making the lifting and lowering process of the receiving cover plate gentle and smooth, without collision or interference with the second door or the box.

[0022] Optionally, a first guide slope is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity, a second guide slope is provided at the bottom of the receiving cover plate, and a second reset spring is fixedly provided between the receiving cover plate and the nut seat.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the nut seat drives the receiving cover plate to move downward and separate from the receiving cavity, the first guide slope and the second guide slope cooperate to form an adaptive guide path, which helps the receiving cover plate to move downward. When the nut seat drives the receiving cover plate back to the receiving cavity, the second reset spring provides elastic buffering and pushes the receiving cover plate into the receiving cavity to form a smooth box surface.

[0024] Optionally, the bottom of the first door and the second door are fixedly provided with upright plates, and multiple guide wheels are rotatably connected to the upright plates.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple guide wheels are installed on the upright plate and evenly distributed to disperse the weight of the door and the impact force during operation, avoiding stress concentration at a single point. This further improves the structural stability of the door under long-term high-frequency reciprocating use and transforms the sliding friction between the door and the machine tool frame into rolling friction, significantly reducing the door's movement resistance and making the opening and closing of single and double doors easier and less strenuous, while also effectively reducing operating noise. Combined with the gear rack and pinion structure and guide rail slide structure at the top, the bottom guide wheels form a bidirectional auxiliary guide, which can effectively ensure the synchronization of the two doors and improve operational stability.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The linkage is highly efficient and stable, with low noise and strong connection rigidity, ensuring operational stability. The entire set of actions requires no manual intervention or program control. The first and second protective covers flip upwards when the door is closed, relying on the adjustment components, to completely cover the meshing transmission area of ​​the first rack, second rack and linkage gear, forming a fully enclosed protective barrier. This effectively prevents high-temperature sharp iron chips and mixed cutting fluid generated by machine tool cutting from entering the gaps between the teeth and the transmission gaps, avoiding the problems of door opening and closing jamming and jamming caused by iron chip jamming and blockage, and ensuring the continuous smooth operation of the door. When the door is opened, the protective covers flip downwards and retract, completely exposing the gear and rack transmission mechanism, without hindering the maintenance of the internal linkage structure.

[0027] 2. The first and second bevel gears mesh, resulting in strong transmission rigidity and stable transmission. Power is directly drawn from the linkage gears; the rotational power of the first and second protective covers comes entirely from the opening and closing action of the door itself, eliminating the need for motor control. This design is simple, highly reliable, and the first linkage shaft drives the protective cover rotation via a differential linkage component, achieving differential speed matching between door movement and protective cover rotation. To ensure smooth door operation and gentle opening and closing of the protective cover, extending its service life, the adjustment plate ensures that the left and right protective covers move in the same direction when flipping.

[0028] 3. The first and second sprockets, in conjunction with the adjusting chain, can transmit torque to ensure the smooth rotation of the first and second protective covers. The first and second adjusting gears mesh to precisely match the differential speed between the door's moving speed and the protective cover's rotation speed. A stable 90° precise rotation can be achieved without complex control, ensuring adequate protection without interfering with the normal transmission of the gears and racks. The entire differential linkage mechanism relies entirely on gears, sprockets, and chains to transmit power and protect the first and second protective covers, allowing for stable operation even in environments with iron filings and dust.

[0029] 4. The blower supplies air to the first rack, second rack, and linkage gear to create a slightly positive pressure environment. It continuously forms an airflow barrier outward, achieving a dual barrier of physical shielding and airflow obstruction, preventing iron filings generated by machine tool operation from approaching the transmission meshing area. At the same time, it can blow away dust and other impurities at the meshing points of the first rack, second rack, and linkage gear in real time, preventing the rack and gear from jamming with each other, and improving the smoothness and stability of the door's operation.

[0030] 5. The first moving block and the second moving block are elastically connected by the first return spring. After releasing the handle, they can automatically reset and lock, making the opening and closing of the door easy and smooth. The handle passes directly through the connecting hole and is rigidly connected to the first moving block. When pulling, the force is directly transmitted and the force is evenly distributed. Unlocking and opening the door can be easily achieved with one hand, making it convenient and efficient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first rack and the linkage gear in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the guide component in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first cover, the second cover, and the adjustment component in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the adjusting plate and the second hanging plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the handle in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the receiving cavity and the receiving back plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixed back plate; 11. Opening; 12. Air blowing hole; 21. First rack; 22. Second rack; 23. Linkage gear; 31. First door body; 311. Relief groove; 312. Receiving groove; 313. First moving block; 314. Vertical plate; 315. Guide wheel; 32. Second door body; 321. Handle; 322. Receiving hole; 3221. First annular protrusion; 3222. Second annular protrusion; 323. Second moving block; 3231. Connecting hole; 324. First return spring; 41. First protective cover; 411. Trapezoidal guide block; 42. Second protective cover; 421. Trapezoidal guide groove; 43. Adjusting plate; 5. Adjusting assembly; 51. First bevel gear; 52. Second bevel gear 53. First hanging plate; 54. First linkage shaft; 55. Linkage differential component; 551. First sprocket; 552. First adjusting gear; 553. Second hanging plate; 554. Second linkage shaft; 555. Second adjusting gear; 556. Second sprocket; 557. Adjusting chain; 6. Guide assembly; 611. First guide rail; 612. Extension arm; 613. First slide; 621. Second guide rail; 622. Extension plate; 623. Second slide; 71. Blower; 72. Ventilation pipe; 81. Lead screw; 82. Third adjusting gear; 83. Third rack; 84. Receiving cavity; 841. First guide ramp; 85. Nut seat; 86. Receiving cover plate; 861. Second guide ramp; 87. Second return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0042] This application discloses a single-opening double-door gear and rack linkage door.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rack and pinion linkage door with single and double opening includes a first door body 31, a second door body 32 and a fixed back plate 1. Both the first door body 31 and the second door body 32 are L-shaped door structures. The bottom of both the first door body 31 and the second door body 32 are fixedly provided with upright plates 314, and each upright plate 314 is rotatably connected to two guide wheels 315. The first door 31 and the second door 32 are slidably connected to the fixed back plate 1. The fixed back plate 1 is fixedly installed on the machine tool frame. The fixed back plate 1 is a hollow frame structure. Two openings 11 are opened on the top of the fixed back plate 1. A blower 71 is provided near the openings 11 on the fixed back plate 1. The blower 71 is connected to a ventilation pipe 72. The ventilation pipe 72 enters the fixed back plate 1 from the openings 11. Several air blowing holes 12 are opened on the side wall of the fixed back plate 1 facing the first door 31 and the second door 32. The ventilation pipe 72 is connected to the several air blowing holes 12 through a diverter pipe.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A first rack 21 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixed back plate 1 facing the first door body 31 and the second door body 32. A second rack 22 is fixedly installed on the end face of the first door body 31 facing the fixed back plate 1. The rack teeth of the first rack 21 and the rack teeth of the second rack 22 are opposite to each other. An extension plate 622 is fixedly installed on the end face of the second door body 32 facing the fixed back plate 1. The extension plate 622 has an L-shaped plate structure. One side of the extension plate 622 is fixed to the second door body 32. A linkage gear 23 is rotatably connected to the other side of the extension plate 622. The linkage gear 23 is located between the first rack 21 and the second rack 22. The first rack 21 and the second rack 22 are both meshed with the linkage gear 23. A gear pad is provided above the linkage gear 23.

[0045] A guide assembly 6 is provided between the fixed back plate 1 and the first door body 31 and the second door body 32. The guide assembly 6 includes two second slides 623. The two second slides 623 are the same size and structure. The second slides 623 are located on the side of the extension plate 622 where the linkage gear 23 is provided. A second guide rail 621 is fixedly provided on the fixed back plate 1 near the second slides 623 by a mounting plate. The length direction of the second guide rail 621 is the same as the moving direction of the first door body 31 and the second door body 32. The second guide rail 621 has an I-shaped guide rail structure. The groove on the top of the second slide 623 is adapted to the second guide rail 621. The second slide 623 and the second guide rail 621 are slidably connected. A first guide rail 611 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed back plate 1. The structure of the first guide rail 611 is the same as that of the second guide rail 621. The length direction of the first guide rail 611 is the same as the movement direction of the first door body 31 and the second door body 32. Two extension arms 612 are fixedly installed on the first door body 31. The two extension arms 612 are the same in size and structure. The extension arms 612 are U-shaped. The top of one end of the extension arm 612 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first door body 31. The top of the other end of the extension arm 612 is fixedly installed with a first slide block 613. The structure of the first slide block 613 is the same as that of the second slide block 623. The groove on the top of the first slide block 613 is adapted to the first guide rail 611. The first slide block 613 and the first guide rail 611 are slidably connected.

[0046] like Figure 5 A first protective cover 41 is hinged to the first door body 31, and a second protective cover 42 is hinged to the second door body 32. A first adjusting gear 552 is provided on the hinge shaft between the second door body 32 and the second protective cover 42. Adjusting components 5 are provided on the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42.

[0047] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 The adjusting component 5 includes a first hanging plate 53, which is fixedly mounted on an extension plate 622. A first linkage shaft 54 ​​is rotatably connected to the first hanging plate 53. The length direction of the first linkage shaft 54 ​​is consistent with the length direction of the first rack 21. A second bevel gear 52 is fixed to one end of the first linkage shaft 54 ​​near the linkage gear 23. A first bevel gear 51 is coaxially connected to the bottom of the linkage gear 23. The first bevel gear 51 and the second bevel gear 52 are meshed together. A linkage differential component 55 is provided at one end of the first linkage shaft 54 ​​away from the linkage gear 23.

[0048] The linkage differential 55 includes a first sprocket 551, which is fixed to the end of the first linkage shaft 54 ​​away from the linkage gear 23. A second hanging plate 553 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the second door 32 near the hinge point between the second protective cover 42 and the second door 32. A second linkage shaft 554 is rotatably connected to the second hanging plate 553. The length direction of the second linkage shaft 554 is the same as that of the first linkage shaft 54. A second adjusting gear 555 is fixedly installed on one end of the second linkage shaft 554. The first adjusting gear 552 and the second adjusting gear 555 are meshed together. The diameter of the first adjusting gear 552 is larger than that of the second adjusting gear 555. A second sprocket 556 is fixedly installed on the other end of the first linkage shaft 54. An adjusting chain 557 is meshed on the second sprocket 556. One end of the adjusting chain 557 is meshed with the first sprocket 551, and the other end of the adjusting chain 557 is meshed with the second sprocket 556.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The top of the first door body 31 is provided with a clearance groove 311, which is a long strip groove. The extension direction of the clearance groove 311 is the same as the movement direction of the first door body 31. An adjustment plate 43 is fixed at the end of the first protective cover body 41 away from the second protective cover body 42. The adjustment plate 43 is a long strip waist-shaped plate. One end of the adjustment plate 43 is fixedly connected to the first protective cover body 41, and the other end of the adjustment plate 43 away from the first protective cover body 41 is hinged to the first door body 31. The hinge axis of the adjustment plate 43 and the first door body 31 and the hinge axis of the second protective cover body 42 and the second door body 32 are coaxially arranged.

[0050] A trapezoidal guide block 411 is provided on the side of the first protective cover 41 facing the second protective cover 42. A trapezoidal guide groove 421 is fixedly provided on the side of the second protective cover 42 facing the first protective cover 41. The trapezoidal guide groove 421 is adapted to the trapezoidal guide block 411. The trapezoidal guide block 411 is slidably disposed in the trapezoidal guide groove 421, so that the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 are slidably connected.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The second door body 32 is provided with a handle 321, which is a U-shaped structure. The first door body 31 has two receiving grooves 312, and the second door body 32 has two receiving through holes 322. Both the receiving grooves 312 and the receiving through holes 322 are circular structures. The groove diameter of the receiving groove 312 is the same as the hole diameter of the receiving through hole 322. A first annular protrusion 3221 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the receiving through hole 322. The first annular protrusion 3221 is located in the middle of the receiving groove 312. A second annular protrusion 3222 is fixedly provided on the end of the receiving through hole 322 away from the receiving groove 312. The end face of the second annular protrusion 3222 facing away from the first annular protrusion 3221 is flush with the side wall of the second door body 32.

[0052] When the first door 31 and the second door 32 are fully closed, the receiving groove 312 is aligned with the corresponding receiving through hole 322. A first moving block 313 is slidably disposed in the receiving groove 312. The first moving block 313 has an I-shaped structure and its diameter is adapted to the diameter of the receiving groove 312. The distance from the end face of the first annular protrusion 3221 away from the end face of the second annular protrusion 3222 to the end face of the second door 32 facing the first door 31 is greater than the thickness of the portion of the first moving block 313 located in the receiving groove 312. A second moving block 323 is disposed between the first annular protrusion 3221 and the second annular protrusion 3222. The second moving block 323 abuts against the end face of the second annular protrusion 3222 facing the first annular protrusion 3221. A first return spring 324 is disposed between the first moving block 313 and the second moving block 323. One end of the first return spring 324 is fixedly connected to the first moving block 313, and the other end of the first return spring 324 is fixedly connected to the second moving block 323.

[0053] The second moving block 323 has a connecting hole 3231, and the two ends of the handle 321 pass through the corresponding connecting hole 3231 respectively. The two ends of the handle 321 are fixedly mounted on the first moving block 313.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 9The second door 32 is provided with a third rack 83. The end of the third rack 83 near the handle 321 is fixedly connected to the top of the second door 32, and the end of the third rack 83 away from the handle 321 slides on the top of the box. The side of the box near the second door 32 is rotatably connected to a lead screw 81. The top of the lead screw 81 is fixedly provided with a third adjusting gear 82, which meshes with the third rack 83. The housing has a receiving cavity 84, which is level with the handle 321. A nut seat 85 is provided on the lead screw 81, and a receiving cover plate 86 is provided on the nut seat 85. A second return spring 87 is fixedly provided between the receiving cover plate 86 and the nut seat 85. One end of the second return spring 87 is fixedly connected to the nut seat 85, and the other end is fixedly connected to the receiving cover plate 86. The size of the receiving cover plate 86 is adapted to the size of the receiving cavity 84. A first guide slope 841 is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity 84, and a second guide slope 861 is provided at the bottom of the receiving cover plate 86. The first guide slope 841 and the second guide slope 861 have the same inclination angle. When the receiving cover plate 86 is located in the receiving cavity 84, the first guide slope 841 and the second guide slope 861 are fitted together.

[0055] In other embodiments, the bottom of the first door body 31 and the second door body 32 may be provided with one, three, or other numbers of guide wheels 315. The linkage differential 55 may include multiple adjusting gears for step-by-step adjustment. The adjusting plate 43 may also be a waist-shaped plate structure or other shapes. The first protective cover 41 has an I-shaped guide groove on the side facing the second protective cover 42. The second protective cover 42 has an I-shaped guide block or other compatible guide grooves and guide blocks fixedly provided on the side facing the first protective cover 41. The handle 321 may also be a T-shaped structure. The end of the handle 321 away from the first moving block 313 may be a disc-shaped structure or a crossbar-shaped structure. The size of the end of the handle 321 away from the first moving block 313 is larger than the size of the connecting hole 3231. The thickness of the first moving block 313 may be less than or equal to the distance from the end face of the first annular protrusion 3221 away from the end face of the second annular protrusion 3222 to the end face of the second door body 32 facing the first door 31. The thickness of block 323 can be less than or equal to the distance between the end face of the first annular protrusion 3221 facing the second annular protrusion 3222 and the end face of the second annular protrusion 3222 facing the first annular protrusion 3221. Multiple first return springs 324 can be provided between the first moving block 313 and the second moving block 323. Multiple second return springs 87 can be fixedly provided between the receiving cover plate 86 and the nut seat 85. The top and bottom surfaces of the receiving cavity 84 can both be provided with first guide slopes 841. The top and bottom surfaces of the receiving cover plate 86 can both be provided with second guide slopes 861. The first guide slope 841 at the top of the receiving cavity 84 and the second guide slope 861 at the top of the receiving cover plate 86 are adapted to each other. The first guide slope 841 at the bottom of the receiving cavity 84 and the second guide slope 861 at the bottom of the receiving cover plate 86 are adapted to each other. When the receiving cover plate 86 is located in the receiving cavity 84, the two first guide slopes 841 are respectively fitted with the corresponding second guide slopes 861.

[0056] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: When the CNC machine tool starts working, pushing the first door body 31 drives the second rack 22 to move. The second rack 22 drives the linkage gear 23 to rotate, causing the linkage gear 23 to drive the second door body 32 to move. During this process, the rotation of the linkage gear 23 drives the adjustment component 5, causing the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 to gradually flip upwards until the first door body 31 and the second door body 32 are completely closed, and the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 just cover the first rack 21, the second rack 22 and the linkage gear 23. When it is necessary to repair the CNC machine tool or the linkage gear 23, the first door body 31 is pushed in the opposite direction to drive the second rack 22 to move. The second rack 22 drives the linkage gear 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the linkage gear 23 to drive the second door body 32 to move in the closing direction. During this process, the rotation of the linkage gear 23 again drives the adjustment component 5, causing the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 to gradually flip downwards. The rotation continues until the first door 31 and the second door 32 are fully open, at which point the first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 expose the first rack 21, the second rack 22, and the linkage gear 23. The linkage is highly efficient and stable, with low noise and strong connection rigidity, ensuring operational stability. The protective cover is folded down when the door is opened and folded up when the door is closed. The entire set of actions requires no manual intervention or program control. The first protective cover 41 and the second protective cover 42 flip upward when the door is closed, relying on the adjustment component 5, to completely cover the meshing transmission area of ​​the first rack 21, the second rack 22, and the linkage gear 23, forming a fully enclosed protective barrier. This effectively prevents high-temperature sharp iron chips and mixed cutting fluid generated by machine tool cutting from entering the gaps between the teeth and the transmission gaps, avoiding the problems of door opening and closing jamming and jamming caused by iron chip jamming and blockage, and ensuring the continuous and smooth operation of the door. When the door is opened, the protective cover flips down and retracts, completely exposing the gear and rack transmission mechanism, without hindering the maintenance of the internal linkage structure. When the first door 31 and the second door 32 are closed, the first moving block 313, under the elastic force of the first return spring 324, moves part of the handle 321 into the receiving groove 312, locking the first door 31 and the second door 32 in place, preventing the operator from accidentally opening the doors and interfering with the machining process during CNC machine tool operation. When it is necessary to open the first door 31 and the second door 32, the handle 321 is pulled outward. The handle 321 moves the first moving block 313 to overcome the elastic force of the first return spring 324, causing the first moving block 313 to enter the receiving through hole 322, releasing the lock on the first door 31 and the second door 32. When the first door 31 and the second door 32 are moved, the receiving groove 312 and the receiving through hole 312 are locked together. When the handle 321 is misaligned, pulling on the handle 321 will stop. When the first door 31 and the second door 32 are completely closed and the receiving groove 312 and the receiving through hole 322 are connected, the first moving block 313 is subjected to the elastic force of the first return spring 324, which drives part of the handle 321 to be located in the receiving groove 312 again, so that the first door 31 and the second door 32 are locked together. The first moving block 313 and the second moving block 323 are elastically connected through the first return spring 324. After releasing the handle, they can automatically reset and lock. The opening and closing of the door is easy and smooth. The handle 321 is rigidly connected to the first moving block 313 through the connecting hole 3231. When pulling, the force is directly transmitted and the force is evenly distributed. The door can be easily unlocked and opened with one hand, which is convenient and efficient.

[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A rack and pinion linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration, characterized in that: The system includes a fixed back plate (1) fixed on a machine tool frame, a first rack (21) fixedly mounted on the fixed back plate (1), a first door body (31) and a second door body (32), a second rack (22) fixedly mounted on one end of the first door body (31) near the fixed back plate (1), a linkage gear (23) meshing between the first rack (21) and the second rack (22), the linkage gear (23) being connected to the second door body (32), and the fixed back plate (1) being slidably connected to the first door body (31) and the second door body (32). A first protective cover (41) is hinged on the first door body (31), and a second protective cover (42) is hinged on the second door body (32). The first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42) are slidably connected, and an adjustment component (5) is provided between the first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42). When the first door (31) and the second door (32) are closed, the adjustment component (5) can cause the first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42) to flip upward to cover the first rack (21), the second rack (22) and the linkage gear (23). When the first door (31) and the second door (32) are opened, the adjustment component (5) can cause the first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42) to flip downward to expose the first rack (21), the second rack (22) and the linkage gear (23).

2. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component (5) includes a first bevel gear (51) and a second bevel gear (52). The first bevel gear (51) is coaxially connected to the linkage gear (23). A first hanging plate (53) is fixedly installed on the end of the second door body (32) near the first bevel gear (51). A first linkage shaft (54) is rotatably connected to the first hanging plate (53). The second bevel gear (52) is fixedly installed on the first linkage shaft (54). The first bevel gear (51) and the second bevel gear (52) are meshed together. A linkage differential component (55) is provided on the first linkage shaft (54). The first linkage shaft (54) can drive the linkage differential component (55) to make the first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42) flip. When the first door (31) and the second door (32) are opened, the first protective cover (41) and the second protective cover (42) flip downward by 90°. An adjusting plate (43) is fixedly provided at the end of the first protective cover (41) away from the second protective cover (42). The end of the adjusting plate (43) away from the first protective cover (41) is hinged to the first door (31). The hinge axis of the adjusting plate (43) and the first door (31) is coaxial with the hinge axis of the second protective cover (42) and the second door (32). A clearance groove (311) is provided on the top of the first door (31). The clearance groove (311) enables the first door (31) and the second door (32) to open.

3. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage differential (55) includes a first sprocket (551), which is coaxially connected to the second bevel gear (52); A first adjusting gear (552) is provided on the hinge shaft between the second door body (32) and the second protective cover body (42). A second hanging plate (553) is fixedly provided on the end of the second door body (32) near the first adjusting gear (552). A second linkage shaft (554) is rotatably connected to the second hanging plate (553). A second adjusting gear (555) is fixed on the second linkage shaft (554). The second adjusting gear (555) meshes with the first adjusting gear (552). A second sprocket (556) is fixed on the second linkage shaft (554). The first sprocket (551) and the second sprocket (556) are connected by an adjusting chain (557).

4. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective cover (41) has a trapezoidal guide block (411) on the side facing the second protective cover (42), and the second protective cover (42) has a trapezoidal guide groove (421) fixedly provided on the side facing the first protective cover (41). The trapezoidal guide block (411) is slidably disposed in the trapezoidal guide groove (421).

5. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide assembly (6) including a first guide rail (611) and a second guide rail (621). An extension arm (612) is provided at the end of the first door body (31) near the first guide rail (611). A first slide block (613) is provided on the side of the extension arm (612) facing the first guide rail (611). The first guide rail (611) is located on the first slide block (613). An extension plate (622) is provided at the end of the second door body (32) near the second guide rail (621). A second slide block (623) is provided on the side of the extension plate (622) facing the second guide rail (621). The second guide rail (621) is located on the second slide block (623).

6. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed back plate (1) has an opening (11) at the top and a plurality of air blowing holes (12) on the side of the fixed back plate (1) facing the first rack (21). It also includes a blower (71) and the blower (71) is connected to an air pipe (72). The air pipe (72) passes through the opening (11) and communicates with the air blowing holes (12).

7. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second door (32) is provided with a handle (321). When the first door (31) and the second door (32) are closed, a receiving groove (312) is provided at the overlapping part of the first door (31) and the second door (32), and a receiving through hole (322) is provided at the overlapping part of the second door (32) and the first door (31). The receiving groove (312) and the receiving through hole (322) are connected. A first annular protrusion (3221) is fixedly provided in the receiving through hole (322), and a second annular protrusion (3222) is fixedly provided at the end of the receiving through hole (322) away from the receiving groove (312). A first moving block (313) is slidably provided in the receiving groove (312). A second moving block (323) is slidably provided between the first annular protrusion (3221) and the second annular protrusion (3222). A first return spring (324) is fixedly provided between the first moving block (313) and the second moving block (323). The first movable block (313) has a connecting hole (3231), and the handle (321) passes through the connecting hole (3231) and connects to the first movable block (313).

8. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second door (32) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (81) on the side away from the first door (31). A third adjusting gear (82) is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw (81). A third rack (83) is fixedly installed on the top of the second door (32). The third rack (83) and the third adjusting gear (82) mesh. A receiving cavity (84) is opened on the box on the side of the second door (32). The receiving cavity (84) can accommodate the handle (321). A nut seat (85) is slidably installed on the lead screw (81). A receiving cover plate (86) is installed on the side of the nut seat (85) facing the box. When the first door (31) and the second door (32) are closed, the receiving cover plate (86) covers the receiving cavity (84).

9. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the receiving cavity (84) is provided with a first guide slope (841), the bottom of the receiving cover plate (86) is provided with a second guide slope (861), and a second return spring (87) is fixedly provided between the receiving cover plate (86) and the nut seat (85).

10. The gear and rack linkage door with single-opening double-door configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the first door body (31) and the second door body (32) are fixedly provided with a vertical plate (314), and a plurality of guide wheels (315) are rotatably connected on the vertical plate (314).

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