A 1500v high breaking capacity current limiting fuse for new energy line

Abstract

This invention discloses a 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy power lines, belonging to the technical field of current-limiting fuses. The 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy power lines of this invention includes a fixed base plate, a supporting and protective mechanism on the fixed base plate, a ceramic outer cylinder on the supporting and protective mechanism, a first contact mounted on the surface of the ceramic outer cylinder, a fixed column mounted inside the ceramic outer cylinder, multiple fixing strips evenly spaced on the surface of the fixing column, multiple limiting grooves on the surface of the fixing strips, a narrow-necked fusible element wound around the outside of the fixing column, the narrow-necked fusible element being engaged in the limiting grooves, the interior of the ceramic outer cylinder being filled with quartz sand, and a limiting mechanism on the fixed base plate. This invention suppresses the displacement and swaying of fusible element remnants through the fixing strips and limiting grooves, enabling the arc-extinguishing chamber to absorb large electric arcs and quickly interrupt 1500V high currents. A protective cover is formed by the lower arc support plate and the upper arc cover plate, improving equipment safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of current-limiting fuse technology, and in particular to a 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines. Background Technology

[0002] The 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines is a core protection device designed specifically for modern high-voltage DC new energy systems (such as large-scale photovoltaic power plants and energy storage systems). Its high voltage level of 1500V matches the development trend of systems towards higher DC operating voltages. Its core value lies in its ability to safely and reliably interrupt fault currents of up to tens of kiloamperes (such as 20kA, 30kA or higher) when a severe short-circuit fault occurs. By rapidly fusing and generating a high arc voltage within milliseconds, it forcibly limits the peak value and duration (I²t value) of the fault current. This powerful high breaking capacity and current-limiting characteristics effectively suppress the thermal damage and electrodynamic impact caused by short-circuit current to downstream key equipment (such as inverters, batteries, connectors and cables). Thus, it serves as an indispensable overload and short-circuit protection element for the DC side of new energy (such as the output end of photovoltaic strings or energy storage battery clusters), ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the entire system.

[0003] Current-limiting fuses used in existing new energy lines are designed to interrupt current during short-circuit faults. However, the main challenge in practice is that when the fault current is too large, the fuse wire will shift or swing under the physical action of the strong electric arc, causing it to become entangled or collide. This not only easily causes the arc to reignite or makes it difficult to extinguish completely, but the most dangerous situation is that the fuse cannot reliably interrupt the fault current within the specified time limit. The continuous high-intensity arc generates huge heat and pressure, causing the internal pressure of the fuse tube to rise sharply, which may cause the fuse tube to burst or even explode, spewing high-temperature gas and molten metal. Fuse failure means that the fault current continues to exist, which will not only seriously damage the fuse body, but may also cause downstream critical equipment to be damaged due to prolonged short-circuit current impact.

[0004] In summary, to ensure the safety and reliability of new energy high-voltage lines under extreme short-circuit faults, it is necessary to address the critical issue of fuses failing to interrupt the circuit due to fuse wire displacement or oscillation under extremely high fault currents, which could lead to fuse tube rupture. This would enable fuses to reliably interrupt fault currents and maintain their structural integrity under extreme operating conditions, thereby effectively protecting downstream critical equipment and enhancing the safety boundary of the entire system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a V-type high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines, comprising a fixed base plate, a supporting and protective mechanism on the fixed base plate, a ceramic outer cylinder on the supporting and protective mechanism, a first contact mounted on the surface of the ceramic outer cylinder, a fixed column mounted inside the ceramic outer cylinder, multiple fixing strips mounted equidistantly on the surface of the fixing column, multiple limiting grooves formed on the surface of the fixing strips, a narrow-neck fusible element wound around the outside of the fixing column, the narrow-neck fusible element being inserted into the interior of the limiting groove, the interior of the ceramic outer cylinder being filled with quartz sand, and a limiting mechanism on the fixed base plate.

[0007] Preferably, a second contact is installed at the end of the ceramic outer cylinder away from the first contact, and an impactor is installed inside the second contact.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting mechanism is used to limit the position of the fuse. The limiting mechanism includes an insulating component and a clamping component. The insulating component is used to maintain high voltage to ground insulation, and the clamping component is used to limit the position of the fuse.

[0009] Preferably, the insulation assembly includes insulators symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the fixed base plate and a fixed frame mounted on the upper end of the insulators.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes elastic clips symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame, with the first contact and the second contact both snapped between the two elastic clips, elastic side baffles symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame, and connecting pieces installed on the surface of the fixed frame.

[0011] Preferably, the support and protection mechanism is used to protect the fuse. The support and protection mechanism includes a support component and a protection component. The support component is used to support the protection component, and the protection component is used to protect the fuse.

[0012] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support base mounted on the upper end of a fixed base plate, support vertical plates symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the support base, and a plurality of reinforcing inclined plates mounted between the two support vertical plates.

[0013] Preferably, the protective assembly includes a lower support arc plate mounted on the upper end of the support vertical plate and an upper cover arc plate mounted on the upper end of the lower support arc plate, with the ceramic outer cylinder inserted into the interior of the lower support arc plate and the upper cover arc plate.

[0014] Preferably, a lower support strip is symmetrically installed on the upper end of the lower support arc plate, and an upper connecting strip is symmetrically installed on the lower end of the upper cover arc plate. Multiple quick-release slots are equidistantly opened on the surface of the lower support strip, and multiple quick-release pieces are equidistantly installed on the lower end of the upper connecting strip. The quick-release pieces are inserted into the interior of the quick-release slots.

[0015] Preferably, the quick-release plate has inverted snap springs symmetrically installed on its surface, with the upper end of the snap springs fitting against the lower end of the lower support strip.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention uses fixed strips and limiting grooves evenly distributed on the surface of the fixed column to achieve multi-point precise clamping of the wound narrow-necked molten material. When a short-circuit fault causes melting, it effectively suppresses the displacement and swaying of the molten material residue. Combined with the cooling and adsorption effect of the high-purity quartz sand filled inside, it fundamentally avoids the problem of arc reignition caused by molten material entanglement or swinging. This allows the arc-extinguishing chamber to absorb the large arc during new energy line faults and quickly interrupt the 1500-volt large current.

[0018] 2. The protective cover formed by the lower support arc plate and the upper cover arc plate of this invention through quick-release spring clips not only restrains the risk of melt tube rupture but also enables tool-free disassembly and assembly. The truss structure supported by the reinforced inclined plate below disperses and transmits the short-circuit impact force to the base, forming a full-chain reinforced design from melt positioning, arc control, electrical insulation to mechanical protection, which significantly improves the breaking reliability and equipment safety of new energy high-voltage DC systems under extreme short-circuit conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed base plate structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed frame structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower support arc plate structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper cover arc plate structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ceramic outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the fuse of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base plate; 11. Ceramic outer cylinder; 12. First contact; 13. Fixed column; 14. Fixed strip; 15. Limiting groove; 16. Narrow neck melt; 17. Quartz sand; 18. Second contact; 19. Impactor; 20. Insulator; 21. Fixed frame; 22. Elastic clip; 23. Elastic side baffle; 24. Connecting piece; 25. Support base; 26. Support vertical plate; 27. Reinforcing inclined plate; 28. Lower support arc plate; 29. ​​Upper cover arc plate; 30. Lower support strip; 31. Upper connecting strip; 32. Quick release groove; 33. Quick release piece; 34. Inverted spring piece. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 1 to 7 A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines includes a fixed base plate 1, a support and protection mechanism on the fixed base plate 1, a ceramic outer cylinder 11 on the support and protection mechanism, a first contact 12 on the surface of the ceramic outer cylinder 11, a fixed column 13 inside the ceramic outer cylinder 11, a plurality of fixed strips 14 equidistantly installed on the surface of the fixed column 13, a plurality of limiting grooves 15 on the surface of the fixed strips 14, a narrow-neck fusible element 16 wound around the outside of the fixed column 13, the narrow-neck fusible element 16 being inserted into the interior of the limiting grooves 15, the interior of the ceramic outer cylinder 11 being filled with quartz sand 17, and a limiting mechanism on the fixed base plate 1.

[0030] It should be noted that the fixing strip 14 and the limiting groove 15 constitute the melt positioning structure. Multiple radially distributed fixing strips 14 divide the melt into independent sections. After the narrow-necked melt 16 is embedded in the limiting groove 15, each of its narrow points is physically constrained, preventing the melt from swinging or entangled due to the repulsive force of the electric arc when it melts. In addition, the high-purity quartz sand 17 filling not only accelerates the cooling of the electric arc, but also restricts the displacement of the melt through the gaps between the particles, working together with the fixing strip 14 to suppress the oscillation of the melt and prevent the electric arc from reigniting.

[0031] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 6 The ceramic outer cylinder 11 has a second contact 18 installed at the end away from the first contact 12, and an impactor 19 is installed inside the second contact 18.

[0032] It should be noted that when the fuse trips, the impactor 19 is triggered by heat to mechanically eject, which can be linked to the external tripping device to achieve secondary power outage protection in case of fault. The first contact 12 and the second contact 18 are respectively placed at both ends of the ceramic outer cylinder 11 to ensure that the high voltage arc is interrupted only inside the sealed cylinder and to prevent external flashover.

[0033] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 2 The limiting mechanism is used to limit the position of the fuse. The limiting mechanism includes an insulating component and a clamping component. The insulating component is used to maintain high voltage insulation to ground, and the clamping component is used to limit the position of the fuse.

[0034] It should be noted that the symmetrical insulator 20 raises the fixed frame 21 to a safe creepage distance to prevent the 1500V high voltage from discharging to the ground through the fixed base plate 1. The fixed frame 21 is mounted on top of the insulator 20 so that the contact connection area is completely separated from the metal base plate, reducing electric field distortion.

[0035] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 3 The insulation assembly includes insulators 20 symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the fixed base plate 1 and a fixed frame 21 mounted on the upper end of the insulators 20.

[0036] It should be noted that the elastic clip 22 not only ensures the reliability of conductivity by clamping the contact with elastic force, but also allows the contact to move slightly longitudinally when it expands due to heat, thus relieving thermal stress. The opening guide design of the elastic clip 22 enables the contact to be automatically aligned when inserted, avoiding installation misalignment.

[0037] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 3 The clamping assembly includes elastic clamping pieces 22 symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame 21. The first contact 12 and the second contact 18 are both inserted between the two elastic clamping pieces 22. Elastic side baffles 23 are symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame 21. Connecting pieces 24 are installed on the surface of the fixed frame 21.

[0038] It should be noted that the symmetrically arranged elastic side baffles 23 constrain the contacts laterally, suppressing high-frequency vibrations during equipment operation that could cause the contacts to loosen. The connecting piece 24 has reserved bolt holes to support the modular expansion of parallel fuses, adapting to the multi-branch protection needs of the new energy array.

[0039] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 4 The support and protection mechanism is used to protect the fuse. The support and protection mechanism includes a support component and a protection component. The support component is used to support the protection component, and the protection component is used to protect the fuse.

[0040] It should be noted that the intersecting inclined plates between the supporting vertical plates 26 form a triangular truss, which disperses the burst force of the fuse to the support base 25, reducing the risk of structural deformation. The support base 25 increases the contact area with the fixed base plate 1, improving the overall anti-overturning stability.

[0041] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 4 to 5 The support assembly includes a support base 25 mounted on the upper end of the fixed base plate 1, support vertical plates 26 symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the support base 25, and a plurality of reinforcing inclined plates 27 mounted between the two support vertical plates 26.

[0042] It should be noted that the lower support arc plate 28 and the upper cover arc plate 29 are made of insulating elastic material and there is a gap between the inner wall and the ceramic outer cylinder 11. The ceramic outer cylinder 11 is completely covered inside the arc plate to prevent fragments from flying when it explodes and to prevent impact from external objects.

[0043] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 4 to 5 The protective assembly includes a lower support arc plate 28 installed on the upper end of the support vertical plate 26 and an upper cover arc plate 29 installed on the upper end of the lower support arc plate 28. The ceramic outer cylinder 11 is inserted into the interior of the lower support arc plate 28 and the upper cover arc plate 29.

[0044] It should be noted that the lower support strip 30 and the upper connecting strip 31 work together to ensure that the upper cover arc plate 29 is accurately fastened to the lower support arc plate 28, avoiding misalignment during assembly.

[0045] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 4 to 5 The lower support plate 28 is symmetrically equipped with a lower support strip 30 at its upper end, and the upper cover plate 29 is symmetrically equipped with an upper connecting strip 31 at its lower end. The surface of the lower support strip 30 is provided with multiple quick-release grooves 32 at equal intervals, and the lower end of the upper connecting strip 31 is provided with multiple quick-release pieces 33 at equal intervals. The quick-release pieces 33 are inserted into the quick-release grooves 32.

[0046] It should be noted that after the quick-release piece 33 is inserted into the quick-release slot 32, the arc plate can be separated simply by pressing the snap spring 34 without removing the bolts, which facilitates the replacement of the fuse. The multiple quick-release slots 32, which are evenly distributed, provide multiple locking points, and the failure of a single point will not affect the overall fixation.

[0047] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 5 The surface of the quick-release piece 33 is symmetrically equipped with inverted spring pieces 34, the upper end of which is in contact with the lower end of the lower support strip 30.

[0048] It should be noted that the reverse fastening force generated by the elastic deformation of the snap-fit ​​spring 34 forms a surface contact lock with the lower end face of the lower support bar 30, making it less prone to loosening under vibration.

[0049] Working principle: Under normal operation of the new energy high-voltage DC system, the current is conducted through the elastic clips 22 symmetrically arranged inside the fixed frame 21 to the first contact 12 and the second contact 18 at both ends of the ceramic outer cylinder 11, and then flows through the narrow-necked molten material 16 tightly wound on the surface of the fixed column 13. During the winding process, each narrow point of the molten material is precisely embedded in multiple limiting grooves 15 opened on the surface of the fixed strip 14, achieving a firm constraint at multiple points. When a serious short-circuit fault occurs in the line, the instantaneously increased fault current causes the narrow-necked molten material 16 to melt and break at its narrow point in a very short time, triggering a high-intensity electric arc. At this time, the high-purity quartz sand 17 filled inside the ceramic outer cylinder 11... Playing a crucial role, it rapidly absorbs arc energy and efficiently cools and adsorbs it. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional grid-like constraint structure composed of the fixing strip 14 and the limiting groove 15 effectively suppresses the displacement, swaying, or entanglement of molten remnants under the strong electromagnetic force of the arc, fundamentally eliminating the risk of arc reignition caused by molten material movement. This ensures that the arc is reliably and completely extinguished by the arc-extinguishing effect of the quartz sand 17. At the moment of melting, the impactor 19 built into the second contact 18 is triggered by heat and produces a mechanical ejection action, which can be linked to the external tripping or opening mechanism, providing crucial secondary power-off protection for the system. The huge electrodynamic impact and internal... The sudden increase in air pressure is borne by the high-strength ceramic outer cylinder 11, which is completely covered by a protective cover consisting of a lower support arc plate 28 and an upper cover arc plate 29. The two are quickly engaged by the quick-release tab 33 of the upper connecting strip 31 precisely inserted into the quick-release groove 32 of the lower support strip 30. The inverted spring tabs 34 symmetrically installed on the quick-release tab 33 are tightly fitted and locked to the lower end face of the lower support strip 30, forming a stable protective barrier. This effectively restrains the potential risk of fuse tube rupture and blocks the splashing of high-temperature fragments or gas. The mechanical stress borne by the entire fuse is efficiently distributed and transferred to the support base 25 and the fixed base plate 1 through the rigid truss structure jointly constructed by the support vertical plate 26 and multiple reinforcing inclined plates 27. This ensures the stability of the overall structure. Meanwhile, the insulators 20, symmetrically installed on the fixed base plate 1, reliably maintain the electrical insulation safety distance between the high-voltage part and the ground. The elastic side baffles 23, symmetrically arranged inside the fixed frame 21, continuously provide lateral restraint force, effectively suppressing contact vibration and displacement that may be caused by equipment operation or short-circuit impact. Finally, through the above-mentioned comprehensive collaborative design from precise positioning of the fuse element, rapid arc extinguishing, mechanical stress dispersion, electrical insulation protection to external protection constraints, the fuse can reliably and quickly disconnect and effectively limit short-circuit fault currents of tens of thousands of amperes under the DC voltage of up to 1500V in the new energy system.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines, comprising a fixed base plate (1), characterized in that, A support and protection mechanism is provided on the fixed base plate (1), and a ceramic outer cylinder (11) is provided on the support and protection mechanism. A first contact (12) is installed on the surface of the ceramic outer cylinder (11). A fixed column (13) is installed inside the ceramic outer cylinder (11). Multiple fixed strips (14) are installed at equal intervals on the surface of the fixed column (13). Multiple limiting grooves (15) are opened on the surface of the fixed strips (14). A narrow-necked melt (16) is wound around the outside of the fixed column (13). The narrow-necked melt (16) is inserted into the inside of the limiting groove (15). The inside of the ceramic outer cylinder (11) is filled with quartz sand (17). A limiting mechanism is provided on the fixed base plate (1).

2. The 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second contact (18) is installed at the end of the ceramic outer cylinder (11) away from the first contact (12), and an impactor (19) is installed inside the second contact (18).

3. The 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism is used to limit the position of the fuse. The limiting mechanism includes an insulating component and a clamping component. The insulating component is used to maintain high voltage insulation to ground, and the clamping component is used to limit the position of the fuse.

4. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The insulation assembly includes insulators (20) symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the fixed base plate (1) and a fixed frame (21) mounted on the upper end of the insulators (20).

5. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes elastic clips (22) symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame (21), with the first contact (12) and the second contact (18) both inserted between the two elastic clips (22). Elastic side baffles (23) are symmetrically installed inside the fixed frame (21), and connecting pieces (24) are installed on the surface of the fixed frame (21).

6. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The support and protection mechanism is used to protect the fuse. The support and protection mechanism includes a support component and a protection component. The support component is used to support the protection component, and the protection component is used to protect the fuse.

7. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a support base (25) mounted on the upper end of a fixed base plate (1), support vertical plates (26) symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the support base (25), and multiple reinforcing inclined plates (27) mounted between the two support vertical plates (26).

8. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The protective assembly includes a lower support arc plate (28) installed on the upper end of the support vertical plate (26) and an upper cover arc plate (29) installed on the upper end of the lower support arc plate (28), with the ceramic outer cylinder (11) inserted into the interior of the lower support arc plate (28) and the upper cover arc plate (29).

9. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lower support plate (28) is symmetrically equipped with a lower support strip (30) at the upper end, and the upper cover plate (29) is symmetrically equipped with an upper connecting strip (31) at the lower end. The surface of the lower support strip (30) is provided with multiple quick-release grooves (32) at equal intervals. The lower end of the upper connecting strip (31) is provided with multiple quick-release pieces (33) at equal intervals. The quick-release pieces (33) are inserted into the quick-release grooves (32).

10. A 1500V high breaking capacity current-limiting fuse for new energy lines as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The surface of the quick-release piece (33) is symmetrically fitted with inverted spring pieces (34), the upper end of which is in contact with the lower end of the lower support strip (30).

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