Numerically controlled spiral bevel gear multi-axis milling device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and provides a numerical control spiral bevel gear multi-shaft milling device which comprises a workbench and a mounting frame; the mounting frame is installed on one side of the workbench; a collecting groove is installed on one side of the mounting frame; and an auxiliary structure is arranged in the workbench; the auxiliary structure comprises a lead screw, the lead screw is installed in the workbench, a lead sleeve is installed on the outer side of the lead screw, a guide groove is arranged in the inside of one end of the workbench, a connecting block is installed in the inside of the guide groove, one side of the connecting block is fixed to one side of the lead sleeve, and a rack is installed on one side of the connecting block. The auxiliary structure is arranged, the lead screw reverse power is matched with the rack, the gear and the worm and the worm gear to realize intermittent indexing machining of workpieces, the workpiece is locked and cannot move during machining, cutting vibration and stress deflection can be avoided, the indexing angle is accurately controllable, error accumulation is eliminated, the machining angles of all teeth are consistent, and the pitch and the profile precision of the bevel gear are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears. Background Technology

[0002] The intelligent manufacturing equipment industry is constantly innovating. Spiral bevel gears, as core components for power transmission between intersecting or staggered shafts in the field of mechanical transmission, are widely used in automobile rear axles and new energy vehicles. Spiral bevel gears belong to the precision machining of gears. The tooth surface accuracy and tooth pitch consistency directly determine the transmission efficiency, operating stability and equipment service life. As industrial equipment develops towards high precision and high reliability, higher requirements are placed on the machining accuracy of spiral bevel gears. There are two main methods for milling CNC spiral bevel gears: continuous milling and intermittent indexing milling. While continuous milling can theoretically improve machining efficiency, it is limited by the complex spatial curved surface of the spiral bevel gear tooth surface. Unlike cylindrical spur gears, it cannot achieve continuous generating machining through hobbing. Furthermore, during continuous milling, the cutting force continuously impacts the workpiece, which can easily cause workpiece vibration and lead to slight rotational deviations. This results in accumulated pitch and angular deviations, making it impossible to guarantee tooth surface accuracy. Therefore, a multi-axis milling device for CNC spiral bevel gears is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC spiral bevel gear multi-axis milling device to solve the defects of existing CNC spiral bevel gear milling devices in continuous milling, where the cutting force impacts the workpiece continuously, easily causing workpiece vibration, resulting in slight rotational deviation of the workpiece, and thus accumulating tooth pitch error and angular deviation, making it impossible to guarantee tooth surface accuracy.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a CNC spiral bevel gear multi-axis milling device, comprising a worktable and a mounting frame; a mounting frame is installed on one side of the worktable, a collection groove is installed on one side of the mounting frame, and an auxiliary structure is provided inside the worktable; The auxiliary structure includes a lead screw installed inside the worktable. A threaded sleeve is installed on the outer side of the lead screw. A guide groove is formed inside one end of the worktable, and a connecting block is installed inside the guide groove. One side of the connecting block is fixed to one side of the threaded sleeve. A rack is installed on one side of the connecting block, and a fixing strip is installed at one end of the rack. A second gear is installed at the top of the mounting bracket. A first gear is installed on one side of the second gear. A ratchet is installed on one side of the first gear. A worm is installed at the top of the ratchet. A worm wheel is installed on one side of the worm. A three-jaw chuck is installed at one end of the worm wheel. A limit sleeve is installed at the front end of the three-jaw chuck, and a workpiece is installed inside the limit sleeve.

[0005] Preferably, a first gas storage component is installed on one side of the top of the workbench, a connecting frame is installed on one side of the piston head inside the first gas storage component, one end of the connecting frame is connected to the top of the rack, and a second gas storage component is installed on one side of the mounting frame, one end of the piston head inside the second gas storage component is connected to one side of the fixing bar.

[0006] Preferably, a moving component is installed at the top of the threaded sleeve, a rotating component is installed at the top of the moving component, a driving component is installed at the top of the rotating component, a cutting disc is installed at one end of the driving component, a first annular tube is provided on the outer side of the cutting disc, one side of the first annular tube is fixed to the outer side of the driving component, a cooling pipe is provided on the other side of the first annular tube, and one end of the first gas storage component is connected to one side of the first annular tube through a pipe.

[0007] Preferably, a support frame is installed on one side inside the mounting frame, and a gas storage tank is installed on the top of the support frame. One end of the second gas storage component is connected to one side of the gas storage tank through a pipe, and a connecting pipe is installed on the top of the gas storage tank.

[0008] Preferably, a second annular tube is installed on the outer side of the three-jaw chuck, a cleaning tube is installed at the front end of the second annular tube, the rear end of the second annular tube is fixed to one side of the mounting frame, and a pressing plate is installed on one side of the jaws inside the three-jaw chuck.

[0009] Preferably, an installation valve is installed at the front end of the second annular tube, the front end of the installation valve is connected to the connecting pipe, a piston is installed inside the installation valve, a compression head is installed at the bottom end of the piston, and a spring is installed at the top end of the piston.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the extrusion head is attached to the outer side of the extrusion plate, and the extrusion head and the extrusion plate form a telescopic structure.

[0011] Preferably, one side of the rack is provided with a plurality of teeth, which mesh with the second gear.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the workpiece is inserted into the interior of the limiting sleeve, and the workpiece and the limiting sleeve form an insertion limiting structure.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of cleaning tubes are provided, and the plurality of cleaning tubes are arranged in a ring on one side of the second annular tube.

[0014] The present invention provides a CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears, which has the following advantages: By incorporating an auxiliary structure, the workpiece is intermittently indexed using a lead screw reversing power in conjunction with a rack, gear, and worm gear. During processing, the workpiece is locked in place, which avoids cutting vibration and force deflection. The indexing angle is precise and controllable, eliminating error accumulation and ensuring consistent processing angles for each tooth, thus significantly improving the pitch and profile accuracy of bevel gears.

[0015] Furthermore, by using large and small gear reduction transmission, the high-speed displacement of the rack is converted into the low-speed rotation of the worm gear, avoiding workpiece overshoot. With a fixed transmission ratio, the machining angle of a single tooth can be precisely matched. Pure mechanical hard linkage does not require electrical control signals, and the structure is stable and reliable with synchronous response and no delay.

[0016] Furthermore, by using the reciprocating motion of the rack to synchronously drive the air storage component to spray air, the milling cutter is cooled and worn down in real time, while removing impurities from the cutting edge, avoiding uneven force on the milling cutter, tooth surface scratches or machining defects, and improving tool life and machining surface quality.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas storage tank, in conjunction with the three-jaw chuck linkage valve assembly structure, automatically stores gas during the processing. After the workpiece is processed, the gas path is automatically opened as the chuck resets, and the workpiece surface is thoroughly blown through the annularly distributed cleaning pipes, simultaneously removing iron filings and residual coolant. No manual secondary cleaning is required, reducing auxiliary process time and improving overall processing efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the moving and rotating components enable multi-axis adjustment of the cutting disc position and angle to meet the requirements of complex surface milling of spiral bevel gears; the dual positioning of the limit sleeve and the three-jaw chuck ensures secure workpiece clamping and precise positioning, making the machining of spiral bevel gears more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention, shown in a partial cross-section. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention viewed from below; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary structure of the present invention, viewed from the front and in cross-section. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary structure of the present invention, viewed from below. Figure 6 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting bracket of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting bracket of the present invention, viewed from the front and in cross-section. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting bracket of the present invention, viewed from below. Figure 9 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the three-jaw chuck of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of the three-jaw chuck of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second annular tube of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion plate of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the installation valve of the present invention, viewed from the front.

[0020] The reference numerals in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Worktable; 2. Moving component; 3. Auxiliary structure; 301. First gas storage component; 302. Threaded sleeve; 303. Lead screw; 304. Rack; 305. Connecting frame; 306. Connecting block; 307. Guide groove; 308. Gas storage tank; 309. Second gas storage component; 3010. First annular pipe; 3011. Cooling pipe; 3012. Three-jaw chuck; 3013. Limiting sleeve; 3014. Workpiece; 3015. Second... 3016. Ring tube; 3017. Ratchet; 3018. First gear; 3019. Second gear; 3020. Fixing bar; 3021. Connecting tube; 3022. Worm gear; 3023. Cleaning tube; 3024. Support frame; 3025. Extrusion plate; 3026. Mounting valve; 3027. Piston; 3028. Extrusion head; 3029. Spring; 4. Mounting bracket; 5. Collection trough; 6. Cutting disc; 7. Rotating assembly; 8. Drive assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-13 The present invention provides a CNC spiral bevel gear multi-axis milling device, including a worktable 1 and a mounting frame 4; A mounting bracket 4 is installed on one side of the workbench 1, and a collection trough 5 is installed on one side of the mounting bracket 4. An auxiliary structure 3 is provided inside the workbench 1.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-13 As shown, the auxiliary structure 3 includes a lead screw 303, which is installed inside the worktable 1. A threaded sleeve 302 is installed on the outside of the lead screw 303. A guide groove 307 is opened inside one end of the worktable 1. A connecting block 306 is installed inside the guide groove 307. One side of the connecting block 306 is fixed to one side of the threaded sleeve 302. A rack 304 is installed on one side of the connecting block 306. A fixing strip 3019 is installed at one end of the rack 304. The top of the mounting bracket 4 is equipped with... The second gear 3018 is mounted on one side of the second gear 3018. The first gear 3017 is mounted on one side of the first gear 3017. The ratchet 3016 is mounted on the top of the ratchet 3016. The worm gear 3021 is mounted on one side of the worm gear 3021. The worm wheel 3022 is mounted on one end of the worm wheel 3022. The three-jaw chuck 3012 is mounted on the front end of the three-jaw chuck 3012. The workpiece 3014 is mounted inside the three-jaw chuck 3013. A first gas storage component 301 is installed on one side of the top of the workbench 1. A connecting bracket 305 is installed on one side of the piston head inside the first gas storage component 301. One end of the connecting bracket 305 is connected to the top of the rack 304. A second gas storage component 309 is installed on one side of the mounting bracket 4. One end of the piston head inside the second gas storage component 309 is connected to one side of the fixing strip 3019. A movable component 2 is installed at the top of the threaded sleeve 302, a rotating component 7 is installed at the top of the movable component 2, a driving component 8 is installed at the top of the rotating component 7, a cutting disc 6 is installed at one end of the driving component 8, a first annular tube 3010 is provided on the outside of the cutting disc 6, one side of the first annular tube 3010 is fixed to the outside of the driving component 8, a cooling pipe 3011 is provided on the other side of the first annular tube 3010, and one end of the first air storage component 301 is connected to one side of the first annular tube 3010 through a pipe. A support frame 3024 is installed on one side inside the mounting frame 4. A gas storage tank 308 is installed on the top of the support frame 3024. One end of the second gas storage component 309 is connected to one side of the gas storage tank 308 through a pipe. A connecting pipe 3020 is installed on the top of the gas storage tank 308. A second annular tube 3015 is installed on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 3012. A cleaning tube 3023 is installed at the front end of the second annular tube 3015. The rear end of the second annular tube 3015 is fixed to one side of the mounting frame 4. A pressing plate 3025 is installed on one side of the jaw inside the three-jaw chuck 3012. An installation valve 3026 is installed at the front end of the second annular pipe 3015. The front end of the installation valve 3026 is connected to the connecting pipe 3020. A piston 3027 is installed inside the installation valve 3026. A compression head 3028 is installed at the bottom end of the piston 3027. A spring 3029 is installed at the top end of the piston 3027. The bottom end of the extrusion head 3028 is attached to the outside of the extrusion plate 3025, and the extrusion head 3028 and the extrusion plate 3025 form a telescopic structure. A number of teeth are provided on one side of the rack 304, and the teeth mesh with the second gear 3018. One end of the workpiece 3014 is inserted into the interior of the limiting sleeve 3013, and the workpiece 3014 and the limiting sleeve 3013 form an insertion limiting structure. A number of cleaning tubes 3023 are provided, and the cleaning tubes 3023 are distributed in a ring on one side of the second annular tube 3015.

[0024] When performing tooth milling on workpiece 3014, workpiece 3014 is inserted into the limiting sleeve 3013. After insertion, the operator operates the three-jaw chuck 3012 with tools to fix one end of workpiece 3014 with the jaws inside the three-jaw chuck 3012, thereby completing the clamping work of workpiece 3014. After workpiece 3014 is clamped, the external power supply starts the motor, driving the lead screw 303 to rotate. During rotation, the lead screw 303, in conjunction with the lead sleeve 302, moves the moving assembly 2 to one side, allowing the cutting disc 6 at the top of the moving assembly 2 to machine workpiece 3014. The moving assembly 2 allows for fine-tuning of the cutting disc 6's position through the internal screw and lead sleeve, and the rotating assembly 7 allows for adjustment of the cutting disc 6's angle through the internal worm gear, thus achieving multi-axis operation during milling of workpiece 3014. During movement, the lead sleeve 302 drives the rack via the connecting block 306. 304 moves to one side. During this movement, rack 304 drives the second gear 3018 to rotate via the teeth on one side. The second gear 3018, through its engagement with the first gear 3017, drives the ratchet 3016 to rotate freely. When the cutting disc 6 contacts the workpiece 3014, the rotating cutting disc 6 performs tooth machining on the surface of the workpiece 3014 using the milling cutter. During machining, external coolant is used for cooling. After one tooth of the workpiece 3014 is machined, the lead screw 303 reverses, causing the cutting disc 6 to retract. When the lead screw 303 reverses, it drives rack 304 to move back. At this time, rack 304 passes through the second gear... The engagement of gear 3018 and the first gear 3017 drives the ratchet 3016 to rotate. The rotation of the ratchet 3016 drives the worm 3021 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 3022. The use of the second gear 3018 and the first gear 3017 reduces speed, converting the high rotational speed to the low speed required by the worm 3021, preventing excessive speed from causing overshoot in the workpiece 3014. By controlling the number of teeth on one side of the rack 304 and the rotational ratio between the second gear 3018, the first gear 3017, and the ratchet 3016, the rotation of the worm wheel 3022 driven by the worm 3021 is controlled. The indexing of the rotation allows the worm gear 3022 to drive the workpiece 3014 to rotate a certain number of increments via the three-jaw chuck 3012 when the cutting disc 6 is retracting. This rotation increment is exactly the angle for machining the next tooth of the workpiece 3014. This enables the workpiece 3014 to be rotated using the retracting power of the lead screw 303, thereby achieving intermittent machining of the teeth of the workpiece 3014. Intermittent machining allows the workpiece 3014 to be locked during the machining of a single tooth, avoiding angle deviation caused by cutting force, ensuring machining accuracy, and precisely controlling the indexing angle to avoid the accumulation of errors in continuous machining. This ensures that the machining angle of each tooth is consistent, resulting in higher precision when machining teeth. Whenever the rack 304 moves to one side, it drives the piston head inside the first air storage assembly 301 to move through the connecting bracket 305. When the piston head is pulled back, the one-way valve at the top of the first air storage assembly 301 opens and the one-way valve at one end of the first air storage assembly 301 closes, drawing air into the interior of the first air storage assembly 301. When the rack 304 moves back, the two one-way valves open and close in opposite directions, thereby injecting the air inside the first air storage assembly 301 into the interior of the first annular pipe 3010 through the pipe, and then spraying it out through the cooling pipe 3011 to cool the milling cutter on one side of the cutting disc 6, thereby quickly removing the heat generated by milling, preventing the milling cutter from wearing due to high temperature, and also blowing away the impurities remaining on the surface of the milling cutter, preventing uneven force on the milling cutter during cutting due to the residue of impurities, and not affecting the quality of machining the workpiece 3014.

[0025] When the rack 304 reciprocates, it also drives the piston head inside the second gas storage assembly 309 to move. Its working principle is the same as that of the first gas storage assembly 301. The gas generated by the second gas storage assembly 309 is injected into the gas storage tank 308. The gas inside the gas storage tank 308 is injected into the second annular pipe 3015 through the connecting pipe 3020. When the three-jaw chuck 3012 drives the jaws to clamp the workpiece 3014, it will drive the extrusion plate 3025 to move, thereby causing the extrusion plate 3025 to lose the extrusion head 3028. The spring 3029 is initially stretched. When the extrusion head 3028 loses the extrusion, the spring 3029 will push the piston 3027 downward according to its automatic characteristics. The piston 3027 blocks the passage inside the mounting valve 3026, preventing the gas inside the air tank 308 from escaping and thus storing it. When the workpiece 3014 is finished and the jaws inside the three-jaw chuck 3012 return to their original positions, the jaws will push up the extrusion head 3028 through the extrusion plate 3025, indirectly pushing up the piston 3027 and opening the passage inside the mounting valve 3026. This allows the air inside the air tank 308 to be sprayed out through the cleaning pipe 3023, cleaning the impurities and coolant on the surface of the workpiece 3014 together. This eliminates the need for manual cleaning of the surface of the workpiece 3014, saving cleaning time and improving work efficiency, thus ultimately completing the milling work of the CNC spiral bevel gear.

[0026] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears, comprising a worktable (1) and a mounting bracket (4); Its features are: A mounting bracket (4) is installed on one side of the workbench (1), a collection trough (5) is installed on one side of the mounting bracket (4), and an auxiliary structure (3) is provided inside the workbench (1). The auxiliary structure (3) includes a lead screw (303), which is installed inside the workbench (1). A threaded sleeve (302) is installed on the outside of the lead screw (303). A guide groove (307) is provided inside one end of the workbench (1). A connecting block (306) is installed inside the guide groove (307). One side of the connecting block (306) is fixed to one side of the threaded sleeve (302). A rack (304) is installed on one side of the connecting block (306). A fixing strip (3019) is installed at one end of the rack (304). The top of the mounting bracket (4) A second gear (3018) is installed, a first gear (3017) is installed on one side of the second gear (3018), a ratchet (3016) is installed on one side of the first gear (3017), a worm (3021) is installed at the top of the ratchet (3016), a worm wheel (3022) is installed on one side of the worm (3021), a three-jaw chuck (3012) is installed at one end of the worm wheel (3022), a limit sleeve (3013) is installed at the front end of the three-jaw chuck (3012), and a workpiece (3014) is installed inside the limit sleeve (3013).

2. The CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first gas storage component (301) is installed on one side of the top of the workbench (1). A connecting frame (305) is installed on one side of the piston head inside the first gas storage component (301). One end of the connecting frame (305) is connected to the top of the rack (304). A second gas storage component (309) is installed on one side of the mounting frame (4). One end of the piston head inside the second gas storage component (309) is connected to one side of the fixing strip (3019).

3. The CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: A moving component (2) is installed at the top of the thread sleeve (302), a rotating component (7) is installed at the top of the moving component (2), a driving component (8) is installed at the top of the rotating component (7), a cutting disc (6) is installed at one end of the driving component (8), a first annular tube (3010) is provided on the outside of the cutting disc (6), one side of the first annular tube (3010) is fixed to the outside of the driving component (8), a cooling pipe (3011) is provided on the other side of the first annular tube (3010), and one end of the first gas storage component (301) is connected to one side of the first annular tube (3010) through a pipe.

4. The CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support frame (3024) is installed on one side inside the mounting frame (4). A gas storage tank (308) is installed on the top of the support frame (3024). One end of the second gas storage component (309) is connected to one side of the gas storage tank (308) through a pipe. A connecting pipe (3020) is installed on the top of the gas storage tank (308).

5. The CNC multi-axis milling device for spiral bevel gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the three-jaw chuck (3012) is equipped with a second annular tube (3015), the front end of the second annular tube (3015) is equipped with a cleaning tube (3023), the rear end of the second annular tube (3015) is fixed to one side of the mounting frame (4), and a pressing plate (3025) is installed on one side of the jaw inside the three-jaw chuck (3012).

6. A multi-axis CNC spiral bevel gear milling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An installation valve (3026) is installed at the front end of the second annular tube (3015). The front end of the installation valve (3026) is connected to the connecting pipe (3020). A piston (3027) is installed inside the installation valve (3026). A compression head (3028) is installed at the bottom end of the piston (3027). A spring (3029) is installed at the top end of the piston (3027).

7. A multi-axis CNC spiral bevel gear milling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the extrusion head (3028) is attached to the outside of the extrusion plate (3025), and the extrusion head (3028) and the extrusion plate (3025) form a telescopic structure.

8. A multi-axis CNC spiral bevel gear milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (304) has several teeth on one side, and these teeth mesh with the second gear (3018).

9. A multi-axis CNC spiral bevel gear milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the workpiece (3014) is inserted into the interior of the limiting sleeve (3013), and the workpiece (3014) and the limiting sleeve (3013) form an insertion limiting structure.

10. A multi-axis CNC spiral bevel gear milling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning tube (3023) is provided in a plurality of units, which are arranged in a ring on one side of the second annular tube (3015).

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