A super large copper retainer forming device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cage processing, and discloses a super-large copper cage forming device and method, the forming device comprising a drilling and milling machine tool, the drilling and milling machine tool comprising a processing cutter and a workbench; a pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit comprising an adjusting assembly and at least one set of drilling assemblies arranged on the adjusting assembly; when the bearing cage is subjected to drilling and milling processing, the bearing cage is first subjected to preliminary drilling by the drilling assemblies, and then subjected to hole expansion processing by the processing cutter. The present application adopts a hierarchical processing strategy of preliminary drilling and then hole expansion, and the preliminary drilling is first performed by the drilling assemblies of the pretreatment unit, so that the subsequent processing cutter does not need to bear a large centering load and cutting force when expanding the hole, thereby significantly reducing plastic deformation and thermal deformation caused by impact load and heat concentration, effectively inhibiting problems such as hole diameter deviation and roundness deviation, and ensuring processing precision and hole wall quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cage processing technology, and more specifically, to an apparatus and method for forming extra-large copper cages. Background Technology

[0002] Copper cages, especially those designed for extra-large bearings, are widely used as core load-bearing components in high-end fields such as heavy machinery, aerospace, and metallurgical equipment. Their core function is to precisely guide the movement of the bearing's rolling elements, ensuring stable operation under high-speed, heavy-load conditions. Therefore, the machining precision of the copper cage directly determines the service life, load limit, and operational stability of extra-large bearings. The core manufacturing challenges lie in the precise control of bore machining accuracy, dimensional stability, and surface quality.

[0003] However, copper itself has excellent ductility and thermal conductivity, making it prone to plastic deformation under cutting forces during machining. At the same time, the rapidly conducted cutting heat can easily cause localized thermal deformation. Furthermore, extra-large copper cages, due to their large outer diameter and relatively weak overall structural rigidity, are more susceptible to machining defects if subjected to large single cutting forces or concentrated cutting heat during machining. These defects manifest as hole wall collapse, elliptical hole diameter, out-of-tolerance roundness, and deviation of the end face perpendicularity to the axis, which seriously affect the accuracy of the hole system fit.

[0004] In existing technologies, the machining of the hole system in extra-large copper cages mostly adopts a process mode of directly machining the target large hole on a single machine tool. This direct machining of large holes requires withstanding concentrated cutting forces. Combined with the poor rigidity of extra-large copper cages and the high ductility of copper, this easily leads to structural defects such as circumferential elliptical deformation of the workpiece and excessive perpendicularity deviation of the end face to the axis. Furthermore, copper has a high thermal conductivity, and cutting heat accumulates rapidly during direct machining, causing localized softening of the workpiece material, further amplifying machining deformation. Ultimately, the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances of the hole system cannot meet the assembly technology requirements of extra-large bearings, and it cannot adapt to the high-precision requirements of core components in high-end equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an apparatus and method for forming extra-large copper cages, solving the technical problems of large processing deformation, low chip removal and cooling efficiency in related technologies.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides an extra-large copper cage forming apparatus, comprising: A drilling and milling machine tool, the drilling and milling machine tool including machining tools and a worktable; The support unit includes a first connecting seat mounted on a workbench, a first support platform on the first connecting seat, and a second support platform on the first support platform; A bearing cage, which is clamped on a second support platform; The preprocessing unit includes an adjustment component and at least one set of drilling components disposed on the adjustment component; When the bearing cage is drilled and milled, the bearing cage is first pre-drilled using a drilling assembly, and then the bearing cage is enlarged using a machining tool.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, a connecting shaft is connected to the bearing on the first support platform, and a driven gear is installed on the connecting shaft. A driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. A first motor is installed on the first support platform, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear. The driven gear is fixedly connected to the second support platform. Two sets of first hydraulic cylinders are installed on the first connecting seat, and the extension and retraction ends of the first hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the first support platform.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a fixed frame mounted on a workbench, a screw connected to the fixed frame by a bearing, a threaded sleeve engaged with the screw, a connecting plate mounted on the threaded sleeve, and a rotary table provided on the connecting plate. The drilling component is disposed on the rotary table, and a second motor is mounted on the workbench, with the output shaft of the second motor fixedly connected to the screw.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the drilling assembly includes a loading frame disposed on a rotary table, a third motor is mounted on the loading frame, and a splined shaft is mounted on the output shaft of the third motor. A rotating shaft is slidably connected to the outside of the splined shaft, and a mounting seat is mounted on the rotating shaft. A pre-drilling tool is assembled and connected on the mounting seat.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the loading frame is also provided with a sliding frame, and a connecting sleeve is installed on the sliding frame. The connecting sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft bearing. A second hydraulic cylinder is installed on the loading frame, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding frame.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, a chip removal unit is provided on the side of the workbench opposite to the bearing unit. The chip removal unit includes a second connecting seat installed on the workbench. A baffle is provided on the side of the second connecting seat near the second bearing platform. Two sets of third hydraulic cylinders are installed on the second connecting seat, and the telescopic ends of the third hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the baffle. A connecting pipe is installed on the baffle.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the bearing connection on the baffle is a limiting ring, and the limiting ring has a groove adapted to the bearing cage on the side near the bearing cage.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, a guide plate is installed on the side of the baffle near the bearing cage, and the guide plate is arranged in a V-shape.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, a connecting frame is assembled and connected on the baffle, and a cooling component is assembled and connected on the connecting frame.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for forming an extra-large copper cage, using the extra-large copper cage forming apparatus described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Install extra-large copper bearing cages on the bearing unit; S2. Preliminary drilling is performed on the clamped extra-large copper bearing cage through the pre-processing unit; S3. After the initial drilling is completed, the extra-large copper bearing cage after the initial drilling is moved to the bottom of the machining tool of the drilling and milling machine, and the hole is enlarged by the machining tool of the drilling and milling machine. S4. In the preliminary drilling and reaming steps, the chip removal unit removes chips and cools the processing area; and the low-temperature directional airflow generated by the cooling unit and negative pressure field removes chips and cools the processing area.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention employs a staged machining strategy of pre-drilling followed by reaming. Pre-drilling is performed first by the drilling assembly in the pre-treatment unit, so that the subsequent machining tool does not need to bear a large centering load and cutting force during reaming. This is particularly beneficial for extra-large copper cages, significantly reducing plastic and thermal deformation caused by impact loads and concentrated heat, effectively suppressing problems such as hole diameter deviation and roundness deviation, and ensuring machining accuracy and hole wall quality. Furthermore, through the V-shaped guide plate and connecting pipe on the retractable baffle, and the combination of the cooling component and the suction air path, the directional airflow generated by the negative pressure field can forcibly suck out suspended debris from inside the hole and around the tool. While the negative pressure attracts external air, it can also pre-cool the air, forming a low-temperature airflow that directly acts on the cutting area, thereby preventing softening deformation of the copper and the formation of built-up edge. At the same time, it improves the cooling and lubrication effect of the cutting fluid and extends tool life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing unit, bearing cage, and chip removal unit of the present invention; Figure 5This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the preprocessing unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the drilling assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the chip removal unit of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 100, Drilling and milling machine; 101, Machine base; 102, Column; 103, Machine head; 104, Machining tool; 105, Worktable; 200, Bearing unit; 201, First connecting seat; 202, First bearing platform; 203, Connecting shaft; 204, Driven gear; 205, Driving gear; 206, First motor; 207, First hydraulic cylinder; 208, Dust cover; 209, Second bearing platform; 210, Positioning column; 211, Chuck; 212, Fastening bolt; 300, Bearing cage; 400, Pre-processing unit; 410, Adjustment assembly; 411, Fixing frame. ; 412, Screw; 413, Screw sleeve; 414, Connecting plate; 415, Second motor; 416, Rotary table; 420, Drilling assembly; 421, Loading frame; 422, Third motor; 423, Splined shaft; 424, Rotating shaft; 425, Mounting base; 426, Pre-drilling tool; 427, Sliding frame; 428, Connecting sleeve; 429, Second hydraulic cylinder; 500, Chip removal unit; 501, Second connecting seat; 502, Baffle; 503, Third hydraulic cylinder; 504, Limiting ring; 505, Guide plate; 506, Connecting pipe; 507, Connecting frame; 508, Refrigeration component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0020] Example 1: According to the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides an extra-large copper cage forming device, including a drilling and milling machine 100, a bearing unit 200, a bearing cage 300, and a pretreatment unit 400.

[0021] The drilling and milling machine tool 100 includes a base 101, on which a column 102 is mounted. The column 102 is a vertical structure that supports the head 103. The head 103 is mounted on the column 102 and contains a spindle and a tool drive mechanism. The column 102 and the head 103 are connected by a Z-axis drive mechanism, which is responsible for the feed motion of the head 103 in the vertical direction, thereby controlling the depth of cut of the machining tool 104.

[0022] A machining tool 104 is connected to the head 103. The machining tool 104 is the main tool used to enlarge the bearing cage 300.

[0023] The machine base 101 is also equipped with a worktable 105. The machine base 101 and the worktable 105 are connected by an XY axis drive mechanism. This mechanism is responsible for moving the worktable 105 in the X and Y axis directions of the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the positioning and feeding of the workpiece.

[0024] According to the appendix Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the bearing unit 200 is used to support and precisely position the bearing cage 300.

[0025] Specifically, the support unit 200 includes a first connecting seat 201 mounted on the worktable 105. The first connecting seat 201 is a support base for the support unit 200. A first support platform 202 is vertically arranged on the first connecting seat 201. The first support platform 202 can perform specific movements to adapt to different workpieces. A second support platform 209 is arranged on the first support platform 202. The second support platform 209 is a working platform that directly supports the bearing cage 300. The bearing cage 300 is fixed on the second support platform 209 by a precise clamping method.

[0026] According to the appendix Figure 6 As shown, the pre-processing unit 400 is one of the core innovations of this invention, used to perform preliminary drilling on the bearing cage 300 before the main tool is processed.

[0027] The pre-processing unit 400 includes an adjustment component 410 and at least one set of drilling components 420 disposed on the adjustment component 410. The function of the drilling components 420 is to pre-drill holes on the bearing cage 300 to form smaller pre-holes.

[0028] The key to the workflow of this invention is that when the bearing cage 300 is subjected to drilling and milling, the bearing cage 300 is first pre-drilled by the drilling assembly 420 of the pre-processing unit 400 to form a pre-hole.

[0029] Subsequently, the pre-holes on the bearing cage 300 are enlarged using the machining tool 104 of the drilling and milling machine 100.

[0030] This step-by-step machining strategy effectively suppresses the deformation of the extra-large copper bearing cage 300 during machining by reducing the allowance and cutting force of each cut, thereby improving machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 5 As shown, a connecting shaft 203 is connected to a bearing on the first support platform 202. A driven gear 204 is installed on the connecting shaft 203. The driven gear 204 is meshed with a driving gear 205. A first motor 206 is installed on the first support platform 202, and the output shaft of the first motor 206 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 205 to provide power for the rotation of the support unit 200.

[0032] Driven gear 204 is fixedly connected to second support platform 209, thereby enabling first motor 206 to drive driven gear 204, which in turn drives second support platform 209 and bearing cage 300 clamped thereto to rotate. The gear transmission mechanism ensures rotational stability and positioning accuracy, enabling accurate machining of circumferentially distributed holes.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, two sets of first hydraulic cylinders 207 are installed on the first connecting seat 201. The telescopic ends of the first hydraulic cylinders 207 are fixedly connected to the first support platform 202. By controlling the telescopic movement of the first hydraulic cylinders 207, the first support platform 202 can be driven to move in the horizontal direction. The support unit 200 can adapt to the processing requirements of bearing cages 300 of different thicknesses and can center the position of the opening on the circumferential surface of the bearing cage 300, thereby improving the processing flexibility.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, a dust cover 208 is provided at the connection between the driven gear 204 and the driving gear 205, and the dust cover 208 is mounted on the first support platform 202. The dust cover 208 can effectively prevent chips, dust and cutting fluid generated during the machining process from entering the gear meshing area, thereby protecting the gear from contamination and wear, extending the service life of the transmission mechanism, and ensuring transmission accuracy.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, a positioning post 210 is mounted on the second support platform 209, providing a preliminary positioning reference. A chuck 211 is provided on the positioning post 210, with a through-hole that slides to fit the positioning post 210. The positioning post 210 and the through-hole are slidably connected. This allows the chuck 211 to be easily assembled onto the second support platform 209, and preliminary coaxial alignment is achieved through the positioning post 210.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 5As shown, the chuck 211 has multiple sets of openings arranged in a ring around the through-hole. The second support platform 209 has screw holes corresponding to the positions of these openings. Fastening bolts 212 are installed within these openings, and the bolts 212 pass through the openings and are threaded into the screw holes on the second support platform 209. This allows the bearing cage 300 to be uniformly tightened circumferentially by the multiple sets of fastening bolts 212 on the chuck 211. This uniform tightening effectively prevents localized deformation of large workpieces caused by single-point stress, thus ensuring the stability of the clamping and the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 5 As shown, the centers of the second bearing platform 209, the positioning column 210 and the chuck 211 are on the same center line. The coaxial design ensures that the workpiece axis is highly coincident with the machining datum line, realizing preliminary accurate centering, which is an important prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of subsequent machining.

[0038] During operation, the chuck 211 is slidably assembled onto the second support platform 209, and is slidably connected to the through port via the positioning pin 210. The chuck 211 is then uniformly tightened circumferentially using the ring-shaped fastening bolts 212 to prevent local deformation of extra-large workpieces due to single-point force, and to ensure that the centers of the second support platform 209, the positioning pin 210, and the chuck 211 are coaxial, thereby ensuring that the workpiece axis coincides with the machining datum line and achieving initial centering.

[0039] Subsequently, the extra-large copper bearing cage 300 is placed on the chuck 211 of the second bearing platform 209 to complete the precise positioning of the workpiece.

[0040] After positioning is completed, the first hydraulic cylinder 207 is activated to drive the first support platform 202 to move in the left and right directions to adapt to the processing requirements of bearing cages 300 of different thicknesses.

[0041] Meanwhile, the first hydraulic cylinder 207 can also locate the center of the opening on the circumferential surface of the bearing cage 300.

[0042] When machining circumferential holes, the first motor 206 is started, and the second support platform 209 and the bearing cage 300 mounted on it are rotated through the meshing transmission of the drive gear 205 and the driven gear 204, thereby realizing the sequential machining of circumferentially distributed holes and ensuring the uniformity of the hole system.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 6As shown, the adjustment assembly 410 is used to adjust the position of the drilling assembly 420. The adjustment assembly 410 includes a fixed frame 411 mounted on the worktable 105. The fixed frame 411 is the support structure of the adjustment assembly 410. A screw 412 is connected to the fixed frame 411 by a bearing. The screw 412 is the key component for achieving horizontal movement. A threaded sleeve 413 is engaged with the screw 412. The threaded sleeve 413 moves linearly when the screw 412 rotates. A connecting plate 414 is mounted on the threaded sleeve 413. The connecting plate 414 is used to connect the subsequent drilling assembly 420.

[0044] A rotary table 416 is provided on the connecting plate 414, which further provides an angle adjustment function. The drilling assembly 420 is mounted on the rotary table 416, and a second motor 415 is mounted on the worktable 105. The output shaft of the second motor 415 is fixedly connected to the screw 412, providing power to the adjustment assembly 410. By driving the screw 412 to rotate through the second motor 415, the screw sleeve 413, the connecting plate 414, and the drilling assembly 420 can move radially, realizing the radial position adjustment of the pre-drilling assembly 420 to adapt to the pre-drilling of bearing cages 300 with different outer diameters.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, first guide rails are installed on both sides of the fixing frame 411 to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the movement of the connecting plate 414. First guide sleeves are slidably connected to the first guide rails. The first guide sleeves are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 414. The cooperation between the first guide rails and the first guide sleeves ensures the straightness and stability of the connecting plate 414 during radial movement and avoids deviation.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown, the drilling assembly 420 is the core component for pre-drilling operations.

[0047] The drilling assembly 420 includes a loading frame 421 mounted on a rotary table 416, which supports and mounts the drilling mechanism. A third motor 422 is mounted on the loading frame 421, providing high-speed rotational power to the pre-drilling tool 426. A splined shaft 423 is mounted on the output shaft of the third motor 422. The splined shaft 423 allows torque transmission while permitting axial sliding. A rotating shaft 424 is slidably connected to the outside of the splined shaft 423, and a mounting base 425 is mounted on the rotating shaft 424. The pre-drilling tool 426 is mounted and connected to the mounting base 425. The pre-drilling tool 426 is the tool used for actual pre-drilling. This allows the pre-drilling tool 426 to perform axial feed while rotating, thereby achieving the drilling function.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the rotary table 416 includes a rotary cylinder mounted on a connecting plate 414 and a table mounted on the output shaft of the rotary cylinder. The table and the loading frame 421 are fixedly connected. The rotary cylinder is controlled by air pressure, which can precisely adjust the angle between the table and the loading frame 421, thereby adjusting the drilling angle of the pre-drilling tool 426 and ensuring that the pre-drilling tool 426 is always aligned with the normal direction of the workpiece hole, so as to ensure the accuracy and effect of drilling.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the loading frame 421 is further provided with a sliding frame 427, which is used to support and guide the axial movement of the rotating shaft 424. A connecting sleeve 428 is installed on the sliding frame 427, and the connecting sleeve 428 is connected to the bearing of the rotating shaft 424. A second hydraulic cylinder 429 is installed on the loading frame 421, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 429 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 427. The second hydraulic cylinder 429 provides a smooth axial feed power, which pushes the sliding frame 427 to drive the rotating shaft 424 and the pre-drilling tool 426 to perform drilling feed, ensuring uniform cutting force.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown, a second guide rail is installed on the loading frame 421, and a second guide sleeve is slidably connected on the second guide rail. The second guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 427. The cooperation between the second guide rail and the sleeve ensures the straightness and stability of the pre-drilling tool 426 when it is axially fed, and improves the drilling accuracy.

[0051] When positioning the pre-processing unit 400, the second motor 415 is started, driving the screw 412 to rotate, which in turn moves the screw sleeve 413 and the connecting plate 414 along the first guide rail, thereby adjusting the radial position of the drilling assembly 420 to accommodate the pre-hole machining of bearing cages 300 with different outer diameters. The angle of the loading frame 421 is adjusted by the rotary table 416 to ensure that the pre-drilling tool 426 is aligned with the normal direction of the workpiece hole, thus achieving precise angular and radial positioning of the drilling assembly 420.

[0052] When performing pre-drilling, the third motor 422 is started, which drives the rotating shaft 424 to rotate through the spline shaft 423. The spline connection enables torque transmission and axial sliding compatibility, driving the pre-drilling tool 426 to rotate at high speed.

[0053] Subsequently, the second hydraulic cylinder 429 is activated to push the sliding frame 427 to feed smoothly along the second guide rail, ensuring uniform cutting force during the pre-drilling process and avoiding deformation of the copper material due to impact load.

[0054] Finally, the pre-drilling tool 426 machines small holes with a target diameter of 30%-60% on the bearing cage 300 to adapt to the step-by-step machining requirements of extra-large copper parts and to provide a precise guiding reference for subsequent hole enlargement.

[0055] After the pre-drilling is completed, the process switches to the reaming process. The XY axis drive mechanism between the machine base 101 and the worktable 105 drives the bearing unit 200 and the workpiece to be moved directly below the machining tool 104.

[0056] Subsequently, the Z-axis drive mechanism is activated, driving the machine head 103 and machining tool 104 to feed vertically and perform reaming of the pre-drilled hole. Due to the guiding effect of the pre-drilled hole, the reaming tool does not need to bear the centering load, and the cutting force is significantly reduced compared to directly machining large holes. This effectively suppresses the machining deformation of extra-large copper parts and significantly improves machining accuracy and workpiece quality.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 8 As shown, a chip removal unit 500 is provided on the side of the worktable 105 opposite to the support unit 200. The chip removal unit 500 is a core component for efficient chip removal and cooling. The chip removal unit 500 includes a second connecting seat 501 mounted on the worktable 105. The second connecting seat 501 is a support structure for the chip removal unit 500. A baffle 502 is provided on the side of the second connecting seat 501 near the second support table 209. The baffle 502 can approach the processing area and effectively guide the chips.

[0058] Two sets of third hydraulic cylinders 503 are installed on the second connecting seat 501, and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic cylinder 503 is fixedly connected to the baffle 502. The third hydraulic cylinder 503 can drive the baffle 502 to approach or move away from the workpiece, so as to realize flexible positioning and auxiliary positioning functions. A connecting pipe 506 is installed on the baffle 502, which is a channel for connecting to an external suction device.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting ring 504 is connected to the bearing on the baffle 502, and the limiting ring 504 has a groove adapted to the bearing cage 300 on the side near the bearing cage 300. The groove of the limiting ring 504 can fit tightly with the edge of the bearing cage 300, which can not only assist in the positioning of the workpiece, but also effectively suppress the vibration generated by the workpiece during processing, and further improve the processing stability.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 8 As shown, a guide plate 505 is installed on the side of the baffle 502 near the bearing cage 300, and the guide plate 505 is arranged in a V-shape. The V-shaped guide plate 505 can effectively gather and guide the chips generated during the machining process to a designated area, avoiding the chips from scattering and accumulating, thereby preventing the chips from scratching the hole wall or jamming the tool.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, a connecting frame 507 is mounted on the baffle 502, and a cooling component 508 is mounted on the connecting frame 507. The cooling component 508 assists in cooling the processing area by cooling air, which is key to reducing processing temperature and suppressing thermal deformation. The cooling component 508 is a cooling plate.

[0062] During processing, the chip removal unit 500 operates synchronously. The third hydraulic cylinder 503 is activated, pushing the baffle 502 closer to the workpiece, causing the groove of the limiting ring 504 to engage with the edge of the bearing cage 300, thus assisting in positioning and preventing workpiece vibration during processing. The V-shaped guide plate 505 directs the chips to a designated area, preventing chip accumulation that could scratch the hole wall or jam the tool. Furthermore, the connecting pipe 506 is sealed to an external suction device; after the suction device is activated, a stable negative pressure field is formed inside the connecting pipe 506.

[0063] The copper chips generated during processing include fine fragments detached from the hole wall and a mixture of cutting fluid chips. Guided by the V-shaped guide plate 505, these chips flow along the inclined surface of the guide plate 505 towards the suction port of the connecting pipe 506. Simultaneously, the directional airflow formed by the negative pressure field forcibly draws the suspended debris inside the hole and around the tool into the connecting pipe 506, and quickly discharges it outside the equipment through an external suction device. This effectively prevents copper chips from accumulating and adhering inside the hole, scratching the hole wall, or jamming the machining tool 104, thereby ensuring machining quality and tool life.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, according to the appendix Figure 8 As shown, the cooling component 508 is fixed to the baffle 502 by the connecting bracket 507, and its installation position is close to the processing area of ​​the processing tool 104, forming a close-range directional cooling mode. The setting close to the processing area ensures the directness and effectiveness of the cooling effect.

[0065] During the operation of the suction device, when external air is drawn into the equipment by negative pressure, it must first flow through the cooling zone of the cooling component 508. After the cooling component 508 is activated, it quickly reduces the temperature of the flowing air, forming a low-temperature airflow.

[0066] Guided by negative pressure, the low-temperature airflow flows directionally towards the hole being machined, directly acting on the interface between the cutting edge and the workpiece. On one hand, the low-temperature airflow can quickly remove the large amount of heat generated during the cutting process, keeping the temperature of the machining area below 80℃, thus preventing hole wall deformation and built-up edge formation caused by overheating and softening of the copper material. On the other hand, the low-temperature airflow can help reduce the temperature of the cutting fluid, improve the lubrication and cooling effect of the cutting fluid, reduce tool wear, and further improve machining accuracy and tool life.

[0067] For the already machined holes, the negative pressure field continuously guides the low-temperature airflow through the hole. Since the residual heat of the copper material can easily cause minor deformation of the hole later, the low-temperature airflow can quickly remove the residual heat from the hole wall, causing the hole temperature to drop to near room temperature in a short time. This effectively suppresses problems such as hole diameter deviation and roundness deviation caused by residual stress release, ensuring the stability of hole machining accuracy. This completely solves the pain points of difficult chip removal and rapid heat conduction of copper material in extra-large copper parts, ensuring the precision forming of the extra-large copper bearing cage 300.

[0068] Example 2: According to the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 As shown, a method for forming an extra-large copper cage, using the extra-large copper cage forming apparatus provided above, includes the following steps: S1. A large copper bearing cage 300 is clamped on the bearing unit 200; S2. The pre-processing unit 400 performs preliminary drilling on the clamped extra-large copper bearing cage 300. S3. After the initial drilling is completed, the extra-large copper bearing cage 300 after the initial drilling is moved to the underside of the machining tool 104 of the drilling and milling machine tool 100, and the hole is enlarged by the machining tool 104 of the drilling and milling machine tool 100. S4. In the preliminary drilling and reaming steps, the chip removal unit 500 removes chips and cools the processing area; and the cooling unit 508 and the negative pressure field generate a low-temperature directional airflow to remove chips and cool the processing area.

[0069] The embodiments of this specific implementation have been described above. However, this embodiment is not limited to the specific implementation described above. The specific implementation described above is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this embodiment, all of which are within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A large-scale copper cage forming device for assembling bearing cages, characterized in that, include: A drilling and milling machine tool, the drilling and milling machine tool including machining tools and a worktable; The support unit includes a first connecting seat mounted on a workbench, a first support platform mounted on the first connecting seat, and a second support platform mounted on the first support platform. A bearing cage, which is clamped on a second support platform; The preprocessing unit includes an adjustment component and at least one set of drilling components disposed on the adjustment component; When the bearing cage is drilled and milled, the bearing cage is first pre-drilled using a drilling assembly, and then the bearing cage is enlarged using a machining tool.

2. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support platform is connected to a connecting shaft via a bearing, and a driven gear is mounted on the connecting shaft. A driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. A first motor is mounted on the first support platform, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear. The driven gear is fixedly connected to the second support platform. Two sets of first hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the first connecting seat, and the extension and retraction ends of the first hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the first support platform.

3. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a fixed frame mounted on a workbench, a screw connected to the fixed frame by a bearing, a threaded sleeve engaged with the screw, a connecting plate mounted on the threaded sleeve, and a rotary table mounted on the connecting plate. The drilling assembly is mounted on the rotary table, and a second motor is mounted on the workbench, with the output shaft of the second motor fixedly connected to the screw.

4. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling assembly includes a loading frame mounted on a rotary table, a third motor mounted on the loading frame, a splined shaft mounted on the output shaft of the third motor, a rotating shaft slidably connected to the outside of the splined shaft, a mounting base mounted on the rotating shaft, and a pre-drilling tool assembled and connected on the mounting base.

5. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The loading frame is also equipped with a sliding frame, and a connecting sleeve is installed on the sliding frame. The connecting sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft bearing. A second hydraulic cylinder is installed on the loading frame, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding frame.

6. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chip removal unit is provided on the side of the workbench opposite to the bearing unit. The chip removal unit includes a second connecting seat installed on the workbench. A baffle is provided on the side of the second connecting seat near the second bearing unit. Two sets of third hydraulic cylinders are installed on the second connecting seat, and the telescopic ends of the third hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the baffle. A connecting pipe is installed on the baffle.

7. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bearing on the baffle is connected to a limiting ring, and the limiting ring has a groove on the side near the bearing cage that is adapted to the bearing cage.

8. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide plate is installed on the side of the baffle near the bearing cage, and the guide plate is arranged in a V-shape.

9. The extra-large copper cage forming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A connecting frame is mounted on the baffle, and a cooling component is mounted on the connecting frame.

10. A method for forming an extra-large copper cage, using an extra-large copper cage forming apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install extra-large copper bearing cages on the bearing unit; S2. Preliminary drilling is performed on the clamped extra-large copper bearing cage through the pre-processing unit; S3. After the initial drilling is completed, the extra-large copper bearing cage after the initial drilling is moved to the bottom of the machining tool of the drilling and milling machine, and the hole is enlarged by the machining tool of the drilling and milling machine. S4. In the preliminary drilling and reaming steps, the chip removal unit removes chips and cools the processing area; and the low-temperature directional airflow generated by the cooling unit and negative pressure field removes chips and cools the processing area.

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