A cyanogen breaking system for cyanogen-containing wastewater

Abstract

The application provides a cyanogen breaking system for cyanogen-containing wastewater, and relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment.The cyanogen breaking system comprises a hydrolysis tower and a steam mixer, the steam mixer is internally provided with a mixing cavity for the flow of the cyanogen-containing wastewater and a steam flow cavity, the steam flow cavity is arranged outside the mixing cavity and / or penetrates into the mixing cavity, a heat conduction plate is in thermal connection with the steam flow cavity to receive steam heat, a communication port is arranged between the steam flow cavity and the mixing cavity, the steam injection direction is the same as the flow direction of the cyanogen-containing wastewater in the mixing cavity, and the position of the communication port is at least spaced apart from two heat conduction plates arranged close to the inlet end of the steam mixer.Compared with the prior art, the application can ensure that the cyanogen-containing wastewater is rapidly heated to the reaction temperature, effectively reduce the disturbance caused by the gas-liquid phase change in the reactor, inhibit the volatilization risk of hydrogen cyanide, and improve the material utilization efficiency and overall operation efficiency of the reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a cyanide-breaking system for cyanide-containing wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Cyanide is widely used in industries such as electroplating, metallurgy, gold extraction, and fine chemicals. The wastewater and residue generated during these processes typically contain high concentrations of free cyanide and organic cyanides, which are highly toxic and volatile, posing a serious threat to human health and the environment. Therefore, developing efficient, stable, and safe cyanide removal technologies is of great significance. Among these, high-temperature hydrolysis cyanide removal technology utilizes the characteristic that cyanide readily undergoes hydrolysis under high-temperature conditions, achieving effective cyanide removal without the need for large amounts of oxidants. This technology has become one of the important technical routes for treating high-concentration cyanide-containing wastewater.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent CN223561327U discloses a hot water hydrolysis cyanide-breaking device. This device uses a steam mixer installed at the bottom inside the reactor shell to directly mix steam with wastewater and heat it, thereby raising the wastewater temperature and initiating the subsequent hydrolysis reaction. Essentially, this technical solution concentrates the mixing, heat transfer, and reaction processes of steam and wastewater within the reactor, representing a coupled mixing and reaction treatment method.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the above-mentioned method of directly introducing steam into the reactor for mixing and heating, especially in cyanide-containing wastewater systems, still has the following problems: 1. Violent gas-liquid phase transition and poor flow field stability: After steam enters the cyanide-containing wastewater at a lower temperature, it condenses rapidly, resulting in a violent gas-liquid phase transition process, forming a large number of bubbles and causing fluid disturbance, which can easily lead to flooding or local flow turbulence, thus affecting the uniformity and stability of the reaction residence time. 2. Increased risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization: Cyanide-containing wastewater is more sensitive to temperature changes during the heating process. Local high-temperature zones are easily formed in the steam inlet area. Under enhanced heat and mass transfer conditions, cyanide is easily volatilized into hydrogen cyanide gas, which not only increases the safety risks during the operation of the equipment, but also increases the complexity of tail gas treatment. 3. Reduced reactor utilization rate: Since the mixing and heating process of steam and wastewater is completed inside the reactor, the mixing and heat transfer process is coupled with the reaction process, which occupies part of the reaction space. This results in the existence of a non-reaction heating zone inside the reactor, thereby reducing the effective reaction utilization rate per unit volume and limiting the improvement of processing capacity under the same equipment size conditions.

[0005] Therefore, how to ensure that cyanide-containing wastewater can be rapidly heated to the reaction temperature while reducing the disturbance caused by the gas-liquid phase change inside the reactor, suppressing the risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization, and improving the effective utilization rate of the reactor has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a cyanide-removing system for cyanide-containing wastewater to solve the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0007] This application provides a cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater, comprising a hydrolysis tower and a steam mixer. The outlet of the steam mixer is connected to the hydrolysis tower, and the inlet of the steam mixer is connected to the feed end of the cyanide-containing wastewater. The steam mixer is provided with a mixing chamber for the flow of cyanide-containing wastewater and a steam flow channel. The steam flow channel is used to connect to the steam input end. The steam flow channel surrounds the outside of the mixing chamber and / or passes through the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is provided with multiple heat-conducting plates arranged at intervals along the flow direction of the cyanide-containing wastewater. The multiple heat-conducting plates divide the mixing chamber into multiple interconnected series chambers. The heat-conducting plates are thermally connected to the steam flow channel to receive steam heat. A communication port is provided between the steam flow channel and the mixing chamber. The communication port is used to inject steam into the mixing chamber, and the steam injection direction is the same as the flow direction of the cyanide-containing wastewater in the mixing chamber. The position of the communication port is at least two heat-conducting plates arranged close to the inlet end of the steam mixer.

[0008] Preferably, the steam mixer is located outside the hydrolysis tower; And / or, the steam mixer has a hollow elongated cylindrical structure, the mixing chamber is the inner cavity of the steam mixer, the steam flow channel is formed axially in the annular sidewall of the steam mixer, and the communication port is used to inject circumferential steam into the cavity wall of the mixing chamber; And / or, the portion of the steam input end that connects to the steam flow cavity is close to the outlet end of the steam mixer.

[0009] Preferably, a guide ring is provided at the communication port of the mixing chamber, the cross section of the guide ring is arched towards the center line of the mixing chamber, and a preset nozzle gap is formed between the guide ring and the mixing chamber; And / or, the communication port is an annular nozzle arranged circumferentially and facing the wall of the mixing chamber; And / or, the connecting port is located in the middle of the mixing chamber; And / or, the inner wall of the mixing chamber is provided with multiple heat-conducting fins along the circumferential direction.

[0010] Preferably, each of the heat-conducting plates is provided to isolate the mixing chamber, and the heat-conducting plate is provided with flow holes that are offset from the center of the mixing chamber; And / or, each of the heat-conducting fins extends to one side near the outlet end of the steam mixer.

[0011] Preferably, the heat-conducting plate is arched on one side toward the inlet end of the steam mixer, and the flow hole is provided and located at the highest point of the arched part; And / or, the flow holes on adjacent heat-conducting plates are staggered.

[0012] Preferably, a deformable rubber ring is provided at the flow hole, the inner hole of the deformable rubber ring forming a flow channel for cyanide-containing wastewater, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the inlet end of the steam mixer. The deformable rubber ring has a switchable first state and a second state, wherein: In the first state, the deformable rubber ring protrudes towards the inlet end of the steam mixer, and the inner hole is the initial diameter; In the second state, when the cyanide-containing wastewater flows through, the deformable rubber ring deforms toward the side away from the inlet end of the steam mixer, and the inner hole is enlarged.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a first temperature monitoring controller and a first FLC control regulating valve. The first temperature monitoring controller is electrically connected to the first FLC control regulating valve. The first FLC control regulating valve is installed on the pipeline at the steam input end. The first temperature monitoring controller includes a first monitoring point, a second monitoring point, and a third monitoring point respectively installed at the bottom, middle, and top of the hydrolysis tower. It is used to monitor the temperature at the corresponding locations and control the opening or closing of the first FLC control regulating valve to regulate the amount of steam entering the steam mixer. And / or, the inlet pipe of the steam mixer is equipped with a pipe mixer, a second temperature monitoring controller and a pH monitoring controller. The pipe mixer is used to add alkaline solutes. The second temperature monitoring controller and the pH monitoring controller are used to monitor the temperature and pH value of the cyanide-containing wastewater after mixing by the pipe mixer, and to provide prompts and control the addition of chemicals or water replenishment when the pH value exceeds the preset range.

[0014] Preferably, a heat exchanger is provided on the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower, and the pipe at the inlet end of the steam mixer is connected to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is used to recover the heat in the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower and heat the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the steam mixer. The heat exchanger is located between the pipe mixer and the steam mixer.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a third temperature monitoring controller and a third FLC control regulating valve. The third FLC control regulating valve is installed on the pipe section of the hydrolysis tower outlet pipe after passing through the heat exchanger. The third temperature monitoring controller is used to monitor the reaction temperature inside the hydrolysis tower and control the opening or closing of the third FLC control regulating valve so that the output cyanide-containing wastewater is maintained within a predetermined temperature range.

[0016] Preferably, sampling pipes are provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis tower and on the pipes behind the third FLC control valve, and the sampling pipes are equipped with switch valves; And / or, at least one set of filters is provided between the outlet of the hydrolysis tower and the heat exchanger.

[0017] This application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This application embodiment separates the mixing process of steam and cyanide-containing wastewater from the reaction process within the hydrolysis tower, and introduces a heat-conducting plate partition structure and a delayed steam introduction method within the steam mixer, thereby achieving the following beneficial effects: First, before entering the steam direct mixing zone, the cyanide-containing wastewater needs to flow through multiple chambers separated by heat-conducting plates. The heat-conducting plates are thermally connected to the steam flow channels to preheat the cyanide-containing wastewater first, so that its temperature is gradually raised to the predetermined temperature. This avoids the violent gas-liquid phase change phenomenon caused by direct contact between steam and low-temperature wastewater, which helps to mitigate fluid disturbance, reduce flooding risk, and improve flow field stability. Secondly, by setting the steam inlet at a position after passing through at least two heat-conducting plates, the steam is injected and mixed under the condition that the temperature of the cyanide-containing wastewater has been raised, which can effectively reduce the degree of local overheating and reduce the instantaneous volatilization of hydrogen cyanide caused by temperature change, thereby reducing the safety risks and tail gas treatment burden during the operation of the device to a certain extent. Furthermore, the steam is injected in the same direction as the flow of the cyanide-containing wastewater, which helps to enhance the overall driving force of the fluid, enabling the steam and wastewater to achieve more uniform mixing and heat transfer during the flow process, reducing reverse impact and local turbulence, thereby further improving mixing efficiency and reaction stability. Furthermore, by dividing the mixing chamber with heat-conducting plates and forming a series flow path, the flow path and residence time of cyanide-containing wastewater in the steam mixer can be extended, so that it reaches a relatively uniform state and a predetermined reaction temperature before entering the hydrolysis tower. This reduces the non-reaction heating zone in the hydrolysis tower, improves the effective utilization rate of the reactor, and helps to improve the overall treatment capacity under the same equipment size conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a control principle diagram of a cyanide-removing system for cyanide-containing wastewater provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the steam mixer provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the steam mixer provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of AA.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the steam mixer provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat-conducting plate provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a front view of the hydrolysis tower provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a top view of the hydrolysis tower provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0028] The diagram is marked as follows: 100. Hydrolysis tower; 110. Inspection port; 120. Drain port; 130. Temperature monitoring gauge port; 140. Cyanide-containing wastewater inlet; 150. Safety valve port; 160. Wastewater outlet; 170. Sampling port; 200. Steam mixer; 201. Outlet end; 202. Inlet end; 210. Mixing chamber; 211. Heat-conducting plate; 2111. Flow hole; 212. Series chamber; 213. Heat-conducting fins; 220. Steam flow channel; 221. Steam input end; 230. Connecting port; 231. Guide ring; 2311. Preset nozzle gap; 3 00. Deformable rubber ring; 301. Inner bore; 310. First state; 320. Second state; 410. First temperature monitoring controller; 411. First monitoring point; 412. Second monitoring point; 413. Third monitoring point; 420. First FLC control regulating valve; 510. Pipeline mixer; 520. Second temperature monitoring controller; 530. pH monitoring controller; 600. Heat exchanger; 710. Third temperature monitoring controller; 720. Third FLC control regulating valve; 800. Sampling pipeline; 810. Switch valve; 900. Filter; L1, direction of steam flow; L2, direction of cyanide-containing wastewater flow. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In practical engineering applications and continuous operation, the inventors conducted long-term tracking and monitoring of the operating parameters of the existing hot water cyanide decomposition device. They found that when steam directly contacts and mixes with cyanide-containing wastewater inside the hydrolysis tower, significant bubble aggregation and flow fluctuations are likely to occur inside the hydrolysis tower as the feed temperature, steam volume, and load fluctuate. At the same time, uneven temperature distribution in local areas is accompanied by gas escape.

[0031] Further analysis of the temperature and flow fields at different heights within the hydrolysis tower, combined with operational data from the tail gas treatment system, confirmed that the aforementioned phenomena are closely related to the instantaneous phase change and local overheating of steam within the hydrolysis tower, which in turn adversely affect reaction stability, safety, and equipment utilization efficiency.

[0032] Based on the findings from the aforementioned engineering practice, the inventors re-analyzed and optimized the mixing and heating methods of steam and cyanide-containing wastewater, thus forming the technical solution of this application.

[0033] In view of this, the following will be combined with Figures 1 to 9 The present application provides a detailed description of a cyanide-removing system for cyanide-containing wastewater through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0034] A cyanide-removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater mainly includes a hydrolysis tower 100 and a steam mixer 200. The system uses the hydrolysis tower 100 as the core reaction unit and the steam mixer 200 pre-treats the cyanide-containing wastewater before it enters the hydrolysis tower 100, thereby achieving pre-control of reaction conditions at the system level, which is beneficial to improving the stability and efficiency of subsequent hydrolysis reactions.

[0035] First, it should be noted that... Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the actual hydrolysis tower 100 includes an inspection port 110, a drain port 120, a temperature monitoring port 130, a cyanide-containing wastewater inlet 140, a safety valve port 150 at the top of the hydrolysis tower 100, a wastewater outlet 160, and a sampling port 170. In actual installation, some of these structures need to be connected to the system via pipelines to form a complete closed-loop transport and reaction system. This ensures that the cyanide-containing wastewater remains in a controlled environment during transport and reaction, effectively avoiding safety hazards and environmental risks caused by cyanide-containing media leakage.

[0036] Each pipeline can be connected by flange, welded or quick-connect according to the site layout requirements. The sealing structure can use corrosion-resistant gaskets or metal seals to adapt to cyanide-containing media and high-temperature conditions.

[0037] Temperature monitoring port 130 is used to connect to the first temperature monitoring controller 410, the second temperature monitoring controller 520, and the third temperature monitoring controller 710, as described later, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment of the temperature field at different heights within the hydrolysis tower 100. By setting multiple monitoring points at the bottom, middle, and top of the hydrolysis tower 100, the temperature distribution along the height direction during the reaction process can be obtained. Combined with the control system, the steam input can be adjusted to maintain the reaction area within a relatively stable temperature range, avoiding incomplete reaction or accelerated hydrogen cyanide volatilization due to excessively high or low local temperatures, thus improving the controllability and safety of the reaction.

[0038] For example, sampling port 170 is located at the bottom of hydrolysis tower 100 and is used to sample liquid at different operating stages to analyze the degree of cyanide decomposition and reaction efficiency, and to assist in optimizing operating parameters. In practical applications, parameters such as steam dosage, feed flow rate, and residence time can be adjusted based on the sampling data to achieve closed-loop optimization of the system's operating status, ensuring that the unit maintains high processing efficiency and stability during long-term operation.

[0039] In addition, some pipelines are equipped with valves, check valves, and other components to regulate flow, prevent backflow, and control system start-up and shutdown. For example, adjusting the valve opening allows for precise control of the cyanide-containing wastewater feed flow, while the check valve prevents high-temperature fluid from flowing back to the upstream equipment, avoiding impact or damage to the steam mixer 200 and the feed system. Since these are not key invention points, the specific installation methods for the pipelines and controllers can utilize existing mature technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0040] Meanwhile, the hydrolysis tower 100 can also be equipped with pressure gauges and level gauges to monitor internal pressure and level changes. Pressure monitoring helps determine the gas-liquid phase changes within the tower, preventing abnormal pressure increases caused by steam input or exothermic reactions. Level monitoring ensures a stable liquid volume in the reaction zone, maintaining a reasonable residence time. Through the synergistic effect of these multiple monitoring methods, the hydrolysis tower 100 can maintain safe and stable operation even under high temperatures and gas-liquid phase changes, providing a favorable reaction environment for stable feed after pretreatment in the subsequent steam mixer 200, thus reducing overall flow field turbulence, temperature fluctuations, and safety risks.

[0041] The outlet end 201 of the steam mixer 200 is connected to the hydrolysis tower 100, and the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200 is connected to the feed end of the cyanide-containing wastewater. This allows the cyanide-containing wastewater to be pretreated by the steam mixer 200 before entering the hydrolysis tower 100, thus ensuring a higher and relatively uniform temperature before entering the hydrolysis tower 100. This reduces the heating burden inside the hydrolysis tower 100 and helps improve the effective utilization rate of the reaction zone.

[0042] Reference Figures 2-6 As shown, the steam mixer 200 includes a mixing chamber 210 for the flow of cyanide-containing wastewater and a steam flow channel 220. The steam flow channel 220 is connected to the steam input end 221 and surrounds the outside of the mixing chamber 210 and / or penetrates within the mixing chamber 210. This structure allows the heat from the steam to be gradually transferred to the cyanide-containing wastewater through wall conduction before or during its entry into the mixing chamber 210, thus achieving preliminary heating of the cyanide-containing wastewater.

[0043] Compared to direct steam injection within the hydrolysis tower 100, this method avoids the violent phase change process caused by instantaneous contact between steam and low-temperature wastewater, making the heat transfer process smoother and more controllable. This effectively reduces the instantaneous temperature difference, slows down the intensity of gas-liquid phase change, reduces the instantaneous generation of a large number of bubbles, helps improve flow field stability, and provides a more uniform temperature basis for further mixing of subsequent steam.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, the steam flow channel 220 can be arranged only outside the mixing chamber 210 to form a nested structure, or it can be partially inserted into the mixing chamber 210 to form an embedded heat exchange structure. It can even be arranged in a multi-layered concentric manner to form a composite heat exchange path, adapting to different processing scales and heat exchange requirements. By changing the arrangement of the steam flow channel 220, heat exchange efficiency can be guaranteed while structural strength and manufacturing costs are considered, thereby improving the engineering applicability of the device.

[0045] The mixing chamber 210 is provided with multiple heat-conducting plates 211 arranged at intervals along the flow direction of cyanide-containing wastewater. The multiple heat-conducting plates 211 divide the mixing chamber 210 into multiple interconnected series chambers 212. The heat-conducting plates 211 are thermally connected to the steam flow channel 220 to receive steam heat.

[0046] It is worth noting that the heat-conducting plate 211 directly absorbs the heat of the steam. On the one hand, it can transfer part of the sensible heat of the steam to the cyanide-containing wastewater in advance through heat conduction, so that the steam energy can be utilized in stages, thereby reducing the instantaneous release intensity of the steam and saving energy. On the other hand, since the steam still needs to participate in the direct mixing with the cyanide-containing wastewater, the presence of the heat-conducting plate 211 is equivalent to "distributing heat" to the steam before it participates in the direct mixing, which plays a role in regulating the steam release rhythm, thereby making the heating process of the system more stable.

[0047] In terms of material selection, the heat-conducting plate 211 can be made of stainless steel, corrosion-resistant alloy steel or composite heat-conducting materials to balance heat conduction performance and corrosion resistance performance; in some embodiments, the surface of the heat-conducting plate 211 can also be treated with anti-corrosion coating or use cyanide corrosion-resistant materials to extend service life.

[0048] As the cyanide-containing wastewater flows through each chamber, it slowly absorbs the heat transferred by the heat-conducting plate 211, causing the temperature to rise gradually and thus avoiding drastic temperature changes at the inlet. This step-by-step heating method not only effectively reduces the risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization caused by local overheating, but also allows the fluid to repeatedly split and merge between the chambers, forming multiple redistribution processes, making the temperature and concentration fields more uniform.

[0049] In addition, because the flow path is extended, the cyanide-containing wastewater is close to the reaction temperature before entering the hydrolysis tower 100, thereby reducing the non-reaction zone inside the hydrolysis tower 100 used for heating, improving the effective utilization rate of the reaction zone, and helping to increase the treatment capacity under the same volume conditions.

[0050] A communication port 230 is provided between the steam flow channel 220 and the mixing chamber 210. The communication port 230 is used to inject steam into the mixing chamber 210, and the steam injection direction is the same as the flow direction of the cyanide-containing wastewater in the mixing chamber 210. The position of the communication port 230 is at least two heat-conducting plates 211 arranged close to the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200.

[0051] With the above setup, the cyanide-containing wastewater is preheated by at least two heat-conducting plates 211 before directly contacting the steam. At this point, the wastewater temperature is significantly increased, thereby reducing the degree of condensation impact when the steam enters, minimizing the instantaneous generation of large amounts of bubbles, and reducing severe local disturbances. Simultaneously, the steam is injected along the flow direction, pushing the fluid while transferring heat, resulting in a relatively stable unidirectional flow state, reducing reverse impacts and the formation of local backflow zones, thus further improving the continuity and stability of the flow.

[0052] In some alternative embodiments, the connection port 230 can be configured as multiple nozzle groups distributed at different axial positions to achieve segmented steam replenishment; or an adjustable opening structure can be adopted so that the steam injection volume can be adjusted according to the working conditions to meet the operating requirements under different load conditions.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the steam mixer 200 is located outside the hydrolysis tower 100, so that the mixing and heating process of steam and cyanide-containing wastewater is completed before entering the hydrolysis tower 100. This structurally separates the mixing process from the reaction process, thereby avoiding the drastic gas-liquid phase change problem caused by the direct release of steam inside the hydrolysis tower 100. This helps to reduce the degree of flow field turbulence inside the hydrolysis tower 100, improve the stability of the reaction zone, and reduce the risk of instantaneous volatilization of hydrogen cyanide inside the tower.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the steam mixer 200 has a hollow elongated cylindrical structure. The mixing chamber 210 is the inner cavity of the steam mixer 200. The steam flow channel 220 is formed axially within the annular sidewall of the steam mixer 200. The connecting port 230 is used to inject circumferential steam into the cavity wall of the mixing chamber 210. This structure facilitates the uniform distribution of steam along the circumference, making the heating of each position within the mixing chamber 210 more uniform, avoiding the formation of local overheating or cold zones, thereby further improving heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity. At the same time, the circumferential injection also allows the steam to form a wall-attached flow state, extending the steam's path within the cavity and improving heat utilization.

[0055] As an optional embodiment, the connection between the steam input end 221 and the steam flow channel 220 is close to the outlet end 201 of the steam mixer 200, so that the steam preferentially releases or transfers heat near the outlet position, thereby giving the cyanide-containing wastewater near the inlet of the hydrolysis tower 100 a higher temperature, which is beneficial for it to quickly reach the reaction conditions after entering the hydrolysis tower 100, reducing the temperature rise process in the initial stage of the reaction, and thus improving the overall reaction efficiency.

[0056] In actual installation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the steam inlet 221 is connected to the steam flow channel 220 via a ring pipe and a circumferential nozzle, ensuring the uniformity of steam entry. In some alternative embodiments, the ring pipe can adopt a multi-point steam inlet method or be equipped with a pressure equalization structure to further balance the steam pressure in each area, thereby ensuring that the steam is evenly distributed throughout the steam flow channel 220, avoiding local insufficient or excessive steam supply, and improving the overall heat exchange and mixing effect.

[0057] In this embodiment, a guide ring 231 is provided at the communication port 230 of the mixing chamber 210. The cross section of the guide ring 231 is arched towards the center line of the mixing chamber 210, and a preset nozzle gap 2311 is formed between the guide ring 231 and the mixing chamber 210.

[0058] Among them, the steam flow direction L1 and the cyanide-containing wastewater flow direction L2 (e.g. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the steam flow direction is guided by the guide ring 231, so that the steam first adheres to the inner wall of the mixing chamber 210 after being ejected, forming a wall-adhering flow state, and gradually forms a flow state along the arched surface of the heat conduction plate 211. This prolongs the flow path of the steam in the chamber and increases the contact time with the cyanide-containing wastewater, which is conducive to the gradual release and transfer of steam heat and improves heat transfer efficiency.

[0059] Meanwhile, wall-following flow can effectively prevent steam from directly impacting the central region of the fluid, reduce the violent disturbances caused by strong local impacts, reduce the concentrated generation of bubbles and local turbulence, thereby further improving the stability of the flow field and reducing the adverse effects of gas-liquid phase change.

[0060] In some alternative embodiments, the arch angle, gap size and ring width of the guide ring 231 can be adjusted according to the steam pressure and flow rate to control the steam injection speed and flow pattern, thereby adapting to the heat exchange and mixing requirements under different operating conditions; the guide ring 231 can also be configured as a segmented structure or a multi-layer structure to further refine the steam guiding effect and improve the control accuracy.

[0061] As an optional embodiment, the connecting port 230 is an annular nozzle arranged circumferentially and facing the wall of the mixing chamber 210, so that the steam can be evenly distributed and sprayed out along the circumferential direction, avoiding the overheating phenomenon caused by the concentration of steam in local areas, thereby further improving the uniformity of fluid heating, and forming a relatively symmetrical temperature field distribution in the mixing chamber 210, which is beneficial to improving the consistency of overall heat transfer and mixing.

[0062] In some embodiments, the annular nozzle can be in the form of a continuous slit or it can be formed by splicing multiple discrete nozzles to form an annular structure, so as to take into account both the processing technology and the spraying effect.

[0063] As an optional embodiment, the connecting port 230 is located in the middle of the mixing chamber 210, which spatially separates the steam release area from the preheating area formed by the front heat-conducting plate 211. This allows the cyanide-containing wastewater to undergo a certain degree of temperature rise before entering the steam direct mixing area, forming a segmented heating mode of "preheating-enhanced mixing". This is beneficial for controlling the phased and stable nature of the heating process and reducing the impact of temperature changes on the system. At the same time, the heat-conducting plate 211 located at the rear end and close to the outlet end 201 of the steam mixer 200 can continuously transfer heat to the heated fluid, thereby playing a role in heat preservation and temperature homogenization, making the temperature of the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the hydrolysis tower 100 more stable.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, the inner wall of the mixing chamber 210 is provided with multiple heat-conducting fins 213 along the circumferential direction to increase the heat exchange area, improve heat transfer efficiency, and guide the fluid. The heat-conducting fins 213 can create a larger contact interface between the vapor and liquid flowing along the wall, while also providing a certain flow guiding effect, causing the fluid to flow along a predetermined path and reducing the generation of local stagnant areas. In some embodiments, the heat-conducting fins 213 can be arranged in a straight line, spiral, or inclined manner to further enhance fluid turbulence and mixing effects.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each heat-conducting plate 211 is separated from the mixing chamber 210. The heat-conducting plate 211 has flow holes 2111, which are offset from the center of the mixing chamber 210. This causes the fluid to flow off-center as it passes through, creating lateral disturbance and enhancing the mixing effect. This off-center arrangement causes the fluid to change direction and redistribute between different chambers, breaking the single streamline structure and making the temperature and concentration distribution more uniform. This helps reduce incomplete reactions or abnormal temperatures in localized areas.

[0066] In some embodiments, each heat-conducting fin 213 extends to one side near the outlet end 201 of the steam mixer 200, which helps to continuously transfer heat to the outlet area, so that the fluid maintains a high and stable temperature when it approaches the inlet of the hydrolysis tower 100, thereby reducing temperature fluctuations after entering the hydrolysis tower 100 and improving the stability of the initial stage of the reaction.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, the heat-conducting plate 211 is arched along the side facing the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200, thereby optimizing the local flow velocity and heat transfer effect. The flow hole 2111 is configured as a single hole located at the highest point of the arch, causing a local acceleration effect when the fluid passes through this position, forming micro-vortices and promoting close contact between the fluid and the surface of the heat-conducting plate 211. The cyanide-containing wastewater can adhere to the surface of the heat-conducting plate 211 when passing through the arched surface, achieving more efficient preheating; at the same time, a natural diffusion zone is formed after the fluid passes through the flow hole 2111, causing the fluid to redistribute and further enhancing the turbulence and mixing effect.

[0068] In addition, the arched heat-conducting plate 211 structure can reduce fluid deposition or retention on the plate surface to a certain extent, reduce the risk of local scaling, and ensure long-term unobstructed flow channels.

[0069] In some embodiments, the flow holes 2111 on adjacent heat-conducting plates 211 are staggered, causing the fluid to flow in a tortuous path between multiple chambers. This significantly extends the flow path and residence time, allowing the cyanide-containing wastewater to undergo more thorough preheating and homogenization before entering the hydrolysis tower 100. This tortuous flow path also effectively reduces local velocity peaks, avoiding impact and disturbance problems caused by excessive flow velocity, and improving overall flow field stability and heat transfer efficiency.

[0070] It is worth noting that the series chamber 212 where the connecting port 230 is located does not have heat-conducting fins 213, which is beneficial for better mixing of steam with cyanide-containing wastewater and avoids disturbance. Since the cyanide-containing wastewater has been fully preheated and its temperature homogenized in the preceding chamber through the heat-conducting plate 211 and heat-conducting fins 213, the fluid is already in a relatively stable temperature state when it enters this chamber. Therefore, the heat-conducting fins 213 structure is removed in the chamber where the connecting port 230 is located, making this area a functional zone mainly for direct steam injection and mixing. This helps to reduce the flow resistance of the fluid in this area, avoids the interference of the heat-conducting fins 213 on the steam jet path, and allows the steam to fully spread in the predetermined direction and form a uniform mixture with the cyanide-containing wastewater.

[0071] Meanwhile, the structure forms functional zones in space: a "preheating enhancement zone" and a "direct mixing zone". The front chamber is mainly for heat transfer, focusing on reducing temperature difference and suppressing violent phase change. The chamber where the connecting port 230 is located is mainly for steam injection under stable conditions, so that the steam participates in the mixing under the premise that the temperature of the cyanide-containing wastewater has been raised, thereby further reducing the condensation impact when the steam enters and reducing the instantaneous concentrated generation of bubbles.

[0072] Compared to structures that simultaneously enhance heat exchange and steam injection within the same space, this partitioned design effectively avoids flow field turbulence caused by the superposition of multiple flow disturbances, thereby improving the overall flow stability and helping to reduce the risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization caused by local overheating in the prior art.

[0073] In some alternative embodiments, the chamber where the connecting port 230 is located may not only be provided with heat-conducting fins 213, but the local flow cross-sectional area may also be appropriately enlarged or a smooth transition structure may be adopted to further reduce flow resistance and make the steam jet diffusion more complete; or a flow-guiding curved surface structure may be provided in this area to guide the mixing path of steam and liquid, so as to further reduce the intensity of local turbulence while ensuring the uniformity of mixing.

[0074] In some embodiments, a deformable rubber ring 300 is provided at the flow orifice 2111. The inner hole 301 of the deformable rubber ring 300 forms a flow channel for cyanide-containing wastewater, and its orifice diameter is smaller than the orifice diameter of the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200. The deformable rubber ring 300 has a switchable first state 310 and a second state 320. In the first state 310, the deformable rubber ring 300 protrudes towards the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200, forming a certain damping, which reduces the initial flow velocity and is beneficial to improving the preheating time. In the second state 320, when the cyanide-containing wastewater flows through, the deformable rubber ring 300 deforms away from the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200, and the inner hole 301 is enlarged, thereby reducing resistance when the flow rate increases, realizing adaptive flow regulation, and taking into account the operational stability under different operating conditions.

[0075] Furthermore, the deformable rubber ring 300, through its elastic deformation characteristics, provides a buffering process for the fluid entering each series chamber 212, thereby preventing excessively high flow velocities of cyanide-containing wastewater when entering the initial stage of the steam mixer 200. This helps to extend its residence time in the area of ​​the preceding heat-conducting plate 211, making the preheating process more thorough and reducing the degree of temperature difference impact during subsequent direct steam mixing. At the same time, when the flow rate increases or the system load increases, the deformable rubber ring 300 automatically deforms to expand the flow area, thereby avoiding excessive system pressure drop or local blockage and ensuring the continuity of overall flow.

[0076] Furthermore, the deformable rubber ring 300 also plays a certain role in stabilizing the flow during fluid passage. Through periodic micro-deformation, it absorbs some of the flow pulsations, making the fluid more stable when entering subsequent chambers. This helps reduce flow fluctuations in the steam injection area, thereby further reducing instability factors generated during the gas-liquid phase change process. This structure can also mitigate the impact effect caused by instantaneous flow velocity changes to a certain extent, thus protecting the internal heat-conducting plate 211 and other structures, and improving the reliability of the device.

[0077] In terms of material selection, the deformable rubber ring 300 can be made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant elastic materials, such as fluororubber or other chemically resistant elastomers, to adapt to cyanide-containing wastewater environments and high-temperature conditions. In some alternative embodiments, the deformable rubber ring 300 can also adopt a segmented structure or a composite elastic structure to further improve its response sensitivity and service life.

[0078] By setting the aforementioned deformable rubber ring 300, the system can maintain a relatively stable flow velocity distribution and residence time under different feed flow rates and operating conditions, thereby improving the overall flow field stability, reducing the bubble disturbance and temperature unevenness caused by flow velocity fluctuations and local impacts in the background technology, and further improving the mixing effect and heat transfer efficiency of steam and cyanide-containing wastewater.

[0079] As an optional embodiment, the first temperature monitoring controller 410 is electrically connected to the first FLC control regulating valve 420. The first FLC control regulating valve 420 is installed on the pipeline of the steam input end 221. By monitoring the temperature at different locations of the hydrolysis tower 100 and adjusting the steam input, the reaction temperature can be precisely controlled, thereby avoiding reaction instability or increased hydrogen cyanide volatilization caused by excessive temperature fluctuations.

[0080] Furthermore, by acquiring temperature data at different heights in the hydrolysis tower 100, the heat transfer and reaction state distribution along the height direction during the reaction process can be reflected. When abnormal temperature fluctuations occur in a certain area, the first temperature monitoring controller 410 can adjust the steam input in a timely manner to maintain the system in a relatively stable thermodynamic state, thereby reducing the severity of gas-liquid phase transitions caused by local overheating or excessively rapid heating rates, and reducing the risk of flow field turbulence and hydrogen cyanide escape as described in the background art.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first temperature monitoring controller 410 may adopt a graded control or continuous adjustment method to proportionally adjust or switch the first FLC control regulating valve 420 to adapt to the temperature control requirements under different operating load conditions, thereby further improving the stability and adaptability of the system operation.

[0082] It should be noted that when the cyanide-containing wastewater enters the hydrolysis tower 100 after being mixed by the steam mixer 200, its overall temperature has basically reached the set reaction temperature and tends to stabilize. However, inside the hydrolysis tower 100, since the cyanide hydrolysis reaction is endothermic or exothermic and accompanied by mass transfer, and is affected by factors such as fluid flow state, reaction rate and gas-liquid phase changes, there will still be a certain degree of temperature difference along the height direction inside the tower. For example, the temperature in the bottom area is relatively low due to the influence of the feed, while the temperature in the middle and upper areas may fluctuate or be locally higher as the reaction proceeds.

[0083] Based on this, by setting multiple monitoring points (such as the first monitoring point 411, the second monitoring point 412, and the third monitoring point 413) of the first temperature monitoring controller 410 at the bottom, middle, and top of the hydrolysis tower 100, the temperature distribution inside the tower can be collected in segments and fed back in real time, thereby more accurately reflecting the actual thermal state of the reaction process. When the temperature at a certain location deviates from the set range, the first temperature monitoring controller 410 can adjust the opening degree of the first FLC control regulating valve 420 according to the monitoring results, dynamically adjusting the amount of steam entering the steam mixer 200, so that the temperature of the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the hydrolysis tower 100 is corrected accordingly.

[0084] Through the above feedback regulation mechanism, the overall temperature field inside the hydrolysis tower 100 is kept within a relatively uniform and stable range, avoiding the increased risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization due to excessively high local temperatures, or the impact on hydrolysis reaction efficiency due to insufficient temperature, thereby further improving the safety and reliability of system operation while ensuring reaction stability.

[0085] In some embodiments, this control method can also work in conjunction with the segmented preheating structure in the front-end steam mixer 200 to ensure that the system is in a controllable temperature regulation state before and after entering the hydrolysis tower 100, thereby achieving stable temperature control throughout the entire process.

[0086] As an optional embodiment, a pipe mixer 510, a second temperature monitoring controller 520 and a pH monitoring controller 530 are provided on the pipe at the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200. The pipe mixer 510 is used to add alkaline solutes so that the cyanide-containing wastewater maintains a suitable alkaline environment before entering the steam mixer 200, thereby inhibiting the generation of hydrogen cyanide.

[0087] When adding alkaline solutes, common alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are typically used to adjust the pH value of cyanide-containing wastewater, maintaining it within the alkaline range. By controlling the pH value within a preset range (e.g., pH ≥ 10), the conversion of free cyanide to hydrogen cyanide gas can be effectively inhibited, thereby reducing the risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization and improving the safety of system operation.

[0088] Furthermore, different alkaline solutes can be selected according to actual operating conditions. For example, sodium hydroxide dissolves quickly and has a sensitive adjustment response, making it suitable for situations requiring rapid pH adjustment; calcium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, on the other hand, has the advantages of lower cost and stronger buffering capacity, making it suitable for continuous and stable operation. In some embodiments, two or more alkaline solutes can be used in combination to balance adjustment speed and operating cost.

[0089] In terms of specific dosing methods, alkaline solutes can be continuously added to the pipeline mixer 510 in solution form via a metering pump, or an intermittent dosing method can be used to adjust the dosing based on online monitoring results, so that the cyanide-containing wastewater reaches a stable alkaline state before entering the steam mixer 200.

[0090] The second temperature monitoring controller 520 and pH monitoring controller 530 are used to monitor the status in real time and make adjustments when the status exceeds the set range to improve the overall safety of the system. Furthermore, by regulating the pH value at the front end of the steam mixer 200, the cyanide-containing wastewater can always be kept in a chemical environment unfavorable to hydrogen cyanide volatilization during the heating process, reducing the risk of volatilization from the source. Simultaneously, through the coordinated control of temperature and pH, the system is kept under control in both thermodynamic and chemical conditions, thus forming a multi-parameter linkage regulation mechanism to improve operational reliability.

[0091] In some alternative embodiments, the pipeline mixer 510 may employ a static mixer or a dynamic stirring mixer structure to accommodate different flow rates and mixing requirements; the alkaline solute may be sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or other alkaline reagents, and its dosage may be automatically adjusted based on online monitoring results to balance treatment effectiveness and operating costs.

[0092] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, temperature and pressure monitors are also installed near the top and bottom of the hydrolysis tower 100 to detect temperature and pressure changes. By arranging monitoring points at different locations, a comprehensive judgment of the temperature gradient and pressure change trends within the hydrolysis tower 100 can be achieved, which helps to promptly detect abnormal operating conditions, such as enhanced local gas-liquid phase transitions or uneven reactions. Since this is not a primary invention point, it will not be elaborated upon here.

[0093] As an optional embodiment, the first temperature monitoring controller 410, the second temperature monitoring controller 520, and the third temperature monitoring controller 710 can also be used in conjunction with the pressure monitoring controller to control the addition of alkaline solute to the first FLC control regulating valve 420, the pipeline mixer 510, and the third FLC control regulating valve 720, thereby forming a temperature-pressure-pH multi-parameter coupled control system.

[0094] By introducing pressure monitoring data, the changes in the gas and liquid phases within the system can be further reflected. When an abnormal increase in pressure is detected, the steam input can be reduced or the feed flow rate can be adjusted to avoid the safety risks caused by a large amount of gas being released instantaneously. At the same time, the pH adjustment strategy can be modified based on pressure changes, thereby further improving the overall stability and safety of the system.

[0095] In specific implementation, the first temperature monitoring controller 410, the second temperature monitoring controller 520, and the third temperature monitoring controller 710 can be selected from commonly used industrial temperature transmitters or temperature control instruments, such as thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) combined with temperature transmission modules; the pressure monitoring controller can use conventional instruments such as pressure transmitters or pressure switches; the first FLC control regulating valve 420 and the third FLC control regulating valve 720 can adopt electric regulating valve or pneumatic regulating valve structures. The above controllers and actuators are all mature existing technologies in this field, and their specific models can be selected according to the on-site working conditions. For example, industrial-grade products with anti-corrosion and explosion-proof properties can be selected to adapt to the cyanide-containing wastewater treatment environment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0096] As an optional embodiment, a heat exchanger 600 is provided on the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower 100. The pipe at the inlet end 202 of the steam mixer 200 is connected to the heat exchanger 600. The heat exchanger 600 is used to recover the heat in the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower 100 and heat the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the steam mixer 200, thereby reducing steam consumption, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0097] Through the above structure, the heat that was originally discharged with the water is effectively recovered and reused, which increases the initial temperature of the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the steam mixer 200, thereby further reducing the temperature difference when the steam and wastewater come into direct contact. This helps to slow down the intensity of the gas-liquid phase change, reduce the instantaneous generation of bubbles and flow field disturbances, and work synergistically with the aforementioned heat-conducting plate 211 preheating structure to achieve graded control of the temperature gradient.

[0098] Furthermore, by preheating the feed through the heat exchanger 600, the heating process in the steam mixer 200 becomes smoother, which can reduce the impact of steam input fluctuations on the system to a certain extent, thereby improving the overall operational stability and reducing the risk of hydrogen cyanide volatilization caused by sudden temperature changes.

[0099] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 600 is a coil-type heat exchanger. The outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower 100 is wrapped around the coil entering the steam mixer 200. A good heat exchange medium, such as heat transfer oil or water, can be installed between them to improve heat exchange efficiency. The coil-type structure has the advantages of compact structure, large heat exchange area and strong adaptability, and is suitable for space-constrained and continuous operation conditions in the treatment of cyanide-containing wastewater.

[0100] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchanger 600 may also be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, or a coaxial heat exchanger to adapt to different flow rates, pressures, and temperature conditions. When making a specific selection, corrosion-resistant materials or anti-scaling structures can be selected according to the corrosiveness and scaling tendency of the cyanide-containing wastewater to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0101] As an optional embodiment, the third temperature monitoring controller 710 and the third FLC control regulating valve 720 control the final effluent temperature to maintain the treated cyanide-containing wastewater within a stable temperature range, which is beneficial for the connection of subsequent treatment processes.

[0102] Furthermore, by controlling the outlet water temperature in a closed loop, it is possible to avoid thermal shock to downstream equipment due to excessively high outlet water temperature, or to prevent downstream treatment efficiency from being affected by excessively low temperature, thus ensuring continuous and stable operation of the entire treatment system under thermal conditions. Simultaneously, this control can be linked with the front-end steam input control to achieve feedforward and feedback temperature regulation at the system-wide level, improving control accuracy.

[0103] In some embodiments, sampling pipes 800 are installed at the bottom of the hydrolysis tower 100 and on the pipeline downstream of the third FLC control valve 720 for water quality testing at different stages. By comparing and analyzing the water quality before entering the tower, during the reaction, and after effluent, the cyanide removal effect and system operating status can be evaluated, thus providing a basis for adjusting process parameters. In practical applications, the sampling pipes 800 can be used in conjunction with online analytical instruments to achieve continuous monitoring and data recording.

[0104] In some embodiments, at least one set of filters 900 is provided between the outlet of the hydrolysis tower 100 and the heat exchanger 600. In this embodiment, it is configured as a set of parallel filters 900 to remove existing solid impurities, prevent clogging of the heat exchanger, and improve the reliability and stability of system operation.

[0105] By setting up a parallel structure, individual filters 900 can be cleaned or replaced without shutting down the system, thus ensuring continuous system operation. In some alternative embodiments, filters 900 can take the form of basket filters 900, bag filters 900, or self-cleaning filters 900 to adapt to different particulate matter content conditions.

[0106] By combining the aforementioned heat exchanger 600, temperature control, and filtration structure, the system achieves overall optimization in terms of energy utilization, temperature stability, and equipment reliability. This not only reduces system energy consumption but also further minimizes instability caused by temperature fluctuations and fluid disturbances, thereby improving the overall safety and stability of the cyanide-containing wastewater treatment process.

[0107] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cyanide-removing system for cyanide-containing wastewater, characterized in that, The system includes a hydrolysis tower (100) and a steam mixer (200), wherein the outlet end (201) of the steam mixer (200) is connected to the hydrolysis tower (100), and the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200) is connected to the feed end of the cyanide-containing wastewater; wherein: The steam mixer (200) is provided with a mixing chamber (210) for the flow of cyanide-containing wastewater and a steam flow channel (220). The steam flow channel (220) is used to connect to the steam input end (221). The steam flow channel (220) surrounds the outside of the mixing chamber (210) and / or passes through the mixing chamber (210). The mixing chamber (210) is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting plates (211) arranged at intervals along the flow direction of cyanide-containing wastewater. The plurality of heat-conducting plates (211) divide the mixing chamber (210) into a plurality of interconnected series chambers (212). The heat-conducting plates (211) are thermally connected to the steam flow channel (220) to receive steam heat. A communication port (230) is provided between the steam flow channel (220) and the mixing chamber (210). The communication port (230) is used to inject steam into the mixing chamber (210), and the steam injection direction is the same as the flow direction of the cyanide-containing wastewater in the mixing chamber (210). The position of the communication port (230) is at least two heat-conducting plates (211) arranged close to the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200) at a distance.

2. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam mixer (200) is located outside the hydrolysis tower (100); And / or, the steam mixer (200) has a hollow elongated cylindrical structure, the mixing chamber (210) is the inner cavity of the steam mixer (200), the steam flow channel (220) is formed axially in the annular sidewall of the steam mixer (200), and the connecting port (230) is used to inject circumferential steam into the cavity wall of the mixing chamber (210); And / or, the connection between the steam inlet (221) and the steam flow channel (220) is close to the outlet (201) of the steam mixer (200).

3. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide ring (231) is provided at the communication port (230) of the mixing chamber (210). The cross section of the guide ring (231) is arched towards the center line of the mixing chamber (210). A preset nozzle gap (2311) is formed between the guide ring (231) and the mixing chamber (210). And / or, the communication port (230) is an annular nozzle arranged circumferentially and facing the wall of the mixing chamber (210); And / or, the communication port (230) is located in the middle of the mixing chamber (210); And / or, the inner wall of the mixing chamber (210) is provided with multiple heat-conducting fins (213) along the circumferential direction.

4. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the heat-conducting plates (211) is provided to separate the mixing chamber (210), and the heat-conducting plate (211) is provided with a flow hole (2111) which is offset from the center of the mixing chamber (210); And / or, each of the heat-conducting fins (213) extends to one side near the outlet end (201) of the steam mixer (200).

5. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat-conducting plate (211) is arched on one side toward the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200), and the flow hole (2111) is provided and located at the highest point of the arched part; And / or, the flow holes (2111) on adjacent heat-conducting plates (211) are staggered.

6. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that, A deformable rubber ring (300) is provided at the flow hole (2111). The inner hole (301) of the deformable rubber ring (300) forms a flow channel for cyanide-containing wastewater, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200). The deformable rubber ring (300) has a switchable first state (310) and a second state (320), wherein: In the first state (310), the deformable rubber ring (300) protrudes towards the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200), and the inner hole (301) is the initial hole diameter; In the second state (320), when the cyanide-containing wastewater flows through, the deformable rubber ring (300) deforms away from the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200), and the inner hole (301) is enlarged.

7. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a first temperature monitoring controller (410) and a first FLC control regulating valve (420). The first temperature monitoring controller (410) is electrically connected to the first FLC control regulating valve (420). The first FLC control regulating valve (420) is installed on the pipeline at the steam input end (221). The first temperature monitoring controller (410) includes a first monitoring point (411), a second monitoring point (412), and a third monitoring point (413) respectively installed at the bottom, middle, and top of the hydrolysis tower (100) to monitor the temperature at the corresponding locations and control the opening or closing of the first FLC control regulating valve (420) to regulate the amount of steam entering the steam mixer (200). And / or, the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200) is provided with a pipe mixer (510), a second temperature monitoring controller (520) and a pH monitoring controller (530). The pipe mixer (510) is used to add alkaline solutes. The second temperature monitoring controller (520) and the pH monitoring controller (530) are used to monitor the temperature and pH value of the cyanide-containing wastewater after mixing by the pipe mixer (510), and to provide prompts and control the addition of chemicals or water replenishment when the pH value exceeds the preset range.

8. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that, A heat exchanger (600) is provided on the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower (100). The pipe at the inlet end (202) of the steam mixer (200) is connected to the heat exchanger (600). The heat exchanger (600) is used to recover the heat in the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower (100) and heat the cyanide-containing wastewater entering the steam mixer (200). The heat exchanger (600) is located between the pipe mixer (510) and the steam mixer (200).

9. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a third temperature monitoring controller (710) and a third FLC control regulating valve (720). The third FLC control regulating valve (720) is installed on the pipe section after the heat exchanger (600) of the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis tower (100). The third temperature monitoring controller (710) is used to monitor the reaction temperature inside the hydrolysis tower (100) and control the opening or closing of the third FLC control regulating valve (720) so that the output cyanide-containing wastewater is kept within a predetermined temperature range.

10. The cyanide removal system for cyanide-containing wastewater according to claim 9, characterized in that, Sampling pipes (800) are provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis tower (100) and on the pipes behind the third FLC control regulating valve (720), and a switch valve (810) is provided on the sampling pipes (800). And / or, at least one set of filters (900) is provided between the outlet of the hydrolysis tower (100) and the heat exchanger (600).

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