A piezoelectric composite material array design method and system based on element mutual radiation effect cooperative optimization

Abstract

The application discloses a piezoelectric composite material array design method and system based on element mutual radiation effect cooperative optimization, and relates to the technical field of acoustic transducers. Three parallel closed-loop loops of material and structure optimization, mutual radiation suppression optimization and system integration and verification are adopted. The mutual radiation effect is taken as an active design constraint for the first time. Material parameter selection, structure design and sound field characteristics are cooperatively optimized. After multi-physical field performance index verification, a precise parameter set including piezoelectric phase and polymer phase material types, piezoelectric phase volume fraction, width-thickness ratio and element spacing is finally output. The application improves the array design precision and element stability based on the piezoelectric composite material, reduces the compensation cost in the later stage, is suitable for various types of arrays such as planar arrays and linear arrays, and can meet the performance requirements of UUV high-frequency sonar and other ocean exploration equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of acoustic transducer technology, and more specifically to a design method and system for piezoelectric composite material arrays based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect. Background Technology

[0002] As ocean exploration and surveillance missions become increasingly sophisticated, small unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) with a total length of less than 2 m and a weight of less than 50 kg have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as small size, low cost, and convenient deployment and recovery. The performance of the core detection equipment carried on the UUV—high-frequency active sonar (operating frequency 60~100 kHz)—directly determines the mission effectiveness. The beamforming quality and resolution of high-frequency sonar depend strictly on the amplitude and phase consistency of each element in the array and their geometric arrangement accuracy. However, in high-frequency small-scale arrays where the element size and spacing are only on the order of millimeters, the traditional method of assembling discrete elements to form the array is prone to introducing uncontrollable micro-errors due to processes such as gluing and positioning. This leads to mismatch in electroacoustic response and positional deviation between elements, ultimately causing increased beam sidelobes, main lobe distortion, and a significant decrease in array gain.

[0003] To improve the performance and consistency of array elements, academic and engineering fields are turning their attention to piezoelectric composite materials, which possess designable acoustic impedance, high electromechanical coupling coefficients, and flexibility. The core advantage of piezoelectric composite materials lies in the ability to precisely control the size and periodic arrangement of piezoelectric ceramic pillars through precision machining (such as cutting-filling and arrangement casting). The piezoelectric ceramic pillars in the piezoelectric composite material, as the main piezoelectric active phase, can efficiently convert mechanical energy into and out of electrical energy, while the polymer matrix provides excellent flexibility, processability, and acoustic impedance matching capabilities.

[0004] Currently, the design of transducer arrays based on piezoelectric composite materials mainly revolves around the selection of piezoelectric and polymer phase materials and the structural shape (including the shape and arrangement of array elements) in the composite material. For example, 1-3 piezoelectric composite materials are prepared into a 1-1-3 type, which has better sensitivity and array element consistency (see: Chen Jing, Zhong Chao, Qin Lei. Research on linear transducer array based on 1-1-3 type piezoelectric composite material [J]. Piezoelectrics and Acousto-optics, 2022, 44(3):361-367.). The design idea usually follows a linear process of material selection → monomer design → array arrangement, ignoring the strong coupling effect between monomers in the array environment. This strong coupling effect can seriously affect the consistency between array elements, thus leading to a decrease in the performance of the transducer array.

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows: (1) Most studies focus on improving the performance of individual transducers or small linear arrays. For planar arrays with a large number of array elements and significant mutual coupling effects, there is a lack of systematic design considerations; (2) When array elements are densely arranged, strong mutual radiation effects will change the load impedance of individual radiators, thereby affecting their vibration velocity and phase. If this is not considered in the early stage of design, the final array performance will deviate significantly from the theoretical model.

[0006] Therefore, how to improve the array performance when array elements are densely arranged is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a piezoelectric composite material array design method and system based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect, which improves the array performance when array elements are densely arranged.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect includes: S1. Based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario, provide the initial design parameters for the piezoelectric composite material array; the initial design parameters include the operating frequency and the array diameter. S2, select various piezoelectric ceramic materials, and obtain the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material by combining the working frequency index; use the thickness and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and output the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. S3, in the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop, with the array diameter as a condition, the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance is analyzed by calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. S4. In the system integration and verification loop, the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop are used as constraints. Through finite element simulation, a set of parameters is output under physical field conditions. Using the set of parameters, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

[0009] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: selecting various piezoelectric ceramic materials and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop; determining the array thickness t for different piezoelectric ceramic materials in combination with the operating frequency; then calculating the main performance indicators of the piezoelectric composite material, and performing vibration mode analysis on the periodic unit structure of the composite material, outputting the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR.

[0010] Preferably, S3 specifically includes, in the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop, using the array diameter as a condition, calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements, analyzing the relationship between the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic cell width d as input parameters and the mutual radiation resistance, and outputting the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic cell width d under the target of low mutual radiation resistance; wherein, low mutual radiation resistance is a mutual radiation resistance close to zero, and the closer to zero the better.

[0011] Preferably, S4 specifically includes: in the system integration and verification loop, using the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, as well as the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic unit width d, as input constraints, performing array parameter calculations under multi-physics conditions of electrical, mechanical, and acoustic fields, and after an iterative process of evaluation-judgment-feedback until all indicators meet the design requirements, and finally outputting a determined parameter set, which includes the finally selected material type, piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, array element width a, periodic unit width d, and piezoelectric phase volume fraction v.

[0012] A piezoelectric composite material array design system based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect includes: The indicator establishment unit provides initial design indicators for the piezoelectric composite material array based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario; the initial design indicators include the operating frequency and the array diameter. The material and structure optimization loop unit selects various piezoelectric ceramic materials and, in conjunction with the operating frequency index, obtains the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material; the thickness and various polymer materials are used as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and the outputs the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. The mutual radiation suppression optimization loop unit uses the array diameter as a condition and calculates the mutual radiation resistance between array elements to analyze the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. The system integration and verification loop unit uses the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop as constraints. Through finite element simulation, it outputs a determined set of parameters under physical field conditions. Using the parameter set, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a piezoelectric composite material array design method and system based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect. It synergistically optimizes the selection of material parameters (such as piezoelectric phase and polymer matrix type, piezoelectric phase volume fraction), piezoelectric phase structure design (such as width-to-thickness ratio), and array acoustic characteristics (such as mutual radiation impedance and directivity), breaking through the traditional sequential design or post-compensation mode. For the first time, the influence of mutual radiation effect on array element consistency is used as an active design constraint and applied to the determination of initial geometric parameters of piezoelectric composite material array. Through theoretical calculations and simulation analysis, under given operating frequency and initial array aperture design parameters, the optimal array element size and spacing range for suppressing harmful mutual coupling and ensuring the vibration independence of array elements was determined. This method is applicable to various arrays made of piezoelectric composite materials, enabling precise array design that meets design specifications, reducing the cost of subsequent technical compensation due to insufficient design considerations. It is also easy to use and can be widely applied to piezoelectric composite material arrays of various structural forms, including planar arrays, linear arrays, volumetric arrays, and conformal arrays, possessing high commercial value. The integrated "material-structure-sound field" design framework adopted for the first time addresses the mutual radiation effect of array elements from the traditional... Post-hoc explanation factors were transformed into key active design constraints, constructing a closed-loop design process integrating material selection, structural optimization (AR, v), and acoustic field control (a, d), effectively improving the accuracy of array design. This addressed the issue where industry professionals wanted to fully leverage the advantages of piezoelectric composite materials in precisely controlling element positions and facilitating the fabrication of small, closely packed arrays, but were unable to further improve array performance, only able to improve element consistency through continuous design of element structures (such as 1-1-3, 1-3-2, etc.). This ensured the electroacoustic performance and stability of the elements as independent units, meeting the high requirements for element consistency in acoustic transducer arrays. It overcame the technical bias of "the linear process of material selection → individual element design → array arrangement typically followed in piezoelectric composite material array design," achieving an overall improvement in array performance through design method optimization, and providing a new design paradigm for piezoelectric composite material-based array design. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention discloses a piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: S1. Based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario, provide the initial design parameters for the piezoelectric composite material array; the initial design parameters include the operating frequency and the array diameter. S2, select various piezoelectric ceramic materials, combine with the working frequency index, and obtain the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material; take the thickness and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and output the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. S3, in the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop, with the array diameter as a condition, the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance is analyzed by calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. S4, in the system integration and verification loop, uses the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop as constraints. Through finite element simulation, a set of parameters is output under physical field conditions. Using the parameter set, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

[0018] Its main body consists of three parallel loops: "material and structure optimization", "mutual radiation suppression optimization" and "system integration and verification".

[0019] Each loop forms an independent "input-processing-output" closed loop. The "materials and structure optimization" loop includes various material parameters such as elastic constants, piezoelectric constants, dielectric constants, density, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio of the piezoelectric and polymer phases in the composite material. After calculating the main performance parameters of the piezoelectric composite material (e.g., electromechanical coupling coefficient kt, acoustic impedance Z, longitudinal wave velocity Vl) and performing structural vibration modal analysis, the loop outputs the piezoelectric column volume fraction v (the ratio of the total volume of the piezoelectric column to the volume of the piezoelectric composite material) and the width-to-thickness ratio AR (the ratio of the piezoelectric column width a to the piezoelectric column thickness t). In the "mutual radiation suppression optimization" loop, a and d represent the width of the piezoelectric column and the width of the periodic element in the composite material (the sum of the piezoelectric column width and the polymer width). After calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements, the loop outputs the "range of values ​​for a and d" under low mutual radiation resistance. The outputs of the first two loops together serve as the input and constraints for the third loop, "system integration and verification." Within the "System Integration and Verification" section, parameters such as admittance, transmit voltage response (TVR), and directivity under multi-physics conditions are calculated. After an iterative process of "evaluation-judgment-feedback," the final parameter set is output until all indicators meet the design requirements.

[0020] In one specific embodiment, S2 specifically includes: selecting various piezoelectric ceramic materials and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop; determining the array thickness t for different piezoelectric ceramic materials in combination with the operating frequency; then calculating the main performance indicators of the piezoelectric composite material, and performing vibration mode analysis on the periodic unit structure of the composite material, outputting the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, S3 specifically includes, within the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop, using the array diameter as a condition, calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements, analyzing the relationship between the piezoelectric column width *a* and the periodic cell width *d*, which are input parameters, and the mutual radiation resistance. Under the target of low mutual radiation resistance, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width *a* and the periodic cell width *d* is output. Low mutual radiation resistance is defined as mutual radiation resistance close to zero; the closer to zero, the better. The formula is as follows: ; ; ; in, The mutual radiation impedance between array elements. For mutual radiation resistance, For mutual radiation resistance, A=a 2 , H = kd, where k is the wave number, a is the side length of the piezoelectric column, and d is the width of the periodic unit. Let be the density of the water medium, and c be the speed of sound in the water medium, where: ; ; In the above formula, .

[0022] In one specific embodiment, S4 specifically includes: in the system integration and verification loop, using the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, as well as the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic unit width d, as input constraints, the array parameters are calculated under multi-physics conditions of electrical, mechanical, and acoustic fields. After an iterative process of evaluation-judgment-feedback, until all indicators meet the design requirements, a determined parameter set is finally output. The parameter set includes the finally selected material type, piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, array element width a, periodic unit width d, and piezoelectric phase volume fraction v.

[0023] A piezoelectric composite material array design system based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect includes: The indicator establishment unit provides initial design indicators for piezoelectric composite material arrays based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario; the initial design indicators include the operating frequency and array diameter. The material and structure optimization loop unit selects various piezoelectric ceramic materials and obtains the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material by combining the operating frequency index; the thickness and various polymer materials are used as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and the outputs the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. The mutual radiation suppression optimization loop unit uses the array diameter as a condition and calculates the mutual radiation resistance between array elements to analyze the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. The system integration and verification loop unit uses the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop as constraints. Through finite element simulation, a set of parameters is output under physical field conditions. Using the parameter set, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

[0024] In specific embodiment 1, a planar array based on 1-3 piezoelectric composite materials is used.

[0025] The detection sonar mounted on a small UUV utilizes a plane made of 1-3 piezoelectric composite material to detect underwater targets.

[0026] 1. Preparation phase: Based on the system operating frequency requirements and UUV platform size requirements, initial design specifications are given (planar array operating frequency: 90kHz; UUV outer diameter 124mm).

[0027] 2. Iterative Optimization Design: Various piezoelectric ceramic materials are selected, such as PZT-4, PZT-5A, and PZT-5H. Based on the operating frequency, the thickness t of the piezoelectric composite material is first obtained (approximately 16 mm). Various polymer materials are selected, such as epoxy resin and polyurethane. These material parameters are used as inputs to "Loop 1: Material and Structure Optimization." Through calculations of parameters such as the electromechanical coupling coefficient, acoustic impedance, and longitudinal wave velocity of the piezoelectric composite material, and vibration modal analysis of the composite material's periodic unit structure, the range of the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v (0.4 < v < 0.8) and the range of the piezoelectric phase aspect ratio AR (0.1 < AR < 0.3) are output.

[0028] Under the initial design specification of a UUV outer diameter of 124mm, when fabricating the array in a close-packed manner, the maximum number of array elements in the column direction is 13-15. Inputting parameters such as the piezoelectric column width 'a' and the periodic element width 'd', and calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements, the output values ​​for 'a' and 'd' are determined under the target requirement of low mutual radiation resistance.

[0029] The output candidate parameters (v, AR) of loop 1 and the output candidate parameters (the range of values ​​for a and d) of loop 2 are used together as the input constraints of "loop 3: system integration and verification". Under the multi-physics conditions of electrical, mechanical and acoustic fields, the parameters such as the admittance, transmit voltage response (TVR) and directivity of the array are calculated. After an iterative process of "evaluation-judgment-feedback", all indicators meet the design requirements and the final determined parameter set is output.

[0030] A 1-3 piezoelectric composite planar array was designed using a collaborative optimization approach based on the mutual radiation effect of array elements. PZT-5H was ultimately selected as the piezoelectric phase for the 1-3 piezoelectric composite planar array, and epoxy resin was chosen as the polymer matrix. The designed 1-3 piezoelectric composite planar array has an element width (piezoelectric column width a) of 4 mm, an element spacing (periodic cell width d) of 6.5 mm, and a thickness t of 16 mm.

[0031] This embodiment demonstrates the application potential of a piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect in the fabrication of arrays using piezoelectric composite materials. Its high efficiency and stability enable it to meet diverse array design requirements. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the synergistic optimization of array element mutual radiation effect.

[0032] The following examples further illustrate the dynamic structural relationships of the piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect: (1) Based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario, give the initial design indicators of the piezoelectric composite material array, such as the operating frequency and array diameter.

[0033] (2) Select various piezoelectric ceramic materials, such as PZT-4, PZT-5A, PZT-5H, etc., and various polymer materials, such as epoxy resin, polyurethane, silicone, etc., as inputs for "Loop 1: Material and Structure Optimization". Combined with the operating frequency, first determine the array thickness t for different piezoelectric ceramic materials. Then, through the calculation of the main performance indicators of piezoelectric composite materials, such as electromechanical coupling coefficient, acoustic impedance, longitudinal wave velocity, hydrostatic sensitivity factor, etc., and the vibration mode analysis of the periodic unit structure of composite materials, output the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR under the conditions of no mutual coupling vibration between the piezoelectric phase and polymer phase, high performance parameters and suitable conditions.

[0034] Thickness calculation formula: ; In the formula, ρc is the density of the piezoelectric column. The elastic compliance coefficient is located in the direction of piezoelectric column 33. f For frequency.

[0035] ; ; ; ; ; ; in, , , , , , These are the formulas for calculating the density, electromechanical coupling coefficient, acoustic impedance, longitudinal wave velocity, hydrostatic charge constant, and hydrostatic sensitivity factor of piezoelectric composite materials, respectively. Where, v, , These represent the piezoelectric column volume fraction, polymer volume fraction, and polymer density, respectively. , , , These represent the piezoelectric stress constant in the 33 direction of the piezoelectric composite material, the elastic constant under constant electric displacement, and the dielectric constant under constant strain and constant stress conditions, respectively. , These are the piezoelectric constants of the piezoelectric composite material in the 31 and 33 directions, respectively.

[0036] In "Loop 2: Mutual Radiation Suppression Optimization", the relationship between the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic cell width d, which are used as input parameters, is analyzed by calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements. Under the target of low mutual radiation resistance, the range of values ​​for a and d is output.

[0037] The output candidate parameters (v, AR) of Loop 1 and the output candidate parameters (the value ranges of a and d) of Loop 2 are used together as input constraints for "Loop 3: System Integration and Verification". Under multi-physics conditions of electrical, mechanical, and acoustic domains, parameters such as array admittance, transmit voltage response (TVR), and directivity are calculated. After an iterative process of "evaluation-judgment-feedback" until all indicators meet the design requirements, a final set of parameters is output, including the finally selected material type, piezoelectric phase aspect ratio AR, array element width a, periodic element width (array element spacing) d, and piezoelectric phase volume fraction v. Using the final set of parameters, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

[0038] Therefore, the dynamic structural relationship of the present invention lies in the fact that, through the initial design indicators, the material selection and array structure geometry that meet the design indicators are obtained by using the collaborative optimization design of "Loop 1: Material and Structure Optimization", "Loop 2: Mutual Radiation Suppression Optimization" and "Loop 3: System Integration and Verification".

[0039] When applied, this invention enables the design and fabrication of various types of piezoelectric composite material arrays through this design method, and is applicable to various engineering applications of acoustic transducers and arrays such as ultrasonic and underwater acoustic transducers.

[0040] In conjunction with application examples, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: it provides a reliable technical path that does not rely on extreme processes and taps the potential of classical materials through system design.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The methods disclosed in the embodiments are described simply because they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments; relevant parts can be found in the method section.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A design method for piezoelectric composite material arrays based on synergistic optimization of mutual radiation effect of array elements, characterized in that, include: S1. Based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario, provide the initial design parameters for the piezoelectric composite material array; the initial design parameters include the operating frequency and the array diameter. S2, select various piezoelectric ceramic materials, and obtain the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material by combining the working frequency index; use the thickness and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and output the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. S3, in the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop, with the array diameter as a condition, the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance is analyzed by calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. S4. In the system integration and verification loop, the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop are used as constraints. Through finite element simulation, a set of parameters is output under physical field conditions. Using the set of parameters, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

2. The piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: selecting various piezoelectric ceramic materials and various polymer materials as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop; determining the array thickness t for different piezoelectric ceramic materials based on the operating frequency; then calculating the main performance indicators of the piezoelectric composite material, and performing vibration mode analysis on the periodic unit structure of the composite material, outputting the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR.

3. The piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S3 includes the following in the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop: taking the array diameter as a condition, the relationship between the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic cell width d, which are input parameters, and the mutual radiation resistance is analyzed by calculating the mutual radiation resistance between array elements. Under the target of low mutual radiation resistance, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic cell width d is output; where low mutual radiation resistance is a mutual radiation resistance close to zero, the closer to zero the better.

4. The piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes: in the system integration and verification loop, using the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric phase volume fraction v and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, as well as the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width a and the periodic unit width d, as input constraints, the array parameters are calculated under multi-physics conditions of electrical, mechanical, and acoustic fields. After an iterative process of evaluation-judgment-feedback, until all indicators meet the design requirements, a final set of parameters is output. The parameter set includes the finally selected material type, piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio AR, array element width a, periodic unit width d, and piezoelectric phase volume fraction v.

5. A piezoelectric composite material array design system based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect, applying the piezoelectric composite material array design method based on the cooperative optimization of array element mutual radiation effect as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The indicator establishment unit provides initial design indicators for the piezoelectric composite material array based on the requirements of the implementation object and application scenario; the initial design indicators include the operating frequency and the array diameter. The material and structure optimization loop unit selects various piezoelectric ceramic materials and, in conjunction with the operating frequency index, obtains the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material; the thickness and various polymer materials are used as inputs to the material and structure optimization loop, and the outputs the piezoelectric phase volume fraction range and the piezoelectric phase width-to-thickness ratio range. The mutual radiation suppression optimization loop unit uses the array diameter as a condition and calculates the mutual radiation resistance between array elements to analyze the relationship between the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width and the mutual radiation resistance. Under the preset mutual radiation resistance target, the range of values ​​for the piezoelectric column width and the periodic cell width is output. The system integration and verification loop unit uses the outputs of the material and structure optimization loop and the mutual radiation suppression optimization loop as constraints. Through finite element simulation, it outputs a determined set of parameters under physical field conditions. Using the parameter set, a piezoelectric composite material array that meets the design specifications is fabricated.

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