Heat dissipation device, joint structure and robot
By using a piezoelectric fan-driven heat dissipation device in the robot's joint structure, and utilizing ventilation slots and fins, the problem of low motor heat dissipation efficiency under high load conditions is solved, thus achieving stable motor operation and the robot's ability to work for extended periods.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AUDIOWELL ELECTRONICS GUANGDONG
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing heat dissipation methods for robot joint structures are inefficient under high-load conditions and cannot match the heat generation rate of the motor, resulting in excessively rapid motor temperature rise. This forces the system to operate at reduced capacity, affecting dynamic response and continuous operation time.
The heat dissipation device, driven by a piezoelectric fan, uses ventilation slots and fins on the casing to draw in cool air, which then exchanges heat with the motor before being expelled. Combined with a multi-inlet design and an exhaust channel, it forms an efficient heat dissipation flow path, ensuring that the motor's heat is effectively dissipated.
Without increasing the size of the robot's joints or the complexity of its structure, heat dissipation efficiency has been improved, ensuring that the motors can continuously output peak power and extending the robot's continuous operation time and service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN122165486A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor thermal management devices, and in particular to a heat dissipation device, joint structure, and robot. Background Technology
[0002] The motors within the joint structure are the core power components for intelligent robots to perform actions. During high-torque output, they generate a large amount of heat, and their heat dissipation directly affects output power, operational performance, and service life. Existing heat dissipation methods have significant shortcomings: First, the compact internal space of robot joints makes it difficult to integrate air-cooling structures. Forcing such structures would increase joint volume, restrict robot movement, and easily cause airflow obstruction, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency. Second, existing heat dissipation structures have limited heat dissipation power and cannot match the heat generation rate of the motors under high-load conditions. This can easily lead to excessively rapid motor temperature rise, forcing the system to operate at its derated rate and unable to continuously output peak power, thereby reducing the robot's dynamic response, load capacity, and continuous operating time. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a heat dissipation device, a joint structure, and a robot, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency, ensuring effective heat dissipation from the motors within the joint structure, and guaranteeing stable robot operation.
[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a heat dissipation device includes: a main body and a piezoelectric fan; the main body includes a housing and a cover plate, the end face of the housing has a plurality of independent ventilation slots, the plurality of ventilation slots are symmetrically arranged, the ventilation slots extend from the inside of the housing outward, the cover plate covers the end face of the housing, the cover plate and the housing cooperate to form a heat dissipation space, the cover plate and the ventilation slots cooperate to form an air outlet channel, the cover plate has a first air inlet; the piezoelectric fan is disposed in the heat dissipation space, a plurality of piezoelectric fans are disposed, one piezoelectric fan is disposed in each ventilation slot, the piezoelectric fan covers one end of the ventilation slot, and the piezoelectric fan drives airflow from the first air inlet to the air outlet channel.
[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the end face of the housing is provided with a plurality of first fins, the first fins are disposed between the first air inlet and the piezoelectric fan, and any one of the first fins is partially exposed in the first air inlet, and two adjacent first fins cooperate to form a first heat dissipation channel, the first heat dissipation channel dissipating air toward the air outlet channel.
[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first support blocks are formed on the end face of the housing. The plurality of first support blocks are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the housing, and the ventilation slot is located between two adjacent first support blocks. The first support block is provided with a second air inlet, and the second air inlet is connected to the heat dissipation space.
[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing is provided with a plurality of second fins, the second fins being disposed within the second air inlet.
[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple second fins are spaced apart, and adjacent second fins cooperate to form a second heat dissipation channel.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of second support blocks are provided on the side of the cover plate facing the housing. The plurality of second support blocks are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the cover plate. When the cover plate is closed on the housing, the second support blocks cooperate with the ventilation groove to form an air outlet, and the second support blocks are inserted between two first support blocks.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing is provided with an air outlet plate, the air outlet plate has multiple through holes, and the air outlet plate is disposed between the piezoelectric fan and the ventilation slot.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing is provided with a positioning block and an electrical connector, a clearance hole is provided in the center of the housing, the electrical connector is disposed on the positioning block, the positioning block is disposed between two adjacent piezoelectric fans, one end of the electrical connector is electrically connected to the piezoelectric fan, and the other end of the electrical connector passes through the clearance hole.
[0012] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the joint structure includes a motor, a housing, and a heat dissipation device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention. The housing is disposed on the outer casing and is in contact with the outer casing. The motor is disposed inside the outer casing.
[0013] The robot according to a third aspect of the present invention includes the joint structure described in the second aspect of the present invention.
[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the heat dissipation device, joint structure, and robot of this invention have the following advantages: By placing the motor inside the outer casing, with the casings connected and in contact, the heat generated by the motor during operation is transferred to the outer casing. The heat accumulates in the heat dissipation space, and then a piezoelectric fan draws external cold air into the heat dissipation space through the first air inlet. As the external cold air passes through the heat dissipation space, heat exchange occurs, and then the airflow is discharged to the outside along the ventilation slots, continuously carrying the heat away from the outside. This achieves heat exchange within a limited space, reducing the motor's operating temperature and preventing derating due to excessively rapid temperature rise, thus ensuring the motor continuously outputs peak power. Furthermore, the cover plate allows for convenient control of the heat dissipation space capacity and the overall volume of the heat dissipation device, effectively improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and reliability without significantly increasing the robot's joint volume and structural complexity. This fully utilizes the motor's dynamic response and load capacity, extending the robot's continuous operating time and overall service life. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the heat dissipation device according to a first aspect of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the heat dissipation device according to a first aspect of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the heat dissipation device according to the first aspect of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a second embodiment of the heat dissipation device according to the first aspect of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the heat dissipation device according to the first aspect of the present invention.
[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Housing 110; First support block 111; Second fin 112; Second air inlet 113; Air outlet 114; Ventilation slot 115; Positioning block 116; First fin 117; First heat dissipation channel 118; Second heat dissipation channel 119; Cover plate 120; First air inlet 121; Second support block 122; Piezo fan 210; Air outlet plate 220; Through hole 221; Electrical connector 230; Clearance hole 231; Outer shell 300. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the heat dissipation device according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a main body and a piezoelectric fan 210; the main body includes a housing 110 and a cover plate 120, the end face of the housing 110 is provided with a plurality of independent ventilation slots 115, the plurality of ventilation slots 115 are symmetrically arranged, the ventilation slots 115 extend from the inside of the housing 110 outward, the cover plate 120 covers the end face of the housing 110, the cover plate 120 and the housing 110 cooperate to form a heat dissipation space, the cover plate 120 and the ventilation slots 115 cooperate to form an air outlet channel, the cover plate 120 is provided with a first air inlet 121; the piezoelectric fan 210 is disposed in the heat dissipation space, a plurality of piezoelectric fans 210 are provided, one piezoelectric fan 210 is disposed in each ventilation slot 115, the piezoelectric fan 210 covers one end of the ventilation slot 115, the piezoelectric fan 210 drives the airflow to flow from the first air inlet 121 to the air outlet channel.
[0019] The housing 110 transfers heat from the motor to itself through contact with the motor. After the piezoelectric fan 210 is started, the air in the heat dissipation space is discharged to the outside along the ventilation slot 115, creating a negative pressure in the heat dissipation space. Then, the cold air from the outside is drawn into the heat dissipation space through the first air inlet 121. The cold air exchanges heat with the housing 110 in the heat dissipation space. The cover plate 120 cooperates with the housing 110 to compress the heat dissipation space into a flat shape, which can reduce the space occupied and avoid increasing the size and structural complexity of the robot joints. At the same time, it can also make the cold air from the outside disperse quickly after entering the heat dissipation space, so that the cold air from the outside can fully exchange heat with the housing 110 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.
[0020] After the external cold air undergoes heat exchange in the heat dissipation space, it flows to the ventilation slot 115 and is then discharged to the outside along the ventilation slot 115, forming a complete heat dissipation air duct. This continuously discharges the heat from the motor to the outside, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency and robot reliability. It also fully utilizes the dynamic response and load capacity of the motor, extending the continuous operation time of the robot and the service life of the entire machine.
[0021] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4The end face of the housing 110 is provided with multiple first fins 117. The first fins 117 are positioned between the first air inlet 121 and the piezoelectric fan 210, and each first fin 117 is partially exposed in the first air inlet 121. Adjacent first fins 117 cooperate to form a first heat dissipation channel 118, which faces the air outlet channel. External cold air enters through the first air inlet 121, flows through the first fins 117, and flows along the first heat dissipation channel 118 formed between adjacent first fins 117 to the piezoelectric fan 210, absorbing heat from the first fins 117 and continuing to be transported towards the air outlet channel. By setting the first fins 117, the heat exchange area between the cold air and the housing 110 is increased, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, the cold air flows along the first heat dissipation channel 118, which guides the flow of cold air, effectively reducing airflow turbulence and resistance, further improving heat dissipation efficiency. Additionally, refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Each of the first fins 117 is partially exposed in the first air inlet 121. Alternatively, multiple first air inlets 121 can be opened. The first air inlets 121 can be of any shape to ensure that each first heat dissipation channel 118 can come into contact with external cold gas, thereby accelerating the inflow of external cold gas and improving heat dissipation efficiency.
[0022] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 The end face of the housing 110 protrudes to form a plurality of first support blocks 111, which are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the housing 110. The ventilation slot 115 is located between two adjacent first support blocks 111. The first support block 111 has a second air inlet 113, which communicates with the heat dissipation space. By opening the second air inlet 113 on the first support block 111 and communicating with the heat dissipation space, the air intake path is expanded without occupying additional internal space. This allows external cold air to enter the heat dissipation space not only through the first air inlet 121 but also through the second air inlet 113, and then be discharged from the ventilation slot 115. This increases the overall air intake of the heat dissipation device, alleviates the problem of insufficient air volume from a single air inlet, and improves the heat dissipation adaptability of the heat dissipation device under high load conditions. In addition, the second air inlet 113 is set on the first support block 111, and the ventilation slot 115 is set between the two first support blocks 111. The external cold air entering from the second air inlet 113 is discharged directly from the ventilation slot 115 after heat exchange, which shortens the heat exchange path of the cold air and speeds up the heat exchange efficiency.
[0023] Understandably, referring to Figure 2The housing 110 is provided with multiple second fins 112, which are disposed within the second air inlet 113. When external cold air enters through the second air inlet 113, it directly contacts the second fins 112 within the second air inlet 113 and exchanges heat. The second fins 112 increase the heat exchange area, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
[0024] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 Multiple second fins 112 are spaced apart, and adjacent second fins 112 cooperate to form a second heat dissipation channel 119. The cold air entering the second air inlet 113 flows orderly along the second heat dissipation channel formed between adjacent second fins 112, so that the airflow is evenly distributed and fully contacts the fin surface, ensuring smooth airflow and sufficient heat exchange, avoiding local airflow blockage or turbulence, and improving the heat dissipation stability and efficiency of the second air inlet 113.
[0025] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 A plurality of second support blocks 122 are provided on the side of the cover plate 120 facing the housing 110. The plurality of second support blocks 122 are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the cover plate 120. When the cover plate 120 is closed on the housing 110, the second support blocks 122 cooperate with the ventilation groove 115 to form an air outlet 114, and the second support blocks 122 are inserted between two first support blocks 111. The second support blocks 122 are inserted between two first support blocks 111, and the structural positioning is achieved through the insertion and cooperation, which facilitates the quick positioning of the cover plate 120 and realizes the quick assembly of the cover plate 120 and the housing 110. At the same time, the encirclement of the second support blocks 122 and the ventilation groove 115 forms a directional air outlet 114 to ensure the directional discharge of airflow. In addition, the second support block 122 contacts the housing 110, while the first support block 111 contacts the cover plate 120, so that a stable support is formed between the housing 110 and the cover plate 120, preventing the heat dissipation space from collapsing and ensuring that the heat dissipation space remains stable. Furthermore, the first support block 111 and the second support block 122 enclose the heat dissipation space to form a relatively closed space, ensuring that external cold air enters from the first air inlet 121 and the second air inlet 113 and then flows out from the air outlet 114, ensuring the heat exchange effect between the cold air and the housing 110.
[0026] Understandably, referring to Figure 2The housing 110 is provided with an air outlet plate 220, which has multiple through holes 221. The air outlet plate 220 is positioned between the piezoelectric fan 210 and the ventilation slot 115. The perforated air outlet plate 220 evenly distributes and rectifies the airflow, ensuring uniform distribution to the ventilation slot 115 and preventing excessively high or low local wind speeds. This improves the uniformity of airflow distribution, reduces eddies at the piezoelectric fan 210 outlet, increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the ventilation slot 115, and prevents localized overheating. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the piezoelectric fan 210 uses the piezoelectric heat dissipation unit disclosed in existing patent CN119486031A. Its working principle and internal structure are existing technology. This invention does not improve the structure of the piezoelectric heat dissipation unit itself, but only applies it to a specific spatial layout of this heat dissipation device to achieve heat dissipation airflow.
[0027] Understandably, referring to Figure 2 The housing 110 is equipped with a positioning block 116 and an electrical connector 230. A clearance hole 231 is provided at the center of the housing 110. The electrical connector 230 is mounted on the positioning block 116, which is positioned between two adjacent piezoelectric fans 210. One end of the electrical connector 230 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric fan 210, and the other end passes through the clearance hole 231. The positioning block 116 provides support for the installation of the electrical connector 230. By positioning the positioning block 116 between two adjacent piezoelectric fans 210, the electrical connector 230 can complete its wiring between the piezoelectric fans 210, making full use of the space between the piezoelectric fans 210 and achieving centralized arrangement and positioning of the power supply lines for the piezoelectric fans 210, resulting in a compact overall structure of the heat dissipation device. Simultaneously, one end of the electrical connector 230 extends through the clearance hole 231 to the outside of the housing 110, facilitating electrical connection with external electrical devices, avoiding messy wiring interference, and improving assembly convenience.
[0028] The joint structure of the second aspect of the present invention includes a motor, a housing 300 and a heat dissipation device of the first aspect of the present invention. The housing 110 is disposed on the housing 300 of the joint structure and is in contact with the housing 300 of the joint structure. The motor is disposed inside the housing 300.
[0029] The robot of the third aspect of the present invention includes the joint structure of the second aspect of the present invention.
[0030] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a heat dissipation device, a joint structure, and a robot. By connecting the housing 110 to the outer shell 300 of the joint structure, and with the housing 110 in contact with the outer shell 300, the heat generated during the operation of the joint structure is transferred to the outer shell. The heat accumulates in the heat dissipation space, and then the piezoelectric fan 210 draws external cold air into the heat dissipation space from the first air inlet 121. When the external cold air passes through the heat dissipation space, heat exchange occurs, and then the airflow is discharged to the outside along the ventilation slot 115, continuously carrying the heat to the outside. This achieves heat exchange within a limited space, reducing the temperature of the motor during operation, thereby avoiding derating of the motor due to excessive temperature rise and ensuring the continuous output of peak power by the motor. Furthermore, the cover plate 120 facilitates the control of the capacity of the heat dissipation space and the overall volume of the heat dissipation device, effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reliability of the motor without significantly increasing the volume and structural complexity of the robot joint. This fully utilizes the dynamic response and load capacity of the motor, extending the continuous operation time and overall service life of the robot.
[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heat dissipation device, characterized in that, Including: The main body includes a shell and a cover plate. The end face of the shell has multiple independent ventilation slots, which are symmetrically arranged. The ventilation slots extend from the inside of the shell to the outside. The cover plate covers the end face of the shell and forms a heat dissipation space with the shell. The cover plate and the ventilation slots form an air outlet channel. The cover plate has a first air inlet. A piezoelectric fan is installed in the heat dissipation space. Multiple piezoelectric fans are provided, with one piezoelectric fan configured in each ventilation slot. The piezoelectric fan covers one end of the ventilation slot and drives the airflow from the first air inlet to the air outlet.
2. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the housing is provided with a plurality of first fins. The first fins are disposed between the first air inlet and the piezoelectric fan, and any one of the first fins is partially exposed in the first air inlet. Adjacent two first fins cooperate to form a first heat dissipation channel, and the first heat dissipation channel discharges air toward the air outlet channel.
3. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the housing has a plurality of first support blocks protruding outwards. The plurality of first support blocks are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the housing, and the ventilation slot is located between two adjacent first support blocks. The first support block has a second air inlet, which is connected to the heat dissipation space.
4. The heat dissipation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing is provided with multiple second fins, which are disposed inside the second air inlet.
5. The heat dissipation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple second fins are spaced apart, and adjacent second fins cooperate to form a second heat dissipation channel.
6. The heat dissipation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cover plate has a plurality of second support blocks on the side facing the housing. The plurality of second support blocks are evenly arranged on the outer edge of the cover plate. When the cover plate is closed on the housing, the second support blocks cooperate with the ventilation slot to form an air outlet, and the second support blocks are inserted between two first support blocks.
7. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is provided with an air outlet plate, which has multiple through holes and is positioned between the piezoelectric fan and the ventilation slot.
8. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a positioning block and an electrical connector. A clearance hole is provided in the center of the housing. The electrical connector is provided on the positioning block. The positioning block is provided between two adjacent piezoelectric fans. One end of the electrical connector is electrically connected to the piezoelectric fan, and the other end of the electrical connector passes through the clearance hole.
9. A joint structure, characterized in that, It includes a motor, a housing, and a heat dissipation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the housing is disposed on the outer casing and in contact with the outer casing, and the motor is disposed inside the outer casing.
10. A robot, characterized in that, It includes the joint structure as described in claim 9.