A fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrated with a piezoelectric fan

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cell heat dissipation, in particular to a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrated with a piezoelectric fan, which comprises a radiator, a connecting disc fixed in the radiator, a through hole formed in the side wall of the connecting disc and penetrating through the radiator, a heat conduction disc and a fixed plate fixed on the radiator, a first piezoelectric vibrator and a second piezoelectric vibrator fixed on the upper and lower sides of the connecting disc, a bidirectional pushing mechanism arranged on the fixed plate, a sliding sleeve connected to the bidirectional pushing mechanism, a lead-through assembly arranged on the sliding sleeve and in lead-through cooperation with the through hole, and a follow-up limiting mechanism arranged on the bidirectional pushing mechanism and connected to the sliding sleeve. When the temperature of the fuel cell rises, the cooperation of the bidirectional pushing mechanism and the follow-up limiting mechanism can control the movement of the sliding sleeve, the lead-through state of the through hole is adjusted through the lead-through assembly, and the gas-liquid heat dissipation is switched according to the temperature change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell heat dissipation technology, specifically a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of data centers and cloud computing, fuel cells generate a large amount of heat during operation. With the continuous improvement of fuel cell performance, heat dissipation has become a key factor restricting the development of server performance.

[0003] Traditional fuel cell heat dissipation technologies mainly include two methods: air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling removes heat by using a fan to force convection, which has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but its heat dissipation capacity is limited in high power density scenarios. Liquid cooling achieves efficient heat exchange through liquid circulation, which has strong heat dissipation capacity, but the system is complex and costly.

[0004] As a novel heat dissipation technology, piezoelectric fans utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric oscillators to generate vibrations, thereby driving fluid flow by changing the volume of the chamber. Compared with traditional rotary fans, piezoelectric fans have advantages such as small size, low energy consumption, and no electromagnetic interference.

[0005] In piezoelectric fans, dual cooling modes of water cooling and air cooling can be equipped. When the temperature is below the set value, the cooling system is in air cooling mode. When the temperature is above the set value, the cooling system automatically switches to water cooling mode. However, since the cooling effect of water cooling is stronger than that of air cooling, when the cooling system switches to water cooling, the temperature at the heat transfer point of the fuel cell drops rapidly below the set value, causing the cooling system to switch back to air cooling mode. Although this can achieve cooling to a certain extent, traditional fans have low wind speed, low heat dissipation efficiency, and loud fan noise. The fuel cell itself is not effectively cooled, which easily leads to the cooling effect not reaching the ideal state and the temperature being in a state of continuous fluctuation. In addition, the air is prone to generating a hysteresis boundary layer at the contact surface of the radiator, and the wind speed is almost zero, so only radiative heat dissipation can be carried out. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fuel cell heat dissipation structure with an integrated piezoelectric fan to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan, comprising: A radiator, and a connecting plate fixed inside the radiator, the side wall of the connecting plate having a through hole penetrating the radiator, and a heat-conducting plate and a fixing plate fixed on the radiator. Also includes: The first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate; A bidirectional pushing mechanism is provided on the fixed plate, and a sliding sleeve is connected to the bidirectional pushing mechanism. The sliding sleeve is provided with a conductive component that communicates with the through hole. A follow-up limiting mechanism is provided on the bidirectional pushing mechanism and connected to the sliding sleeve. The follow-up limiting mechanism can operate when the bidirectional pushing mechanism moves, and adjust the connection state between the connecting component and the through hole through the sliding sleeve.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: a pumping chamber is formed between the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator, the pumping chamber is connected to the through hole, and a delivery pipe is fixed on the second piezoelectric vibrator, the delivery pipe connecting the pumping chamber to the heat-conducting plate.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the delivery pipe forms a jet channel, and when the volume of the pumping chamber changes, the corresponding cooling medium can be delivered to the heat-conducting plate through the jet channel according to the conduction state of the through hole.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a storage tank is fixed to the side wall of the radiator, a circulation pipe connected to the storage tank and the heat conduction plate is connected to the side wall of the heat conduction plate and a plurality of exhaust pipes distributed equidistantly in a circle.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bidirectional pushing mechanism includes a fixed rod fixed on the fixed plate, the fixed rod being slidably connected to the sliding sleeve, a fixed ring being fixed on the fixed rod, a movable sleeve being slidably connected to the fixed rod axially, and a push plate being fixed at the end of the movable sleeve.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a first spring and a second spring are sleeved on the fixed rod, the two ends of the first spring abutting against the push plate and the sliding sleeve respectively, and the two ends of the second spring abutting against the sliding sleeve and the fixed plate respectively.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the conductive component includes a groove formed on the side wall of the radiator, a sealing plate slidably installed in the groove and fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and an air inlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe symmetrically arranged and communicating with the through hole are connected to the sealing plate, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the storage tank.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the follow-up limiting mechanism includes a movable plate fixed on the push plate and arranged symmetrically, and a guide groove is formed on the movable plate; It also includes a guide assembly and an abutment assembly disposed on the radiator and connected to the sliding sleeve.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guiding component includes a support plate fixed to the side wall of the radiator and arranged symmetrically, a movable rod slidably mounted on the support plate, and a limiting post fixed on the movable rod that slidably engages with the guide groove.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the abutting component includes a support ring fixed to the end of the movable rod, and a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring are fixed on the sliding sleeve, the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abutting against the support ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention adaptively adjusts the cooling mode by changing the temperature, that is, switching between air cooling and water cooling, to achieve effective heat dissipation of the fuel cell. Under the action of the thermistor, the current of the electromagnetic actuator can be adaptively adjusted, thereby changing the electromagnetic thrust. According to the temperature change, the position of the sliding sleeve is adjusted by the bidirectional pushing mechanism and the follow-up limiting mechanism, thereby adjusting the heat dissipation mode through the conductive component. This automatic switching mechanism ensures that the fuel cell can obtain the most suitable heat dissipation intensity under any working state, which avoids energy waste under low load and ensures heat dissipation efficiency under high load.

[0018] During the water-cooling switching and cooling process, the cooperation between the support ring and the first limiting ring ensures that the air-cooling is quickly switched to water-cooling when the fuel cell temperature reaches the set value, ensuring that the temperature of the fuel cell does not rise continuously during use. The cooperation between the support ring and the second limiting ring ensures that the mode switching is only triggered when the fuel cell temperature reaches the preset safety threshold, effectively preventing frequent mode switching caused by temperature fluctuations. The synergistic effect of the first and second springs provides a stable energy storage and release mechanism for the switching process, making the mode switching process fast and smooth, and minimizing temperature fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell with an integrated piezoelectric fan, taken from another angle in one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat sink and heat conduction plate in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the bidirectional pushing mechanism, the conducting component, the follow-up limiting mechanism, and the storage tank in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional pushing mechanism, the conducting component, and the follow-up limiting mechanism in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0025] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of part of the follow-up limiting mechanism in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0026] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of a sliding sleeve and a partial follower limiting mechanism in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive component and sliding sleeve in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0028] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the first piezoelectric vibrator, the second piezoelectric vibrator, and the heat-conducting plate in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan.

[0029] Figure 11 The diagram shows the air intake and exhaust flow directions of the first and second piezoelectric vibrators during deformation in one embodiment of a fuel cell heat dissipation structure that integrates a piezoelectric fan.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Radiator; 101. Slide groove; 2. Connecting plate; 201. Through hole; 3. First piezoelectric vibrator; 4. Second piezoelectric vibrator; 5. Conveying pipe; 6. Heat-conducting plate; 7. Exhaust pipe; 8. Storage tank; 9. Circulation pipe; 10. Fixing plate; 11. Electromagnetic actuator; 12. Fixing rod; 1201. Fixing ring; 13. Movable sleeve; 14. Push plate; 15. First spring; 16. Sliding sleeve; 1601. First limiting ring; 1602. Second limiting ring; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Air inlet pipe; 19. Liquid inlet pipe; 20. Second spring; 21. Movable plate; 2101. First inclined groove; 2102. Horizontal groove; 2103. Second inclined groove; 22. Support plate; 23. Movable rod; 24. Support ring; 25. Limiting post. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 11 In this embodiment of the invention, a fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan includes: Radiator 1, and connecting plate 2 fixed inside radiator 1. The side wall of connecting plate 2 has a through hole 201 that penetrates radiator 1. Heat conduction plate 6 and fixing plate 10 are fixed on radiator 1. Also includes: The first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate 2 to form a piezoelectric fan structure. The piezoelectric fan has a high wind speed and generates jet airflow to generate convection heat dissipation between the air and the surface of the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator. A bidirectional pushing mechanism is provided on the fixed plate 10. A sliding sleeve 16 is connected to the bidirectional pushing mechanism. A conductive component that communicates with the through hole 201 is provided on the sliding sleeve 16. A follow-up limiting mechanism is provided on the bidirectional pushing mechanism and connected to the sliding sleeve 16. The follow-up limiting mechanism can operate when the bidirectional pushing mechanism moves, and adjust the conduction state between the conducting component and the through hole 201 through the sliding sleeve 16.

[0034] An electromagnetic actuator 11 for providing electromagnetic force is fixed on the fixed plate 10.

[0035] Specifically, when cooling the fuel cell, heat exchange can be achieved through gas flow or cooling can be achieved through liquid flow. To cope with the heat generated by the fuel cell at different power levels, the heat dissipation method needs to be adjusted. Therefore, a thermistor is integrated into the radiator 1. The thermistor controls the current flowing through the electromagnetic actuator 11. This thermistor's resistance decreases as the temperature increases. The electromagnetic actuator 11 is composed of an iron core and a coil. When the coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic force. When the fuel cell power is low and the heat generation is small, the thermistor temperature is also low, the current flowing through the electromagnetic actuator 11 is small, and the generated electromagnetic force is also small. With the cooperation of the bidirectional pushing mechanism and the follow-up limiting mechanism, the sliding sleeve 16 is positioned at the end of its stroke near the electromagnetic actuator 11. This allows the conducting component to control one set of through holes 201 connected to the gas path to be open, while the other set of through holes 201 is blocked. Under the action of the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4, the pressure inside the radiator 1 is continuously changing. The gas is pumped to the heat-conducting plate 6 for heat exchange through the conductive components and through-hole 201. When the fuel cell power increases, resulting in increased heat dissipation, the resistance of the thermistor decreases, causing an increase in the current flowing through the electromagnetic actuator 11, thus increasing the generated electromagnetic force. Under the action of the electromagnetic force, the bidirectional pushing mechanism is controlled to move, thereby driving the follower limiting mechanism to move. The follower limiting mechanism can lock the position of the sliding sleeve 16, so that the bidirectional pushing mechanism is in the energy storage stage. When the temperature reaches the set value, the follower limiting mechanism no longer locks the sliding sleeve 16. The position is locked, and the bidirectional pushing mechanism quickly controls the movement of the sliding sleeve 16, causing the conductive component to move and switching the conduction state of the through hole 201 so that the through hole 201 is connected to the coolant path, thereby liquid cooling the fuel cell. In this state, the follow-up limiting mechanism locks the position of the sliding sleeve 16 again until the fuel cell stability drops below the safety threshold. Under the action of the bidirectional pushing mechanism, the sliding sleeve 16 is reset so that the heat dissipation method is switched back to air cooling. In this way, the safe use of the fuel cell can be ensured.

[0036] A pumping chamber is formed between the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4. The pumping chamber is connected to the through hole 201. A delivery pipe 5 is fixed on the second piezoelectric vibrator 4. The delivery pipe 5 connects the pumping chamber to the heat-conducting plate 6.

[0037] The delivery pipe 5 forms a jet channel. When the volume of the pumping chamber changes, the corresponding cooling medium can be delivered to the heat-conducting plate 6 through the jet channel according to the conduction state of the through hole 201.

[0038] The alternating voltage continuously drives the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 to deform. Through the coordinated action of the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 and the pressure difference in the pumping chamber, the continuous intake and exhaust of gas are achieved.

[0039] It should be noted that the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 are piezoelectric ceramics. The inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics is used to deform the piezoelectric vibrator, and the deformation generates a change in the volume of the pumping chamber to achieve fluid output, or the piezoelectric vibrator generates waves to transport liquid.

[0040] Preferably, in one embodiment, a ring of small holes around the piezoelectric ceramic sheet forms a channel for gas flow. During the deformation of the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4, these small holes allow gas to be drawn in or discharged from the pumping chamber, forming a directional airflow, wherein: Inhalation stage: When the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 bend outwards from the cavity, the volume of the pumping chamber increases and the internal pressure decreases. External gas enters the pumping chamber through the surrounding small holes. One-way valves are installed on the through hole 201 and the delivery pipe 5. Under the action of the one-way valve, gas or liquid can only enter the pumping chamber through the through hole 201 and then be discharged through the delivery pipe 5.

[0041] Air blowing stage: When the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 rebound towards the inside of the pumping chamber, the volume of the chamber shrinks, the internal pressure increases, and the gas is discharged through the surrounding small holes.

[0042] The distribution and size design of the orifices can reduce airflow resistance, avoid turbulence or local pressure imbalance, and ensure the continuity and efficiency of gas flow.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 A storage tank 8 is fixed to the side wall of the radiator 1. A circulation pipe 9 connected to the heat conduction plate 6 is connected to the storage tank 8. Multiple exhaust pipes 7 are connected to the side wall of the heat conduction plate 6 in a circumferentially equidistant manner.

[0044] Please see Figure 4 In detail, the through hole 201 is provided with two sets, one set for conveying gas and the other set for conveying coolant. The storage tank 8 is filled with coolant. The heat conduction plate 6 is made of heat-conducting material and is used to connect with the heat-generating area of ​​the fuel cell. Solenoid valves are installed in the exhaust pipe 7 and the circulation pipe 9, which can control the opening and closing of the exhaust pipe 7 and the circulation pipe 9 according to the heat dissipation method. One-way valves are installed on the through hole 201 and the delivery pipe 5. Under the action of the one-way valve, the gas or liquid can only enter the pumping chamber through the through hole 201 and then be discharged through the delivery pipe 5.

[0045] When air cooling of the fuel cell is required, the first piezoelectric vibrator 3 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4 activate and undergo relative deformation, causing the volume of the pumping chamber to change continuously, thus creating positive and negative pressures within the pumping chamber. When the pumping chamber is under negative pressure, gas or liquid is adsorbed through the through-hole 201. When the pumping chamber is under positive pressure, the gas or liquid in the pumping chamber is transported to the heat-conducting plate 6 through the delivery pipe 5. The gas or liquid undergoes heat exchange within the heat-conducting plate 6. If the heat-conducting plate 6 contains gas, the exhaust pipe 7 is open and the circulation pipe 9 is closed. After the gas heat exchange is completed, it will be discharged through the exhaust pipe 7. If the heat-conducting plate 6 contains liquid, the exhaust pipe 7 is closed and the circulation pipe 9 is open. After the liquid heat exchange is completed, it will flow back to the storage tank 8 through the circulation pipe 9. In this way, air cooling or liquid cooling can be automatically switched according to the power of the fuel cell, ensuring that the temperature of the fuel cell is always within a safe range.

[0046] The storage tank 8 can also be equipped with an exhaust valve. When switching from air cooling to liquid cooling, the gas remaining in the heat transfer plate 6 will enter the storage tank 8 through the circulation pipe 9. Under the action of the exhaust valve, the excess gas can be discharged from the storage tank 8 to ensure the normal use of subsequent liquid cooling.

[0047] Please see Figures 1-8 The bidirectional pushing mechanism includes a fixed rod 12 fixed on the fixed plate 10, the fixed rod 12 being slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 16, a fixed ring 1201 fixed on the fixed rod 12, a movable sleeve 13 sliding axially on the fixed rod 12, a push plate 14 fixed at the end of the movable sleeve 13, a first spring 15 and a second spring 20 sleeved on the fixed rod 12, the two ends of the first spring 15 abutting against the push plate 14 and the sliding sleeve 16 respectively, and the two ends of the second spring 20 abutting against the sliding sleeve 16 and the fixed plate 10 respectively.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4-6 , Figure 9 The conductive assembly includes a groove 101 formed on the side wall of the radiator 1. A sealing plate 17 fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 16 is slidably installed in the groove 101. An air inlet pipe 18 and a liquid inlet pipe 19 are connected to the sealing plate 17, which are symmetrically arranged and in communication with the through hole 201. The liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected to the storage tank 8.

[0049] Please see Figures 1-8The follow-up limiting mechanism includes a movable plate 21 fixed on the push plate 14 and symmetrically arranged, with a guide groove formed on the movable plate 21; it also includes a guide component and an abutment component disposed on the radiator 1 and connected to the sliding sleeve 16. The guide component includes a support plate 22 fixed on the side wall of the radiator 1 and symmetrically arranged, with a movable rod 23 slidably mounted on the support plate 22. A limiting post 25 that slides and engages with the guide groove is fixed on the movable rod 23. The abutment component includes a support ring 24 fixed to the end of the movable rod 23. A first limiting ring 1601 and a second limiting ring 1602 are fixed on the sliding sleeve 16, and the first limiting ring 1601 and the second limiting ring 1602 abut against the support ring 24.

[0050] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe 18 is connected to the outside air, and the liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected to the storage tank 8, which are used to transport air and coolant respectively. An electric disk is installed at the end of the movable sleeve 13. The magnetic poles of the electric disk are the same as the magnetic poles of the electromagnetic actuator 11 that generate electromagnetic force. Therefore, under the action of electromagnetic force, the movable sleeve 13 always has a thrust in the direction away from the electromagnetic actuator 11. Please see Figure 7 The guide groove can be divided into three sections, namely the first inclined groove 2101, the horizontal groove 2102, and the second inclined groove 2103. The two ends of the horizontal groove 2102 are connected to the ends of the first inclined groove 2101 and the second inclined groove 2103. Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 In the initial state, the fuel cell is in a low-power state, generating less heat and having a lower temperature. The current supplied to the electromagnetic actuator 11 through the thermistor is small, resulting in a smaller electromagnetic force. At this time, the movable sleeve 13 and the fixed ring 1201 are in contact. The sliding sleeve 16 is located at the end of its stroke on the side closer to the electromagnetic actuator 11, that is, the distance between the sliding sleeve 16 and the fixed plate 10 on the side away from the electromagnetic actuator 11 is the largest, and the distance between the sliding sleeve 16 and the push plate 14 is the largest. The elongation of the first spring 15 in its natural state is greater than the maximum distance between the sliding sleeve 16 and the push plate 14, and the second spring 20 is greater than the maximum distance between the sliding sleeve 16 and the fixed plate 10. Therefore, both the first spring 15 and the second spring 20 are in a pre-compressed state and always provide opposite thrusts to both sides of the sliding sleeve 16. The elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 in this state is less than the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20. Therefore, the overall thrust on the sliding sleeve 16 is directed towards the push plate 14. At this time, the sliding sleeve 16 controls the sealing plate 17 to be located at the end of the slide groove 101 near the push plate 14. Therefore, the sliding sleeve 16 no longer moves. Under the action of the sealing plate 17, the air inlet pipe 18 and the through hole 201 are connected, the liquid inlet pipe 19 and the through hole 201 are misaligned, and the limiting post 25 is located at the end of the stroke of the first inclined groove 2101 away from the horizontal groove 2102. Thus, the moving rod 23 controls the support ring 24 to be located at the end of the stroke away from the sliding sleeve 16. In this state, the support ring 24 is located in the position that cooperates with the first limiting ring 1601 and is misaligned with the second limiting ring 1602. When the fuel cell power increases, causing the temperature to rise, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic actuator 11 increases, pushing the movable sleeve 13 and the push plate 14 to move away from the electromagnetic actuator 11. The push plate 14 will first overcome the resistance of the first spring 15 and compress the first spring 15. Since the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20 is greater than that of the first spring 15, the position of the sliding sleeve 16 will not change. At the same time, the push plate 14 will also drive the movable plate 21 to move and drive the guide groove to move, so that the limiting post 25 slides relative to the movable plate 21 along the first inclined groove 2101. The limiting post 25 will also drive the support ring 24 to move towards the sliding sleeve 16 through the movable rod 23. Since the distance between the support ring 24 and the first limiting ring 1601 is very small, the support ring 24 will quickly move to the position of abutting the first limiting ring 1601. With the cooperation of the support ring 24 and the first limiting ring 1601, the sliding sleeve 16 cannot move away from the push plate 14. As the compression of the first spring 15 increases, the elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 will exceed the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20, causing the sliding sleeve 16 to move away from the push plate 14. The support ring 24 and the first limiting ring 1601 lock the position of the sliding sleeve 16. Therefore, the position of the sliding sleeve 16 on the fixed rod 12 remains unchanged, and the first spring 15 is in a continuous energy storage state. During this process, the limiting post 25 will disengage from the first inclined groove 2101 and enter the transverse groove 2102, and finally enter the second inclined groove 2103. When the temperature of the fuel cell rises to the set maximum safety value, the push plate 14 moves to the end of its stroke away from the electromagnetic actuator 11. At this time, the limiting post 25 moves to the end of its stroke on the side of the second inclined groove 2103 away from the transverse groove 2102, so that the support ring 24 separates from the first limiting ring 1601 again. At this time, the first spring 15 is released elastically and quickly pushes the sliding sleeve 16 to move away from the push plate 14, and compresses the second spring 20 until the sliding sleeve 16 moves to the end of its stroke on the other side of the sliding groove 101. In this state, the elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 is still higher than that of the second spring 20. The air inlet pipe 18 and the through hole 201 are misaligned, and the liquid inlet pipe 19 and the through hole 201 are connected, thereby realizing the switching between air cooling and water cooling. The distance between the first limiting ring 1601 and the second limiting ring 1602 on the side away from each other is equal to the maximum sliding distance of the sealing plate 17. Therefore, when the sealing plate 17 is at the end of the stroke on the other side of the slide groove 101, the first limiting ring 1601 and the support ring 24 are misaligned, while the second limiting ring 1602 moves to the position to cooperate with the support ring 24. Since the heat exchange efficiency is higher in water-cooled mode than in air-cooled mode, the temperature of the fuel cell will gradually decrease. Under the action of the thermistor, the electromagnetic thrust of the electromagnetic actuator 11 will gradually decrease. As a result, the first spring 15 will be released elastically and push the push plate 14 and the movable sleeve 13 to move toward the initial position. The push plate 14 will also drive the movable plate 21 to move, so that the limiting post 25 slides relative to the movable plate 21 along the second inclined groove 2103. The movable rod 23 controls the support ring 24 to move quickly to the position of abutting the second limiting ring 1602. Under the action of the support ring 24 and the second limiting ring 1602, the sliding sleeve 16 cannot move toward the direction of the push plate 14. As the electromagnetic thrust gradually decreases, the elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 is gradually released, and the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20 will exceed that of the first spring 15 again. The support ring 24 locks the position of the sliding sleeve 16 through the second limiting ring 1602. Therefore, the position of the sliding sleeve 16 will not change. The limiting post 25 will enter the transverse groove 2102 along the second inclined groove 2103 and slide into the first inclined groove 2101. During this process, the temperature of the fuel cell gradually decreases under the action of water cooling. When the temperature of the fuel cell reaches the initial safety threshold, it indicates that the water cooling is complete. At this time, the limiting post 25 just returns to the end of the stroke on the side of the first inclined groove 2101 away from the transverse groove 2102, and the support ring 24 is separated from the second limiting ring 1602 by the movable rod 23. At this time, the second spring 20 is released elastically and quickly pushes the sliding sleeve 16 toward the initial position until the air inlet pipe 18 is connected to the through hole 201 again and the liquid inlet pipe 19 is separated from the through hole 201.

[0051] Preferably, the cooling mode can be adaptively adjusted by temperature changes, i.e., switching between air cooling and water cooling. During the water cooling switching and cooling process, the cooperation between the support ring 24 and the first limiting ring 1601 ensures that when the fuel cell temperature reaches the set value, the air cooling is quickly switched to water cooling, ensuring that the temperature of the fuel cell does not continuously rise during use. The cooperation between the support ring 24 and the second limiting ring 1602 ensures that the temperature will only switch back to air cooling when it drops to the initial safe temperature, avoiding the situation where the entire cooling system is in a state of continuous air cooling and water cooling fluctuations because the water cooling temperature drops below the set value in the initial stage.

[0052] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0053] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan, comprising: A radiator, and a connecting plate fixed inside the radiator, the side wall of the connecting plate having a through hole penetrating the radiator, and a heat-conducting plate and a fixing plate fixed on the radiator. Its characteristic is that it further includes: The first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate; A bidirectional pushing mechanism is provided on the fixed plate, and a sliding sleeve is connected to the bidirectional pushing mechanism. The sliding sleeve is provided with a conductive component that communicates with the through hole. A follow-up limiting mechanism is provided on the bidirectional pushing mechanism and connected to the sliding sleeve. The follow-up limiting mechanism can operate when the bidirectional pushing mechanism moves, and adjust the connection state between the connecting component and the through hole through the sliding sleeve.

2. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pumping chamber is formed between the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator. The pumping chamber is connected to the through hole. A delivery pipe is fixed on the second piezoelectric vibrator, and the delivery pipe connects the pumping chamber to the heat-conducting plate.

3. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 2, characterized in that, The delivery pipe forms a jet channel. When the volume of the pumping chamber changes, the corresponding cooling medium can be delivered to the heat-conducting plate through the jet channel according to the conduction state of the through hole.

4. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 3, characterized in that, A storage tank is fixed to the side wall of the radiator, and a circulation pipe connected to the storage tank is connected to the heat conduction plate. Multiple exhaust pipes are connected to the side wall of the heat conduction plate in a circumferentially equidistant manner.

5. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bidirectional pushing mechanism includes a fixed rod fixed to the fixed plate, the fixed rod being slidably connected to the sliding sleeve, a fixed ring being fixed on the fixed rod, a movable sleeve being slidably connected to the fixed rod axially, and a push plate being fixed to the end of the movable sleeve.

6. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with an integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed rod is fitted with a first spring and a second spring. The two ends of the first spring abut against the push plate and the sliding sleeve, respectively, and the two ends of the second spring abut against the sliding sleeve and the fixed plate, respectively.

7. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conductive assembly includes a groove formed on the side wall of the radiator. A sealing plate fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve is slidably installed in the groove. An air inlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are connected to the sealing plate and are symmetrically arranged and in communication with the through hole. The liquid inlet pipe is connected to the storage tank.

8. The fuel cell heat dissipation structure with integrated piezoelectric fan according to claim 7, characterized in that, The follow-up limiting mechanism includes a movable plate fixed to the push plate and arranged symmetrically, and a guide groove is formed on the movable plate; It also includes a guide assembly and an abutment assembly disposed on the radiator and connected to the sliding sleeve.

9. A fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guiding assembly includes a support plate fixed to the side wall of the radiator and arranged symmetrically. A movable rod is slidably mounted on the support plate, and a limiting post is fixed on the movable rod to slide and engage with the guide groove.

10. A fuel cell heat dissipation structure integrating a piezoelectric fan according to claim 9, characterized in that, The abutting component includes a support ring fixed to the end of the movable rod, and a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring are fixed on the sliding sleeve. The first limiting ring and the second limiting ring abut against the support ring.

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