Method for preparing a combustion stick from stale household waste

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically to a method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste, comprising the following steps: Step S1, crushing and screening the aged municipal solid waste to remove large inert materials and metallic impurities; Step S2, performing air separation and / or magnetic separation on the screened material to separate light combustibles from heavy inorganic materials; adjusting the material moisture content to 15%-30% by adding an appropriate amount of conditioning agent according to the material's moisture content and composition, and mixing evenly; Step S3, adding a binder and combustion aid to the conditioning material; Step S4, feeding the mixed material into a molding device and extruding it into columnar combustion rods; Step S5, drying the molded combustion rods at 80-120℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%, cooling, and then packaging. Crushing facilitates subsequent molding into rod-shaped combustion rods, and removing large inert materials and metallic impurities, as well as separating combustible and non-combustible materials through air separation and / or magnetic separation, improves combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically to a method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous improvement of residents' living standards, the amount of domestic waste generated is increasing rapidly. Traditional waste disposal methods mainly include sanitary landfill and incineration power generation. Sanitary landfill occupies a large amount of land resources, and the old domestic waste in landfills (referring to waste that has been buried for many years and has undergone a certain degree of degradation and stabilization) still contains a large amount of organic matter and combustible components. If not handled properly, it will not only cause a huge waste of resources, but its long-term accumulation may also produce leachate that pollutes groundwater and releases greenhouse gases (such as methane), among other environmental problems.

[0003] With the development of waste incineration technology, aged municipal solid waste is being rediscovered and utilized for various purposes such as power generation and heat recovery. However, aged municipal solid waste is characterized by its complex composition (containing a large amount of degradation residues, soil, stones, metals, and other impurities) and fluctuating moisture content. If this aged municipal solid waste is not effectively treated before incineration, it will generate a large amount of harmful gases and waste energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing combustion rods from aged household waste, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that if these aged household wastes are not effectively treated before incineration, a large amount of harmful gases and energy waste will be generated during incineration.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste includes the following steps: Step S1, crushing and screening the aged municipal solid waste to remove large inert materials and metallic impurities; Step S2, performing air separation and / or magnetic separation on the screened material to separate light combustibles from heavy inorganic materials; adjusting the material moisture content to 15%-30% by adding an appropriate amount of conditioning agent according to the material's moisture content and composition, and mixing evenly; Step S3, adding a binder and a combustion aid to the conditioning material; Step S4, feeding the mixed material into a molding device and extruding it into columnar combustion rods; Step S5, drying the molded combustion rods at 80-120℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%, cooling, and then packaging.

[0006] A further technical solution is that the binder is selected from one or more combinations of bentonite, starch, and lignin sulfonate, and the addition amount is 3%-10% of the total weight of the material; the combustion aid is selected from one or more combinations of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and kaolin, and the addition amount is 1%-5% of the total weight of the material; and the mixture is thoroughly mixed.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the molding equipment includes a base and a molding tube horizontally arranged on the upper side of the base. One end of the molding tube is closed by a sealing plate. A feed hopper communicating with the molding tube is arranged on the upper side of the molding tube near the sealing plate. A spiral feeding rod is arranged on the molding tube at the position corresponding to the feed hopper. A cutter is installed on the upper side of the molding tube away from the sealing plate via a first electric lifting rod. A receiving plate is connected to the base at the end of the molding tube away from the sealing plate. A groove is provided on the upper side of the receiving plate, which is aligned with the inside of the molding tube. The end of the receiving plate facing the molding tube is rotatably connected to the base via a rotating bearing. The base is connected to the lower side of the receiving plate via a second electric lifting rod. The spiral feeding rod is driven by a motor.

[0008] A further technical solution is that a first connecting plate is provided on the lower side of the receiving plate, and a first connecting hole is provided on the first connecting plate that passes through both sides. The output shaft of the second electric lifting rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting hole through the first rotating shaft. The diameter of the first connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the first rotating shaft. A second connecting plate is provided on the base, and a second connecting hole is provided on the second connecting plate that passes through both sides. The fixed shaft of the second electric lifting rod is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft and the second connecting hole.

[0009] A further technical solution is that a third electric lifting rod is vertically arranged downward above the receiving plate, and a fourth electric lifting rod is horizontally connected to the output end of the third electric lifting rod. The output shaft of the fourth electric lifting rod faces the forming tube and is coaxially connected to a first push rod. A pressure hole is provided at the end of the first push rod facing the forming tube, and a pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the pressure hole. A second push rod is movably connected inside the pressure hole. The end of the second push rod placed inside the pressure hole is connected to the pressure sensor through a spring, and a top plate is connected to the end of the second push rod facing the forming tube.

[0010] A further technical solution is that a mounting bracket is provided at the end of the third electric lifting rod away from the forming tube, and a distance sensor facing the forming tube is provided on the mounting bracket.

[0011] A further technical solution is to install a fifth electric lifting rod above the feed hopper, with the output shaft of the fifth electric lifting rod facing downwards and connected to a pusher block.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Crushing facilitates subsequent shaping into rod-shaped combustion rods; removing large pieces of inert material and metallic impurities prevents these substances from affecting combustion efficiency. Air separation and / or magnetic separation further separate combustible and non-combustible materials, thereby further improving combustion efficiency. Adjusting the moisture content prevents incomplete combustion caused by excessive water vapor during combustion, thus avoiding negative impacts on combustion efficiency. Adding combustion improvers further enhances combustion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the molding equipment for a method of preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the area marked A in the middle.

[0015] Icons: 1-Base, 2-Forming tube, 3-Sealing plate, 4-Feed hopper, 5-Spiral feed rod, 6-First electric lifting rod, 7-Cutter, 8-Receiving plate, 9-Rotating bearing, 10-Second electric lifting rod, 11-Motor, 12-First connecting plate, 13-First rotating shaft, 14-Second connecting plate, 15-Second rotating shaft, 17-Third electric lifting rod, 18-Fourth electric lifting rod, 19-First top rod, 20-Pressure hole, 21-Pressure sensor, 22-Second top rod, 23-Spring, 24-Top plate, 25-Mounting bracket, 26-Distance sensor, 27-Fifth electric lifting rod, 28-Push block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0017] Figures 1 to 2 The image shows an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Example: A method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste includes the following steps: Step S1, crushing and screening the aged municipal solid waste to remove large inert materials and metallic impurities; Step S2, performing air separation and / or magnetic separation on the screened material to separate light combustibles from heavy inorganic materials; adjusting the material's moisture content to 15%-30% by adding an appropriate amount of conditioning agent according to the material's moisture content and composition, and mixing evenly; Step S3, adding a binder and combustion aid to the conditioning material; Step S4, feeding the mixed material into a molding device and extruding it into columnar combustion rods; Step S5, drying the molded combustion rods at 80-120℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%, cooling, and then packaging. Crushing facilitates subsequent molding into rod-shaped combustion rods, and removing large inert materials and metallic impurities prevents these substances from affecting combustion efficiency. Air separation and / or magnetic separation further separates combustible and non-combustible materials, thereby further improving combustion efficiency. Adjusting the moisture content can prevent incomplete combustion caused by excessive water vapor during combustion, thus avoiding poor combustion efficiency. Adding combustion improvers can further enhance combustion efficiency.

[0019] The binder is selected from one or more of bentonite, starch, and lignin sulfonate, and the addition amount is 3%-10% of the total weight of the material; the combustion aid is selected from one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and kaolin, and the addition amount is 1%-5% of the total weight of the material; mix thoroughly and evenly.

[0020] The molding equipment includes a base 1 and a molding tube 2 horizontally arranged on the upper side of the base 1. One end of the molding tube 2 is closed by a sealing plate 3. A feeding hopper 4 connected to the molding tube 2 is arranged on the upper side of the molding tube 2 near the sealing plate 3. A spiral feeding rod 5 is arranged on the molding tube 2 at the position corresponding to the feeding hopper 4. A cutter 7 is installed on the upper side of the molding tube 2 away from the sealing plate 3 through a first electric lifting rod 6. A receiving plate 8 is connected to the end of the molding tube 2 away from the sealing plate 3 on the base 1. A groove is provided on the upper side of the receiving plate 8, which is aligned with the inside of the molding tube 2. The end of the receiving plate 8 facing the molding tube 2 is rotatably connected to the base 1 through a rotating bearing 9. The base 1 is connected to the lower side of the receiving plate 8 through a second electric lifting rod 10. The spiral feeding rod 5 is driven by a motor 11. After the conditioner, binder, and combustion aid are added, the aged waste material enters the forming tube 2 through the feed hopper 4. It moves from one end of the forming tube 2 to the other via the screw feeder 5. During this movement, the aged waste material is gradually compressed and compacted, forming a rod-shaped combustion rod. After exiting the forming tube 2, it is pushed onto the receiving plate 8. After a certain length, the cutter 7 is lowered by the second electric lifting rod 10 to cut the combustion rod. After cutting, the receiving plate 8 is tilted by shortening the second electric lifting rod 10. The tilted receiving plate 8 slides the combustion rod onto the conveyor belt and is transported to the drying equipment for drying. To improve processing efficiency, multiple forming tubes 2 and receiving plates 8 are installed on the base 1, enabling the simultaneous forming of multiple combustion rods.

[0021] A first connecting plate 12 is provided on the lower side of the receiving plate 8. The first connecting plate 12 has a first connecting hole that passes through both sides. The output shaft of the second electric lifting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the first connecting hole through a first rotating shaft 13. The diameter of the first connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the first rotating shaft 13. A second connecting plate 14 is provided on the base 1. The second connecting plate 14 has a second connecting hole that passes through both sides. The fixed shaft of the second electric lifting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the second connecting hole through a second rotating shaft 15. This arrangement allows for smoother tilting of the receiving plate 8 by the second electric lifting rod 10, improving the stability of the connection and movement.

[0022] A third electric lifting rod 17 is vertically positioned downwards above the receiving plate 8. The output end of the third electric lifting rod 17 is horizontally connected to a fourth electric lifting rod 18. The output shaft of the fourth electric lifting rod 18 faces the forming tube 2 and is coaxially connected to a first push rod 19. A pressure hole 20 is provided at the end of the first push rod 19 facing the forming tube 2. A pressure sensor 21 is provided at the bottom of the pressure hole 20. A second push rod 22 is movably connected inside the pressure hole 20. The end of the second push rod 22 placed inside the pressure hole 20 is connected to the pressure sensor 21 via a spring 23. A top plate 24 is connected to the end of the second push rod 22 facing the forming tube 2. The screw feeder 5 conveys aged waste material into the forming tube 2. The fourth electric lifting rod 18 drives the top plate 24 to block the end of the forming tube 2 away from the sealing plate 3. With the help of the spring 23, the pressure sensor 21 has an initial pressure value. As the screw feeder 5 pushes the aged waste material towards the top plate 24, it gradually compresses the material, forming a compacted combustion rod. After reaching a certain compaction level, the top plate 24 is pushed to compress the spring 23 again, causing a change in pressure. At this point, the third and fourth electric lifting rods 17 and 18 work together to move the top plate 24 away from the opening of the forming tube 2. The compacted combustion rod can then be pushed out of the forming tube 2. After being pushed out to a certain length, it is cut by the cutter 7. After cutting, the third and fourth electric lifting rods 17 and 18 again block the opening of the forming tube 2 with the top plate 24, and the second electric lifting rod 10 tilts the receiving plate 8. This operation can be repeated to continuously process combustion rods.

[0023] A mounting bracket 25 is provided at the end of the third electric lifting rod 17 furthest from the forming tube 2. A distance sensor 26 is mounted on the mounting bracket 25, facing the forming tube 2. By using the mounting bracket 25 and the distance sensor 26, when the third electric lifting rod 17 moves upward, causing the top plate 24 to move away, the distance sensor 26 is precisely aligned with the opening of the forming tube 2, thereby monitoring the length of the combustion rod discharged from the forming tube 2. Once the length is appropriate, it is cut by the cutter 7. This facilitates control of the combustion rod length.

[0024] A fifth electric lifting rod 27 is installed above the feed hopper 4. The output shaft of the fifth electric lifting rod 27 is set downward and connected to a pusher block 28. By setting the pusher block 28, the aged waste material in the feed hopper 4 can be pushed into the forming tube 2, and the aged waste material is transported in conjunction with the screw feeder 5. During the transportation process, the aged waste material is compacted to form a combustion rod.

[0025] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing combustion rods from aged household waste, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step S1, crushing and screening aged household waste to remove large inert materials and metallic impurities; Step S2, performing air separation and / or magnetic separation on the screened material to separate light combustibles from heavy inorganic materials; adjusting the material moisture content to 15%-30% by adding an appropriate amount of conditioning agent according to the material's moisture content and composition, and mixing evenly; Step S3, adding binder and combustion aid to the conditioning material; Step S4, feeding the mixed material into a molding device and extruding it into columnar combustion rods; Step S5, drying the molded combustion rods at 80-120℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%, cooling them, and then packaging them.

2. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is selected from one or more of bentonite, starch, and lignin sulfonate, and the amount added is 3%-10% of the total weight of the material; the combustion aid is selected from one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and kaolin, and the amount added is 1%-5% of the total weight of the material; the mixture is thoroughly mixed.

3. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molding equipment includes a base (1) and a molding tube (2) horizontally arranged on the upper side of the base (1). One end of the molding tube (2) is closed by a sealing plate (3). A feeding hopper (4) communicating with the molding tube (2) is arranged on the upper side of the molding tube (2) near the sealing plate (3). A spiral feeding rod (5) is arranged on the molding tube (2) at the position corresponding to the feeding hopper (4). A cutting rod is installed on the upper side of the molding tube (2) away from the sealing plate (3) through a first electric lifting rod (6). The device (7) has a base (1) connected to a receiving plate (8) at one end of the forming tube (2) away from the sealing plate (3). The receiving plate (8) has a groove on its upper side, which is aligned with the inside of the forming tube (2). The receiving plate (8) facing the forming tube (2) is rotatably connected to the base (1) through a rotating bearing (9). The base (1) is connected to the lower side of the receiving plate (8) through a second electric lifting rod (10). The spiral feeding rod (5) is driven by a motor (11).

4. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving plate (8) is provided with a first connecting plate (12) on its lower side. The first connecting plate (12) is provided with a first connecting hole that passes through both sides. The output shaft of the second electric lifting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the first connecting hole through the first rotating shaft (13). The diameter of the first connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the first rotating shaft (13). The base (1) is provided with a second connecting plate (14). The second connecting plate (14) is provided with a second connecting hole that passes through both sides. The fixed shaft of the second electric lifting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the second connecting hole through the second rotating shaft (15).

5. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third electric lifting rod (17) is vertically arranged above the receiving plate (8) and pointing downwards. The output end of the third electric lifting rod (17) is horizontally connected to a fourth electric lifting rod (18). The output shaft of the fourth electric lifting rod (18) faces the forming tube (2) and is coaxially connected to a first top rod (19). A pressure hole (20) is provided at one end of the first top rod (19) facing the forming tube (2). A pressure sensor (21) is provided at the bottom of the pressure hole (20). A second top rod (22) is movably connected inside the pressure hole (20). One end of the second top rod (22) placed inside the pressure hole (20) is connected to the pressure sensor (21) through a spring (23). A top plate (24) is connected at one end of the second top rod (22) facing the forming tube (2).

6. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third electric lifting rod (17) is provided with a mounting bracket (25) at the end away from the forming tube (2), and a distance sensor (26) facing the forming tube (2) is provided on the mounting bracket (25).

7. The method for preparing combustion rods from aged municipal solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fifth electric lifting rod (27) is provided above the feed hopper (4). The output shaft of the fifth electric lifting rod (27) is set downward and is connected to a pusher block (28).

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