A beamless light-weight outfitting wharf structure and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of port and coastal engineering, and more particularly to a light-weight outfitting wharf structure without cross beam and a construction method thereof; the structure comprises an upper structure, a lower structure and a mooring facility; the upper structure comprises longitudinal beams, pipe trench beams and face plates; the lower structure comprises straight piles and forked piles; and the mooring facility comprises a ship-berthing structure, fenders and mooring columns. The present application adopts pile foundation for the lower structure of the wharf, adopts longitudinal beam system + superimposed face plate structure for the upper structure, directly casts the longitudinal beams on the pile foundation, sets a pair of forked piles under the longitudinal beams to resist horizontal force, and makes the bottom elevation of the longitudinal beams level with the designed high water level, so that the wharf is not affected by the rise and fall of tides in the engineering area, can be constructed all day long, and greatly shortens the construction period; under the premise of meeting the requirements of structural safety and heavy lifting process, the prefabricated parts are miniaturized, large-scale hoisting equipment is not needed, the parts can be manufactured and installed on site, the amount of concrete, steel bars and formwork is greatly reduced, and the structure is more lightweight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port and coastal engineering technology, and more specifically to a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Outfitting wharves are wharves used for the installation of machinery, instruments, devices, and facilities for ship repair and construction; they are an important component of shipyards. High-pile wharves are a type of wharf structure primarily built on soft soil foundations. They are a common structural form used in port engineering for outfitting wharves. Rock-embedded piles can also be used in rock foundations. Their working characteristic is that the load acting on the wharf is transferred to the foundation through the pile foundation. They are lightweight and have good wave-damping effects.

[0003] In recent years, with the booming global shipbuilding market, shipyards have experienced significant business growth, leading to increased demands on infrastructure. Whether it's new shipyards or expansions of existing facilities, outfitting wharves are being built in greater numbers, placing higher demands on their structural quality. High-pile beam-slab wharves, typically composed of pile foundations, pile caps, crossbeams, longitudinal beams, and decking, usually employ a combination of cast-in-place and precast structures. Construction on water is easily affected by wind, waves, currents, and tides, limiting construction opportunities. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on wharf structural design, necessitating lighter structures, fewer construction steps, and compliance with high efficiency, energy conservation, green practices, and environmental protection standards.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN211815986U (publication date: October 30, 2020) discloses a high-pile, beamless wharf structure, comprising: multiple pile foundations driven into the seabed along the wharf shore; multiple precast pile caps fitted onto the top of the pile foundations to facilitate support for the upper structure; multiple precast wing plates, with both ends or four sides of the wing plates inclined downwards, and the corners of the wing plates resting on adjacent precast pile caps; and a cast-in-place surface layer located on top of the precast wing plates. The precast wing plates and pile foundations are fixedly connected to the cast-in-place surface layer. This utility model makes extensive use of lightweight precast components, resulting in fast construction speed. The amount of water-based pouring is small, and the project cost is low. The precast wing plates serve as bottom formwork, saving a lot of formwork materials. It effectively solves the problem of high requirements for construction machinery due to the weight of the panel. The portion of the cast-in-place surface layer located at the pile foundation improves the performance of bearing continuous concentrated loads, which can meet the berthing requirements of large ships with a capacity of 50,000 DWT or more. It is especially suitable for earthquake-prone areas, improving the applicability of the wharf.

[0005] Chinese utility model patent CN203834422U (publication date: December 4, 2018) discloses a novel high-pile wharf, including a high-pile platform, pile foundation, and a connecting structure connected to the storage yard behind the wharf. The connecting structure comprises a concrete frame and several wall piles, which are fixedly connected to the concrete frame. A cast-in-place concrete cap beam and breast wall are placed on top of the concrete frame, forming an integral wall pile frame connecting structure. This wall pile frame connecting structure is connected to the high-pile platform. This utility model uses a wall pile frame connecting structure, eliminating the need for foundation treatment. The wall pile frame connecting structure has high rigidity and stability, capable of withstanding large horizontal loads, eliminating the impact of lateral displacement of backfill soil on the wharf structure caused by factors such as rapid loading speed at the rear, which is present in traditional high-pile wharf types. It also reduces the impact of uneven settlement of soft soil foundations, lateral deformation of backfill soil, slope sliding, and seismic loads on the wharf's pile platform structure.

[0006] In existing technologies, high-pile wharves solve the problems of high self-weight and weak load-bearing capacity of traditional beamless slab wharves by forming a beam effect through the overlapping of precast wing plates and pile caps and the local thickening of the cast-in-place surface layer. However, beamless slab wharves still have the problem of not being able to berth larger ships and adapt to larger superstructure loads. By using a wall pile frame shore connection structure to replace the traditional retaining wall, the problems of poor wharf stability and the need for foundation treatment caused by the weak load-bearing capacity of the shore connection structure are solved. However, the problem of traditional high-pile wharves being easily affected by tides and having limited construction windows is still not solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure, characterized in that it includes: a superstructure, a substructure and mooring facilities; The superstructure includes: longitudinal beams, trench beams, and panels; The substructure includes: straight piles and forked piles; The mooring and berthing facilities include: berthing structure, fenders and mooring bollards; The straight piles are fixedly connected to the left and right sides below the trench beam; The forked pile is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal beam.

[0008] The forked piles consist of inclined piles arranged in symmetrical directions, and are spatially offset from the straight piles.

[0009] The longitudinal beam is fixedly connected to the panel, and the trench beam is set on the left and right sides of the longitudinal beam.

[0010] The berthing structure is set on both sides of the dock, and the berthing structure is equipped with fenders on the outside and mooring bollards on the top.

[0011] The bottom elevation of the longitudinal beam is level with the design high water level.

[0012] Furthermore, the panel is a laminated panel.

[0013] This application also provides a construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure, including the following steps: Step S1: Determine the bottom elevation of the beam based on the analysis of hydrological design data; Step S2: Determine the design scheme of the mooring and berthing facilities based on the ship's load calculations; Step S3: Perform structural stability and strength calculations according to the current specifications for high-pile wharves, perform pile foundation bearing capacity calculations according to the current pile foundation design specifications, and determine the design schemes for the superstructure and substructure. Step S4: Fabricate prefabricated components that meet the requirements; Step S5: Construct the substructure of the wharf; Step S6: Construct the superstructure of the wharf; Step S7: Construction of the berthing facilities at the wharf.

[0014] Step S5 includes: Step S51: Establish a construction survey control network and perform pile driving positioning that meets the accuracy requirements; Step S52: Select a suitable pile driving method based on geological conditions and pile type; Step S53: Conduct quality inspection and acceptance of the pile foundation.

[0015] Step S6 includes: Step S61: Concrete is poured on the pile foundation to obtain the longitudinal beam and the trench beam; Step S62: Panel installation.

[0016] Step 7 includes: Step S71: Construction of the ship-mounted structure; Step S72: Construction of fenders and mooring bollards.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages and effects of this application are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure. The lower structure of the wharf adopts pile foundation, and the upper structure does not need to be equipped with crossbeams. It adopts a longitudinal beam system + composite panel structure, and the longitudinal beams are directly cast on the pile foundation. A pair of forked piles are set under the longitudinal beams to resist horizontal forces. The bottom elevation of the longitudinal beams is level with the design high water level, which can be unaffected by the rise and fall of tides in the project area, allowing for all-weather construction and greatly shortening the construction period.

[0018] 2. The present invention provides a construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of structural safety and heavy lifting technology, the beams are eliminated, the prefabricated components are miniaturized, large lifting equipment is not required, and on-site fabrication and installation are possible. This significantly reduces the amount of concrete, steel bars and formwork used, resulting in a lightweight structure and simplified node construction. Compared with the beamless slab high-pile wharf structure, it can adapt to the continuous concentrated loads such as those from rails, and the overall structural stress is better. It can berth larger ships and adapt to larger superstructure loads. Compared with the traditional high-pile beam-slab structure, the structure is simple and lightweight, significantly reducing project costs, shortening the construction period and improving construction convenience, and has broad application prospects.

[0019] 3. The present invention provides a construction method for a beam-less lightweight outfitting wharf structure. By eliminating the beams and using forked piles to resist horizontal forces, the wharf structure can be made lighter, the construction process can be reduced as much as possible, and the requirements of high efficiency, energy saving, green and environmental protection can be achieved.

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0023] in: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pile location arrangement of the structure in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam and slab arrangement of the structure in this application.

[0024] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Superstructure; 2-Substructure; 3-Mooring facilities; 11-Longitudinal beam; 12-Pipe trench beam; 13-Panel panel; 21-Straight pile; 22-Forked pile; 31-Mooring structure; 32-Fender; 33-Mooring bollard. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided merely to help fully understand the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures are omitted in the embodiments.

[0026] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0027] Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples within this application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0028] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" describes another type of relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0029] In this article, the term "at least one" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "at least one of A and B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone.

[0030] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment introduces a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure. Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pile location arrangement of the structure in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam and slab arrangement of the structure in this application.

[0032] The structure of this application includes: a superstructure 1, a substructure 2, and a mooring facility 3; The superstructure 1 includes: longitudinal beams 11, trench beams 12, and panel 13; The lower structure 2 includes: straight piles 21 and forked piles 22; The mooring facility 3 includes: a berthing structure 31, a fender 32, and a bollard 33; The straight pile 21 is fixedly connected to the left and right sides below the trench beam 12; The fork pile 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal beam 11.

[0033] The forked pile 22 is composed of inclined piles arranged in symmetrical directions, and is spatially offset from the straight pile 21.

[0034] The longitudinal beam 11 is fixedly connected to the panel 13, and the trench beam 12 is arranged on the left and right sides of the longitudinal beam 11.

[0035] The berthing structure 31 is installed on both sides of the dock. The berthing structure 31 is equipped with a fender 32 on the outside and a mooring bollard 33 on the top.

[0036] The bottom elevation of the longitudinal beam 11 is level with the design high water level.

[0037] Preferably, the panel 13 is a laminated panel.

[0038] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is as follows: The light-duty outfitting wharf structure without crossbeams provided by this embodiment adopts pile foundations for the lower structure of the wharf, and the upper structure does not need to be equipped with crossbeams. It adopts a longitudinal beam system + composite panel structure, and the longitudinal beams are directly cast on the pile foundation. A pair of forked piles are set under the longitudinal beams to resist horizontal forces. The bottom elevation of the longitudinal beams is level with the design high water level, which can be unaffected by the rise and fall of tides in the project area, allowing for all-weather construction and greatly shortening the construction period.

[0039] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example introduces a construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure.

[0040] The construction method includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the bottom elevation of the beam based on the analysis of hydrological design data; Step S2: Based on the ship load calculation, determine the design scheme of mooring facility 3; Step S3: Perform structural stability and strength calculations according to the current specifications for high-pile wharves, perform pile foundation bearing capacity calculations according to the current pile foundation design specifications, and determine the design schemes for the superstructure 1 and the substructure 2. Step S4: Fabricate prefabricated components that meet the requirements; Step S5: Construct the substructure of the wharf 2; Step S6: Construct the superstructure of the wharf 1; Step S7: Construction of the wharf berthing facility 3.

[0041] The technical effects achieved by this embodiment are as follows: The construction method of the beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure provided in this embodiment eliminates the setting of beams while meeting the requirements of structural safety and heavy lifting technology. The prefabricated components are miniaturized, eliminating the need for large lifting equipment. On-site fabrication and installation are possible, which greatly reduces the amount of concrete, steel bars and formwork used. The structure is lightweight and simplifies the construction of nodes. Compared with the beamless slab high-pile wharf structure, it can adapt to the action of continuous concentrated loads such as rails, and the overall structure has good stress resistance. It can berth larger ship types and adapt to larger superstructure loads. Compared with the traditional high-pile beam slab structure, the structure is simple and lightweight, which significantly reduces the project cost, shortens the construction period and improves the convenience of construction. It has broad application prospects.

[0042] Example 3 Based on Embodiments 1 and 2 above, this embodiment further introduces a construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure.

[0043] Step S5 of this construction method: Constructing the substructure 2 of the wharf, including: Step S51: Establish a construction survey control network and perform pile driving positioning that meets the accuracy requirements; Step S52: Select a suitable pile driving method based on geological conditions and pile type; Step S53: Conduct quality inspection and acceptance of the pile foundation.

[0044] Step S6: Construct the superstructure 1 of the wharf, including: Step S61: The longitudinal beam 11 and the trench beam 12 are obtained by pouring concrete on the pile foundation; Step S62: Construction of panel 13.

[0045] Step S7: Construction of the berthing facility 3 at the wharf, including: Step S71: Construction of 31-boat structure; Step S72: Construction of fenders 32 and bollards 33.

[0046] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is as follows: Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further illustrates a construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure. By eliminating the setting of beams and resisting horizontal forces through forked piles, the wharf structure can be made lighter, the construction process can be reduced as much as possible, and the requirements of high efficiency, energy saving, green and environmental protection can be achieved.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions, parameter adjustments, or reasonable changes to the functional implementation methods made by those skilled in the art under the guidance of the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beamless light-weight outfitting quay structure, characterized by include: The superstructure (1), the substructure (2) and the mooring facilities (3); The superstructure (1) includes: longitudinal beams (11), trench beams (12), and panels (13). The lower structure (2) includes: straight piles (21) and forked piles (22); The mooring facilities (3) include: berthing structure (31), fender (32) and bollard (33); The straight pile (21) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides below the trench beam (12); The fork pile (22) is fixedly connected to the underside of the longitudinal beam (11); The forked pile (22) is composed of inclined piles arranged in a symmetrical direction, and is spatially offset from the straight pile (21); The longitudinal beam (11) is fixedly connected to the panel (13), and the trench beam (12) is arranged on the left and right sides of the longitudinal beam (11); The mooring structure (31) is set on both sides of the dock. The mooring structure (31) is equipped with a fender (32) on the outside and a mooring bollard (33) on the top.

2. A beamless light-weight outfitting quay structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom elevation of the longitudinal beam (11) is level with the design high water level.

3. The construction method for a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure according to claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the bottom elevation of the beam based on the analysis of hydrological design data; Step S2: Based on the ship load calculation, determine the design scheme of the mooring facility (3); Step S3: Perform structural stability and strength calculations according to the current specifications for high-pile wharves, perform pile foundation bearing capacity calculations according to the current pile foundation design specifications, and determine the design schemes for the superstructure (1) and substructure (2). Step S4: Fabricate prefabricated components that meet the requirements; Step S5: Construction of the substructure of the wharf (2); Step S6: Construction of the superstructure of the wharf (1); Step S7: Construction of the berthing facilities (3) at the wharf.

4. The construction method of a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: Step S51: Establish a construction survey control network and perform pile driving positioning that meets the accuracy requirements; Step S52: Select a suitable pile driving method based on geological conditions and pile type; Step S53: Conduct quality inspection and acceptance of the pile foundation.

5. The construction method of a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S6 includes: Step S61: The longitudinal beam (11) and the trench beam (12) are obtained by pouring concrete on the pile foundation. Step S62: Panel (13) construction.

6. The construction method of a beamless lightweight outfitting wharf structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 7 includes: Step S71: Construction of the mooring structure (31); Step S72: Construction of fenders (32) and bollards (33).

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