Supporting waterproof system for underground works

Abstract

The application discloses a supporting waterproof system for underground engineering and relates to the technical field of underground engineering supporting waterproof, which comprises two bottom supports arranged symmetrically and a control module. An arched support is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom support through bolts. The outer sides of the bottom support and the arched support are covered with water-blocking steel plates. Notches are formed at the two ends of the water-blocking steel plates. Detection mechanisms and air-drying mechanisms are arranged on the sides of the two bottom supports that are close to each other. The application is provided with drilling assemblies and detection assemblies that can move back and forth along the moving tracks. In combination with the switching structure of the drilling machine and the drilling rod opening and the osmometer jack detection, the application realizes the water detection mode of multiple positions, multiple holes and periodic replacement of the inner wall of the engineering, and has the advantages of improving the authenticity and continuity of the water monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering support and waterproofing technology, specifically to a support and waterproofing system for underground engineering. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of underground engineering, underground buildings, and tunnel projects, temporary support is usually required for the exposed inner walls of the project after the initial excavation is completed. This is to maintain the stability of the surrounding rock and create conditions for subsequent structural construction. At the same time, the inner walls of the project are often in a complex hydrological environment after excavation. Their water content directly affects the construction quality of subsequent support processes such as sprayed concrete. Therefore, accurately grasping the moisture status of the inner walls of the project during the temporary support stage is one of the key links in the construction of underground engineering.

[0003] In actual construction, the moisture state of the inner wall of the project is not static, but changes continuously over time, with changes in groundwater recharge conditions and the release of surrounding rock stress. If the moisture changes of the inner wall cannot be continuously and accurately grasped during the temporary support stage, construction personnel often have to rely on experience or single test results to judge whether the conditions for spraying concrete are met. This can easily lead to premature construction when the moisture content of the inner wall is too high, resulting in problems such as poor concrete adhesion, hollowing or falling off, which affects the reliability of the initial support.

[0004] In existing underground engineering projects, temporary support and waterproofing testing are usually implemented as relatively independent construction steps. The support structure is mostly made of steel frame, steel plate or shotcrete, and its main function is to provide structural stability, but it lacks effective feedback on the moisture status of the inner wall of the project. Waterproofing testing mostly relies on manually opening test holes in the inner wall of the project and burying test instruments. This type of test method usually only reflects the moisture or seepage pressure status of a single hole at a certain moment, and it is difficult to reflect the overall moisture change pattern of the inner wall of the project during the support stage. Furthermore, since the detection wells are exposed to complex underground environments for a long time during construction, the structure of the well walls and the condition of the detection probes will change over time. For example, adjustments in the surrounding rock structure, sediment deposition, or microbial adhesion may all affect the accuracy of the detection results. Under such circumstances, even if data from the same detection well is continuously acquired, it is difficult to guarantee that it truly reflects the actual water content of the inner wall of the project, thereby weakening the guiding significance of the detection results for construction decisions.

[0005] Therefore, a common situation exists in existing underground engineering construction: during the temporary support stage, although the inner wall of the project achieves a certain degree of structural stability, its moisture state is difficult to continuously and reliably control. There is a lack of effective connection between support, testing and subsequent construction, which results in significant uncertainty in the construction quality of key processes such as sprayed concrete. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support and waterproofing system for underground engineering projects to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering projects, comprising: The support assembly includes at least two spaced-apart bottom supports and arched supports fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom supports respectively. The bottom supports and the arched supports together form an arched support structure for internal support of the inner wall of the underground project. The water-blocking and diversion assembly includes a water-blocking steel plate covering the outside of the bottom support and the arched support. The water-blocking steel plate is attached to the inner wall of the underground project, and both ends of the plate form openings for seepage drainage, so that the seepage water from the inner wall of the project flows in a directional manner along the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate and is discharged. A detection interface component is disposed on the water-blocking steel plate, including at least one detection window, which is used to provide a through-channel for drilling detection of the inner wall of the project. The detection mechanism, located on one side of the bottom support close to each other, includes a drilling assembly for controllable drilling of the inner wall of the project, a detection assembly for inserting into the borehole to detect moisture parameters, and an analysis assembly for collecting and weighing the slag generated during the drilling process to obtain water content information at the corresponding location of the inner wall of the project. Under the control of the control module, the drilling assembly and the detection assembly can repeatedly perform drilling and detection operations at different locations along the longitudinal direction of the underground project. The analysis assembly is located inside the water-retaining steel plate. A drying mechanism, installed on the water-retaining steel plate, is used to directionally supply air to the interlayer space between the water-retaining steel plate and the inner wall of the project during the testing or support stage, so as to reduce the surface moisture of the inner wall of the project.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the water-blocking steel plate has a detection window, a drainage window, and a drying window arranged sequentially from top to bottom on both sides of the bottom support. The detection window and the drainage window have strip-shaped openings, and the drying window has a square opening.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the detection mechanism includes a moving track arranged longitudinally along the underground project and a connecting component that moves relative to the moving track, so that the drilling component and the detection component can perform drilling and detection at different longitudinal positions corresponding to the water-retaining steel plate.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the outer wall of the moving track is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom support. The connecting component includes a horizontal plate, which is slidably connected to the lower side of the moving track. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate away from the bottom support. An electric wheel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate. The roller of the electric wheel contacts the outer wall of the moving track. The electric wheel is used to drive the connecting plate and the horizontal plate to slide relative to the moving track.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, a first motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate, a first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a sliding frame is slidably connected to the lower side of the transverse plate, the drilling assembly is fixed on the sliding frame, the upper inner wall of the sliding frame is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod, and the first motor is used to drive the sliding frame to slide relative to the transverse plate.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the drilling assembly includes a drilling machine and a drill rod. The drilling machine is fixed on the sliding frame and is controlled by the control module to drive the drill rod to rotate and open a hole in the inner wall of the project. One end of the drill rod extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate through the detection window. The outer wall of the drill rod does not contact the inner wall of the detection window. The sliding frame moves away from or towards the bottom support.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the detection component includes a second motor and a piezometer. The second motor is fixed on the connecting plate, and a limiting hole is also opened on the connecting plate. A telescopic rod is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole. A second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. The outer wall of the second threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic rod. The piezometer is located at the end of the telescopic rod away from the second motor. The piezometer extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate through the detection window. The second motor is controlled by the control module to drive the piezometer to probe into the borehole to measure the moisture content.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the outer wall of the telescopic rod and the inner wall of the second threaded rod are both hexagonal prism structures, the outer diameter of the piezometer is consistent with the outer diameter of the drill rod, and the horizontal height of the piezometer and the drill rod is consistent.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the analysis component includes a pressure gauge and a soil storage hopper. A base plate is fixedly connected to the side of the water-retaining steel plate near the bottom support. The upper side of the base plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure gauge. The soil storage hopper has a hollow structure, and its bottom or side wall is provided with a filter screen corresponding to the drainage window, so that free water in the slag can seep out. One side of the outer wall of the soil storage hopper is slidably connected to the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plate. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper. The lower side of the pressure plate is in contact with the outer wall of the pressure gauge. The pressure gauge is used to detect the pressure between the pressure plate and the base plate. A heating wire is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper. The heating wire is used to heat the soil storage hopper. The control module calculates the moisture content of the corresponding inner wall of the project based on the weight change of the slag before and after heating.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, a strip-shaped moving hole is provided on the soil storage hopper, and the piezometer and the drill rod pass through the strip-shaped moving hole and the detection window in sequence. The height of the drainage window is located at the lower middle part of the soil storage hopper.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the air-drying mechanism includes a fan, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plate, the output end of which is connected to the air-drying window, and a winding motor is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plate by bolts. A pull rope is wound around the output end of the winding motor. A baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the notch on the lower side of the water-retaining steel plate by a torsion spring. The lower end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle. The air-drying mechanism is used for drainage of the inner wall of the project.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. By setting up water-retaining steel plates that fit the inner wall of the project and bottom supports and arch supports that support them internally, a stable arch temporary support structure is formed without concrete spraying. This allows the inner wall of the project to obtain reliable support after excavation and guides the seepage water to flow in a directional direction along the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plates to the openings on both sides for discharge, thereby reducing the risk of the inner wall softening due to water and local instability. 2. By setting up drilling and detection components that can move back and forth along a moving track, and combining a switchable structure for drilling rig and drill rod opening and piezometer insertion detection, a multi-position, multi-hole, and periodically replaceable moisture detection method is realized on the inner wall of the project. This avoids the deviation of detection data caused by factors such as changes in the borehole wall structure and biofilm adhesion in traditional single-hole long-term detection, and improves the authenticity and continuity of moisture monitoring. 3. By setting up a soil hopper, pressure gauge, filter screen and heating wire corresponding to the detection window, the soil is collected, weighed in real time, dried and weighed again during the drilling process. This allows the control module to calculate the changes in soil density and moisture content at different points at the same time, and then estimate the rate of water loss from the inner wall of the project, providing a quantitative basis for the evaluation of waterproofing effect. 4. By setting up a drying mechanism consisting of a fan, drying window, pull rope and baffle, the space between the water-retaining steel plate and the inner wall of the project is dried by directional air supply during the middle of the use of the device and before removal. This effectively reduces the impact of residual moisture on the detection accuracy and the adhesion performance of subsequent concrete spraying, and improves the overall reliability of the underground engineering construction connection. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water-retaining steel plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air-drying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the deflection stroke of the baffle in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Bottom support; 2. Arched support; 3. Water-retaining steel plate; 4. Inspection window; 5. Drainage window; 6. Drying window; 7. Inspection mechanism; 701. Moving track; 702. Horizontal plate; 703. Connecting plate; 704. Electric wheel; 705. First motor; 706. First threaded rod; 707. Sliding frame; 708. Drill rig; 709. Drill rod; 710. Limiting hole; 711. Second motor; 712. Second threaded rod; 713. Telescopic rod; 714. Piezometer; 715. Pressure plate; 716. Base plate; 717. Pressure gauge; 718. Soil hopper; 719. Heating wire; 720. Filter screen; 8. Air drying mechanism; 801. Fan; 802. Winding motor; 803. Pull rope; 804. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a support and waterproofing system for underground engineering, comprising: The support assembly includes at least two spaced-apart bottom supports 1 and arched supports 2 fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom supports 1 respectively. The bottom supports 1 and the arched supports 2 together form an arched support structure for internal support of the inner wall of the underground project. The water-blocking and diversion assembly includes a water-blocking steel plate 3 covering the outside of the bottom support 1 and the arched support 2. The water-blocking steel plate 3 is attached to the inner wall of the underground project, and both ends of it form openings for seepage discharge, so that the seepage water from the inner wall of the project flows in a directional manner along the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate 3 and is discharged. The detection interface component is set on the water-retaining steel plate 3 and includes at least one detection window 4, which is used to provide a through-channel for drilling detection of the inner wall of the project. The water-blocking steel plate 3 has inspection windows 4, drainage windows 5 and air-drying windows 6 arranged sequentially from top to bottom on both sides of the bottom support 1. Among them, inspection windows 4 and drainage windows 5 have strip-shaped openings, and air-drying windows 6 have square openings. After the initial excavation of the underground project is completed and the exposed inner wall is formed, the construction workers first carry out basic treatment on the inner wall of the project, including removing surface loose soil, loose rock debris and local protruding structures, so as to ensure that the water-retaining steel plate 3 can form a large-area fit with the inner wall of the project. The entire device is then lifted to the designed installation position, so that the water-blocking steel plate 3 is attached to the inner wall of the project, with its two ends facing the inner wall of the project to facilitate subsequent water diversion. After the water-retaining steel plate 3 is positioned against the wall, the bottom support 1 is placed below the inner side of the water-retaining steel plate 3, and the arch support 2 is positioned above the inner side of the water-retaining steel plate 3. The bottom support 1 and the arch support 2 are then fixedly connected to the inner side of the water-retaining steel plate 3 by bolts, so that the bottom support 1 and the arch support 2 form a stable arched inner support structure. After the bolts are pre-tightened, the structure applies an outward radial support force to the water-retaining steel plate 3, causing the water-retaining steel plate 3 to bend and fit along the inner wall of the project, thereby forming a continuous and fitted support interface between the water-retaining steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the project. When water seepage occurs on the inner wall of the project, the water is no longer directly exposed in the support area, but flows to both sides along the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plate 3 and is discharged through the openings at both ends of the water-retaining steel plate 3. If multiple support components and water-retaining and guiding components formed by bottom support 1, arch support 2, and water-retaining steel plate 3 are installed in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the project, a continuous arch support and water guiding structure is formed between adjacent water-retaining steel plates 3, realizing temporary support and water guidance for a long underground project section, and providing a stable inner wall condition for subsequent testing and construction stages.

[0022] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-10Based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the detection mechanism 7 is set on one side of the bottom support 1 that is close to each other, including a drilling component for controllable drilling of the inner wall of the project, a detection component for inserting into the borehole to detect moisture parameters, and an analysis component for collecting and weighing the slag generated during the drilling process to obtain the water content information of the corresponding inner wall position of the project. Under the control of the control module, the drilling component and the detection component can repeatedly perform drilling and detection operations at different positions along the longitudinal direction of the underground project. The analysis component is set inside the water-retaining steel plate 3. The detection mechanism 7 includes a moving track 701 set along the longitudinal direction of the underground project and a connecting component that moves relative to the moving track 701, so that the drilling component and the detection component can perform drilling and detection at different longitudinal positions corresponding to the water-retaining steel plate 3.

[0023] The outer wall of the moving track 701 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom support 1. The connecting component includes a horizontal plate 702, which is slidably connected to the lower side of the moving track 701. A connecting plate 703 is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate 702 away from the bottom support 1. An electric wheel 704 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 703. The roller of the electric wheel 704 contacts the outer wall of the moving track 701. The electric wheel 704 is used to drive the connecting plate 703 and the horizontal plate 702 to slide relative to the moving track 701.

[0024] A first motor 705 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 703. A first threaded rod 706 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 705. A sliding frame 707 is slidably connected to the lower side of the transverse plate 702. A drilling assembly is fixed on the sliding frame 707. The upper inner wall of the sliding frame 707 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod 706. The first motor 705 is used to drive the sliding frame 707 to slide relative to the transverse plate 702.

[0025] The drilling assembly includes a drill rig 708 and a drill rod 709. The drill rig 708 is fixed on a sliding frame 707 and is controlled by a control module to drive the drill rod 709 to rotate and drill a hole in the inner wall of the project. One end of the drill rod 709 extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate 3 through the detection window 4. The outer wall of the drill rod 709 does not contact the inner wall of the detection window 4. The sliding frame 707 moves away from or towards the bottom support 1.

[0026] The detection assembly includes a second motor 711 and a piezometer 714. The second motor 711 is fixed on a connecting plate 703. A limiting hole 710 is also provided on the connecting plate 703. A telescopic rod 713 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole 710. A second threaded rod 712 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 711. The outer wall of the second threaded rod 712 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic rod 713. The piezometer 714 is located at the end of the telescopic rod 713 away from the second motor 711. The piezometer 714 extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate 3 through the detection window 4. The second motor 711 is controlled by the control module to drive the piezometer 714 to probe into the borehole to measure the moisture content.

[0027] After the support structure is fixed in the embodiment, the control module powers on the detection mechanism 7 to initialize it, so that the first motor 705, the second motor 711, the electric wheel 704 and the drilling rig 708 are in standby mode. First, the first motor 705 starts and drives the first threaded rod 706 to rotate. Since the first threaded rod 706 is threadedly connected to the sliding frame 707, the sliding frame 707 is pushed towards the inner wall of the project along the direction of the transverse plate 702. During the pushing process of the sliding frame 707, the drilling rig 708 and the drill rod 709 fixed on its outer wall are simultaneously driven to move towards the outside of the water-blocking steel plate 3 through the detection interface assembly, i.e. the detection window 4. After the front end of the drill rod 709 abuts against the inner wall of the project, the drilling machine 708 is started, causing the drill rod 709 to rotate and drill into the inner wall of the project. During the drilling process, the drill rod 709 always extends through the detection window 4, and its outer wall maintains a gap with the inner wall of the detection window 4, so as not to contact the water-blocking steel plate 3, thereby avoiding the transmission of drilling vibration to the support structure. After the drilling is completed, the first motor 705 is driven in reverse to completely withdraw the drill rod 709 from the drilling hole. Subsequently, the electric wheel 704 is started, causing it to roll along the moving track 701, thereby driving the connecting plate 703 to move along the moving track 701. Since the second motor 711, the second threaded rod 712, the telescopic rod 713, and the piezometer 714 are all fixed on the connecting plate 703, the piezometer 714 is adjusted in the longitudinal direction to the same position as the formed borehole. Then, the second motor 711 drives the second threaded rod 712 to rotate, pushing the telescopic rod 713, which is threaded to it, to extend, so that the piezometer 714 can be inserted into the borehole through the detection window 4, thereby realizing the real-time detection of the deep moisture state of the inner wall of the project. After completing a single-well test, the control module can control the testing components and drilling components in the testing mechanism 7 to move back and forth along the moving track 701, repeating the drilling and testing process at different positions, thereby forming a multi-well, multi-cycle moisture monitoring system, avoiding the detection distortion caused by factors such as changes in pore wall structure and biofilm adhesion in traditional single-well testing.

[0028] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 1-10Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the analysis component includes a pressure gauge 717 and a soil storage hopper 718. A base plate 716 is fixedly connected to the side of the water-blocking steel plate 3 near the bottom support 1. The upper side of the base plate 716 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure gauge 717. The soil storage hopper 718 has a hollow structure, and a filter screen 720 corresponding to the drainage window 5 is provided on its bottom or side wall to allow free water in the slag to seep out. One side of the outer wall of the soil storage hopper 718 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate 3. A pressure plate 715 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper 718. The lower side of the pressure plate 715 is in contact with the outer wall of the pressure gauge 717. The pressure gauge 717 is used to detect the pressure between the pressure plate 715 and the base plate 716. A heating wire 719 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper 718 for heating the soil storage hopper 718. The control module calculates the moisture content of the corresponding inner wall of the project based on the weight change of the slag before and after heating.

[0029] A strip-shaped moving hole is provided on the soil storage hopper 718. The pressure gauge 714 and the drill rod 709 pass through the strip-shaped moving hole and the detection window 4 in sequence. The drainage window 5 is located at the lower middle part of the soil storage hopper 718.

[0030] During drilling operations in Example 2, the slag formed by the cutting of the drill rod 709 falls directly into the soil storage hopper 718 located inside the water-blocking steel plate 3 under the action of gravity through the detection window 4. The soil storage hopper 718 has a hollow structure, and its bottom and side walls are provided with seepage channels that cooperate with the filter screen 720, so that the free water in the slag can gradually seep downwards. After the excavated soil falls into the storage hopper 718, its weight is transmitted to the pressure gauge 717 through the pressure plate 715 on the outer wall of the storage hopper 718. The pressure gauge 717 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 716, and the excavated soil weight data is collected in real time and fed back to the control module. The control module calculates the initial compaction state of the soil at the point based on the weight of the excavated soil formed by a single drilling and the corresponding drilling parameters. After the initial weighing is completed, the heating wire 719 set on the outer wall of the soil storage hopper 718 is activated to continuously heat the soil inside the soil storage hopper 718, so that the moisture inside the soil gradually evaporates and is discharged through the filter screen 720. After heating for a period of time and reaching a stable weight state, the pressure gauge 717 weighs again, and the control module calculates the moisture content of the batch of soil by comparing the weight difference before and after. The control module acquires data from the analysis component and combines it with data from multiple borehole tests to further calculate the rate of water loss and density change trends at different locations on the inner wall of the project, providing data support for the evaluation of the waterproofing effect of the support.

[0031] Example 4: Please refer to Figures 1-6Based on Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a drying mechanism 8, which is installed on the water-blocking steel plate 3 and is used to directionally supply air to the interlayer space between the water-blocking steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the project during the testing or support stage, so as to reduce the surface moisture of the inner wall of the project. The drying mechanism 8 includes a fan 801, the outer wall of the fan 801 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate 3, the output end of the fan 801 is connected to the drying window 6, the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate 3 is also fixedly connected to a winding motor 802 by bolts, the output end of the winding motor 802 is wound with a pull rope 803, the inner wall of the lower side notch of the water-blocking steel plate 3 is hinged to a baffle 804 by a torsion spring, and the lower end of the pull rope 803 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle 804. The drying mechanism 8 is used for drainage of the inner wall of the project. In the middle and later stages of the device's operation, or after the completion of a phased test, in order to prevent moisture from remaining between the water-blocking steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the project for a long time, the air-drying mechanism 8 is activated to carry out overall air-drying treatment. The specific operation is as follows: First, the winding motor 802 drives the pull rope 803 to tighten, so that the baffle 804, which is fixedly connected to the pull rope 803, rotates around its torsion spring and opens to one side, thereby forming an airflow channel at the lower opening of the water-blocking steel plate 3. Then, the fan 801, which is located on the other side of the water-retaining steel plate 3, is started. The fan 801 sends outside air into the space between the water-retaining steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the project through the air drying window 6. The airflow flows along the inner wall of the project and finally exits from the opening on the other side. Under the continuous action of airflow, the inner wall surface and residual seepage water evaporate rapidly, preventing moisture from accumulating on the back of the water-blocking steel plate 3; After the drying process is completed, the blower 801 can be stopped, and the drying mechanism 8 can be briefly restarted before the entire device is dismantled to keep the inner wall of the project in a relatively dry state. This allows for direct concrete spraying after the device is removed, significantly improving the adhesion stability and construction quality between the concrete and the inner wall of the project.

[0032] This solution provides a support and waterproofing system for underground engineering. A water-retaining steel plate 3 is fitted onto the inner wall of the project, and the bottom support 1 and arched support 2 are used to internally support and fix the water-retaining steel plate 3. This provides temporary support for the inner wall of the project while guiding seepage water to drain out along the outer wall of the water-retaining steel plate 3. Inspection windows 4, drainage windows 5, and drying windows 6 are installed on the water-retaining steel plate 3, and an inspection mechanism 7 is arranged on its inner side. A drilling rig 708 and drill rod 709 perform switchable drilling on the inner wall of the project, and a piezometer 714 is used to monitor different hole positions. Periodic moisture testing is conducted, and the drilled soil is collected into the storage hopper 718. The soil is then weighed and dried using a pressure gauge 717, a filter screen 720, and a heating wire 719 to obtain the moisture content and moisture changes at different locations on the inner wall of the project. In addition, a drying mechanism 8 consisting of a fan 801, a pull rope 803, and a baffle 804 is installed to directionally dry the interlayer space between the water-blocking steel plate 3 and the inner wall of the project, thus forming a continuous and coordinated construction system for support, waterproofing testing, and subsequent concrete spraying.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering, characterized in that: include: The support assembly includes at least two spaced-apart bottom supports (1) and arched supports (2) fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom supports (1), wherein the bottom supports (1) and the arched supports (2) together form an arched support structure for internal support of the inner wall of the underground project; The water-blocking and diversion assembly includes a water-blocking steel plate (3) covering the outside of the bottom support (1) and the arched support (2). The water-blocking steel plate (3) is attached to the inner wall of the underground project, and both ends of the plate have openings for water seepage discharge, so that the water seepage from the inner wall of the project flows in a directional manner along the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate (3) and is discharged. The detection interface component is disposed on the water-blocking steel plate (3) and includes at least one detection window (4), which is used to provide a through-channel for drilling detection of the inner wall of the project; The detection mechanism (7) is set on one side of the bottom support (1) that are close to each other. It includes a drilling assembly for controllable drilling of the inner wall of the project, a detection assembly for inserting into the borehole to detect moisture parameters, and an analysis assembly for collecting and weighing the slag generated during the drilling process to obtain the water content information of the corresponding inner wall position of the project. The drilling assembly and the detection assembly can repeatedly perform drilling and detection operations at different positions along the longitudinal direction of the underground project under the control of the control module. The analysis assembly is set inside the water-retaining steel plate (3). A drying mechanism (8) is installed on the water-blocking steel plate (3) and is used to directionally supply air to the interlayer space between the water-blocking steel plate (3) and the inner wall of the project during the testing or support stage, so as to reduce the surface moisture of the inner wall of the project.

2. The support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-blocking steel plate (3) has a detection window (4), a drainage window (5) and a drying window (6) arranged from top to bottom on both sides of the bottom support (1). The detection window (4) and the drainage window (5) have strip-shaped openings, and the drying window (6) has a square opening.

3. The support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (7) includes a moving track (701) set along the longitudinal direction of the underground project and a connecting component that moves relative to the moving track (701), so that the drilling component and the detection component can drill and detect at different longitudinal positions corresponding to the water-retaining steel plate (3).

4. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the moving track (701) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom support (1). The connecting assembly includes a horizontal plate (702), which is slidably connected to the lower side of the moving track (701). A connecting plate (703) is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate (702) away from the bottom support (1). An electric wheel (704) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate (703). The roller of the electric wheel (704) contacts the outer wall of the moving track (701). The electric wheel (704) is used to drive the connecting plate (703) and the horizontal plate (702) to slide relative to the moving track (701).

5. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first motor (705) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate (703), and a first threaded rod (706) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (705). A sliding frame (707) is slidably connected to the lower side of the transverse plate (702). The drilling assembly is fixed on the sliding frame (707). The upper inner wall of the sliding frame (707) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod (706). The first motor (705) is used to drive the sliding frame (707) to slide relative to the transverse plate (702).

6. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drilling assembly includes a drill (708) and a drill rod (709). The drill (708) is fixed on the sliding frame (707) and controlled by the control module to drive the drill rod (709) to rotate and open a hole in the inner wall of the project. One end of the drill rod (709) extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate (3) through the detection window (4). The outer wall of the drill rod (709) does not contact the inner wall of the detection window (4). The sliding frame (707) moves away from or towards the bottom support (1).

7. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection assembly includes a second motor (711) and a piezometer (714). The second motor (711) is fixed on the connecting plate (703). A limiting hole (710) is also provided on the connecting plate (703). A telescopic rod (713) is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole (710). A second threaded rod (712) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (711). The outer wall of the second threaded rod (712) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic rod (713). The piezometer (714) is located at the end of the telescopic rod (713) away from the second motor (711). The piezometer (714) extends to the outside of the water-blocking steel plate (3) through the detection window (4). The second motor (711) is controlled by the control module to drive the piezometer (714) to probe into the borehole for moisture measurement.

8. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The analysis components include a pressure gauge (717) and a soil storage hopper (718). A base plate (716) is fixedly connected to the side of the water-retaining steel plate (3) near the bottom support (1). The upper side of the base plate (716) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure gauge (717). The soil storage hopper (718) has a hollow structure, and its bottom or side wall is provided with a filter screen (720) corresponding to the drainage window (5) so that free water in the slag can seep out. One side of the outer wall of the soil storage hopper (718) is connected to the water-retaining steel plate (3). The outer wall is slidably connected, and a pressure plate (715) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper (718). The lower side of the pressure plate (715) is in contact with the outer wall of the pressure gauge (717). The pressure gauge (717) is used to detect the pressure between the pressure plate (715) and the bottom plate (716). A heating wire (719) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the soil storage hopper (718). The heating wire (719) is used to heat the soil storage hopper (718). The control module calculates the moisture content of the corresponding inner wall of the project based on the weight change of the slag before and after heating.

9. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The soil storage hopper (718) has a strip-shaped moving hole. The piezometer (714) and the drill rod (709) pass through the strip-shaped moving hole and the detection window (4) in sequence. The height of the drainage window (5) is located on the lower side of the middle part of the soil storage hopper (718).

10. A support and waterproofing system for underground engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air-drying mechanism (8) includes a fan (801), the outer wall of the fan (801) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate (3), the output end of the fan (801) is connected to the air-drying window (6), the outer wall of the water-blocking steel plate (3) is also fixedly connected to a winding motor (802) by bolts, the output end of the winding motor (802) is wound with a pull rope (803), the inner wall of the lower side notch of the water-blocking steel plate (3) is hinged with a baffle (804) by a torsion spring, the lower end of the pull rope (803) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle (804), and the air-drying mechanism (8) is used for drainage of the inner wall of the project.

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