Grinding device for large error castings

Abstract

The application discloses a large-error casting grinding device, which comprises a machining platform, a three-axis machining assembly fixedly arranged at the upper surface of the machining platform, a telescopic arm structure fixedly connected to one end of the three-axis machining assembly, a grinding unit fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic arm structure, and a scanning assembly fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic arm structure, wherein the scanning assembly comprises a 3D laser scanner and a blowing unit. The whole technical scheme formed by the combination of the three-axis machining assembly, the grinding unit, the scanning assembly and a negative pressure air suction assembly can realize adaptive scanning and grinding of the large-error casting, meanwhile, the optical element is protected by temperature control by using the waste heat of the casting, the air circulation generated by the Roots blower is utilized to clean the sand and maintain the temperature stability of the scanning environment, on the one hand, the thermal expansion measurement error caused by the high-temperature casting is avoided, and on the other hand, the condensation water mist generated by the intersection of cold and hot air on the lens surface is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining and manufacturing technology, and is particularly applicable to grinding equipment for castings with large errors. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of heavy machinery, automotive chassis parts, and construction machinery, casting blanks are usually formed by sand casting. Due to factors such as mold wear and uneven shrinkage of molten metal during cooling, these castings generally have large dimensional errors, and their surfaces are covered with stubborn molding sand, oxide scale, and gating remnants.

[0003] To achieve automated processing, a precise three-dimensional contour scan of the casting is necessary to determine the actual machining allowance. However, in existing laser scanners, the molding sand on the casting surface can hinder the normal recognition of the laser sensor, thus requiring the molding sand to be cleaned. Existing technologies typically use fixed air nozzles to blow air across the scanning area. Since the temperature of castings that have just been demolded or have undergone previous processes is often high, the low-temperature airflow rapidly heats the casting surface after contacting it, forming a turbulent hot airflow with uneven density. When the laser beam passes through this non-uniform medium, it will be refracted and scattered, resulting in random jumps in the measurement data.

[0004] At the same time, directly blowing compressed air at room temperature can cause the cold gas to impact the high temperature metal surface instantly, which may also cause micro-cracks or local thermal shrinkage deformation on the surface of the casting, resulting in the dimensions obtained by scanning not being the true dimensions of the casting.

[0005] In other words, existing technologies have the following technical problems: when ordinary large-error casting grinding equipment uses a laser scanner to scan the casting and then uses ordinary air blowing for cleaning, it easily leads to uneven air density, affecting scanning accuracy. Therefore, to address the above problems, a grinding equipment suitable for large-error casting is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a grinding equipment suitable for large-error castings to solve the problem that ordinary large-error casting grinding equipment in the prior art, when scanning castings with a laser scanner and cleaning with ordinary air blowing, easily leads to uneven air density.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a grinding apparatus suitable for large-error castings is provided, comprising: The machining platform has a three-axis machining assembly fixedly installed on its upper surface. The three-axis machining assembly consists of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit, and a Z-axis moving unit. One end of the three-axis machining assembly is fixedly connected to a telescopic arm structure, and the other end of the telescopic arm structure is fixedly connected to a grinding unit. A scanning assembly is also fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic arm structure. The scanning assembly includes a 3D laser scanner and a blower unit. The blowing unit is connected to a Roots blower; The Roots blower is also connected to a negative pressure suction assembly, which includes a suction hood and a heat-conducting contact part.

[0008] Furthermore, the Z-axis moving unit of the three-axis machining assembly includes a Z-axis guide shell, a Z-axis moving seat, and a Z-axis screw, with the Z-axis moving seat slidably connected in the inner cavity of the Z-axis guide shell; The telescopic boom structure includes a fixed boom, a movable boom, and an electric push rod; The fixed arm is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat, and the moving arm is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the fixed arm. An electric push rod is also fixedly connected between the fixed arm and the moving arm.

[0009] Furthermore, the 3D laser scanner is fixedly positioned below the fixed arm, and the air blowing unit of the scanning component includes a flat nozzle and an arc-shaped guide plate. The flat nozzle is fixedly positioned above the 3D laser scanner, and the front end of the flat nozzle is also fixedly connected to the arc-shaped guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a movable rod is fixedly connected to one side of the intake hood, and a support rod is slidably connected to the movable rod. The support rod is fixedly connected to an auxiliary vibration component.

[0011] Furthermore, a number of heat-conducting contact parts are fixedly provided on the air intake cover. The heat-conducting contact parts include heat-conducting metal wires and elastic metal wires. The heat-conducting metal wires are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the air intake cover.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the heat-conducting metal wire is fixedly connected to an elastic metal wire, which extends to the outer wall of the air intake cover.

[0013] Furthermore, a filter chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intake hood, and the filter chamber is interconnected with the inner cavity of the intake hood. A filter bag is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the filter chamber. The input end of the Roots blower is connected to the inner cavity of the filter chamber via a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective cover is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the 3D laser scanner. An airflow channel is provided inside the protective cover. One side of the airflow channel is fixedly connected to the second connecting air pipe, and the other side of the airflow channel is fixedly connected to the first connecting air pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the auxiliary vibration assembly includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, an eccentric wheel, a fixed rack, and a vibration seat; A guide bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed arm. A guide groove is provided on the guide bracket. A vibration seat is slidably connected in the guide groove of the guide bracket. The support rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the vibration seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the first rotating shaft is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat. A first transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft, and a transmission gear is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft. A fixed rack is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis guide shell, and the transmission gear and the fixed rack mesh with each other. A second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the guide bracket. A second transmission wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft. A first transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft. A transmission belt is sleeved between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel. An eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the second rotating shaft. One end of a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the vibration seat.

[0017] In order to solve the technical problem that conventional laser scanning equipment is easily affected by hot airflow and surface foreign objects when facing castings with molding sand adhering to the surface and high temperature, resulting in a decrease in scanning accuracy, this application designs an integrated device that integrates scanning, preheating, grinding and waste heat recovery. The overall technical solution formed by the combination of a three-axis machining component, a grinding unit, a scanning component and a negative pressure suction component can realize adaptive scanning and grinding of castings with large errors. At the same time, the waste heat of the casting itself is used to protect the optical element by temperature control. The airflow generated by the Roots blower is used to maintain the temperature stability of the scanning environment while cleaning the molding sand. On the one hand, it avoids the measurement error of thermal expansion caused by high temperature castings, and on the other hand, it prevents the condensation of water mist generated by the convergence of hot and cold air on the lens surface. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a side perspective view of one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side connection structure according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a grinding unit according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a side connection diagram of an auxiliary vibration assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the Z-axis guide housing according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scanning component according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the protective cover according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a negative pressure suction assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a negative pressure suction assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Machining platform; 2. Three-axis machining assembly; 201. X-axis support; 202. X-axis guide rod; 203. X-axis moving seat; 204. X-axis screw; 205. First servo motor; 206. Linkage rod; 207. Bevel gear set; 208. Y-axis crossbeam; 2081. Guide rail; 209. Y-axis moving seat; 210. Y-axis screw; 211. Second servo motor; 212. Z-axis guide shell; 213. Z-axis moving seat; 214. Z-axis screw; 215. Third servo motor; 3. Telescopic boom structure; 301. Fixed boom; 302. Moving boom; 303. Electric push rod; 4. Grinding unit; 401. Motor bracket; 402. Grinding tool; 403. Drive motor; 5. Scanning assembly; 501. 3D laser scanner; 502. Protective cover; 5021. Airflow channel; 503. Flat nozzle; 504. Arc-shaped guide plate; 505. First connecting air pipe; 506. Second connecting air pipe; 6. Negative pressure suction assembly; 601. Suction hood; 602. Support rod; 603. Moving rod; 604. Support spring; 605. Contact rod; 606. Ball bearing; 607. Heat-conducting contact part; 6071. Heat-conducting metal wire; 6072. Elastic metal wire; 608. Filter chamber; 609. Filter bag; 7. Auxiliary vibration assembly; 701. First rotating shaft; 702. Transmission gear; 703. Fixed rack; 704. First transmission wheel; 705. Guide bracket; 706. Second rotating shaft; 707. Second transmission wheel; 708. Transmission belt; 709. Eccentric wheel; 710. Connecting rod; 711. Vibration seat; 8. Roots blower; 801. Output pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this is suitable for grinding equipment for castings with large errors, including: The machining platform 1 has a three-axis machining component 2 fixedly installed on its upper surface. The three-axis machining component 2 consists of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit, and a Z-axis moving unit. It is used to control the movement and positioning of the grinding unit 4 and the scanning component 5 in three-dimensional space through three-axis linkage to adapt to castings of different sizes. One end of the three-axis machining assembly 2 is fixedly connected to a telescopic arm structure 3, and one end of the telescopic arm structure 3 is fixedly connected to a grinding unit 4, which is used to perform grinding operations on the surface of the casting. A scanning component 5 is also fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic arm structure 3. The scanning component 5 includes a 3D laser scanner 501 and a blowing unit, which is used to perform non-contact scanning on the area to be processed of the casting before or during grinding to obtain three-dimensional contour data, and to clean the molding sand and impurities on the surface through the blowing unit. The blowing unit is connected to a Roots blower 8; The Roots blower 8 is also connected to a negative pressure suction assembly 6, which includes a suction hood 601 and a heat-conducting contact part 607, used to collect the heat lost from the casting to preheat the intake air and to suck and filter the dust in the grinding area.

[0023] This application presents an integrated technical solution consisting of a three-axis machining assembly 2, a grinding unit 4, a scanning assembly 5, and a negative pressure suction assembly 6. This solution enables adaptive scanning and grinding of castings with large errors. Simultaneously, it utilizes the waste heat of the casting itself to provide temperature control protection for the optical components. By using the airflow generated by the Roots blower 8, the temperature stability of the scanning environment is maintained while cleaning the molding sand. This avoids thermal expansion measurement errors caused by high-temperature castings and prevents condensation water mist generated on the lens surface due to the convergence of hot and cold air.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of this application, see [reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the X-axis moving unit of the three-axis machining assembly 2 includes an X-axis guide rod 202, an X-axis moving seat 203, and an X-axis screw 204.

[0025] There are two X-axis guide rods 202, which are distributed on both sides of the upper surface of the machining platform 1. Both ends of the X-axis guide rods 202 are fixedly connected to X-axis brackets 201, which are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the machining platform 1.

[0026] An X-axis movable seat 203 is slidably connected to the X-axis guide rod 202, and an X-axis screw 204 is rotatably connected between the two X-axis supports 201. The X-axis screw 204 passes through the X-axis movable seat 203 and is threadedly engaged with the X-axis movable seat 203, forming a transmission structure that converts rotational motion into linear motion. Further, see Figure 2 As shown, in order to drive the X-axis moving seat 203 to move smoothly along the X-axis direction, a first servo motor 205 is fixedly installed on the side wall of one of the X-axis brackets 201, and the end of the output shaft of the first servo motor 205 is fixedly connected to one end of the X-axis screw 204.

[0027] A linkage rod 206 is rotatably connected between the two X-axis screws 204. The two X-axis screws 204 are respectively poweredly connected to the two ends of the linkage rod 206 through a bevel gear set 207 to form a synchronous transmission mechanism.

[0028] With this technical solution, when the first servo motor 205 is started, it can drive the X-axis screw 204 to rotate, thereby achieving synchronous forward and backward movement of the two X-axis moving seats 203 through the linkage rod 206 and the bevel gear set 207, thus ensuring the parallelism of the Y-axis beam 208 during the movement process.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the Y-axis moving unit of the three-axis machining assembly 2 includes a Y-axis beam 208, a Y-axis moving seat 209, and a Y-axis screw 210.

[0030] The two ends of the Y-axis beam 208 are fixedly connected to two X-axis movable seats 203 respectively. A guide rail 2081 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the Y-axis beam 208. A slider that cooperates with the guide rail 2081 is provided on the Y-axis movable seat 209 to form a linear guide structure in the Y-axis direction.

[0031] A Y-axis screw 210 is rotatably connected between the two walls of the Y-axis beam 208. The Y-axis screw 210 passes through the Y-axis moving seat 209 and is threadedly engaged with the Y-axis moving seat 209 to form a feed transmission structure in the Y-axis direction.

[0032] A second servo motor 211 is fixedly installed on one side of the Y-axis beam 208, and the end of the output shaft of the second servo motor 211 is fixedly connected to one end of the Y-axis screw 210.

[0033] With this technical solution, when the second servo motor 211 rotates, it can drive the Y-axis moving seat 209 to move laterally along the guide rail 2081, thereby adjusting the working position of the grinding unit 4 and the scanning component 5 in the Y-axis direction, and realizing the position adjustment of the casting width direction.

[0034] As a further technical solution, see [link / reference]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the Z-axis moving unit of the three-axis machining assembly 2 includes a Z-axis guide housing 212, a Z-axis moving seat 213, and a Z-axis screw 214.

[0035] Z-axis guide housing 212 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of Y-axis moving seat 209. Z-axis moving seat 213 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of Z-axis guide housing 212. Z-axis screw 214 is rotatably connected between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of Z-axis guide housing 212. Z-axis screw 214 passes through Z-axis moving seat 213 and is threadedly engaged with Z-axis moving seat 213. A third servo motor 215 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of Z-axis guide housing 212. The end of the output shaft of the third servo motor 215 is fixedly connected to the upper end of Z-axis screw 214.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, when the third servo motor 215 drives the Z-axis screw 214 to rotate, it can drive the Z-axis moving seat 213 to move up and down along the Z-axis guide shell 212, so that the grinding unit 4 and the scanning component 5 can move and adjust in the Z-axis direction, thus realizing the tracking of castings of different thicknesses.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic arm structure 3 includes a fixed arm 301, a movable arm 302, and an electric push rod 303.

[0038] The fixed arm 301 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat 213. The moving arm 302 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the fixed arm 301. An electric push rod 303 is also fixedly connected between the fixed arm 301 and the moving arm 302 to provide extension and retraction driving force. The extension and retraction of the electric push rod 303 can push the moving arm 302 to slide in the inner cavity of the fixed arm 301, thereby further adjusting the working radius of the grinding unit 4.

[0039] Further, see Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the grinding unit 4 includes a motor bracket 401, a drive motor 403, and a grinding tool 402. The motor bracket 401 is fixedly mounted at one end of the moving arm 302. The drive motor 403 is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket 401, and the grinding tool 402 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 403.

[0040] Through this technical solution, the high-speed rotation of the drive motor 403 can drive the grinding tool 402 to rotate, thereby grinding the surface of the casting to remove flash, burrs and excess material from the surface of the casting, thus realizing the correction of the casting dimensions.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the 3D laser scanner 501 is fixedly installed below the fixed arm 301. The air blowing unit of the scanning component 5 includes a flat nozzle 503 and an arc-shaped guide plate 504. The flat nozzle 503 is fixedly installed above the 3D laser scanner 501. The front end of the flat nozzle 503 is also fixedly connected to the arc-shaped guide plate 504 to guide the airflow direction.

[0042] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the Roots blower 8 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed arm 301. One end of the output pipe 801 is fixedly connected to the output end of the Roots blower 8, and the other end of the output pipe 801 is connected to the flat nozzle 503 to form a gas delivery channel.

[0043] With this technical solution, when the Roots blower 8 is started, it can output high-pressure airflow and deliver it to the flat nozzle 503 through the output pipe 801. At the same time, the arc-shaped guide plate 504 changes the jet angle of the airflow, which can guide the airflow to the surface of the casting and play a purging role. The airflow tilts downward to cover the scanning area and cleans the surface of the casting that is gradually approaching. It is used in conjunction with the negative pressure suction component 6 to form a unidirectional flow field and form a cleaning mode of blowing and suction at the same time to remove molding sand and surface dust.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the negative pressure suction component 6 is located below the flat air nozzle 503 and is used to extract the molding sand and hot air that are blown up.

[0045] See Figure 9 As shown, a movable rod 603 is fixedly connected to one side of the suction hood 601, and a support rod 602 is slidably connected to the movable rod 603. The support rod 602 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary vibration assembly 7, which is used to support the suction hood 601 and guide it to move up and down. The negative pressure suction assembly 6 vibrates up and down through the drive of the auxiliary vibration assembly 7.

[0046] Further, see Figure 10 As shown, one end of a support spring 604 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the support rod 602, and the other end of the support spring 604 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the moving rod 603. Through this technical solution, the elastic force of the support spring 604 can buffer the impact force when the suction cover 601 comes into contact with the casting, providing elastic avoidance space when in contact with the casting, and playing a buffer protection role.

[0047] Furthermore, see Figure 9 As shown, in order to efficiently absorb the waste heat from the surface of the casting, a number of heat-conducting contact parts 607 are fixedly provided on the air intake hood 601. The heat-conducting contact parts 607 include heat-conducting metal wires 6071 and elastic metal wires 6072. The heat-conducting metal wires 6071 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the air intake hood 601 to conduct heat from the surface of the casting.

[0048] One end of the thermally conductive metal wire 6071 is fixedly connected to an elastic metal wire 6072, which extends to the outer wall of the suction shroud 601 to form a flexible contact structure for adhering to the surface of the casting. With this technical solution, when the suction hood 601 moves with the scanning component 5, it can drive the elastic metal wire 6072 to slide on the surface of the casting, so that the heat on the surface of the casting is transferred to the heat-conducting metal wire 6071 through the elastic metal wire 6072, which plays the role of preheating the intake airflow.

[0049] On the one hand, it can increase the temperature of the gas entering the Roots blower 8 to reduce the temperature difference with the surface of the casting. On the other hand, it can also use the vibration of the auxiliary vibration component 7 to shake off the molding sand adhering to the elastic metal wire 6072. In conjunction with the auxiliary vibration component 7, the suction hood 601 will generate a slight vibration to help clean the molding sand adhering to it. It is especially suitable for castings with large errors and rough surfaces with adhering molding sand.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution, in order to reduce movement resistance, contact rods 605 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the side wall of the suction hood 601. One end of the contact rod 605 is fitted with a ball bearing 606, which is used to convert sliding friction into rolling friction. When the suction hood 601 follows the scanning motion, it can smoothly slide on the surface of the casting through the ball bearing 606, which plays a guiding and anti-collision protection role.

[0051] As a further technical solution, see Figure 10 As shown, a filter chamber 608 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction hood 601. The filter chamber 608 is interconnected with the inner cavity of the suction hood 601 and is used to draw in hot air containing molding sand. A filter bag 609 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the filter chamber 608 to intercept large particles of molding sand and prevent them from entering the pipeline.

[0052] The input end of the Roots blower 8 is connected to the inner cavity of the filter chamber 608 through the first connecting air pipe 505 and the second connecting air pipe 506, forming a closed air circulation loop. Through this technical solution, the dust-laden hot air below the suction hood 601 can be drawn into the filter chamber 608 by the suction action of the Roots blower 8, and then filtered by the filter bag 609 to become clean hot air. The clean hot air is then returned to the Roots blower 8 through the first connecting air pipe 505 and the second connecting air pipe 506, realizing the recycling of heat.

[0053] By using the negative pressure suction component 6 and the scanning component 5 together, the temperature of the casting itself is used to preheat the intake airflow and heat the temperature of the blowing air. This can effectively avoid the problems of local thermal stress deformation caused by the direct action of ordinary low-temperature blowing air on the surface of high-temperature casting, as well as the refraction error caused by the density difference between hot and cold air in the scanning optical path.

[0054] Furthermore, to prevent condensation from forming on the lens of the 501 3D laser scanner due to temperature differences, please refer to... Figure 8 As shown, a protective cover 502 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the 3D laser scanner 501. An airflow channel 5021 is provided inside the protective cover 502. One side of the airflow channel 5021 is fixedly connected to the second connecting air pipe 506, and the other side of the airflow channel 5021 is fixedly connected to the first connecting air pipe 505, forming a heating air duct surrounding the lens. The hot airflow pumped by the Roots blower 8 can flow through the airflow channel 5021, thereby heating the protective cover 502 and playing the role of drying, moisture prevention and temperature compensation, avoiding condensation caused by low temperature.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of this application, see [reference] Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the auxiliary vibration assembly 7 includes a first rotating shaft 701, a second rotating shaft 706, an eccentric wheel 709, and a vibration seat 711.

[0056] A guide bracket 705 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed arm 301. A guide groove is provided on the guide bracket 705. A vibration seat 711 is slidably connected in the guide groove of the guide bracket 705. A support rod 602 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the vibration seat 711.

[0057] Furthermore, the first rotating shaft 701 is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat 213 and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat 213. A first transmission wheel 704 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft 701, and a transmission gear 702 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft 701. A fixed rack 703 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis guide housing 212. The transmission gear 702 and the fixed rack 703 mesh with each other to convert the vertical movement of the Z-axis moving seat 213 into the rotational movement of the first rotating shaft 701. When the Z-axis moving seat 213 moves up and down, it can drive the transmission gear 702 to roll along the fixed rack 703, thereby driving the first rotating shaft 701 to rotate accordingly.

[0058] Furthermore, a second rotating shaft 706 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the guide bracket 705, a second transmission wheel 707 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 706, a first transmission wheel 704 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft 701, and a transmission belt 708 is sleeved between the first transmission wheel 704 and the second transmission wheel 707 to form a belt drive structure for transmitting power to the vibration seat 711.

[0059] See Figure 9 As shown, an eccentric wheel 709 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the second rotating shaft 706. One end of a connecting rod 710 is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 709. The other end of the connecting rod 710 is rotatably connected to the vibrating seat 711, forming a crank-slider mechanism.

[0060] Through this technical solution, the rotation of the second rotating shaft 706 can drive the eccentric wheel 709 to rotate, thereby pulling the vibration seat 711 to move up and down in the guide bracket 705 through the connecting rod 710, which in turn drives the air intake hood 601 to generate reciprocating vibration.

[0061] The overall technical solution formed by the combination of the air intake cover 601, the heat-conducting contact part 607 and the auxiliary vibration component 7 can, on the one hand, use the waste heat of the casting to preheat the air intake and heat the airflow flowing through the protective cover 502, and on the other hand, use mechanical vibration in conjunction with the heat-conducting contact part 607 to assist in peeling and cleaning the molding sand from the surface of the casting in contact.

[0062] As a preferred material option, the elastic metal wire 6072 can be made of soft, high thermal conductivity metal materials such as phosphor bronze, brass, or aluminum alloy, which ensures good heat conduction efficiency while avoiding scratching the surface of the casting due to excessive material hardness.

[0063] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this application does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. Applicable to grinding equipment for castings with large errors, characterized in that: include: A machining platform (1) is provided with a three-axis machining assembly (2) fixedly installed on the upper surface of the machining platform (1). The three-axis machining assembly (2) is composed of an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit and a Z-axis moving unit. One end of the three-axis machining assembly (2) is fixedly connected to a telescopic arm structure (3), and one end of the telescopic arm structure (3) is fixedly connected to a grinding unit (4). A scanning assembly (5) is also fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic arm structure (3), the scanning assembly (5) including a 3D laser scanner (501) and a blower unit; The blowing unit is connected to a Roots blower (8); The Roots blower (8) is also connected to a negative pressure suction assembly (6), which includes a suction hood (601) and a heat-conducting contact part (607). A plurality of heat-conducting contact parts (607) are fixedly provided on the air intake cover (601). The heat-conducting contact parts (607) include heat-conducting metal wires (6071) and elastic metal wires (6072). The heat-conducting metal wires (6071) are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the air intake cover (601). The bottom of the air intake hood (601) is fixedly connected to a filter chamber (608), and the filter chamber (608) is interconnected with the inner cavity of the air intake hood (601). A filter bag (609) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the filter chamber (608). The input end of the Roots blower (8) is connected to the inner cavity of the filter chamber (608) through the first connecting pipe (505) and the second connecting pipe (506); The 3D laser scanner (501) is fixedly connected to a protective cover (502) at its outer periphery. An airflow channel (5021) is provided inside the protective cover (502). One side of the airflow channel (5021) is fixedly connected to a second connecting air pipe (506), and the other side of the airflow channel (5021) is fixedly connected to a first connecting air pipe (505).

2. The grinding equipment for castings with large errors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis moving unit of the three-axis machining assembly (2) includes a Z-axis guide shell (212), a Z-axis moving seat (213) and a Z-axis screw (214), and the Z-axis moving seat (213) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the Z-axis guide shell (212). The telescopic arm structure (3) includes a fixed arm (301), a movable arm (302), and an electric push rod (303). The fixed arm (301) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat (213). A moving arm (302) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the fixed arm (301). An electric push rod (303) is also fixedly connected between the fixed arm (301) and the moving arm (302).

3. The grinding equipment for castings with large errors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 3D laser scanner (501) is fixedly installed below the fixed arm (301). The air blowing unit of the scanning component (5) includes a flat nozzle (503) and an arc-shaped guide plate (504). The flat nozzle (503) is fixedly installed above the 3D laser scanner (501). The front end of the flat nozzle (503) is also fixedly connected to the arc-shaped guide plate (504).

4. The grinding equipment for large-error castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A movable rod (603) is fixedly connected to one side of the air intake hood (601), and a support rod (602) is slidably connected to the movable rod (603). The support rod (602) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary vibration assembly (7).

5. The grinding equipment for castings with large errors according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the heat-conducting metal wire (6071) is fixedly connected to an elastic metal wire (6072), which extends to the outer wall of the air intake cover (601).

6. The grinding equipment for large-error castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary vibration assembly (7) includes a first rotating shaft (701), a second rotating shaft (706), an eccentric wheel (709), a fixed rack (703), and a vibration seat (711). A guide bracket (705) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed arm (301). A guide groove is provided on the guide bracket (705). A vibration seat (711) is slidably connected in the guide groove of the guide bracket (705). The support rod (602) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the vibration seat (711).

7. The grinding equipment for castings with large errors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (701) is disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis moving seat (213) and is rotatably connected to the Z-axis moving seat (213). A first transmission wheel (704) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft (701). A transmission gear (702) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft (701). The fixed rack (703) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the Z-axis guide shell (212). The transmission gear (702) and the fixed rack (703) mesh with each other. A second rotating shaft (706) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the guide bracket (705), and a second transmission wheel (707) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft (706). A first transmission wheel (704) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the first rotating shaft (701), and a transmission belt (708) is sleeved between the first transmission wheel (704) and the second transmission wheel (707). An eccentric wheel (709) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped wall of the second rotating shaft (706). One end of a connecting rod (710) is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel (709). The other end of the connecting rod (710) is rotatably connected to the vibration seat (711).

Images