Regenerative thermal combustion device for organic waste gas purification treatment and process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a heat accumulating type thermal combustion device for organic waste gas purification treatment and belongs to the technical field of organic waste gas purification. The device comprises an RTO heat accumulating combustion furnace, an exhaust gas pipeline and an exhaust gas discharge device. The exhaust gas pipeline comprises an air inlet section fixedly installed at an exhaust gas outlet of the RTO heat accumulating combustion furnace, a discharge section fixedly installed at an air inlet of the exhaust gas discharge device and a heat exchange section flange-connected between the air inlet section and the discharge section. Two connecting ends penetrating through the heat exchange section are fixedly installed on the heat exchange section. A flow divider located in the heat exchange section is fixedly installed on each of the two connecting ends. The device is driven by temperature feedback to realize a multi-stage and cooperative adjustment mechanism of 'flow adjustment-flow field optimization-online soot removal'. The system can automatically adapt to working condition changes and dynamically adjust the heat exchange process to the optimal level under the current state, so that the waste heat recovery efficiency can be kept extremely high under wide operation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic waste gas purification technology, and in particular to a regenerative thermal combustion device and its process for organic waste gas purification. Background Technology

[0002] Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers (RTOs) are highly efficient organic waste gas purification devices widely used in industries such as chemical, coating, and printing. Their working principle involves recovering heat from the high-temperature flue gas generated during combustion using a heat storage medium to preheat the incoming organic waste gas, thus significantly reducing operating energy consumption. However, in RTO systems, the exhaust gas still carries a significant amount of medium- and low-temperature waste heat. To further recover this energy, existing technologies typically install waste heat recovery devices in the exhaust duct, such as heat exchanger tube bundles with cooling water, to convert the flue gas heat into hot water or low-pressure steam.

[0003] However, existing waste heat recovery methods have significant bottlenecks. Firstly, their regulation capabilities are insufficient. Most systems can only control temperature by adjusting the cooling water flow rate, resulting in a slow response and an inability to adaptively stabilize the exhaust gas temperature within the ideal range according to changes in operating conditions. This leads to low waste heat recovery efficiency and carries the risk of excessively high temperatures (wasting energy) or excessively low temperatures (causing erosion). Secondly, performance cannot be maintained. Dust in the flue gas easily accumulates on the surface of the heat exchange tubes, forming a fouling layer with high thermal resistance, causing heat exchange efficiency to continuously decline over time. Cleaning this fouling requires system shutdown, severely impacting production continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that waste heat recovery in the prior art is difficult to balance efficiency, stability and sustainability, and to propose a regenerative thermal combustion device and process for the purification and treatment of organic waste gas.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas includes an RTO regenerative combustion furnace, a flue gas duct, and a tail gas emission device. The flue gas duct comprises an inlet section fixedly installed at the flue gas outlet of the RTO, an outlet section fixedly installed at the inlet of the tail gas emission device, and a heat exchange section connected by a flange between the inlet and outlet sections. Two connecting ends penetrating the heat exchange section are fixedly installed on the heat exchange section. A distributor located within the heat exchange section is fixedly installed on each of the two connecting ends. A heat exchange tube bundle consisting of multiple heat exchange tubes is fixedly installed between the two distributors. A temperature sensor is fixedly installed within the heat exchange section. A multi-stage tail gas temperature control device is installed within the heat exchange section. A PLC control system is installed between the temperature sensor and the multi-stage tail gas temperature control device. The multi-stage tail gas temperature control device includes a flow regulation mechanism, a flue gas flow field optimization mechanism, and a dust removal mechanism. The PLC... The control system uses temperature sensor signals to make closed-loop adjustments to the flow regulation mechanism and the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism to adjust the cooling water flow rate and the angle of the guide plate, and automatically starts the dust removal mechanism when dust accumulation is detected.

[0006] Preferably, the flow regulation mechanism includes a flow regulation valve fixedly installed on the connection end near the exhaust gas emission device, a threaded adjustment shaft threadedly connected to the flow regulation valve, a servo motor fixedly installed on the heat exchange section, a limit sleeve fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, and a square rod fixedly connected to the threaded adjustment shaft, the square rod being slidably connected to one end of the limit sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism includes multiple guide plates distributed on both sides of the heat exchange tube bundle. Multiple equally spaced fixed shafts are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section. The multiple guide plates are rotatably connected to the multiple fixed shafts. Two adapters are symmetrically fixedly connected to each guide plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two adapters. A first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A limit ring is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two first connecting rods. A second connecting rod is slidably connected between the two limit rings. A limit slide rod is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod. A sliding tube is fixedly connected to the heat exchange section. A pressure rod is slidably sealed inside the sliding tube. A limit seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure rod. The limit slide rod is slidably limited within the limit seat. A conical pressure plate is fixedly connected to the threaded adjusting shaft. The upper end face of the pressure rod is inclined. Mounting plates are fixedly connected to both the sliding tube and the pressure rod. A return spring is fixedly connected between the two mounting plates.

[0008] Preferably, the dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal assembly and a drive assembly. The dust removal assembly includes multiple first transmission wheels that are rotatably connected to each heat exchange tube within the heat exchange tube bundle. A spiral scraper plate, rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, is fixedly connected to both ends of each of the multiple first transmission wheels. The drive assembly includes an axial flow fan fixedly installed within the heat exchange section. The fan blades of the axial flow fan are installed within the heat exchange section, and the drive motor of the axial flow fan is installed outside the heat exchange section. A second transmission wheel is rotatably connected within the heat exchange section, and a drive shaft is fixedly connected within the second transmission wheel. Both ends of the drive shaft are rotatable. A support rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange section. The second transmission wheel is connected to multiple first transmission wheels via a two-stage transmission chain. A third transmission wheel is also connected to the two-stage transmission chain. A second adapter rod is rotatably connected to the center of the third transmission wheel. Fixed plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the second adapter rod. A top plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange section. The fixed plate is slidably connected to the top plate. A preload spring is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the top plate. A trigger assembly that can switch transmission states is fixedly installed between the transmission shaft and the drive shaft of the axial fan.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary transmission chain includes multiple metal balls arranged at equal intervals, and two adjacent metal balls are fixedly connected by a flexible metal rope. The flexible metal rope is made of metal wire wound and woven together. The first transmission wheel, the second transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel are all provided with slots. The metal balls on the secondary transmission chain are engaged in the slots to achieve simultaneous transmission between the second transmission wheel, the third transmission wheel and the multiple first transmission wheels.

[0010] Preferably, the triggering component includes a first adapter rod fixedly connected to the second linkage rod, the first adapter rod being rotatably connected to a second transmission ring, a limiting groove being opened at one end of the transmission shaft, a first transmission ring being slidably connected within the limiting groove, the first transmission ring and the second transmission ring being connected via a single-stage transmission chain, a synchronizer being fixedly installed between the second transmission ring and the drive shaft of the axial flow fan, the synchronizer including a housing fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the axial flow fan, a fixed gear being fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft of the axial flow fan extending into the housing, a first conical friction disc being fixedly connected to the fixed gear, a sliding gear being fixedly connected to the second transmission ring and slidably connected to the housing, a second conical friction disc being fixedly connected to the sliding gear via multiple disc springs, and meshing transmission teeth being fixedly installed on the fixed gear and the sliding gear.

[0011] Preferably, a drain pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section, one end of the drain pipe is facing the axial fan, the temperature sensor is fixedly installed in the end of the drain pipe away from the axial fan, and multiple through holes are opened on the pipe wall near the temperature sensor.

[0012] A process based on the above-mentioned regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas includes the following steps: S1. After the organic waste gas is burned in the RTO regenerative thermal oxidizer, the tail gas enters the heat exchange section and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the heat exchange tube bundle to achieve waste heat recovery. S2. Temperature sensor detects exhaust gas outlet temperature in real time; S3. When the temperature is higher than the upper limit of emissions, a large amount of residual heat is not fully recovered. The PLC controls the servo motor to increase the cooling water flow and the guide plate to deflect to enhance turbulent heat transfer. When the temperature is lower than the lower limit of emissions, there is a risk of cold corrosion. The flow rate is reduced and the guide plate is reset. S4. When the flow rate and flow field are adjusted to the maximum by the flow rate and flow field, but the cooling is still insufficient, the online dust removal mechanism is automatically activated to remove the dust accumulated on the outer wall of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Through a multi-level, coordinated adjustment mechanism of "flow regulation - flow field optimization - online dust removal" driven by temperature feedback, the system can automatically adapt to changes in operating conditions and dynamically adjust the heat exchange process to the optimal level under the current state, thereby maintaining extremely high waste heat recovery efficiency under a wide range of operating conditions. 2. By transforming a single temperature control signal into a series of ordered mechanical linkages, a complete intelligent closed loop with sensing, decision-making, execution, and self-cleaning capabilities is formed. This not only ensures the precise and stable temperature of exhaust gases but also achieves a leap from "passive heat exchange" to "active intelligent control." 3. By using performance degradation (dust accumulation) as the trigger condition for the highest level of adjustment, automatic diagnosis of the possibility of failure caused by severe dust accumulation and online dust removal are achieved. This solves the problem of continuous performance degradation caused by dust accumulation in traditional systems, ensuring the long-term, efficient, and continuous operation of the equipment. Even if the failure is not caused by dust accumulation, the temperature feedback after dust removal can help staff rule out the possibility of dust accumulation causing the failure, improving the efficiency of subsequent troubleshooting and problem solving. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange section of the flue gas duct of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas, as proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the heat exchange section of the flue gas duct of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas, as proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the fixed shafts of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ash removal mechanism of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of the middle section structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ash removal component of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange section of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas, as proposed in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 11 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the A-structure in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drive wheel, the second drive wheel, the third drive wheel, and the secondary drive chain of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention. Figure 13 This is a front view of the transmission structure between the first drive wheel, the second drive wheel, the third drive wheel, and the secondary drive chain of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas according to the present invention. Figure 14 This is a control logic block diagram of a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas proposed in this invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1 RTO regenerative thermal ignition furnace, 2 exhaust duct, 21 heat exchange section, 22 connection end, 23 distributor, 24 heat exchange tube bundle, 25 axial fan, 3 exhaust gas device, 4 flow regulating valve, 41 threaded adjusting shaft, 42 square rod, 43 conical pressure plate, 5 temperature sensor, 51 drain pipe, 6 servo motor, 61 limit sleeve, 7 second transmission mechanism, 71 fixed shaft, 72 guide plate, 721 adapter, 73 first connecting rod, 731 limit ring, 74 second connecting rod, 75 limit slide rod, 76 sliding tube, 77 pressure rod. 78 Limiting seat, 8 Dust removal assembly, 81 First transmission wheel, 811 Spiral dust scraper, 82 Second transmission wheel, 821 Transmission shaft, 822 Support rod, 823 Limiting groove, 824 First transmission ring, 825 Second transmission ring, 826 Primary transmission chain, 827 First adapter rod, 83 Secondary transmission chain, 84 Third transmission wheel, 841 Second adapter rod, 842 Fixing plate, 843 Top plate, 9 Synchronizer, 91 Housing, 92 Fixed gear, 93 First conical friction disc, 94 Sliding gear, 95 Second conical friction disc. Detailed Implementation

[0016] See Figures 1-14 A regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying organic waste gas includes an RTO regenerative combustion furnace 1, a flue gas duct 2, and a tail gas emission device 3. The flue gas duct 2 includes an inlet section fixedly installed at the flue gas outlet of the RTO regenerative combustion furnace 1, an outlet section fixedly installed at the inlet of the tail gas emission device 3, and a heat exchange section 21 connected by a flange between the inlet section and the outlet section. Two connecting ends 22 are fixedly installed through the heat exchange section 21, and a distributor 23 located within the heat exchange section 21 is fixedly installed on each of the two connecting ends 22. A heat exchange tube bundle 24 composed of multiple heat exchange tubes is fixedly installed between the two distributors 23. A temperature sensor 5 is fixedly installed within the heat exchange section 21. A multi-stage tail gas temperature control device is installed within the heat exchange section 21. A PLC control system is installed between the temperature sensor 5 and the multi-stage tail gas temperature control device. The multi-stage tail gas temperature control device includes a flow regulation mechanism, a flue gas flow field optimization mechanism, and a dust removal mechanism. The control system uses the temperature sensor 5 signal to make closed-loop adjustments to the flow regulation mechanism and the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism to adjust the cooling water flow rate and the angle of the guide plate, and automatically starts the dust removal mechanism when dust accumulation is detected.

[0017] The PLC control system is configured to receive the signal from the temperature sensor 5 and compare it with a preset temperature threshold range. Based on the comparison result, it outputs a control signal to the servo motor 6. The preset temperature threshold range is 150-180℃. The lower limit of 150℃ is to avoid erosion, and the upper limit of 180℃ is to avoid a large amount of heat energy waste.

[0018] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flow regulation mechanism includes a flow regulation valve 4 fixedly installed on the connection end 22 near the exhaust gas emission device 3. A threaded adjustment shaft 41 is threadedly connected to the flow regulation valve 4. A servo motor 6 is fixedly installed on the heat exchange section 21. A limit sleeve 61 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 6. A square rod 42 is fixedly connected to the threaded adjustment shaft 41. The square rod 42 is slidably connected to one end of the limit sleeve 61.

[0019] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal assembly and a drive assembly. The dust removal assembly 8 includes multiple first transmission wheels 81 that are rotatably connected to each heat exchange tube within the heat exchange tube bundle 24. A spiral scraper 811, rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, is fixedly connected to both ends of each of the multiple first transmission wheels 81. The drive assembly includes an axial flow fan 25 fixedly installed within the heat exchange section 21. The fan blades of the axial flow fan 25 are installed within the heat exchange section 21, and the drive motor of the axial flow fan 25 is installed on the outside of the heat exchange section 21. Heat insulation measures are taken during installation to prevent the drive motor from being affected by high temperatures. A second transmission wheel 82 is rotatably connected within the heat exchange section 21. A drive shaft 821 is fixedly connected within the second transmission wheel 82. Support rods 822, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange section 21, are rotatably connected to both ends of the drive shaft 821. The wheel 82 is connected to multiple first transmission wheels 81 by a secondary transmission chain 83. A third transmission wheel 84 is also connected to the secondary transmission chain 83. The third transmission wheel 84 is a hollow ring structure. A second adapter rod 841 is rotatably connected to the center of the third transmission wheel 84. Fixed plates 842 are fixedly connected to both ends of the second adapter rod 841. A top plate 843 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange section 21. The fixed plate 842 is slidably connected to the top plate 843. A pre-tensioning spring is fixedly connected between the fixed plate 842 and the top plate 843. A trigger assembly that can switch transmission states is fixedly installed between the transmission shaft 821 and the drive shaft of the axial fan 25. When the guide plate 72 rotates to a predetermined angle, the trigger assembly can brake the synchronizer 9, so that the drive mechanism drives the dust removal assembly 8 through the synchronizer 9.

[0020] In this case, the transmission shaft 821 only needs to be driven to rotate by the synchronizer 9. The transmission shaft 821 can drive multiple first transmission wheels 81 to rotate together through the second transmission wheel 82, the secondary transmission chain 83 and the third transmission wheel 84. When the dust removal assembly 8 drives the spiral dust scraper 811 to rotate through the first transmission wheel 81, the spirally arranged spiral dust scraper 811 will tighten under the action of torsional torque and friction, and stick tightly to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. With the rotation of the first transmission wheel 81, the dust on the surface of the heat exchange tube is effectively scraped off.

[0021] like Figure 9 and10 As shown, the secondary transmission chain 83 includes multiple metal balls arranged at equal intervals. Adjacent metal balls are fixedly connected by a flexible metal rope, which is made of metal wire wound and woven together. Both the metal balls and the metal rope are made of high-temperature resistant metal material. The first transmission wheel 81, the second transmission wheel 82 and the third transmission wheel 84 are all provided with slots. The metal balls on the secondary transmission chain 83 are engaged in the slots to achieve simultaneous transmission between the second transmission wheel 82, the third transmission wheel 84 and the multiple first transmission wheels 81.

[0022] Since the heat exchange section 21 is a high-temperature and dusty environment, and in this invention, it is only necessary to drive the first transmission wheel 81 to rotate and drive the spiral scraper 811 to clean the surface of the heat exchange tube, a very precise transmission structure is not required. The transmission between the second transmission wheel 82, the first transmission wheel 81, and the third transmission wheel 84 is not suitable for gear transmission. As for chain transmission, since there are a large number of rotating connection points on the chain, it is easily affected by the high-temperature and dusty environment, so it is also not suitable. Based on the above reasons, this invention adopts the form of chain transmission, but adopts a unique design of metal balls and soft metal ropes, which is different from conventional chains, effectively avoiding the above problems. This allows the first transmission wheel 81, the second transmission wheel 82, and the third transmission wheel 84 to achieve effective and stable transmission through the secondary transmission chain 83 in a high-temperature and dusty environment.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, a flow pipe 51 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section 21. One end of the flow pipe 51 is directly opposite the axial fan 25. The temperature sensor 5 is fixedly installed inside the end of the flow pipe 51 away from the axial fan 25. Multiple through holes are opened on the pipe wall of the flow pipe 51 near the temperature sensor 5. The axial fan 25 forces airflow into the guide pipe 51, forming a clean airflow that is continuously blown outward at the through hole. This airflow acts like an "air curtain," effectively isolating the surrounding dust-rich flue gas from the sensor probe. Dust cannot accumulate on the surface of the temperature sensor 5, avoiding problems such as temperature measurement lag and reading distortion caused by dust accumulation. Dust acting as a heat insulation layer will cause the reading to be too low. This ensures that the signal fed back to the control system is always the true and timely flue gas temperature. In addition, the continuous positive pressure airflow near the temperature sensor 5 can form a relatively stable and disturbed flow field, reducing the instantaneous and violent fluctuations in temperature readings caused by flue gas turbulence.

[0024] like Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism includes multiple guide plates 72 distributed on both sides of the heat exchange tube bundle 24. Multiple equally spaced fixed shafts 71 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section 21. The multiple guide plates 72 are rotatably connected to the multiple fixed shafts 71. Each guide plate 72 is symmetrically fixedly connected to two adapters 721. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two adapters 721. A first connecting rod 73 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A limit ring 731 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two first connecting rods 73. A second connecting rod 74 is slidably connected between the two limit rings 731. A limiting slide rod 75 is fixedly connected to the moving rod 74. A sliding tube 76 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange section 21. A pressure rod 77 is slidably connected inside the sliding tube 76. A limiting seat 76 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure rod 77. The limiting slide rod 75 is slidably connected inside the limiting seat 78. A conical pressure plate 43 is fixedly connected to the threaded adjusting shaft 41. The upper end face of the pressure rod 77 is inclined. Both the conical pressure plate 43 and the pressure rod 77 are made of stainless steel with smooth surfaces to reduce friction and wear. Mounting plates are fixedly connected to both the sliding tube 76 and the pressure rod 77. A return spring is fixedly connected between the two mounting plates.

[0025] As the conical pressure plate 43 rotates with the threaded adjusting shaft 41, it moves towards the pressure rod 77. When the conical pressure plate 43 contacts and begins to press the pressure rod 77 downward, the pressure rod 77 moves downward through the limiting seat 78 and the limiting slide rod 75, causing the second connecting rod 74 to move towards the end of the heat exchange section 21. The movement of the second connecting rod 74 will pull the two first connecting rods 73 to move together, thereby causing the end of the guide plate 72 away from the flue gas duct to rotate around the fixed shaft 71 towards the side away from the heat exchange tube bundle 24, changing it into an inclined state that can block the flow of flue gas and guide the flue gas towards the heat exchange tube bundle 24. By reducing the flue gas velocity and optimizing the flue gas flow path, the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.

[0026] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the triggering assembly includes a first adapter rod 827 fixedly connected to the second linkage rod 74. The first adapter rod 827 is rotatably connected to a second transmission ring 825. One end of the transmission shaft 821 has a limiting groove 823, within which a first transmission ring 824 is slidably connected. The first transmission ring 824 and the second transmission ring 825 are connected via a primary transmission chain 826. A synchronizer 9 is fixedly installed between the second transmission ring 825 and the drive shaft of the axial fan 25. The synchronizer 9 includes a housing 91 fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the axial fan 25. A fixed gear 92 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft of the axial fan 25 that extends into the housing 91. The fixed gear 92 is fixedly connected to a first conical friction disc 93. The second transmission ring 825 is fixed... A sliding gear 94 is connected to the housing 91. A second conical friction disc 95 is fixedly connected to the sliding gear 94 via multiple disc springs. Meshing transmission teeth are fixedly installed on the fixed gear 92 and the sliding gear 94. The first transmission ring 824, the second transmission ring 825, and the first-stage transmission chain 826 adopt the same design as the first transmission wheel 81, the second transmission wheel 82, and the second-stage transmission chain 83. The synchronizer 9 is installed between the second transmission ring 825 and the drive shaft of the axial fan 25. During the movement of the second transmission ring 825, the first-stage transmission chain 826 and the first transmission ring 824 will move together with it. If there are concerns about friction, a synchronous moving plate that is simultaneously limited and rotated between the first transmission ring 824 and the second transmission ring 825 can be installed.

[0027] When the guide plate 72 rotates to 60°, the dust removal assembly 8 is triggered. As the pressure rod 77 moves down, it drives the guide plate 72 to rotate to 60°. The pressure rod 77 also drives the limit seat 78 to move down to the maximum displacement. At this time, the limit slide rod 75 is located at the uppermost end of the limit seat 78. During the process of reaching the maximum downward displacement, the second linkage rod 74 drives the second transmission ring 825 to move towards the synchronizer 9 through the first adapter rod 827 until the synchronizer 9 completes the transmission between the drive shaft of the axial fan 25 and the second transmission ring 825. The drive shaft of the axial fan 25 drives the transmission shaft 821 to rotate through the second transmission ring 825, the first-stage transmission chain 826 and the first transmission ring 824. The transmission shaft 821 then drives multiple spiral dust scrapers 811 to rotate through the second transmission wheel 82, the second-stage transmission chain 83 and the first transmission wheel 81 to scrape the dust off the surface of the heat exchange tube.

[0028] like Figure 10As shown, synchronizer 9 is a synchronizer, which includes a housing 91 fixedly connected to the drive shaft of axial fan 25. A fixed gear 92 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft of axial fan 25 that extends into the housing 91. A first conical friction disc 93 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed gear 92. A sliding gear 94 that is slidably connected to the housing 91 is fixedly connected to one side of the second transmission ring 825. A second conical friction disc 95 is fixedly connected to the sliding gear 94 through multiple disc springs. Meshing transmission teeth are fixedly installed on the fixed gear 92 and the sliding gear 94.

[0029] As the sliding gear 94 approaches the fixed gear 92, the first conical friction disk 93 first contacts the second conical friction disk 95. Through frictional transmission, the sliding gear 94 is driven to rotate and its speed is increased to be synchronized with the fixed gear 92. Then, as the sliding gear 94 continues to move, the transmission teeth on the fixed gear 92 and the sliding gear 94 are meshed to realize transmission. The top of the transmission teeth is provided with a smooth inclined surface. When tooth position conflict occurs during meshing, it will automatically disengage under pressure and successfully complete the meshing transmission.

[0030] The control logic of the control system is configured as follows: when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 5 is higher than the upper limit of the threshold range, the output of the control servo motor 6 is rotated in the first direction, driving the opening of the flow regulating valve 4 to increase, and simultaneously driving the guide plate 72 to deflect in the direction of increasing flue gas resistance through the second transmission mechanism 7; when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 5 is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range, the output of the control servo motor 6 is rotated in the second direction opposite to the first direction, driving the opening of the flow regulating valve 4 to decrease, and simultaneously driving the guide plate 72 to reset in the direction of reducing flue gas resistance.

[0031] During the rotation of the servo motor 6 in the first direction at its output end: when its rotation reaches the first position, the corresponding flow regulating valve 4 opens to the first degree, and the guide plate 72 deflects to the first angle; when its rotation reaches the second position, the corresponding flow regulating valve 4 opens to the second degree, and the guide plate 72 deflects to the second angle; when its rotation reaches the third position, the corresponding flow regulating valve 4 opens to the third degree, and the guide plate 72 deflects to the third angle. During this process, the transmission is activated by the trigger component brake synchronizer 9. The first angle is 0°, the second angle is 30°, and the third angle is 60°.

[0032] A process for a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas includes the following steps: S1. After the organic waste gas is burned in the RTO regenerative thermal combustion furnace 1, the tail gas enters the heat exchange section 21 and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the heat exchange tube bundle 24 to realize waste heat recovery. S2, Temperature sensor 5 detects the exhaust gas outlet temperature in real time; S3. When the temperature is higher than the emission limit, a large amount of residual heat is not fully recovered. The PLC controls the servo motor 6 to increase the cooling water flow and the guide plate 72 to deflect to enhance turbulent heat transfer. When the temperature is lower than the emission limit, there is a risk of cold corrosion. The flow rate is reduced and the guide plate 72 is reset. S4, the flow regulation mechanism and the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism will automatically start the online dust removal mechanism to remove the dust accumulated on the outer wall of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle 24 when the flow rate and flow field are adjusted to the maximum but the temperature drop is still insufficient.

[0033] The core of this invention lies in its intelligent multi-level adjustment logic, which is described below in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 11 Please provide a detailed explanation.

[0034] The operating logic of the control system constitutes a complete closed-loop feedback control loop, the core of which lies in: 1. Sensing and Judgment: The system continuously monitors the exhaust gas temperature at the end of the heat exchange section 21 through temperature sensor 5 and compares it with the preset optimized temperature threshold range in real time.

[0035] 2. Decision-making and execution: Based on the comparison results, the control system issues a command to drive the servo motor 6 to rotate in the forward or reverse direction.

[0036] When the temperature exceeds the limit, the motor rotates in the forward direction, triggering coordinated adjustments of "increased flow rate" and "optimized flow field" through precise mechanical linkage. This process is multi-stage, with the adjustment intensity increasing progressively as the temperature deviation increases, to achieve precise and adaptive control of heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] When the temperature is too low, the motor rotates in reverse to reset all components of the system, actively reducing heat exchange efficiency to restore the temperature and effectively preventing erosion.

[0038] 3. Diagnosis and Self-Cleaning: As the highest level of regulation, when the system determines that conventional coordinated regulation is no longer effective in cooling, it automatically diagnoses the possibility of a "dust accumulation fault." At this point, the control logic drives the system into an "enhanced heat exchange and online dust removal" mode. While maximizing heat exchange capacity, it automatically activates the dust removal components to remove dust accumulation from the tube bundle surface, restoring system performance. If dust removal still fails to resolve the issue, it indicates a possible fault due to other reasons, requiring further investigation. Although severe dust accumulation is not the only cause of "conventional coordinated regulation failing to effectively cool," it is a relatively common cause. If dust removal still fails to effectively cool the system, it helps staff rule out the possibility of severe dust accumulation causing the fault, thereby improving the efficiency of troubleshooting and resolving the problem.

[0039] In conclusion, Figure 11The control logic demonstrated transforms this invention from a simple heat exchanger into an intelligent system capable of sensing, decision-making, execution, and self-cleaning. Through a multi-level collaborative adjustment mechanism, it dynamically optimizes the heat exchange process to its best state under current operating conditions, thereby ensuring the high efficiency, stability, and sustainability of waste heat recovery.

[0040] To ensure the long-term stable operation of the device of this invention in harsh environments with high temperature and dust, necessary sealing and dustproof measures have been taken for the heat exchange section 21 and all moving parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following sealing methods can be selected and applied according to specific components and operating conditions: 1. Shaft Seals: For all rotating shafts passing through the pipe wall or housing, such as the drive shaft of the axial fan 25, a shaft seal structure is provided at the penetration point. This shaft seal structure can take various forms known in the art. For parts requiring sliding, a sliding seal is used, such as the connection between the pressure rod 77 and the sliding tube 76, and the connection between the sliding gear 94 and the housing 91. A sliding sealing ring or stuffing box seal made of high-temperature resistant, wear-resistant materials such as graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, or special alloys can be used. This sliding seal structure can effectively adapt to the reciprocating or rotating motion of the components, continuously providing a reliable seal under dynamic conditions to prevent flue gas leakage and dust intrusion.

[0041] 2. Bearing protection: All bearings supporting rotating parts are not shown in the figure. It is preferable to use sealed bearings with built-in sealing caps, or to install additional sealing devices at the bearing housing to prevent dust from entering the bearing.

[0042] In addition to the aforementioned sealing protection, the heat exchange section 21 is installed using a flange connection, which facilitates disassembly for maintenance of internal components.

[0043] In this invention, the exhaust gas temperature at the end of the heat exchange section 21 is first monitored in real time by the temperature sensor 5. The temperature sensor 5 sends the monitored temperature signal to the PLC control system. The PLC control system compares the monitored temperature with the preset temperature threshold range. If the current temperature is within the range of 150-180℃, it means that the flue gas temperature at the end of the heat exchange section 21 that is about to enter the exhaust gas emission device 3 is suitable. At this time, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange tube bundle 24 is also optimal. The current state is maintained and no adjustment is required. If the current temperature is higher than 180℃, the control system outputs a control signal to drive the output end of the servo motor 6 to rotate the limit sleeve 61 in the forward direction. The limit sleeve 61 drives the square rod 42 and the threaded adjustment shaft 41 to rotate in the forward direction through the limiting action. First, the first-level regulation is started, the valve opening of the flow regulating valve 4 is increased, the cooling water flow in the heat exchange tube bundle 24 is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, so that the monitored temperature drops back to the range of 150-180℃. The initial opening of the flow regulating valve 4 is 1 / 4. If the monitored temperature cannot be reduced back to the 150-180℃ range before the flow regulating valve 4 is opened to 2 / 4, secondary regulation is initiated. While further increasing the valve opening of the flow regulating valve 4, the conical pressure plate 43 moves towards the pressure rod 77 as the threaded adjusting shaft 41 rotates, contacting and beginning to press the pressure rod 77 downwards. Due to the limiting effect of the guide plate 72 and the adapter 721 on the first connecting rod 73 and the second connecting rod 74, the downward movement of the pressure rod 77 is achieved through the limiting seat 78 and the limiting... The slide bar 75 drives the second linkage bar 74 to move towards the end of the heat exchange section 21. The movement of the second linkage bar 74 will pull the two first linkage bars 73 to move together, thereby causing the end of the guide plate 72 away from the flue gas pipe to rotate around the fixed axis 71 towards the side away from the heat exchange tube bundle 24, changing it into an inclined state that can block the flow of flue gas and guide the flue gas towards the heat exchange tube bundle 24. By reducing the flue gas velocity and optimizing the flue gas flow path, the heat exchange efficiency is further improved, and the monitoring temperature drops back to the range of 150-180℃. If the monitored temperature cannot be reduced back to the 150-180℃ range before the flow regulating valve 4 is opened to 3 / 4 and the guide plate 72 is rotated to 30°, then the third-stage regulation is initiated. The valve opening of the flow regulating valve 4 is further increased until it is fully open, and the guide plate 72 is rotated until the maximum angle of 60° is reached. When the guide plate 72 rotates to 60°, the dust removal assembly 8 is triggered. As the pressure rod 77 moves downward, it drives the guide plate 72 to rotate to 60°. The pressure rod 77 also drives the limit seat 78 to move downward to the maximum displacement. At this time, the limit slide rod 75 is located at the uppermost end of the limit seat 78. During the process of reaching the maximum downward displacement, the second linkage rod 74 drives the second transmission ring 825 to move towards the synchronizer 9 through the first adapter rod 827 until the synchronizer 9 completes the drive shaft and second transmission of the axial fan 25. The transmission between rings 825 involves the drive shaft of the axial fan 25 driving the transmission shaft 821 to rotate via the second transmission ring 825, the first-stage transmission chain 826, and the first transmission ring 824. The transmission shaft 821 then drives multiple spiral scraper blades 811 to rotate via the second transmission wheel 82, the second-stage transmission chain 83, and the first transmission wheel 81, scraping away dust from the surface of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle 24 until the monitored temperature drops back to the 150-180℃ range. If the monitored temperature still cannot drop back to the 150-180℃ range after cleaning, an alarm can be set in the PLC control system. When the problem cannot be solved by three-level adjustment and the temperature remains above the 150-180℃ range for an extended period, the alarm will sound, and personnel will arrive on-site to investigate whether there are other influencing factors or other faults. During temperature regulation, if the current temperature is below 150℃, the control system outputs a control signal to drive the output end of the servo motor 6 to rotate the limit sleeve 61 in the opposite direction. The limit sleeve 61 drives the square rod 42 and the threaded adjustment shaft 41 to rotate in the opposite direction through the limiting effect, thereby reducing the valve opening of the flow regulating valve 4 and reducing the angle of the guide plate 72, thus reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle 24 and causing the temperature at the end of the heat exchange section 21 to rise to the range of 150-180℃.

Claims

1. A regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas, comprising an RTO regenerative combustion furnace (1), a flue gas duct (2), and a tail gas emission device (3), characterized in that, The exhaust duct (2) includes an inlet section fixedly installed at the exhaust port of the RTO regenerative combustion furnace (1), an exhaust section fixedly installed at the inlet of the exhaust gas device (3), and a heat exchange section (21) connected by a flange between the inlet section and the exhaust section. Two connecting ends (22) through the heat exchange section (21) are fixedly installed on the heat exchange section (21). A distributor (23) located in the heat exchange section (21) is fixedly installed on each of the two connecting ends (22). A heat exchange tube bundle (24) composed of multiple heat exchange tubes is fixedly installed between the two distributors (23). A temperature sensor (5) is fixedly installed in the heat exchange section (21). A multi-stage exhaust gas temperature control device is installed in the heat exchange section (21). A PLC control system is installed between the temperature sensor (5) and the multi-stage exhaust gas temperature control device. The multi-stage exhaust gas temperature control device includes a flow regulation mechanism, a flue gas flow field optimization mechanism, and a dust removal mechanism. The PLC... The control system adjusts the flow regulation mechanism and the flue gas flow field optimization mechanism in a closed loop according to the temperature sensor (5) signal to adjust the cooling water flow rate and the angle of the guide plate, and automatically starts the dust removal mechanism when dust accumulation is detected.

2. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow regulation mechanism includes a flow regulation valve (4) fixedly installed on the connection end (22) near the exhaust gas emission device (3), a threaded adjustment shaft (41) is threadedly connected to the flow regulation valve (4), a servo motor (6) is fixedly installed on the heat exchange section (21), a limit sleeve (61) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (6), a square rod (42) is fixedly connected to the threaded adjustment shaft (41), and the square rod (42) is limited and slidably connected to one end of the limit sleeve (61).

3. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flue gas flow field optimization mechanism includes multiple guide plates (72) distributed on both sides of the heat exchange tube bundle (24). Multiple equally spaced fixed shafts (71) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section (21). The multiple guide plates (72) are rotatably connected to the multiple fixed shafts (71). Each guide plate (72) has two symmetrically fixed connecting parts (721). A rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two connecting parts (721). A first connecting rod (73) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A limit ring (731) is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two first connecting rods (73). A sliding connection is established between the two limit rings (731). The second linkage rod (74) is fixedly connected to the second linkage rod (74), the limiting slide rod (75) is fixedly connected to the heat exchange section (21), the sliding tube (76) is fixedly connected to the sliding tube (76), the pressure rod (77) is sealed and slidably connected inside the sliding tube (76), the bottom end of the pressure rod (77) is fixedly connected to the limiting seat (78), the limiting slide rod (75) is limited and slidably connected inside the limiting seat (78), the threaded adjusting shaft (41) is fixedly connected to the conical pressure plate (43), the upper end face of the pressure rod (77) is an inclined surface, the sliding tube (76) and the pressure rod (77) are both fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the two mounting plates are fixedly connected to the return spring.

4. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal assembly and a drive assembly. The dust removal assembly (8) includes multiple first transmission wheels (81) that are rotatably connected to each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle (24). Both ends of each of the multiple first transmission wheels (81) are fixedly connected to a spiral scraper (811) that is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. The drive assembly includes an axial flow fan (25) fixedly installed in the heat exchange section (21). The fan blades of the axial flow fan (25) are installed in the heat exchange section (21), and the drive motor of the axial flow fan (25) is installed on the outside of the heat exchange section (21). A second transmission wheel (82) is rotatably connected in the heat exchange section (21). A drive shaft (821) is fixedly connected in the second transmission wheel (82). Both ends of the drive shaft (821) are rotatably connected to a spiral scraper (811) that is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heat exchange section (21). A support rod (822) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube. The second transmission wheel (82) and multiple first transmission wheels (81) are connected by a secondary transmission chain (83). A third transmission wheel (84) is also connected to the secondary transmission chain (83). A second adapter rod (841) is rotatably connected to the center of the third transmission wheel (84). Fixed plates (842) are fixedly connected to both ends of the second adapter rod (841). A top plate (843) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange section (21). The fixed plate (842) is slidably connected to the top plate (843). A pre-tightening spring is fixedly connected between the fixed plate (842) and the top plate (843). A trigger assembly with switchable transmission state is fixedly installed between the transmission shaft (821) and the drive shaft of the axial fan (25).

5. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The secondary transmission chain (83) includes multiple metal balls arranged at equal intervals. Two adjacent metal balls are fixedly connected by a soft metal rope, which is made of metal wires wound and woven together. The first transmission wheel (81), the second transmission wheel (82), and the third transmission wheel (84) are all provided with slots. The metal balls on the secondary transmission chain (83) are engaged in the slots to achieve simultaneous transmission between the second transmission wheel (82), the third transmission wheel (84), and the multiple first transmission wheels (81).

6. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The triggering component includes a first adapter rod (827) fixedly connected to the second linkage rod (74). The first adapter rod (827) is rotatably connected to a second transmission ring (825). One end of the transmission shaft (821) has a limiting groove (823). The first transmission ring (824) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (823). The first transmission ring (824) and the second transmission ring (825) are connected by a primary transmission chain (826). A synchronizer (9) is fixedly installed between the second transmission ring (825) and the drive shaft of the axial fan (25). The stepper (9) includes a housing (91) fixedly connected to the drive shaft of an axial fan (25). A fixed gear (92) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft of the axial fan (25) that extends into the housing (91). A first conical friction disc (93) is fixedly connected to the fixed gear (92). A sliding gear (94) that is slidably connected to the housing (91) is fixedly connected to the second transmission ring (825). A second conical friction disc (95) is fixedly connected to the sliding gear (94) by a plurality of disc springs. Meshing transmission teeth are fixedly installed on the fixed gear (92) and the sliding gear (94).

7. The regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, A drain pipe (51) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange section (21). One end of the drain pipe (51) is directly opposite the axial fan (25). The temperature sensor (5) is fixedly installed in the end of the drain pipe (51) away from the axial fan (25). Multiple through holes are opened on the wall of the drain pipe (51) near the temperature sensor (5).

8. A process for a regenerative thermal combustion device for purifying and treating organic waste gas according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After the organic waste gas is burned in the RTO regenerative combustion furnace (1), the tail gas enters the heat exchange section (21) and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the heat exchange tube bundle (24) to realize waste heat recovery. S2, Temperature sensor (5) detects the exhaust gas outlet temperature in real time; S3. When the temperature is higher than the upper limit of the emission, a large amount of residual heat is not fully recovered. The PLC controls the servo motor (6) to increase the cooling water flow and the guide plate (72) to deflect to enhance turbulent heat exchange. When the temperature is lower than the lower limit of the emission, there is a risk of cold corrosion. The flow rate is reduced and the guide plate (72) is reset. S4. When the flow rate and flow field are adjusted to the maximum by the flow rate and flow field optimization mechanism, but the temperature drop is still insufficient, the online dust removal mechanism is automatically started to remove the dust accumulated on the outer wall of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle (24).

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