A fertilizer screening device

Abstract

This application provides a fertilizer screening device, relating to the technical field of screening devices. The fertilizer screening device includes a vibrating screen and a feed box disposed above the screen surface of the vibrating screen. The feed box is a cylindrical structure extending vertically through the screen. A crossbar is horizontally fixed at the top opening of the feed box, and a motor is fixed on the crossbar. The power output shaft of the motor extends vertically downward and is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft. Multiple first dispersing rods are fixedly disposed on the lower outer circumference of the first rotating shaft. When crushed straw material is fed into the feed box from the top opening, the motor is started, and its torque is transmitted to the first dispersing rods through the first rotating shaft, driving them to rotate at high speed. In this way, the falling straw material, upon contact with the rotating first dispersing rods, is forcibly scattered and dispersed in all directions, effectively breaking up and loosening the compressed and clumped material, creating favorable conditions for efficient screening by the vibrating screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of screening device technology, and particularly relates to a fertilizer screening device. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer screening equipment is one of the key pieces of equipment in fertilizer production and processing. It is mainly used to classify crushed fertilizer raw materials according to particle size, removing large impurities and insufficiently crushed lumps to ensure the uniformity and quality of the final fertilizer product. In the field of organic fertilizer production, crop straw is a commonly used raw material. After crushing, it often forms lumps of varying degrees due to moisture content or compression, and may even contain metal particles. If these lumps are directly fed into a vibrating screen, they will not only have difficulty passing through the screen mesh but will also clog the screen holes, severely affecting screening efficiency and effectiveness.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the crop straw fiber screening device for civil engineering disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN219560453U, a base, a support frame, and a drive mechanism are included. A primary vibrating screen, a secondary vibrating screen, and a chassis are sequentially arranged from top to bottom within the support frame, and a cam mechanism drives the support frame to reciprocate up and down, thereby achieving the grading and screening of crop straw fibers. This device improves screening efficiency to a certain extent and reduces dust pollution by using a dust cover.

[0004] However, this device mainly relies on the reciprocating motion of the vibrating screen itself to screen materials. For straw materials that have already clumped, it is still difficult to effectively disperse them after they enter the vibrating screen directly. The fine fibers inside the clumps cannot be fully separated, resulting in a decrease in the yield of effective components in the undersize material and affecting the production efficiency of the screening operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems of insufficient straw screening efficiency in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a fertilizer screening device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A fertilizer screening device includes a vibrating screen and a feed box disposed above the screen surface of the vibrating screen. The feed box is a cylindrical structure that runs vertically through the screen. A crossbar is horizontally fixed at the top opening of the feed box. A motor is fixed on the crossbar. The power output shaft of the motor extends vertically downward and is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft. A plurality of first scattering rods are fixedly disposed on the lower outer circumferential surface of the first rotating shaft.

[0007] Preferably, a crown gear is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft, and a first gear is provided in mesh with the crown gear. A second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear. The second rotating shaft extends horizontally to the outside of the feed box and a turntable is fixedly installed at its end. An eccentric shaft is fixedly provided on the surface of the turntable at an angle away from its center.

[0008] Preferably, a guide rail is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feed box near the turntable. A rack is slidably mounted on the guide rail. A rocker arm is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rack. A long reciprocating hole is opened through the rocker arm along its length direction. The free end of the eccentric shaft is movably inserted into the reciprocating hole.

[0009] Preferably, a second gear is meshed on both sides of the lower part of the rack, and a third rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of each second gear. The third rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the feed box and extends into its interior. A plurality of second spraying rods are uniformly fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the third rotating shaft located inside the feed box.

[0010] Preferably, the second spraying rod has a first air cavity inside along its axial direction, and the upper surface of the second spraying rod has a plurality of air blowing holes that communicate with the first air cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a bottom cylinder is movably connected to the inner wall of the feed box, and a telescopic cylinder is telescopically fitted inside the bottom cylinder. The bottom of the telescopic cylinder has an upwardly extending through hole, and a second one-way valve is provided in the through hole. A first one-way valve is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bottom cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting pipe is provided between the telescopic cylinder and the second spraying rod, and the connecting pipe is corrugated.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the feed box by a hinge.

[0014] Preferably, a support rod is provided between the vibrating screen and the feed box, and the feed box is supported and fixed above the screen surface of the vibrating screen by the support rod.

[0015] The fertilizer screening device of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This fertilizer screening device, when the crushed straw material is fed into the feed box from the top opening, starts the motor, and its torque is transmitted to the first dispersing rod through the first rotating shaft, driving it to rotate at high speed. In this way, the falling straw material, upon contact with the rotating first dispersing rod, is forcibly scattered and dispersed in all directions, effectively breaking up and loosening the material that has clumped due to moisture or compression, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent efficient screening by the vibrating screen.

[0016] 2. In this fertilizer screening device, when the first spreading bar rotates, the swing arm driven by the turntable and eccentric shaft drives the rack to reciprocate, which allows the second spreading bar, fixed on the third rotating shaft, to swing up and down inside the feed box. Thus, the straw material initially scattered by the first spreading bar is further struck and scattered by the swinging second spreading bars on both sides during its descent, resulting in a more thorough dispersion and fluffing effect.

[0017] 3. In this fertilizer screening device, when the second spreading rod swings up and down, it pushes the telescopic cylinder, causing it to reciprocate within the bottom cylinder. Specifically, when the second spreading rod swings downward, it compresses the telescopic cylinder, causing it to retract into the bottom cylinder, and finally blows the air out at high speed from the air holes on the upper surface of the second spreading rod. This airflow is directly blown onto the spread straw material, further enhancing the loosening and dispersion effect of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the feed box and vibrating screen of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the feed box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the feed box structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the purposes of this invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 8 This is a front view structural diagram of the feed box of the present invention; Figure 9 For the purposes of this invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first scattering rod structure of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Vibrating screen; 11. Support rod; 12. Feed box; 13. Crossbar; 131. Motor; 132. First rotating shaft; 133. First scattering rod; 134. Crown gear; 135. Air inlet; 136. Fan blade; 14. Second rotating shaft; 141. Turntable; 142. First gear; 143. Eccentric shaft; 15. Guide rail; 2. Swing rod; 21. Rack; 22. Reciprocating hole; 3. Third rotating shaft; 31. Second scattering rod; 311. First air chamber; 312. Air blowing hole; 32. Second gear; 4. Fan; 5. Bottom cylinder; 51. Telescopic cylinder; 511. Through hole; 512. Second one-way valve; 513. Connecting pipe; 52. First one-way valve; 6. Discharge plate; 61. Air duct; 62. Second air chamber; 63. Air guide hole; 64. Swirl port. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a fertilizer screening device, which includes a vibrating screen 1 as a basic component. Specifically, a feed box 12 is provided at a corresponding position above the screen surface of the vibrating screen 1. The feed box 12 is constructed as a cylindrical structure that runs vertically through the screen, so that the crushed straw material can smoothly fall onto the vibrating screen 1 below for screening. To achieve a stable installation of the feed box 12, a support rod 11 is provided between the vibrating screen 1 and the feed box 12, which reliably supports and fixes the feed box 12 in a predetermined position.

[0023] Furthermore, a horizontal bar 13 is fixedly installed at the top opening of the feed box 12. A motor 131, serving as a power source, is fixedly installed at the top center of the horizontal bar 13. The power output shaft of the motor 131 extends vertically downwards and is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft 132. Multiple first dispersing rods 133 are fixedly installed on the lower outer circumference of the first rotating shaft 132. These first dispersing rods 133 are configured to rotate along with the first rotating shaft 132. Based on this structure, when the crushed straw material is fed into the feed box 12 from the top opening, the motor 131 is started, and its torque is transmitted to the first dispersing rods 133 through the first rotating shaft 132, driving them to rotate at high speed. In this way, the falling straw material, upon contact with the rotating first dispersing rods 133, is forcibly scattered and dispersed in all directions, effectively breaking up and loosening the material that has clumped due to moisture or compression, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent efficient screening by the vibrating screen 1.

[0024] like Figures 2 to 7As shown, to further disperse the material, a crown gear 134 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer circumferential surface of the first rotating shaft 132. A first gear 142 is provided in mesh with the crown gear 134. A second rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear 142, and the second rotating shaft 14 extends horizontally to the outside of the feed box 12. A turntable 141 is fixedly installed at the end of the second rotating shaft 14. An eccentric shaft 143 is fixedly provided on the surface of the turntable 141 at a position offset from its center, and the eccentric shaft 143 rotates together with the turntable 141.

[0025] A guide rail 15 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feed box 12 near the turntable 141. A rack 21 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 15. Specifically, the slider on the back of the rack 21 is embedded in the guide groove of the guide rail 15, so that the rack 21 can make stable left-right reciprocating linear motion along the guide rail 15. A rocker arm 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rack 21, and a long strip-shaped reciprocating hole 22 is opened through the rocker arm 2 along its length. The free end of the aforementioned eccentric shaft 143 is movably inserted into the reciprocating hole 22. Therefore, when the first rotating shaft 132 rotates, the second rotating shaft 14 and the turntable 141 are driven to rotate through the meshing transmission of the crown gear 134 and the first gear 142. The eccentric shaft 143 on the turntable 141 then makes a circular motion, and its action in the reciprocating hole 22 drives the rocker arm 2 to drive the rack 21 to achieve continuous left-right reciprocating motion on the guide rail 15.

[0026] On both sides below the rack 21, second gears 32 are respectively meshed. A third rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the center of each second gear 32, and this third rotating shaft 3 passes through the side wall of the feed box 12 and extends into its interior. Multiple second spreading rods 31 are evenly fixed on the outer circumference of the third rotating shaft 3 located inside the feed box 12. Through the aforementioned linkage mechanism, when the first spreading rod 133 rotates, the swing rod 2, driven by the turntable 141 and the eccentric shaft 143, drives the rack 21 to reciprocate, thereby driving the second gears 32 meshing with it to rotate alternately in both directions. This allows the second spreading rods 31 fixed on the third rotating shaft 3 to swing up and down inside the feed box 12. Thus, the straw material initially scattered by the first spreading rod 133 is further struck and scattered by the swinging second spreading rods 31 on both sides during its descent, resulting in a more thorough dispersion and fluffing effect.

[0027] like Figures 5 to 6As shown, to further enhance the fluffing effect of the material, a first air chamber 311 is provided axially inside the second spraying rod 31. Multiple air holes 312 communicating with the first air chamber 311 are provided on the upper surface of the second spraying rod 31. Simultaneously, a bottom cylinder 5 is movably connected to the inner wall of the feed box 12 via a hinge or other means, allowing the bottom cylinder 5 to swing around its connection point. Inside the bottom cylinder 5, a telescopic cylinder 51 is retractably fitted, enabling the telescopic cylinder 51 to reciprocate within the bottom cylinder 5. At the bottom of the telescopic cylinder 51, an upwardly extending through hole 511 is provided, within which a second one-way valve 512 is installed. Correspondingly, a first one-way valve 52 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bottom cylinder 5. Through the coordinated operation of the first one-way valve 52 and the second one-way valve 512, gas flows unidirectionally within the space formed by the bottom cylinder 5 and the telescopic cylinder 51. A connecting pipe 513 connects the telescopic cylinder 51 and the second spreading rod 31. This connecting pipe 513 is preferably corrugated and made of a flexible material such as plastic, so that it can adapt to the relative movement between the telescopic cylinder 51 and the second spreading rod 31, allowing it to be stretched or compressed. Based on this structure, when the second spreading rod 31 swings up and down, it pushes the telescopic cylinder 51, causing it to reciprocate within the bottom cylinder 5. Specifically, when the second spreading rod 31 swings downwards, it compresses the telescopic cylinder 51, causing it to retract into the bottom cylinder 5. At this time, the gas inside the bottom cylinder 5 is compressed, the first one-way valve 52 closes, and the gas can only open the second one-way valve 512, passing through the through hole 511, the connecting pipe 513, and the first air chamber 311, finally being blown out at high speed from the air hole 312 on the upper surface of the second spreading rod 31. This airflow directly blows onto the scattered straw material, further enhancing the fluffing and dispersion effect of the material.

[0028] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the first rotating shaft 132 has an opening at its bottom and is constructed as a hollow structure. A fan blade 136 is fixedly installed at the bottom opening of the first rotating shaft 132. Meanwhile, multiple air inlets 135 communicating with the internal hollow cavity are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the first rotating shaft 132.

[0029] A feeding plate 6 is located at the midpoint between the first scattering bar 133 and the second scattering bar 31. The upper surface of the feeding plate 6 is inclined to guide the material towards the center. A swirling opening 64 extends downward from the center of the feeding plate 6, serving as the main channel for the material to fall. Multiple air guide holes 63 are formed on the inner ring wall of the swirling opening 64, and these air guide holes 63 are set at a horizontal inclination angle so that the blown airflow can drive the falling straw material to rotate. Inside the feeding plate 6, a second air chamber 62 is formed, which is connected to all the air guide holes 63. An air duct 61 connected to the second air chamber 62 is formed on the outer surface of the feed box 12. In addition, a blower 4 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the feed box 12. The outlet of the blower 4 is sealed to the opening of the air duct 61. Therefore, when the straw material needs to be screened, the material first falls into the feed box 12 and is initially dispersed and scattered by the high-speed rotating first dispersing rod 133. At the same time, during the rotation of the hollow first rotating shaft 132, the fan blades 136 at its bottom rotate accordingly, generating a downward airflow. This airflow helps to carry the dispersed material downward, and the downward blowing airflow also improves the fluffiness of the straw. When the material falls to the area of ​​the discharge plate 6 and enters the swirl port 64, the high-pressure airflow generated by the operation of the external blower 4 enters the second air chamber 62 inside the discharge plate 6 through the air duct 61, and then is sprayed into the swirl port 64 through the inclined air guide holes 63. These inclined airflows form a rotating airflow field in the swirl port 64, causing the straw material passing through it to rotate and fall. This rotating and falling motion further enhances the fluffy state of the material, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and effectiveness of the subsequent vibrating screen 1 for impurities.

[0030] The working principle of a fertilizer screening device is as follows: When straw material needs to be screened, the material first falls into the feed box 12, where it is initially broken up and scattered by the high-speed rotating first dispersing rod 133. Simultaneously, the hollow first rotating shaft 132 rotates, and its bottom fan blades 136 rotate accordingly, generating a downward airflow. This airflow helps carry the broken-up material downwards. When the material falls to the area of ​​the discharge plate 6 and enters the swirl inlet 64, the high-pressure airflow generated by the external fan 4 enters the second air chamber 62 inside the discharge plate 6 through the air duct 61, and then is sprayed into the swirl inlet 64 through the inclined air guide holes 63. These inclined airflows form a rotating airflow field within the swirl inlet 64, causing the straw material passing through it to rotate and fall. This rotating descent not only further enhances the fluffy state of the material, but also, during the subsequent rotation of the first dispersing rod 133, the swing rod 2, driven by the turntable 141 and the eccentric shaft 143, drives the rack 21 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the second gear 32 meshing with it to rotate alternately in both directions. This allows the second dispersing rod 31, fixed on the third rotating shaft 3, to swing up and down inside the feed box 12. Thus, the straw material initially dispersed by the first dispersing rod 133 is further struck and scattered by the swinging second dispersing rod 31 from both sides during the descent, thereby achieving a more thorough dispersion and fluffing effect.

[0031] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the vibrating screen 1, motor 131 and fan 4 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be elaborated in detail.

[0032] The power supply and operating principle of the vibrating screen 1, motor 131 and fan 4 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer screening device, comprising a vibrating screen (1), characterized in that, It also includes a feed box (12) disposed above the screen surface of the vibrating screen (1), the feed box (12) being a cylindrical structure that runs vertically through the screen; a crossbar (13) is fixed horizontally at the top opening of the feed box (12), a motor (131) is fixed on the crossbar (13), the power output shaft of the motor (131) extends vertically downward and is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (132), and a plurality of first scattering rods (133) are fixedly disposed on the lower outer circumferential surface of the first rotating shaft (132).

2. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crown gear (134) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft (132), and a first gear (142) is provided in mesh with the crown gear (134). A second rotating shaft (14) is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear (142). The second rotating shaft (14) extends horizontally to the outside of the feed box (12), and a turntable (141) is fixedly installed at its end. An eccentric shaft (143) is fixedly provided on the surface of the turntable (141) away from its center.

3. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide rail (15) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feed box (12) near the turntable (141). A rack (21) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (15). A rocker arm (2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rack (21). A long reciprocating hole (22) is opened through the rocker arm (2) along its length direction. The free end of the eccentric shaft (143) is movably inserted into the reciprocating hole (22).

4. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rack (21) is provided with second gears (32) meshing on both sides below. A third shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the center of each second gear (32). The third shaft (3) passes through the side wall of the feed box (12) and extends into its interior. Multiple second spraying rods (31) are uniformly fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the third shaft (3) inside the feed box (12).

5. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second spraying rod (31) has a first air cavity (311) inside along its axial direction, and the upper surface of the second spraying rod (31) has a plurality of air holes (312) that communicate with the first air cavity (311).

6. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A bottom cylinder (5) is movably connected to the inner wall of the feed box (12). A telescopic cylinder (51) is telescopically fitted inside the bottom cylinder (5). An upwardly extending through hole (511) is opened at the bottom of the telescopic cylinder (51). A second one-way valve (512) is installed in the through hole (511). A first one-way valve (52) is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the bottom cylinder (5).

7. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (513) is connected between the telescopic cylinder (51) and the second spraying rod (31), and the connecting pipe (513) is corrugated.

8. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom cylinder (5) is connected to the inner wall of the feed box (12) by a hinge.

9. The fertilizer screening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support rod (11) is provided between the vibrating screen (1) and the feed box (12), and the feed box (12) is supported and fixed above the screen surface of the vibrating screen (1) by the support rod (11).

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