A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives, comprising: a main control unit for command parsing, protocol conversion, safety logic judgment, and output control; a wireless receiving unit with its TXD and RXD pins connected to the main control unit's USART2_RX and USART2_TX pins respectively, and its AUX pin connected to the main control unit's GPIO for status monitoring; an isolated CAN unit consisting of an ISO1050DUBR isolated CAN transceiver and a B0505XT-1WR2 isolated power supply; an isolated RS485 unit employing an isolated RS485 transceiver circuit connected to the main control unit's UART interface for compatibility with older onboard systems; a power management unit with a 24V DC input from the onboard system, stepped down to +5V and regulated to +3.3V; multiple power supplies using ferrite beads and capacitors for branch filtering; and a protection and calibration unit that calibrates output parameters using a digital potentiometer. This invention enables direct interface with the onboard control system, improving the stability, safety, and adaptability of the rail locomotive remote control system, and reducing modification and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless remote control technology for industrial vehicles, and more particularly to a multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most remote control systems for electric rail traction locomotives use the traditional 433MHz wireless communication scheme, which has the following shortcomings in practical applications:

[0003] 1. Wireless communication has a limited range and weak anti-interference ability. It is prone to packet loss and command delay in environments with metal obstruction and electromagnetic interference from frequency converters in the factory area.

[0004] 2. The output interfaces are mainly digital and analog signals, which cannot be directly compatible with vehicle CAN and RS485 buses. External adapter modules are required, resulting in low system integration and complicated wiring.

[0005] 3. The power supply and communication signals are not electrically isolated. The 24V high voltage on the vehicle is prone to crosstalk, which can damage the control board and result in insufficient safety and stability.

[0006] 4. The lack of safety mechanisms such as communication timeout protection, emergency stop priority, and local / remote interlock poses a safety hazard of malfunction.

[0007] 5. The overall device has many discrete components and is relatively large in size, making it unsuitable for compact installation on rail locomotives and long-term stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives, characterized in that it includes a main control unit: an external 16MHz crystal oscillator, a reset circuit and an SWD debugging interface, used for instruction parsing, protocol conversion, safety logic judgment and output control;

[0011] Wireless receiver unit: The module's TXD and RXD pins are connected to the main control USART2_RX and USART2_TX respectively, and the AUX pin is connected to the main control GPIO for status monitoring; the module is powered by an independent RF_+5V, and noise is reduced by a ferrite bead filter;

[0012] Isolated CAN Unit: Composed of ISO1050DUBR isolated CAN transceiver and B0505XT-1WR2 isolated power supply; CAN_TX and CAN_RX of ISO1050 are connected to the main control serial port, and CAN_H and CAN_L are differential output terminals; the isolated power supply provides independent power supply for the CAN side, realizing dual electrical isolation of signal and power supply;

[0013] Isolated RS485 Unit: Employs isolated RS485 transceiver circuitry, connects to the main control UART interface, supports a baud rate of 115200bps, and enables communication compatible with older vehicle systems;

[0014] Power Management Unit: The vehicle-mounted 24V DC input is stepped down to +5V by TPS54340 and then regulated to +3.3V by XC6220; multiple power supplies are filtered separately using ferrite beads and capacitors.

[0015] Protection and calibration unit: Equipped with BLM series magnetic beads and PZ2012D ESD protection devices, and output parameter calibration is achieved through TPL0401A digital potentiometer.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the main control chip U1 of the main control unit adopts an STM32F030C6T7 microcontroller, and the PH0 / OSC_IN and PH1 / OSC_OUT pins of the crystal oscillator circuit are connected to the external crystal oscillator Y1, and the series capacitors C22 and C23 are connected to ground to form a clock oscillation circuit.

[0017] In the reset circuit, the NRST pin is connected in series with resistor R1 to +3V3 and in parallel with capacitor C1 to ground; power supply and ground: the VDD, VDDA, VSS, and VSSA pins are connected to the power supply +3V3 and ground;

[0018] In the debugging and interface section, PA13 / SWDIO and PA14 / SWCLK pins are connected to the SWD debugging interface; PB4 / LED_RUN is connected in series with LED1 and R5 to +3V3; PB6 / USART1_TX and PB7 / USART1_RX pins output USART1_TX and USART1_RX respectively, connecting to the 485_DI_RO control circuit; PB11 / I2C1_SDA and PB10 / I2C1_SCL pins serve as I²C communication interfaces, outputting SDA and SCL signals respectively.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the wireless module U2 of the wireless transceiver unit adopts E22-400T30D; the interface connection is as follows: the ANT_IO0, ANT_IO1, and ANT_IO2 pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the main control U1 through resistors R17, R18, and R19, respectively; the USART2_TX and USART2_RX pins are connected to the PA2 and PA3 pins of the main control U1, respectively;

[0020] Power supply and filtering: The VCC pin is connected to the RF_+5V power supply. The power supply terminal is connected in series with the ferrite bead FB2 to +5V, and in parallel with capacitors C20 and C21 to ground to achieve power supply filtering.

[0021] Protection and Antenna: GND#7, GND#8, GND#9, GND#10, and GND#11 pins are grounded; the ANT pin is connected to an external antenna interface.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention, the isolated CAN chip U3 of the isolated CAN communication unit adopts ISO1050DUBR;

[0023] Signal-side power supply: Connect VCC1 pin to +3V3, connect GND1 pin to digital ground, and connect capacitor C18 in parallel;

[0024] Power supply on the isolation side: Connect the VCC2 pin to the CAN_5.0V isolation power supply, connect the GND2 pin to the CAN_GND isolation ground, and connect a capacitor C19 in parallel;

[0025] Signal connections: The RXD pin is connected to the PB8 / CAN_RX pin of the main controller U1, and the TXD pin is connected to the PB9 / CAN_TX pin of the main controller U1;

[0026] Bus interface: The CAN_H and CAN_L pins are brought out to the outside of the CAN bus.

[0027] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the RS485 chip U7 of the RS485 communication unit adopts ST485EBDR;

[0028] Power supply and grounding: VCC pin connected to +5V, GND pin grounded, with capacitor C27 connected in parallel;

[0029] Signal connections: The RO pin is connected to the USART1_RX pin of the main controller U1, the DI pin is connected to the USART1_TX pin of the main controller U1, and the DE and RE pins are connected in parallel to the 485_RE_DE control pin of the main controller U1;

[0030] Interface and Protection: Pins A and B output 485A and 485B signals respectively. Pins A and B are connected to terminating resistor R21. Pin B is connected in series with resistor R22 to GND, and pin A is connected in series with resistor R23 to +5V. Pins 485A and 485B are connected in series with ferrite beads FB7 and FB8, and in parallel with ESD devices to ground to achieve anti-interference and electrostatic protection. Test points TP1 and TP2 output 485+ and 485- signals respectively.

[0031] As a further aspect of the present invention, the operational amplifier U9 of the analog calibration unit adopts a TLV2314IDR;

[0032] Channel A: Pin 1 is connected to AD_IN through resistor R32, pins 1 and 2 are shorted, pin 8 is connected to +5VA, and pin 4 is grounded; pin 3 is connected to resistor R30 to ADC_IN test point TP8, and pin 3 is connected to capacitor C84 and R31 to GND;

[0033] Channel B: Pin 5 is connected to the REF_5V reference signal through resistor R25, and pin 6 is connected to GND through resistor R26; pin 6 is connected to pin 7 through resistor R27, and connected to the DAC_OUT test point TP7 in series with resistor R28, and connected to ground in parallel with resistor R29.

[0034] Power supply and filtering: A ferrite bead FB5 is connected in series to the +5VA power supply terminal to +5V, and capacitors C29 and C30 are connected in parallel to ground to achieve power supply filtering.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the digital potentiometer U8 of the digital potentiometer unit adopts TPL0401A-10DCKR; power supply and grounding: VDD pin is connected to +3V3, and GND pin is grounded; interface connection: SCL pin is connected to PB10 / I2C1_SCL pin of the main control U1, and SDA pin is connected to PB11 / I2C1_SDA pin of the main control U1; signal and output: H pin is connected to +5V reference power supply, and W pin is connected to DAC_OUT circuit of analog calibration unit to realize digital potential adjustment.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the 24V to 5V power module step-down chip U4 of the power management unit adopts TPS54340DDAR;

[0037] Input circuit: +24VIN input terminal with capacitors C2 and C4 connected in parallel to ground;

[0038] Chip Connections: The VIN pin is connected to +24VIN; the EN pin is connected to ground and +24VIN via resistors R8 and R7; the BOOT pin is connected in series with capacitor C5 to the PH pin; the PH pin is connected in series with inductor L1 and diode D8 to the +5V output terminal and pin 7 GND respectively; the COMP pin is connected in series with resistor R10, capacitor C6, and capacitor C7 to ground; the FB pin is connected in series with resistors R11 and R12 to divide the voltage to the +5V output terminal and GND; pin 4 RT / CLK is connected in series with resistor R9 to ground; Output Filtering: capacitors C8, C9, and C10 are connected in parallel to ground at the +5V output terminal.

[0039] The LDO chip U5 of the 5V to 3.3V LDO module uses XC6220D331MR;

[0040] Input and enable: Connect the VIN pin to +5V and connect it to ground in parallel with C11; connect the EN pin to +5V through resistor R13.

[0041] Output and Filtering: The VOUT pin outputs +3V3, with parallel capacitors C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, and C28 connected to ground; the +3V3 power supply terminal is connected in series with a ferrite bead FB1 and in parallel with capacitor C17 connected to ground, to power the analog VDDA.

[0042] The isolation power supply chip U6 in the isolation power supply module is B0505XT-1WR2;

[0043] Input and filtering: Connect the VIN pin to +5V, with a capacitor C24 in parallel, an inductor L3 in series, and C26 in parallel to ground; connect pin 1 to GND and ground.

[0044] Output and protection: The +VO output terminal leads out CAN_5.0V, and a capacitor C25 is connected in parallel to CAN_GND for isolation ground. The 0V pin of the 4th pin is connected to CAN_GND to achieve 5V isolated power supply and filtering.

[0045] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the model of FB7 magnetic bead is BLM18AG221SN1, the model of FB8 magnetic bead is BLM18AG221SN1, the model of the parallel ESD device is ESD05V32D-C series, and the model of FB5 magnetic bead is BLM18AG221SN1.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the series inductor L1 is of model number SWPA4030S100MT, and the series inductor L3 is of model number SWPA3010S6R8MT.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention aims to solve the problems of short communication distance, poor anti-interference, incompatible interfaces, low electrical safety, and imperfect protection logic of existing remote control receivers for rail traction locomotives, and provides a long-distance, fully isolated, multi-protocol compatible, and highly secure remote control receiver that can directly interface with the vehicle control system, improve the stability, safety and adaptability of the rail locomotive remote control system, and reduce the cost of modification and maintenance.

[0048] More Reliable Communication: LoRa spread spectrum technology enhances communication distance and anti-interference capabilities, preventing packet loss even in obstructed environments. More Compatible Interfaces: A single device integrates CAN / RS485 / USB / GPIO / analog interfaces, allowing direct adaptation to both new and old locomotives without adapters. Safer Electrically: Dual isolation of power and signals prevents crosstalk to the control board under high voltage, meeting industrial safety requirements. More Comprehensive Protection: Triple protection including emergency stop, timeout, and interlock reduces the risk of misoperation. Higher Integration: Single PCB integrated design results in a small size, simplified wiring, and convenient installation and maintenance. Enhanced Stability: Wide voltage input, multi-stage filtering, and low temperature drift protection make it suitable for long-term continuous operation of locomotives. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall system of the remote control receiver of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main control unit circuit of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the LoRa wireless receiver module interface of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the isolated CAN communication interface of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the isolated RS485 interface and analog circuit of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram for the power management and isolated power supply of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives is characterized by including a main control unit: an external 16MHz crystal oscillator, a reset circuit, and an SWD debugging interface, used for instruction parsing, protocol conversion, safety logic judgment, and output control;

[0057] Wireless receiver unit: E22-400T30D LoRa module is used. The TXD and RXD pins of the module are connected to the main control USART2_RX and USART2_TX respectively, and the AUX pin is connected to the main control GPIO for status monitoring. The module is powered by independent RF_+5V and the noise is reduced by ferrite bead filtering.

[0058] Isolated CAN Unit: Composed of ISO1050DUBR isolated CAN transceiver and B0505XT-1WR2 isolated power supply; CAN_TX and CAN_RX of ISO1050 are connected to the main control serial port, and CAN_H and CAN_L are differential output terminals; the isolated power supply provides independent power supply for the CAN side, realizing dual electrical isolation of signal and power, and the withstand voltage meets industrial-grade requirements;

[0059] Isolated RS485 Unit: Employs isolated RS485 transceiver circuitry, connects to the main control UART interface, supports a baud rate of 115200bps, and enables communication compatible with older vehicle systems;

[0060] Power Management Unit: The vehicle-mounted 24V DC input is stepped down to +5V by TPS54340 and then regulated to +3.3V by XC6220; multiple power supplies are filtered separately using ferrite beads and capacitors.

[0061] Protection and calibration unit: Equipped with BLM series magnetic beads and PZ2012D ESD protection devices, and uses TPL0401A digital potentiometer to calibrate output parameters, thereby improving system consistency and stability.

[0062] The main control chip U1 of the main control unit adopts an STM32F030C6T7 microcontroller. In the crystal oscillator circuit, the PH0 / OSC_IN and PH1 / OSC_OUT pins are connected to the external crystal oscillator Y1 (16MHz), and the series capacitors C22 (22p) and C23 (22p) are connected to ground to form a clock oscillation circuit.

[0063] In the reset circuit, the NRST pin is connected in series with resistor R1 (10K) to +3V3, and in parallel with capacitor C1 (0.1uF) to ground; power supply and ground: the VDD, VDDA, VSS, and VSSA pins are connected to the power supply +3V3 and ground;

[0064] In the debugging and interface section, PA13 / SWDIO and PA14 / SWCLK pins are connected to the SWD debugging interface; PB4 / LED_RUN is connected in series with LED1 and R5 (1K) to +3V3; PB6 / USART1_TX and PB7 / USART1_RX pins output USART1_TX and USART1_RX to the outside, connecting to the 485_DI_RO control circuit; PB11 / I2C1_SDA and PB10 / I2C1_SCL pins serve as I²C communication interfaces, leading out SDA and SCL signals.

[0065] The wireless module U2 of the wireless transceiver unit adopts the E22-400T30D;

[0066] Interface connections: ANT_IO0, ANT_IO1, and ANT_IO2 pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the main controller U1 via resistors R17 (0R), R18 (0R), and R19 (0R), respectively; USART2_TX and USART2_RX pins are connected to the PA2 and PA3 pins of the main controller U1, respectively.

[0067] Power supply and filtering: The VCC pin is connected to the RF_+5V power supply. A ferrite bead FB2 (BLM18AG221SN1) is connected in series to the +5V power supply terminal, and capacitors C20 (100uF / 10V) and C21 (0.1uF) are connected in parallel to ground to achieve power supply filtering.

[0068] Protection and Antenna: GND#7, GND#8, GND#9, GND#10, and GND#11 pins are grounded; the ANT pin is connected to an external antenna interface.

[0069] The isolated CAN communication unit uses the ISO1050DUBR isolated CAN chip U3.

[0070] Signal side power supply: VCC1 pin connected to +3V3, GND1 pin connected to digital ground, with parallel capacitor C18 (0.1uF / 50V).

[0071] Power supply on the isolation side: Connect the VCC2 pin to the CAN_5.0V isolation power supply, connect the GND2 pin to the CAN_GND isolation ground, and connect a capacitor C19 (0.1uF / 50V) in parallel.

[0072] Signal connections: The RXD pin is connected to the PB8 / CAN_RX pin of the main controller U1, and the TXD pin is connected to the PB9 / CAN_TX pin of the main controller U1;

[0073] Bus interface: The CAN_H and CAN_L pins are brought out to the outside of the CAN bus.

[0074] The RS485 communication unit uses the ST485EBDR chip U7.

[0075] Power supply and grounding: VCC pin connected to +5V, GND pin grounded, with a parallel capacitor C27 (0.1uF).

[0076] Signal connections: The RO pin is connected to the USART1_RX pin of the main controller U1, the DI pin is connected to the USART1_TX pin of the main controller U1, and the DE and RE pins are connected in parallel to the 485_RE_DE control pin of the main controller U1;

[0077] Interface and Protection: Pins A and B respectively lead out 485A and 485B signals. Pins A and B are connected to terminating resistor R21 (120R). Pin B is connected in series with resistor R22 (3.3K) to GND, and pin A is connected in series with resistor R23 (3.3K) to +5V. Pins 485A and 485B are connected in series with ferrite beads FB7 (BLM18AG221SN1) and FB8 (BLM18AG221SN1), and in parallel with ESD devices (PZ2012D series) to ground to achieve anti-interference and electrostatic protection. Test points TP1 and TP2 lead out 485+ and 485- signals.

[0078] The operational amplifier U9 in the analog calibration unit uses a TLV2314IDR;

[0079] Channel A (Op-amp 1): Pin 1 is connected to AD_IN through resistor R32 (22R), pins 1 and 2 are shorted, pin 8 (VCC) is connected to +5VA, and pin 4 (GND) is grounded; pin 3 is connected to resistor R30 (2K) to the ADC_IN test point TP8, and pin 3 is connected to capacitor C84 (1nF) and R31 (3K) to GND;

[0080] Channel B (Op-amp 2): Pin 5 is connected to the REF_5V reference signal through resistor R25 (0R), and pin 6 is connected to GND through resistor R26 (0R); pin 6 is connected to pin 7 through resistor R27 (0R), and connected to the DAC_OUT test point TP7 in series with resistor R28 (1K), and connected to ground in parallel with resistor R29 (0R);

[0081] Power supply and filtering: A ferrite bead FB5 is connected in series to the +5VA power supply terminal to +5V, and capacitors C29 (10uF) and C30 (0.1uF) are connected in parallel to ground to achieve power supply filtering.

[0082] The digital potentiometer U8 of the digital potentiometer unit adopts TPL0401A-10DCKR; power supply and grounding: VDD pin is connected to +3V3, and GND pin is grounded; interface connection: SCL pin is connected to PB10 / I2C1_SCL pin of the main control U1, and SDA pin is connected to PB11 / I2C1_SDA pin of the main control U1; signal and output: H pin is connected to +5V reference power supply, and W pin is connected to DAC_OUT circuit of analog calibration unit to realize digital potentiometer adjustment.

[0083] The 24V to 5V power module step-down chip U4 in the power management unit uses TPS54340DDAR;

[0084] Input circuit: Connect capacitors C2 (22uF / 35V) and C4 (0.1uF) in parallel to ground at the +24VIN input terminal;

[0085] Chip Connections: The VIN pin is connected to +24VIN; the EN pin is connected to ground and +24VIN via resistors R8 (16.2K) and R7 (100K); the BOOT pin is connected in series with capacitor C5 (0.1uF) to the PH pin; the PH pin is connected in series with inductor L1 and diode D8 (freewheeling diode) to the +5V output and pin 7 GND; the COMP pin is connected in series with resistor R10 (11.5K), capacitor C6 (5600pF), and capacitor C7 (47pF) to ground; the FB pin is connected in series with resistors R11 (10.5K) and R12 (2K) to divide the voltage to the +5V output and GND; pin 4 RT / CLK is connected in series with resistor R9 (162K) to ground; Output Filtering: the +5V output is connected in parallel with capacitors C8 (100uF / 10V), C9 (100uF / 10V), and C10 (0.1uF) to ground.

[0086] The LDO chip U5 of the 5V to 3.3V LDO module uses XC6220D331MR;

[0087] Input and enable: Connect the VIN pin to +5V and connect it to ground in parallel with C11 (10uF / 10V); connect the EN pin to +5V through resistor R13 (10K);

[0088] Output and Filtering: The VOUT pin outputs +3V3, with parallel capacitors C12 (10uF / 10V), C13 (10uF / 10V), C14 (0.1uF), C15 (0.1uF), C16 (0.1uF), and C28 (0.1uF) connected to ground; the +3V3 power supply terminal is connected in series with a ferrite bead FB1, with a parallel capacitor C17 (0.1uF) connected to ground, to power the analog VDDA. The ferrite bead FB1 is model BLM15AG121SN1.

[0089] The isolation power supply chip U6 in the isolation power supply module is B0505XT-1WR2;

[0090] Input and filtering: Connect the VIN pin to +5V, with a capacitor C24 (4.7uF / 10V) in parallel, an inductor L3 in series, and a capacitor C26 (4.7uF / 10V) in parallel to ground; pin 1 GND is grounded;

[0091] Output and protection: The +VO output terminal leads out CAN_5.0V, and a capacitor C25 (10uF / 10V) is connected in parallel to CAN_GND isolation ground. The 0V pin of the 4th pin is connected to CAN_GND to realize 5V isolated power supply and filtering.

[0092] The ferrite bead FB7 is model BLM18AG221SN1, the ferrite bead FB8 is model BLM18AG221SN1, the parallel ESD device is model ESD05V32D-C series, the ferrite bead FB5 is model BLM18AG221SN1, and the ferrite bead FB2 is model BLM18AG221SN1. The series inductor L1 is model SWPA4030S100MT, and the series inductor L3 is model SWPA3010S6R8MT.

[0093] Overall protection and layout;

[0094] All power ports (+24VIN, +5V, +3V3) and signal ports (wireless, CAN, RS485, analog interface) are equipped with ferrite beads (BLM series), ESD protection devices (PZ2012D series) and TVS transient suppression diodes to achieve surge and electrostatic protection.

[0095] Each isolation domain (CAN isolation, wireless module, analog circuit) has its power and ground planes independently partitioned, using isolated power supplies and isolated communication chips to eliminate ground loop interference and adapt to the strong electromagnetic interference environment of electric rail traction locomotives;

[0096] The core components are industrial-grade and support a wide operating temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃, meeting the requirements of complex automotive operating conditions.

[0097] This remote control receiver uses a LoRa wireless module to achieve long-distance, high-interference-resistant remote control command reception. It directly connects to the vehicle control system through isolated CAN and isolated RS485 dual bus interfaces. It adopts multi-stage step-down voltage regulation and independent isolated power supply to effectively suppress strong crosstalk and electromagnetic interference from the vehicle. At the same time, it integrates a triple safety protection mechanism of hardware emergency stop, communication timeout, and local / remote interlock. The whole machine has high integration, strong compatibility, high safety, and good stability, and is particularly suitable for industrial wireless remote control scenarios of electric rail traction locomotives.

[0098] The above description represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, based on the teachings of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives, characterized in that, Includes a main control unit: an external 16MHz crystal oscillator, a reset circuit, and an SWD debugging interface, used for instruction parsing, protocol conversion, security logic judgment, and output control; Wireless receiver unit: The module's TXD and RXD pins are connected to the main control USART2_RX and USART2_TX respectively, and the AUX pin is connected to the main control GPIO for status monitoring; the module is powered by an independent RF_+5V, and noise is reduced by a ferrite bead filter; Isolated CAN Unit: Composed of ISO1050DUBR isolated CAN transceiver and B0505XT-1WR2 isolated power supply; CAN_TX and CAN_RX of ISO1050 are connected to the main control serial port, and CAN_H and CAN_L are differential output terminals; the isolated power supply provides independent power supply for the CAN side, realizing dual electrical isolation of signal and power supply; Isolated RS485 unit: It adopts an isolated RS485 transceiver circuit, connects to the main control UART interface, supports a baud rate of 115200bps, and achieves communication compatibility with the old vehicle system; Power Management Unit: The vehicle-mounted 24V DC input is stepped down to +5V by TPS54340 and then regulated to +3.3V by XC6220; multiple power supplies are filtered separately using ferrite beads and capacitors. Protection and calibration unit: Equipped with BLM series magnetic beads and PZ2012D ESD protection devices, and output parameter calibration is achieved through TPL0401A digital potentiometer.

2. The multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main control chip U1 of the main control unit adopts an STM32F030C6T7 microcontroller. The PH0 / OSC_IN and PH1 / OSC_OUT pins of the crystal oscillator circuit are connected to the external crystal oscillator Y1, and the series capacitors C22 and C23 are connected to ground to form a clock oscillation circuit. In the reset circuit, the NRST pin is connected in series with resistor R1 to +3V3 and in parallel with capacitor C1 to ground; power supply and ground: the VDD, VDDA, VSS, and VSSA pins are connected to the power supply +3V3 and ground; In the debugging and interface section, PA13 / SWDIO and PA14 / SWCLK pins are connected to the SWD debugging interface; PB4 / LED_RUN is connected in series with LED1 and R5 to +3V3; PB6 / USART1_TX and PB7 / USART1_RX pins output USART1_TX and USART1_RX respectively, connecting to the 485_DI_RO control circuit; PB11 / I2C1_SDA and PB10 / I2C1_SCL pins serve as I²C communication interfaces, outputting SDA and SCL signals respectively.

3. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless module U2 of the wireless transceiver unit adopts E22-400T30D; interface connections: ANT_IO0, ANT_IO1, and ANT_IO2 pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the main control U1 through resistors R17, R18, and R19 respectively; USART2_TX and USART2_RX pins are connected to the PA2 and PA3 pins of the main control U1 respectively; Power supply and filtering: The VCC pin is connected to the RF_+5V power supply. The power supply terminal is connected in series with the ferrite bead FB2 to +5V, and in parallel with capacitors C20 and C21 to ground to achieve power supply filtering. Protection and Antenna: GND#7, GND#8, GND#9, GND#10, and GND#11 pins are grounded; the ANT pin is connected to an external antenna interface.

4. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The isolated CAN chip U3 of the isolated CAN communication unit adopts ISO1050DUBR; Signal-side power supply: Connect VCC1 pin to +3V3, connect GND1 pin to digital ground, and connect capacitor C18 in parallel; Power supply on the isolation side: Connect the VCC2 pin to the CAN_5.0V isolation power supply, connect the GND2 pin to the CAN_GND isolation ground, and connect a capacitor C19 in parallel; Signal connections: The RXD pin is connected to the PB8 / CAN_RX pin of the main controller U1, and the TXD pin is connected to the PB9 / CAN_TX pin of the main controller U1; Bus interface: The CAN_H and CAN_L pins are brought out to the outside of the CAN bus.

5. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The RS485 communication unit uses the ST485EBDR chip U7. Power supply and grounding: VCC pin connected to +5V, GND pin grounded, with capacitor C27 connected in parallel; Signal connections: The RO pin is connected to the USART1_RX pin of the main controller U1, the DI pin is connected to the USART1_TX pin of the main controller U1, and the DE and RE pins are connected in parallel to the 485_RE_DE control pin of the main controller U1; Interface and Protection: Pins A and B output 485A and 485B signals respectively. Pins A and B are connected to terminating resistor R21. Pin B is connected in series with resistor R22 to GND, and pin A is connected in series with resistor R23 to +5V. Pins 485A and 485B are connected in series with ferrite beads FB7 and FB8, and in parallel with ESD devices to ground to achieve anti-interference and electrostatic protection. Test points TP1 and TP2 output 485+ and 485- signals respectively.

6. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operational amplifier U9 in the analog calibration unit uses a TLV2314IDR; Channel A: Pin 1 is connected to AD_IN through resistor R32, pins 1 and 2 are shorted, pin 8 is connected to +5VA, and pin 4 is grounded; pin 3 is connected to resistor R30 to ADC_IN test point TP8, and pin 3 is connected to capacitor C84 and R31 to GND; Channel B: Pin 5 is connected to the REF_5V reference signal through resistor R25, and pin 6 is connected to GND through resistor R26; pin 6 is connected to pin 7 through resistor R27, and connected to the DAC_OUT test point TP7 in series with resistor R28, and connected to ground in parallel with resistor R29. Power supply and filtering: A ferrite bead FB5 is connected in series to the +5VA power supply terminal to +5V, and capacitors C29 and C30 are connected in parallel to ground to achieve power supply filtering.

7. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim , characterized in that, The digital potentiometer U8 of the digital potentiometer unit adopts TPL0401A-10DCKR; power supply and grounding: VDD pin is connected to +3V3, and GND pin is grounded; interface connection: SCL pin is connected to PB10 / I2C1_SCL pin of the main control U1, and SDA pin is connected to PB11 / I2C1_SDA pin of the main control U1; signal and output: H pin is connected to +5V reference power supply, and W pin is connected to DAC_OUT circuit of analog calibration unit to realize digital potentiometer adjustment.

8. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The 24V to 5V power module step-down chip U4 in the power management unit uses TPS54340DDAR; Input circuit: +24VIN input terminal with capacitors C2 and C4 connected in parallel to ground; Chip Connections: The VIN pin is connected to +24VIN; the EN pin is connected to ground and +24VIN via resistors R8 and R7; the BOOT pin is connected in series with capacitor C5 to the PH pin; the PH pin is connected in series with inductor L1 and diode D8 to the +5V output terminal and pin 7 GND; the COMP pin is connected in series with resistor R10, capacitor C6, and capacitor C7 to ground; the FB pin is connected in series with resistors R11 and R12 to divide the voltage to the +5V output terminal and GND; pin 4 RT / CLK is connected in series with resistor R9 to ground; Output Filtering: capacitors C8, C9, and C10 are connected in parallel to ground at the +5V output terminal. The LDO chip U5 of the 5V to 3.3V LDO module uses XC6220D331MR; Input and enable: Connect the VIN pin to +5V and connect it to ground in parallel with C11; connect the EN pin to +5V through resistor R13. Output and Filtering: The VOUT pin outputs +3V3, with parallel capacitors C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, and C28 connected to ground; the +3V3 power supply terminal is connected in series with a ferrite bead FB1 and in parallel with capacitor C17 connected to ground, to power the analog VDDA. The isolation power supply chip U6 in the isolation power supply module is B0505XT-1WR2; Input and filtering: Connect the VIN pin to +5V, with a capacitor C24 in parallel, an inductor L3 in series, and C26 in parallel to ground; connect pin 1 to GND and ground. Output and protection: The +VO output terminal leads out CAN_5.0V, and a capacitor C25 is connected in parallel to CAN_GND for isolation ground. The 0V pin of the 4th pin is connected to CAN_GND to achieve 5V isolated power supply and filtering.

9. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The FB7 ferrite bead is model BLM18AG221SN1, the FB8 ferrite bead is model BLM18AG221SN1, and the parallel ESD device is model ESD05V32D-C. The series, the FB5 magnetic bead model is BLM18AG221SN1.

10. A multi-protocol isolated wireless remote control receiver for electric rail traction locomotives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The series inductor L1 is model number SWPA4030S100MT, and the series inductor L3 is model number SWPA3010S6R8MT.

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