A vertical turning and milling machining center

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vertical milling and turning technology, and discloses a vertical milling and turning composite machining center, including a machining table, a support frame, a vertical cantilever, a drive motor, and a drive shaft. A composite machining mechanism for switching machining types is mounted on the side of the vertical cantilever; a switching mechanism for changing the workpiece's motion state according to the machining type is provided below the composite machining mechanism; a spraying mechanism for changing the coolant's application according to the machining type is provided on the upper surface of the machining table; a clamping mechanism for fixing a ring-shaped workpiece is provided at the top of the switching mechanism; the composite machining mechanism includes a sliding frame plate, with two double-toothed plates slidably connected inside the sliding frame plate. This invention utilizes the forward and reverse directions of the vertical cantilever's lifting stroke to correspond to different machining actions, improving the continuity of actions and machining efficiency, and ensuring the positional stability and synchronization accuracy of the milling cutter and drill bit near the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical turning and milling machining technology, specifically a vertical turning and milling composite machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical and large annular workpieces need to be milled and drilled simultaneously in a single clamping operation. Traditional equipment struggles to achieve rapid alternation and stable clamping of the two processes. Furthermore, the coolant spray path cannot be automatically matched under different processing conditions, resulting in incomplete chip removal or insufficient drill cooling. Additionally, the workpiece clamping method cannot simultaneously center the cylindrical part and provide multi-point support to the inner wall of the annular part, which can easily lead to processing deformation or workpiece loosening. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a composite machining center that integrates turning, milling, and drilling functions and can automatically switch clamping force, cooling channels, and braking protection according to the process status.

[0003] To address the problem that existing equipment only has one processing method, which leads to frequent changes in equipment for processing workpieces and affects processing efficiency, a vertical turning and milling composite machining center is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vertical turning and milling composite machining center to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a vertical turning and milling composite machining center, including a machining table, a support frame, a vertical moving arm, a transmission motor, and a drive long shaft, wherein a composite machining mechanism for switching machining types is installed on the side of the vertical moving arm;

[0006] The composite processing mechanism is equipped with a switching mechanism below it that changes the workpiece motion state according to the type of processing.

[0007] The upper surface of the processing table is equipped with a spraying mechanism that changes the purpose of the coolant according to the type of processing.

[0008] The top of the switching mechanism is provided with a clamping mechanism adapted to fix the ring-shaped workpiece.

[0009] The composite machining mechanism includes a sliding frame plate, with two double-toothed plates slidably connected inside the sliding frame plate. Double-sided gears mesh between the two double-toothed plates, and a single-sided gear is fixedly connected to the axis of the double-sided gears. A single-toothed plate meshes with the side of the double-sided gears, and a horizontal slide rod is slidably connected to the top of the single-toothed plate. A top frame is fixedly connected to both ends of the horizontal slide rod. A drive block is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame plate, and a milling cutter assembly and a hole-opening assembly are fixedly connected to the sides of the two double-toothed plates, respectively. A lifting drill bit is installed on the side of the hole-opening assembly.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the drive block is driven by the motor through a threaded rod and slides with the vertical cantilever. The double-sided gear is rotatably connected to the sliding frame plate, the single-tooth plate is slidably connected to the sliding frame plate, and the top frame is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the switching mechanism includes a drive shaft seat, a drive housing is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft seat away from the drive shaft, a turntable motor is installed on the inner wall of the drive housing, a turntable shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the output shaft of the turntable motor, a triangular chuck is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable shaft, four long guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the drive housing, a lifting housing is fixedly connected to the top of the long guide rods, a short spring rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lifting housing, a brake block is slidably connected to the outer side of the short spring rod, and a brake pad is provided on the inner side of the brake block.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the brake pad is fixedly connected to the turntable shaft, the lifting housing is rotatably connected to the turntable shaft, the drive housing is slidably connected to the inside of the processing table, the drive shaft seat is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the drive long shaft, and a reciprocating spring is provided on the outside of the short spring rod, and the two ends of the reciprocating spring are fixedly connected to the lifting housing and the brake block respectively.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the spraying mechanism includes a nozzle, an output pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the nozzle, a switching valve cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the output pipe away from the nozzle, a plug is slidably connected to the inner wall of the switching valve cylinder, a plug rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the plug, a slide bar plate is slidably connected to the bottom end of the plug rod, an input pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle part of the switching valve cylinder, and a spray plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the switching valve cylinder.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the switching valve cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing table, the slide bar plate is slidably connected to the drive housing, a spring spring is provided on the outer side of the plug rod, and the two ends of the spring spring are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the plug rod and the slide bar plate respectively, and a collection groove is provided on the table surface of the processing table.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism includes three sliding tooth blocks. Each sliding tooth block has a spring-loaded block slidably connected to its top. A rubber block is fixedly connected to the side of the spring-loaded block. Two wall-adhering hinge rods are hinged to the upper surface of the spring-loaded block. Two contact blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the sliding tooth block. A spring-loaded sheet is hinged to the end of each wall-adhering hinge rod.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the triangular chuck is slidably connected to the sliding tooth block, and a pressure spring is provided on the side of the pressure block, with the two ends of the pressure spring being fixedly connected to the pressure block and the sliding tooth block respectively.

[0017] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This vertical milling and turning machining center, through the meshing transmission of single-sided gears, double-sided gears, and double-tooth plates, enables the sliding frame plate to alternately drive the milling cutter assembly and the drilling assembly to approach the workpiece in a single up-and-down movement. This allows for the switching between milling and drilling operations under the same power source. At the same time, the forward and reverse directions of the vertical cantilever lifting stroke correspond to different machining actions, improving the continuity of actions and machining efficiency, and ensuring the positional stability and synchronization accuracy of the milling cutter and drill bit as they approach the workpiece.

[0019] This vertical milling and turning machining center automatically compresses the reciprocating spring and generates friction by triggering the brake block through the contact between the lifting housing and the machining table surface. This achieves instant rotational locking of the brake pad and slide plate during the switching between milling and drilling operations, effectively preventing the workpiece on the triangular chuck from deflecting or shifting due to state switching, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the workpiece before drilling. At the same time, the short spring rod and reciprocating spring keep the brake block separated in a non-contact state, avoiding unnecessary friction and energy consumption. Furthermore, four long guide rods ensure the smoothness of the lifting housing movement and the reliability of the braking action, thus improving the overall workpiece stability and the accuracy of process connection during machining.

[0020] This vertical milling and turning machining center automatically drives the plug to switch the liquid path in the switching valve cylinder by changing the position of the lifting shell. This achieves automatic matching of the coolant spray path for milling and drilling, which are two different machining states. During milling, the spray plate washes away chips over a wide area, while during drilling, the nozzles concentrate the washing and cooling of the drill bit. This avoids chip accumulation that affects machining accuracy and prevents the drill bit from overheating. At the same time, no additional electronic valves or sensors are required. The switching is completed by mechanical linkage, which reduces manufacturing costs and control complexity, and improves the responsiveness and process adaptability of the cooling system.

[0021] This vertical milling and turning machining center adapts to the clamping requirements of cylindrical and large annular workpieces by adjusting the proximity and distance of the sliding gear blocks. It enables rapid clamping of workpieces of different shapes using the same chuck. Especially when machining large annular workpieces, the pressure block compresses the pressure spring, causing the wall-mounted hinge rod to deflect. This allows the pressure plate to automatically adhere to the inner wall of the workpiece, significantly increasing the contact points on the inner wall, dispersing the clamping force and avoiding localized stress concentration. At the same time, the rubber block provides cushioning and anti-slip properties, and the pressure block pushes the wall-mounted hinge rod in the opposite direction, ensuring the adaptability of the pressure plate's contact. Overall, this improves the stability, centering accuracy, and torsional resistance of the annular workpiece clamping, and reduces the risk of workpiece deformation or loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall frontal three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear-view three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the switching valve cylinder connection structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Machining table; 2. Support frame; 3. Vertical cantilever; 4. Composite machining mechanism; 401. Sliding frame plate; 402. Double toothed plate; 403. Double-sided gear; 404. Single-sided gear; 405. Drive block; 406. Single toothed plate; 407. Milling cutter assembly; 408. Hole-opening assembly; 409. Top frame; 410. Horizontal slide bar; 411. Lifting drill bit; 5. Switching mechanism; 501. Drive shaft seat; 502. Drive housing; 503. Turntable motor; 504. Long guide rod; 505. Lifting housing; 506. Short spring rod; 507. Brake block; 508. Turntable shaft; 509. Brake pad; 510. Triangular chuck; 511. Top block; 6. Spraying mechanism; 601. Nozzle; 602. Output pipe; 603. Switching valve cylinder; 604. Input pipe; 605. Spray plate; 606. Plug block; 607. Plug rod; 608. Slide bar plate; 7. Clamping mechanism; 701. Sliding tooth block; 702. Spring-loaded block; 703. Rubber block; 704. Wall-mounted hinge rod; 705. Contact block; 706. Spring-loaded pad; 8. Drive motor; 9. Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-10 An embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a vertical turning and milling composite machining center, including a machining table 1, a support frame 2, a vertical moving cantilever 3, a transmission motor 8, and a drive long shaft 9. A composite machining mechanism 4 for switching machining types is installed on the side of the vertical moving cantilever 3.

[0035] Below the composite machining mechanism 4 is a switching mechanism 5 that changes the workpiece motion state according to the type of machining;

[0036] The upper surface of the processing table 1 is equipped with a spraying mechanism 6 that changes the purpose of the coolant according to the type of processing;

[0037] The top of the switching mechanism 5 is provided with a clamping mechanism 7 adapted to fix the ring-shaped workpiece;

[0038] The composite machining mechanism 4 includes a sliding frame plate 401. Two double-toothed plates 402 are slidably connected inside the sliding frame plate 401. A double-sided gear 403 is meshed between the two double-toothed plates 402. A single-sided gear 404 is fixedly connected to the axis of the double-sided gear 403. A single-toothed plate 406 is meshed with the side of the double-sided gear 403. A horizontal slide rod 410 is slidably connected to the top of the single-toothed plate 406. A top frame 409 is fixedly connected to both ends of the horizontal slide rod 410. A drive block 405 is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame plate 401. A milling cutter assembly 407 and a hole-opening assembly 408 are fixedly connected to the sides of the two double-toothed plates 402, respectively. A lifting drill bit 411 is installed on the side of the hole-opening assembly 408.

[0039] The drive block 405 is driven by a motor via a threaded rod and slides with the vertical cantilever 3. The double-sided gear 403 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame plate 401, and the single-tooth plate 406 is slidably connected to the sliding frame plate 401. The top frame 409 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 2. When the drive motor 8 drives the drive shaft 9 to rotate, the rotation of the drive shaft 9 causes the vertical cantilever 3 and the drive shaft seat 501 to move closer or further apart synchronously. When the vertical cantilever 3 drives the sliding frame plate 401 to move downward, the single-tooth plate 406 connected to the sliding frame plate 401 is pulled by the horizontal slide rod 410. The displacement of the sliding frame plate 401 causes the connected single-sided gear 404 to mesh and move relative to the single-tooth plate 406. The single-sided gear 404 then drives the connected double-sided gear 403 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the double-sided gear 403 causes the meshing double-tooth plates 402 on both sides to move synchronously. The downward-moving right double-tooth plate 402 drives the connected milling cutter assembly 407. As the sliding frame plate 401 moves upward with the vertical cantilever 3 under the drive of the long drive shaft 9, the single-sided gear 404 drives the left double-tooth plate 402 downward through the double-sided gear 403 according to the above process. This causes the left double-tooth plate 402 to drive the hole-opening assembly 408, so that the lifting drill bit 411 installed on the hole-opening assembly 408 approaches the workpiece for processing. Through the meshing transmission of the single-sided gear 404, the double-sided gear 403 and the double-tooth plate 402, the sliding frame plate 401 can alternately drive the milling cutter assembly 407 and the hole-opening assembly 408 to approach the workpiece in a single up and down movement. Thus, the switching between milling and drilling processes can be completed under the same power source. At the same time, the positive and negative directions of the vertical cantilever 3's lifting stroke correspond to different processing actions, which improves the continuity of action and processing efficiency, and ensures the positional stability and synchronization accuracy of the milling cutter and drill bit approaching the workpiece.

[0040] The switching mechanism 5 includes a drive shaft seat 501. A drive housing 502 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft seat 501 away from the drive shaft 9. A turntable motor 503 is installed on the inner wall of the drive housing 502. A turntable shaft 508 is fixedly connected to the top of the output shaft of the turntable motor 503. A triangular chuck 510 is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable shaft 508. Four long guide rods 504 are fixedly connected to the top of the drive housing 502. A lifting housing 505 is fixedly connected to the top of the long guide rods 504. A short spring rod 506 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lifting housing 505. A brake block 507 is slidably connected to the outer side of the short spring rod 506. A brake pad 509 is provided on the inner side of the brake block 507.

[0041] The brake pad 509 is fixedly connected to the turntable shaft 508, the lifting housing 505 is rotatably connected to the turntable shaft 508, the drive housing 502 is slidably connected to the inside of the processing table 1, the drive shaft seat 501 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the drive long shaft 9, and a reciprocating spring is provided on the outside of the short spring rod 506, with both ends of the reciprocating spring fixedly connected to the lifting housing 505 and the brake block 507 respectively. When the vertical cantilever 3 and the drive shaft seat 501 move away from each other synchronously, the drive shaft seat 501 moves downward under the drive of the drive long shaft 9. The seat 501 drives the connected drive housing 502, causing the turntable motor 503 to drive the turntable shaft 508 downwards via the output shaft. Simultaneously, the drive housing 502 pulls the lifting housing 505 via four connected long guide rods 504. The bottom of the lifting housing 505 is connected to a brake block 507 via a short spring rod 506, and a reciprocating spring outside the short spring rod 506 keeps the brake block 507 from contacting the brake pad 509. When the lifting housing 505 moves to contact the surface of the processing table 1, the bottom of the brake block 507... The top block 511 of the part contacts the surface of the machining table 1. The brake block 507 compresses the reciprocating spring and restricts the rotation of the brake pad 509 and the connected slide plate 608 through friction. After the triangular chuck 510 contacts the milling operation, it switches to the drilling state to prevent the workpiece on the triangular chuck 510 from deflecting. The contact between the lifting shell 505 and the surface of the machining table 1 triggers the brake block 507 to automatically compress the reciprocating spring and generate friction. This realizes the instantaneous rotation locking of the brake pad 509 and the slide plate 608 during the switching between milling and drilling operations. This effectively prevents the workpiece on the triangular chuck 510 from deflecting or shifting due to the state switch, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the workpiece before drilling. At the same time, the short spring rod 506 and the reciprocating spring keep the brake block 507 separated in a non-contact state, avoiding unnecessary friction and energy consumption. The four long guide rods 504 ensure the smoothness of the movement of the lifting shell 505 and the reliability of the braking action, thus improving the stability of the workpiece and the accuracy of the process connection during the overall machining process.

[0042] The spraying mechanism 6 includes a nozzle 601, an output pipe 602 fixedly connected to the end of the nozzle 601, a switching valve cylinder 603 fixedly connected to the end of the output pipe 602 away from the nozzle 601, a stopper 606 slidably connected to the inner wall of the switching valve cylinder 603, a stopper rod 607 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the stopper block 606, a slide plate 608 slidably connected to the bottom end of the stopper rod 607, an input end pipe 604 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle part of the switching valve cylinder 603, and a spray plate 605 fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the switching valve cylinder 603.

[0043] The switching valve cylinder 603 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machining table 1, and the slide plate 608 is slidably connected to the drive housing 502. A spring spring is provided on the outer side of the stopper rod 607, and the two ends of the spring spring are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stopper rod 607 and the slide plate 608, respectively. A collection tank is provided on the table surface of the machining table 1. Cooling liquid is transported to the switching valve cylinder 603 through the input pipe 604. When the lifting housing 505 is in the rising state, the whole is in the milling state. At this time, the drive housing 502 pushes the stopper block 606 through the stopper rod 607 connected to the spring spring, so that the stopper block 606 blocks the connection between the output pipe 602 and the switching valve cylinder 603. The liquid in the switching valve cylinder 603 is sprayed out through the connected spray plate 605 to flush the metal chips generated by cutting into the collection tank of the machining table 1. When the lifting housing 505 is in contact with the table surface of the machining table 1, the lifting drill bit 411 is in the working state. At this time, the slide plate 608 pulls the stopper rod 607 through the elastic spring, causing the stopper block 606 to slide against the switching valve cylinder 603, blocking the connection between the spray plate 605 and the switching valve cylinder 603. At this time, the liquid in the switching valve cylinder 603 is transported to the nozzle 601 through the drive housing 502 and sprayed out to flush and cool the drill bit. The position change of the lifting housing 505 automatically drives the stopper block 606 to switch the liquid path in the switching valve cylinder 603, realizing the automatic matching of the coolant spray path under the two different processing states of milling and drilling. Thus, during milling, the spray plate 605 flushes and removes chips over a wide area, while during drilling, the nozzle 601 concentrates on flushing and cooling the drill bit. This avoids chip accumulation affecting processing accuracy and prevents the drill bit from overheating. At the same time, no additional electronic control valve or sensor is required. The switching is completed by mechanical linkage, which reduces manufacturing costs and control complexity, and improves the response reliability and process adaptability of the cooling system.

[0044] The clamping mechanism 7 includes three sliding teeth blocks 701. Each sliding tooth block 701 has a spring-loaded block 702 slidably connected to its top. A rubber block 703 is fixedly connected to the side of the spring-loaded block 702. Two wall-adhering hinge rods 704 are hinged to the upper surface of the spring-loaded block 702. Two contact blocks 705 are fixedly connected to the top of the sliding tooth block 701. A spring-loaded sheet 706 is hinged to the end of each wall-adhering hinge rod 704.

[0045] The triangular chuck 510 is slidably connected to the sliding tooth block 701. A pressure spring is provided on the side of the spring-loaded block 702, and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the spring-loaded block 702 and the sliding tooth block 701, respectively. When machining cylindrical workpieces, the workpiece is placed directly in the center of the triangular chuck 510, so that the three sliding tooth blocks 701 are close together to clamp the workpiece. When machining large annular workpieces, the workpiece is placed on the top surface of the three sliding tooth blocks 701, so that the three sliding tooth blocks 701 are far apart. At this time, the spring-loaded block 702 connected to the sliding tooth block 701 contacts the inner wall of the annular workpiece through the rubber block 703. Subsequently, the spring-loaded block 702 squeezes the pressure spring and drives the wall-adhering hinge rod 704 to approach the contact block 705. The contact block 705 pushes back the wall-adhering hinge rod 704, causing the wall-adhering hinge rod 704 to deflect and drive the spring-loaded plate 706 to adhere to the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby increasing... The contact points on the inner wall of the workpiece and the drive structure of the sliding block 701 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail. By moving the sliding block 701 closer to and further away from the workpiece, the clamping requirements of cylindrical workpieces and large annular workpieces are adapted respectively, realizing the rapid clamping of workpieces of different shapes with the same chuck. Especially when processing large annular workpieces, the pressure block 702 squeezes the pressure spring to drive the wall-mounted hinge rod 704 to deflect, so that the pressure plate 706 automatically fits against the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby significantly increasing the contact points on the inner wall of the workpiece, dispersing the clamping force and avoiding local stress concentration. At the same time, the rubber block 703 provides a buffer and anti-slip function, and the pressure block 705 pushes the wall-mounted hinge rod 704 to ensure the adaptability of the pressure plate 706's fit. Overall, it improves the stability, centering accuracy and anti-torsion ability of the annular workpiece clamping, and reduces the risk of workpiece deformation or loosening.

[0046] Working principle: When the drive motor 8 drives the drive shaft 9 to rotate, the rotation of the drive shaft 9 causes the vertical cantilever 3 and the drive shaft seat 501 to move closer or further apart synchronously. When the vertical cantilever 3 drives the sliding frame plate 401 to move downward, the single toothed plate 406 connected to the sliding frame plate 401 is pulled by the horizontal slide rod 410. The displacement of the sliding frame plate 401 causes the connected single-sided gear 404 to mesh with the single toothed plate 406 and move relative to it. The single-sided gear 404 then drives the connected double-sided gear 403 to rotate synchronously. 3. Rotation causes the meshing double toothed plates 402 on both sides to move synchronously. The downward-moving right double toothed plate 402 drives the connected milling cutter assembly 407 to move downward. When the sliding frame plate 401 moves upward with the vertical cantilever 3 under the drive of the drive shaft 9, the single-sided gear 404 drives the left double toothed plate 402 to move downward through the double-sided gear 403 according to the above process, so that the left double toothed plate 402 drives the hole-opening assembly 408, so that the lifting drill bit 411 installed on the hole-opening assembly 408 approaches the workpiece for processing.

[0047] When the vertical cantilever 3 and the drive shaft seat 501 move away from each other synchronously, the drive shaft seat 501 moves downward under the drive of the drive shaft 9. The drive shaft seat 501 drives the connected drive housing 502, which causes the turntable motor 503 to drive the turntable shaft 508 to move downward through the output shaft. At the same time, the drive housing 502 pulls the lifting housing 505 through four connected long guide rods 504. The bottom of the lifting housing 505 is connected to the brake block 507 through the connected short spring rod 506. The reciprocating spring set outside the short spring rod 506 keeps the brake block 507 from contacting the brake pad 509. When the lifting housing 505 moves to contact the table surface of the processing table 1, the top block 511 at the bottom of the brake block 507 contacts the table surface of the processing table 1. The brake block 507 squeezes the reciprocating spring and restricts the rotation of the brake pad 509 and the connected slide plate 608 through friction. After the triangular chuck 510 contacts the milling operation, it switches to the drilling state to prevent the workpiece on the triangular chuck 510 from deflecting.

[0048] Cooling liquid is delivered to the switching valve cylinder 603 through the input pipe 604. When the lifting shell 505 is in the rising state, the whole is in the milling state. At this time, the drive shell 502 pushes the plug block 606 through the plug rod 607 connected by the spring spring, so that the plug block 606 blocks the connection between the output pipe 602 and the switching valve cylinder 603. The liquid in the switching valve cylinder 603 is sprayed out through the connected spray plate 605 to flush the metal chips generated by cutting into the collection tank of the processing table 1. When the lifting shell 505 is in contact with the table surface of the processing table 1, the lifting drill bit 411 is in the working state. At this time, the slide plate 608 pulls the plug rod 607 through the spring spring, so that the plug block 606 slides with the switching valve cylinder 603 and blocks the connection between the spray plate 605 and the switching valve cylinder 603. At this time, the liquid in the switching valve cylinder 603 is delivered to the nozzle 601 through the drive shell 502 to spray out, flushing and cooling the drill bit.

[0049] When machining cylindrical workpieces, the workpiece is placed directly in the center of the triangular chuck 510, and the three sliding teeth 701 are brought close together to clamp the workpiece. When machining large annular workpieces, the workpiece is placed on the top surface of the three sliding teeth 701, and the three sliding teeth 701 are moved away from each other. At this time, the spring pressure block 702 connected to the sliding teeth 701 contacts the inner wall of the annular workpiece through the rubber block 703. Then, the spring pressure block 702 squeezes the pressure spring and drives the wall-adhering hinge rod 704 to approach the contact block 705. The contact block 705 pushes the wall-adhering hinge rod 704 back, causing the wall-adhering hinge rod 704 to deflect and drive the spring pressure plate 706 to adhere to the inner wall of the workpiece, thereby increasing the number of contact points on the inner wall of the workpiece. The driving structure of the sliding teeth 701 is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0050] This invention provides a vertical turning and milling machining center. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A vertical turning-milling combined machining center, comprising a machining table (1), a support frame (2), a vertically moving cantilever (3), a transmission motor (8), and a driving long shaft (9), characterized in that: The side of the vertical cantilever (3) is equipped with a composite processing mechanism (4) for switching processing types. The composite processing mechanism (4) is provided with a switching mechanism (5) below which changes the motion state of the workpiece according to the type of processing. The upper surface of the processing table (1) is provided with a spraying mechanism (6) that changes the use of coolant according to the type of processing. The top of the switching mechanism (5) is provided with a clamping mechanism (7) adapted to fix the ring-shaped workpiece. The composite processing mechanism (4) includes a sliding frame plate (401), with two double-tooth plates (402) slidably connected inside the sliding frame plate (401). A double-sided gear (403) meshes between the two double-tooth plates (402). A single-sided gear (404) is fixedly connected at the axis of the double-sided gear (403). A single-tooth plate (406) meshes with the side of the double-sided gear (403). A horizontal slide rod (410) is slidably connected to the top of the single-tooth plate (406). A top frame (409) is fixedly connected to both ends of the horizontal slide rod (410). A drive block (405) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame plate (401). A milling cutter assembly (407) and a hole-opening assembly (408) are fixedly connected to the sides of the two double-tooth plates (402), respectively. A lifting drill bit (411) is installed on the side of the hole-opening assembly (408).

2. The vertical turning-milling combined machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive block (405) is driven by the motor through the threaded rod and slides with the vertical cantilever (3). The double-sided gear (403) is rotatably connected to the sliding frame plate (401). The single tooth plate (406) is slidably connected to the sliding frame plate (401). The top frame (409) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (2).

3. The vertical turning-milling combined machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (5) includes a drive shaft seat (501), and a drive housing (502) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft seat (501) away from the drive shaft (9). A turntable motor (503) is installed on the inner wall of the drive housing (502). A turntable shaft (508) is fixedly connected to the top of the output shaft of the turntable motor (503). A triangular chuck (510) is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable shaft (508). Four long guide rods (504) are fixedly connected to the top of the drive housing (502). A lifting housing (505) is fixedly connected to the top of the long guide rods (504). A short spring rod (506) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the lifting housing (505). A brake block (507) is slidably connected to the outer side of the short spring rod (506). A brake pad (509) is provided on the inner side of the brake block (507).

4. The vertical turning and milling machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brake pad (509) is fixedly connected to the turntable shaft (508), the lifting housing (505) is rotatably connected to the turntable shaft (508), the drive housing (502) is slidably connected to the inside of the processing table (1), the drive shaft seat (501) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the drive long shaft (9), and a reciprocating spring is provided on the outside of the short spring rod (506), and the two ends of the reciprocating spring are fixedly connected to the lifting housing (505) and the brake block (507) respectively.

5. The vertical turning and milling center of claim 4, wherein: The spraying mechanism (6) includes a nozzle (601), an output pipe (602) is fixedly connected to the end of the nozzle (601), a switching valve cylinder (603) is fixedly connected to the end of the output pipe (602) away from the nozzle (601), a plug (606) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the switching valve cylinder (603), a plug rod (607) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the plug (606), a slide plate (608) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the plug rod (607), an input end pipe (604) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle part of the switching valve cylinder (603), and a spray plate (605) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the switching valve cylinder (603).

6. The vertical turning and milling center of claim 5, wherein: The switching valve cylinder (603) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing table (1), the slide plate (608) is slidably connected to the drive housing (502), the outer side of the plug rod (607) is provided with a spring spring, and the two ends of the spring spring are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the plug rod (607) and the slide plate (608) respectively. A collection groove is provided on the table surface of the processing table (1).

7. The vertical turning and milling center of claim 6, wherein: The clamping mechanism (7) includes three sliding teeth blocks (701), each of which has a spring-loaded block (702) slidably connected to its top, a rubber block (703) fixedly connected to the side of the spring-loaded block (702), two wall-mounted hinge rods (704) hinged to the upper surface of the spring-loaded block (702), two contact blocks (705) fixedly connected to the top of the sliding teeth block (701), and a spring-loaded sheet (706) hinged to the end of each wall-mounted hinge rod (704).

8. The vertical turning and milling center of claim 7, wherein: The triangular chuck (510) is slidably connected to the sliding tooth block (701), and the side of the spring block (702) is provided with a pressure spring, and the two ends of the pressure spring are fixedly connected to the spring block (702) and the sliding tooth block (701) respectively.

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