A mobile small numerical control drilling and milling machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machining equipment technology and discloses a mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool, including a first support plate, a movable support assembly disposed at the lower end of the first support plate, a workpiece positioning assembly disposed at the upper end of the first support plate, an auxiliary function assembly disposed on one side of the upper end of the first support plate, and a multi-axis drilling system disposed above the workpiece positioning assembly. A servo moving assembly is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support plate. A second fixed plate, a support plate, and a rotating ring are sequentially fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving end of the servo moving assembly. The upper end of the support plate is provided with a rotation mechanism that drives and locks the rotating ring. The multi-axis drilling system includes two second supports fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating ring. A three-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper end of the two second supports. A drilling unit is fixedly connected to the output end of the three-axis moving mechanism. This invention has the advantages of flexible movement, precise positioning, stable clamping, clear drilling guidance, and chip collection function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining equipment technology, specifically a mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, mold repair, sample production, and on-site installation, it is often necessary to drill or mill small workpieces, especially irregularly shaped workpieces (such as L-shaped plates and angle steel parts). Traditionally, the workpiece is transported to a large bench drill press or CNC machining center for processing. However, for larger or moderately heavy L-shaped workpieces, this is inconvenient, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Therefore, small, portable drilling and milling equipment is gradually gaining popularity in the market.

[0003] Currently, there are some small bench drill presses or electric drill auxiliary supports available on the market. However, existing technologies still have the following shortcomings in practical applications: First, the mobility is poor. Most small drilling and milling equipment still use fixed bases. Although they are relatively compact, they lack effective moving and positioning support structures. When moving between different workstations in the workshop, multiple people are needed to lift them or use forklifts. It is impossible to move them quickly by a single person. Although some equipment is equipped with casters, it lacks a reliable lifting support mechanism during processing. The swaying of the wheels seriously affects the drilling accuracy. Secondly, workpiece clamping is inconvenient, especially for irregularly shaped workpieces such as L-shaped ones, which lack dedicated positioning structures. Existing small drilling machines are usually only equipped with simple flat-jaw vises or clamping plates. For L-shaped workpieces, the clamping direction and position need to be adjusted multiple times, making it difficult to guarantee the positional accuracy of the hole system on the two vertical planes. Moreover, the clamping process is cumbersome and time-consuming, making it impossible to achieve rapid positioning and reliable clamping. During the machining process, the workpiece is prone to displacement or upward deformation, resulting in skewed drilling. Third, the machining freedom is insufficient, and multi-face machining requires repeated clamping. For machining tasks that require drilling holes on two vertical surfaces of an L-shaped workpiece, existing equipment often requires disassembling the workpiece and re-clamping it. This double clamping not only reduces machining efficiency but also makes it difficult to ensure the positional correspondence of the holes on the two surfaces, affecting the final assembly accuracy. Fourth, dust pollution is serious. Drilling processes generate a large amount of metal shavings and dust, especially in on-site operations or enclosed workshops where there is a lack of effective dust collection devices. The shavings fly everywhere, polluting the working environment and potentially being inhaled by operators, which can affect their health. It also increases the difficulty of cleaning.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a small CNC drilling and milling machine tool that is flexible in movement, fast and reliable in workpiece positioning, capable of multi-degree-of-freedom machining, and has good dust collection function has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool, which has the advantages of flexible movement, accurate positioning, multi-axis linkage machining, high degree of automation and dust collection function, and solves the problems of existing small drilling and milling equipment being difficult to move, inconvenient workpiece clamping, low machining accuracy and serious dust pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool includes a first support plate, a movable support assembly disposed at the lower end of the first support plate, a workpiece positioning assembly disposed at the upper end of the first support plate, an auxiliary function assembly disposed on one side of the upper end of the first support plate, and a multi-axis drilling system disposed above the workpiece positioning assembly. A servo moving component is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bearing plate, and a second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving end of the servo moving component. A bearing plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second fixed plate, and a rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bearing plate. A rotating mechanism for driving and locking the rotation angle of the rotating ring is also provided on the upper end of the bearing plate. The multi-axis drilling system includes two second supports fixed to the upper end of the rotating ring, and a three-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper end of the two second supports. A drilling unit is fixedly connected to the output end of the three-axis moving mechanism. The workpiece positioning assembly includes a U-shaped limiting plate fixed to the upper end of the first bearing plate. The bottom inner wall and one side inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate are used to place and position the L-shaped workpiece. The side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate is fixed with an extrusion unit for clamping and fixing the L-shaped workpiece. The auxiliary functional components include a second vertical block fixed to one side edge of the upper end of the first support plate, a controller fixed to the side wall of the second vertical block, a first vertical block fixed to the other side edge of the upper end of the first support plate, and a dust collection unit disposed on the side wall of the first vertical block. The dust collection unit is located below the drilling unit and is used to collect dust generated during drilling.

[0007] Through the above technical solutions, the mobile support component enables the machine tool to be flexibly transferred to different work sites, the workpiece positioning component can quickly clamp L-shaped workpieces, the multi-axis drilling system, together with the servo moving component and the rotating mechanism, realizes multi-degree-of-freedom relative motion between the workpiece and the drill bit, and the dust collection unit effectively reduces dust pollution at the processing site.

[0008] Preferably, the movable support assembly includes two lifting mechanisms symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the first support plate, and four casters respectively fixed to the four corner edges of the lower end of the first support plate; each lifting mechanism includes a first fixed plate fixed to the lower end of the first support plate, a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper end of the first fixed plate, and a base block fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] The casters facilitate short-distance movement of the machine tool within the workshop. The lifting mechanism can extend its bottom block downwards to lift the entire machine after it reaches the predetermined work position, allowing the casters to lift off the ground and providing stable support during the processing, thus preventing the drilling accuracy from being affected by wheel sway.

[0010] Preferably, the servo motion assembly includes two bearing seats and a fixed seat fixed to the upper end of the first bearing plate, a second motor fixed to the side wall of the fixed seat, a lead screw rotatably mounted on the two bearing seats and the fixed seat, and a threaded sleeve block threaded to the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, and the upper end of the threaded sleeve block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second fixed plate.

[0011] The rotating mechanism includes a second fixed block fixed to the upper end of the bearing plate, a third motor fixed to the side wall of the second fixed block, a gear fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third motor, and an internal gear ring fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring; the gear and the internal gear ring mesh with each other.

[0012] The servo moving component achieves precise horizontal feeding of the workpiece through lead screw transmission. The rotating mechanism drives the rotating ring to rotate through the meshing of gears and internal gear rings, thereby driving the entire multi-axis drilling system to swing around the center of the workpiece. This facilitates continuous drilling of the two vertical surfaces of the L-shaped workpiece without the need to re-clamp the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the three-axis moving mechanism includes a second bearing plate fixed to the upper end of the two second supports, an X-axis feed slide fixed to the upper end of the second bearing plate, a Y-axis radial adjustment slide fixed to the moving end of the X-axis feed slide, and a Z-axis spindle feed slide fixed to the moving end of the Y-axis radial adjustment slide.

[0014] The drilling unit includes a third fixed block fixed to the moving end of the Z-axis spindle feed slide, a fourth motor fixed to the upper end of the third fixed block, a fourth fixed block fixed to the side wall of the third fixed block, and a second camera fixed to the lower end of the fourth fixed block; a twist drill is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the fourth motor through a coupling, and a bearing is provided in the fourth fixed block, and the twist drill is rotatably disposed in the bearing.

[0015] The X, Y, and Z axis feed slides form a standard three-dimensional motion system, enabling the twist drill to accurately reach any preset drilling position on the workpiece. The second camera can collect images of the relative position of the drill tip and the workpiece in real time, assisting operators or vision systems in tool setting and machining monitoring.

[0016] Preferably, the extrusion unit includes a U-shaped block fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate, and a first extrusion member and a second extrusion member symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped block; the first extrusion member includes a first electric cylinder fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block, and a first extrusion block fixed to the output shaft of the first electric cylinder; the second extrusion member includes a second electric cylinder fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block, and a second extrusion block fixed to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder; the first extrusion block and the second extrusion block are used to clamp the L-shaped workpiece from both sides.

[0017] After the L-shaped workpiece is placed inside the U-shaped limiting plate, the two electric cylinders drive the first and second extrusion blocks to move towards the middle from both sides simultaneously, pressing the two side walls of the L-shaped workpiece tightly against the inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate. This achieves fast and stable self-centering clamping, preventing the workpiece from moving during processing.

[0018] Preferably, the workpiece positioning assembly further includes an auxiliary positioning unit, which includes a support column fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped limiting plate, a third fixing plate fixed to the upper end of the support column, a U-shaped seat fixed to the upper end of the third fixing plate, a cover plate rotatably mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped seat, and pads fixed to the upper ends of the two ends of the U-shaped limiting plate respectively; the upper end of the pad is in contact with the lower end of the cover plate.

[0019] The cover plate can be flipped downwards around the U-shaped seat to cover the upper surface of the L-shaped workpiece. The pad provides horizontal support for the cover plate, preventing excessive pressure from the cover plate and damage to the workpiece surface. The cover plate can effectively suppress the upward deformation of the workpiece during drilling, improving the verticality and positional accuracy of the drilling.

[0020] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided through one side of the cover plate, and an observation groove is provided through the upper end of the cover plate. The observation groove communicates with the sliding groove and extends to the lower end of the cover plate. Multiple scale grooves for reading are provided at equal intervals along the length of the observation groove on the upper end of the cover plate. A sixth fixing block is fixed to both sides of the cover plate.

[0021] The observation slot allows operators to visually inspect the drilling position and chip removal, while the scale slot can be used to quickly measure hole spacing or positioning dimensions without additional tools. The sixth fixing block provides the installation base for the subsequent quick-lift assembly.

[0022] Preferably, the auxiliary positioning unit further includes a quick-lifting assembly, which includes a sliding column slidably disposed on the inner wall of the slide groove, second fixing rings fixed to the outer walls of both ends of the sliding column, two L-shaped blocks fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding column, and a fixing column fixed to the inner wall of the slide groove near one end of the U-shaped seat; the ends of the two L-shaped blocks that are close to each other are respectively attached to the two sides of the cover plate, and the ends of the two second fixing rings that are close to each other are respectively attached to the ends of the two L-shaped blocks that are far apart from each other; a groove is formed on the inner side of the right angle side of the L-shaped block; a plurality of limiting rings are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the fixing column, and an elastic frame band is sleeved between two adjacent limiting rings; the elastic frame band is used to fit within the groove of the outer periphery of the fixing column and the L-shaped block to keep the L-shaped block stationary.

[0023] When it is necessary to open the cover to change the workpiece, the operator can pull the sliding column to move the L-shaped block along the slide groove to the vicinity of the fixed column, and then pull the elastic frame from the fixed column and fit it into the groove of the L-shaped block to lock the cover in the open state, which facilitates quick loading and unloading of workpieces; conversely, after releasing the elastic frame, the cover can automatically fall back, realizing the quick switching of the auxiliary positioning unit.

[0024] Preferably, the dust collection unit includes a first fixing block fixed to the side wall of the first vertical block, a first motor fixed to the upper end of the first fixing block, a rotating arm fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first motor, a dust collection box fixed to the upper end of the rotating arm, and a first bracket fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box; the first bracket is provided with at least one first camera, and the dust collection box is located below the drilling unit.

[0025] Driven by the first motor, the dust collection box can swing to directly below the drilling unit along with the rotating arm, effectively catching the debris and dust falling from the drilling hole. The first camera can monitor the dust accumulation in the dust collection box in real time, and remind the operator to clean it when the dust reaches a certain amount, thus preventing dust from flying everywhere and polluting the working environment.

[0026] Preferably, a third electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper ends of both ends of the U-shaped limiting plate. A moving block is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third electric cylinder. A first fixing ring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving block. A fifth fixing block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixing ring. A guide cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the fifth fixing block. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped seat. The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod fits against the inner wall of the guide cylinder. The inner hole of the first fixing ring is coaxially arranged with the twist drill of the drilling unit to reduce the shedding of waste chips during drilling.

[0027] The third electric cylinder can drive the first fixed ring to move downward, so that its inner hole fits around the outer circumference of the twist drill and is close to the workpiece surface. During the drilling process, a local closed area is formed, which effectively constrains the direction of the drill chips and guides the chips to fall into the dust collection box, further improving the dust collection effect. At the same time, the cooperation between the guide cylinder and the guide rod ensures the straightness and repeatability of the lifting and lowering movement of the first fixed ring.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By setting universal wheels and a lifting mechanism at the lower end of the first bearing plate, the present invention realizes the flexible movement of the machine tool and the stable support during operation, which solves the problems of inconvenient movement and poor ground adaptability of existing small machine tools. The hydraulic cylinder drives the bottom block to support the machine, which can make the whole machine detach from the universal wheels, ensuring that the machine body is stable and does not shake during the processing. 2. This invention uses a U-shaped limiting plate in conjunction with a first extrusion block and a second extrusion block to clamp and fix the L-shaped workpiece from both sides. At the same time, a cover plate is set to provide auxiliary limiting for the workpiece from above, which realizes the rapid positioning and reliable clamping of the L-shaped workpiece, effectively prevents the workpiece from shifting during processing, and improves processing accuracy and operating efficiency. 3. By opening observation grooves and scale grooves on the cover plate, the operator can directly determine the drilling position by reading the scale through a camera. Combined with the coaxial guiding structure of the first fixing ring and the twist drill, the invention achieves accurate indication of the drilling position and guidance of the drill bit feed, which significantly improves positioning efficiency and drilling quality. 4. By setting up a dust collection box and a rotatable dust collection box bracket, the present invention ensures that the dust collection box is always located below the drilling unit, which can collect the waste chips and dust generated during drilling in real time. At the same time, the second camera can monitor the processing process, which solves the problems of waste chip pollution and safety hazards, and improves the working environment. 5. This invention achieves precise horizontal feeding of the workpiece by setting a servo moving component, and realizes circumferential angle adjustment of the multi-axis drilling system by a rotating mechanism. Combined with a three-axis moving mechanism, it realizes multi-angle, multi-station composite drilling and milling, which greatly improves the processing flexibility of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the movable support component and auxiliary functional component of the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the multi-axis drilling system of the present invention. Figure 5The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the workpiece positioning component of the present invention. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the first fixing ring of the present invention; Figure 7 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the cover plate of the auxiliary positioning unit of the present invention. Figure 8 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional disassembled structural schematic of the quick-lifting component of the present invention; Figure 9 The diagram shown is a top view of the carrier plate of the present invention; Figure 10 The present invention is shown Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the servo motion component in the diagram.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. First support plate; 101. First vertical block; 102. Second vertical block; 103. First fixed block; 104. Controller; 105. First motor; 106. Rotating arm; 107. Dust collection box; 108. First bracket; 109. First camera; 2. Lifting mechanism; 201. First fixed plate; 202. Hydraulic cylinder; 203. Base block; 3. Caster wheel; 4. Servo moving assembly; 401. Bearing seat; 402. Fixed seat; 403. Second motor; 404. Lead screw; 405. Threaded sleeve block; 5. Second fixed plate; 6. Support plate; 7. Rotating ring; 8. Rotating mechanism; 801. Internal gear ring; 802. Second fixed block; 803. Third motor; 804. Gear; 9. Second bracket; 10. Second support plate; 11. X-axis feed slide; 12. Y-axis radial adjustment slide ; 13. Z-axis spindle feed slide; 14. Third fixed block; 15. Fourth motor; 16. Fourth fixed block; 17. Second camera; 18. Twist drill; 19. Bearing column; 20. Third fixed plate; 21. U-shaped limiting plate; 22. U-shaped seat; 23. Cover plate; 24. U-shaped block; 25. First electric cylinder; 26. First extrusion block; 27. Second electric cylinder; 28. Second extrusion block; 29. ​​L-shaped workpiece; 30. Pad block; 31. Third electric cylinder; 32. Moving block; 33. First fixed ring; 34. Fifth fixed block; 35. Guide cylinder; 36. Guide rod; 37. Slide groove; 38. Observation groove; 39. Scale groove; 40. Sixth fixed block; 41. Sliding column; 42. Second fixed ring; 43. L-shaped block; 44. Groove; 45. Fixed column; 46. Limiting ring; 47. Elastic frame band. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] To address the problems of poor mobility of existing small drilling and milling equipment, inconvenience in clamping L-shaped workpieces, the need for repeated clamping for multi-faceted machining, severe dust pollution, and difficulty in quickly removing the workpiece from the positioning cavity after machining, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 10 ; A mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool includes a first support plate 1, a movable support assembly disposed at the lower end of the first support plate 1, a workpiece positioning assembly disposed at the upper end of the first support plate 1, an auxiliary function assembly disposed on one side of the upper end of the first support plate 1, and a multi-axis drilling system disposed above the workpiece positioning assembly.

[0033] In this embodiment, specifically, the movable support assembly includes two lifting mechanisms 2 symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the first support plate 1, and four casters 3 respectively fixed to the four corner edges of the lower end of the first support plate 1. Each lifting mechanism 2 includes a first fixed plate 201 fixed to the lower end of the first support plate 1, a hydraulic cylinder 202 fixed to the upper end of the first fixed plate 201, and a base block 203 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 202. The four casters 3 facilitate the operator to easily move the machine tool to any workstation in the workshop, enabling rapid single-person transfer. When the machine tool reaches the predetermined processing position, the two hydraulic cylinders 202 extend downwards simultaneously, pushing the base block 203 to contact the ground and lifting the first support plate 1 upwards, causing the four casters 3 to detach from the ground. At this time, the machine tool is rigidly supported by the base block 203, effectively avoiding accuracy errors caused by wheel swaying or elastic deformation during processing.

[0034] In this embodiment, specifically, a servo moving assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bearing plate 1; the servo moving assembly 4 includes two bearing seats 401 and a fixed seat 402 fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bearing plate 1, a second motor 403 fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed seat 402, a lead screw 404 rotatably mounted on the two bearing seats 401 and the fixed seat 402, and a threaded sleeve 405 threadedly mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw 404; the output shaft of the second motor 403 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 404, and the upper end of the threaded sleeve 405 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second fixed plate 5. A bearing plate 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second fixed plate 5. A rotating ring 7 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bearing plate 6. A rotating mechanism 8 for driving and locking the rotation angle of the rotating ring 7 is also provided on the upper end of the bearing plate 6. The rotating mechanism 8 includes a second fixed block 802 fixed to the upper end of the bearing plate 6, a third motor 803 fixed to the side wall of the second fixed block 802, a gear 804 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third motor 803, and an internal gear ring 801 fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring 7. The gear 804 and the internal gear ring 801 mesh with each other. The servo moving component 4 drives the workpiece to feed precisely in the horizontal direction through the lead screw 404. The rotating mechanism 8 drives the rotating ring 7 to rotate through the meshing of the gear 804 and the internal gear ring 801, thereby driving the entire multi-axis drilling system to swing around the vertical axis, so that the twist drill 18 can be aligned with the horizontal and vertical surfaces of the L-shaped workpiece 29 for drilling without re-clamping the workpiece.

[0035] In this embodiment, specifically, the multi-axis drilling system includes two second supports 9 fixed to the upper end of the rotating ring 7, and a three-axis moving mechanism is fixed to the upper end of the two second supports 9. The three-axis moving mechanism includes a second bearing plate 10 fixed to the upper end of the two second supports 9, an X-axis feed slide 11 fixed to the upper end of the second bearing plate 10, a Y-axis radial adjustment slide 12 fixed to the moving end of the X-axis feed slide 11, and a Z-axis spindle feed slide 13 fixed to the moving end of the Y-axis radial adjustment slide 12. The drilling unit includes a third fixing block 14 fixed to the moving end of the Z-axis spindle feed slide 13, a fourth motor 15 fixed to the upper end of the third fixing block 14, a fourth fixing block 16 fixed to the side wall of the third fixing block 14, and a second camera 17 fixed to the lower end of the fourth fixing block 16. A twist drill 18 is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the fourth motor 15 through a coupling. A bearing is provided inside the fourth fixing block 16, and the twist drill 18 is rotatably disposed in the bearing. The X-axis feed slide 11, the Y-axis radial adjustment slide 12, and the Z-axis spindle feed slide 13 constitute a standard three-axis CNC system, which can realize the precise positioning of the twist drill 18 in three-dimensional space; the second camera 17 is used to collect images of the relative position of the drill tip and the workpiece in real time to assist in tool setting and monitoring of the machining process.

[0036] In this embodiment, specifically, the workpiece positioning assembly includes a U-shaped limiting plate 21 fixed to the upper end of the first bearing plate 1. The bottom inner wall and the inner walls on both sides of the U-shaped limiting plate 21 are used to place the L-shaped workpiece 29. The side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate 21 is fixed with an extrusion unit for clamping and fixing the L-shaped workpiece 29. The extrusion unit includes a U-shaped block 24 fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate 21, and a first extrusion member and a second extrusion member symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped block 24. The first extrusion member includes a first electric cylinder 25 fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block 24, and a first extrusion block 26 fixed to the output shaft of the first electric cylinder 25. The second extrusion member includes a second electric cylinder 27 fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block 24, and a second extrusion block 28 fixed to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder 27. The first extrusion block 26 and the second extrusion block 28 are used to clamp the L-shaped workpiece 29 from both sides. The contoured inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate 21 provides a preliminary positioning reference for the L-shaped workpiece 29. The first electric cylinder 25 and the second electric cylinder 27 synchronously drive the first extrusion block 26 and the second extrusion block 28 to move from both sides toward the middle, so that the two vertical walls of the L-shaped workpiece 29 are simultaneously pressed against the inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate 21, realizing self-centering rapid clamping.

[0037] In this embodiment, specifically, the workpiece positioning assembly further includes an auxiliary positioning unit; the auxiliary positioning unit includes a bearing column 19 fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped limiting plate 21, a third fixing plate 20 fixed to the upper end of the bearing column 19, a U-shaped seat 22 fixed to the upper end of the third fixing plate 20, a cover plate 23 rotatably mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped seat 22, and pads 30 respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two ends of the U-shaped limiting plate 21; the upper end of the pad 30 is in contact with the lower end of the cover plate 23. A sliding groove 37 is provided through one side of the cover plate 23, and an observation groove 38 is provided through the upper end of the cover plate 23. The observation groove 38 communicates with the sliding groove 37 and extends to the lower end of the cover plate 23; a plurality of scale grooves 39 for reading are provided at equal intervals along the length direction of the observation groove 38 on the upper end of the cover plate 23; a sixth fixing block 40 is fixed to both sides of the cover plate 23. The upper ends of the two ends of the U-shaped limiting plate 21 are also fixedly connected to a third electric cylinder 31. The output shaft of the third electric cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to a moving block 32. The side wall of the moving block 32 is fixedly connected to a first fixing ring 33. The side wall of the first fixing ring 33 is fixedly connected to a fifth fixing block 34. One end of the fifth fixing block 34 is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder 35 through it. The side wall of the U-shaped seat 22 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 36. The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod 36 is in contact with the inner wall of the guide cylinder 35. The inner hole of the first fixing ring 33 is coaxially set with the twist drill 18 of the drilling unit to reduce the shedding of waste chips during drilling. After the cover plate 23 flips down and presses onto the pad block 30, it can effectively suppress the upward deformation of the upper surface of the workpiece during drilling. The observation groove 38 allows the operator to visually check the position of the drill tip and the chip removal. The second camera 17 illuminates the scale groove 39 to accurately read and confirm the drilling position. Then, the twist drill 18 passes through the inner hole of the first fixing ring 33 to drill the L-shaped workpiece 29. The first fixing ring 33 plays a role in restraining the splashing of drill chips.

[0038] In this embodiment, specifically, the auxiliary positioning unit further includes a quick-lifting assembly; the quick-lifting assembly includes a sliding column 41 slidably disposed on the inner wall of the slide groove 37, second fixing rings 42 fixed to the outer walls of both ends of the sliding column 41, two L-shaped blocks 43 fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding column 41, and a fixing column 45 fixed to one end of the inner wall of the slide groove 37 near the U-shaped seat 22; the two L-shaped blocks 43 are respectively attached to the two sides of the cover plate 23 at their respective close ends, and the two second fixing rings 42 are respectively attached to the two L-shaped blocks 43 at their respective distant ends; a groove 44 is provided on the inner side of the right angle side of the L-shaped block 43; a plurality of limiting rings 46 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the fixing column 45, and an elastic frame band 47 is sleeved between two adjacent limiting rings 46; the elastic frame band 47 is used to be sleeved in the groove 44 of the outer periphery of the fixing column 45 and the L-shaped block 43 to keep the L-shaped block 43 stationary. In the non-use state, the L-shaped block 43 rests on the upper end of the sixth fixed block 40, and the elastic frame band 47 is inserted into the groove 44. The contraction force of the elastic frame band 47 pulls the L-shaped block 43 towards the fixed post 45, keeping the L-shaped block 43 stationary or allowing only a small movement, thus preventing accidental rotation during processing that could interfere with the workpiece or tool. When drilling is complete and the L-shaped workpiece 29 needs to be removed, the operator first removes the elastic frame band 47 from the groove 44, flips the cover plate 23 upward to open it, and then slides the L-shaped block 43 along the slide groove 37 to the top of the workpiece. Then, the operator manually moves the L-shaped block 43 to rotate clockwise around the central axis of the sliding post 41. The end of the L-shaped block 43 extends downward and contacts the upper end face or side wall of the L-shaped workpiece 29. Continuing to rotate will pry or lift the L-shaped workpiece 29 out of the U-shaped limiting plate 21 for easy removal. After removal, the L-shaped block 43 is rotated counterclockwise to reset, and the elastic frame band 47 is re-inserted into the groove 44 to restore the locked state.

[0039] In this embodiment, specifically, the auxiliary functional components include a first vertical block 101 fixed to one side edge of the upper end of the first support plate 1, a controller 104 fixed to the side wall of the first vertical block 101, a second vertical block 102 fixed to the other side edge of the upper end of the first support plate 1, and a dust collection unit disposed on the side wall of the second vertical block 102; the dust collection unit includes a first fixing block 103 fixed to the side wall of the first vertical block 101, a first motor 105 fixed to the upper end of the first fixing block 103, a rotating arm 106 fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first motor 105, a dust collection box 107 fixed to the upper end of the rotating arm 106, and a first bracket 108 fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box 107; the first bracket 108 is provided with at least one first camera 109, and the dust collection box 107 is located below the drilling unit for collecting dust generated during drilling. Driven by the first motor 105, the dust collection box 107 can swing to directly below the twist drill 18 to catch most of the falling drill chips; the first camera 109 is used to monitor the dust accumulation in the dust collection box 107 in real time. When the dust accumulation reaches the set threshold, the controller 104 issues an alarm to prompt the operator to clean it.

[0040] In this embodiment, the controller 104 is specifically connected to the second motor 403, the third motor 803, the fourth motor 15, the first motor 105, the first electric cylinder 25, the second electric cylinder 27, the third electric cylinder 31, the second camera 17, and the first camera 109, respectively, to realize the linkage automatic control of each actuator.

[0041] Working principle: In use, the operator first moves the machine tool to the work site using four casters 3, then starts two hydraulic cylinders 202. The hydraulic cylinders 202 push the bottom block 203 downward until it contacts the ground and lifts the first bearing plate 1, so that the casters 3 are off the ground, thus completing the stable support of the machine tool. Next, the L-shaped workpiece 29 is placed in the U-shaped limiting plate 21, so that the two vertical walls of the workpiece are respectively attached to the bottom and side surfaces of the inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate 21. The controller 104 controls the first electric cylinder 25 and the second electric cylinder 27 to extend synchronously, pushing the first pressing block 26 and the second pressing block 28 to clamp the workpiece from both sides. Then, the cover plate 23 is flipped down to press it on the pad block 30. The bottom surface of the cover plate 23 contacts the upper surface of the L-shaped workpiece 29 to form auxiliary clamping. According to the processing requirements, if it is necessary to drill a hole on the horizontal surface of the L-shaped workpiece 29, the rotating mechanism 8 maintains the initial position. If it is necessary to drill a hole on the vertical surface, the third motor 803 is started. The gear 804 drives the internal gear ring 801 and the rotating ring 7 to rotate 90° so that the twist drill 18 is aligned with the vertical surface. The servo moving component 4 drives the workpiece to move along the X direction to the predetermined position. The X-axis feed slide 11, the Y-axis radial adjustment slide 12 and the Z-axis spindle feed slide 13 work together to move the twist drill 18 precisely to the drilling starting point. The second camera 17 illuminates the scale groove 39 to read and position to confirm the drilling position. Before drilling, the controller 104 starts the first motor 105, and the rotating arm 106 drives the dust collection box 107 to swing directly below the twist drill 18. At the same time, the third electric cylinder 31 drives the first fixing ring 33 to descend so that its inner hole fits around the outer circumference of the twist drill 18 and is close to the workpiece surface. Then, the fourth motor 15 starts to drive the twist drill 18 to rotate. The Z-axis spindle feed slide 13 drives the drill bit to feed downward to complete the drilling. The debris generated during the drilling process is constrained by the first fixing ring 33, and most of it falls into the dust collection box 107. After the drilling is completed, all moving parts are reset. The operator removes the elastic frame band 47 from the groove 44 and manually moves the L-shaped block 43 to rotate clockwise around the sliding column 41. The end of the L-shaped block 43 extends downward and pushes the lower end face of the L-shaped workpiece 29, quickly lifting the workpiece out of the U-shaped limiting plate 21. Then, rotate the L-shaped block 43 counterclockwise to reset it and place it on the upper end of the sixth fixed block 40. Then, put the elastic frame band 47 back into the groove 44 to keep the L-shaped block 43 in a locked state. Then, put in the next workpiece and start the next cycle of processing.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool, characterized in that, It includes a first bearing plate (1), a movable support assembly disposed at the lower end of the first bearing plate (1), a workpiece positioning assembly disposed at the upper end of the first bearing plate (1), an auxiliary function assembly disposed on one side of the upper end of the first bearing plate (1), and a multi-axis drilling system disposed above the workpiece positioning assembly; A servo moving component (4) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bearing plate (1). A second fixed plate (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving end of the servo moving component (4). A bearing plate (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second fixed plate (5). A rotating ring (7) is rotatably installed on the upper end of the bearing plate (6). A rotating mechanism (8) for driving and locking the rotation angle of the rotating ring (7) is also provided on the upper end of the bearing plate (6). The multi-axis drilling system includes two second supports (9) fixed to the upper end of the rotating ring (7), and a three-axis moving mechanism is fixed to the upper end of the two second supports (9). A drilling unit is fixed to the output end of the three-axis moving mechanism. The workpiece positioning assembly includes a U-shaped limiting plate (21) fixed to the upper end of the first bearing plate (1). The bottom inner wall and one side inner wall of the U-shaped limiting plate (21) are used to place and position the L-shaped workpiece (29). The side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate (21) is fixed with an extrusion unit for clamping and fixing the L-shaped workpiece (29). The auxiliary functional components include a second vertical block (102) fixed to one side edge of the upper end of the first support plate (1), a controller (104) fixed to the side wall of the second vertical block (102), a first vertical block (101) fixed to the other side edge of the upper end of the first support plate (1), and a dust collection unit disposed on the side wall of the first vertical block (101). The dust collection unit is located below the drilling unit and is used to collect dust generated during drilling.

2. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable support assembly includes two lifting mechanisms (2) symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the first support plate (1), and four casters (3) fixed to the four corner edges of the lower end of the first support plate (1); each lifting mechanism (2) includes a first fixed plate (201) fixed to the lower end of the first support plate (1), a hydraulic cylinder (202) fixed to the upper end of the first fixed plate (201), and a bottom block (203) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (202).

3. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo moving assembly (4) includes two bearing seats (401) and a fixed seat (402) fixed to the upper end of the first bearing plate (1), a second motor (403) fixed to the side wall of the fixed seat (402), a lead screw (404) rotatably mounted on the two bearing seats (401) and the fixed seat (402), and a threaded sleeve (405) threaded to the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw (404); the output shaft of the second motor (403) is fixed to one end of the lead screw (404), and the upper end of the threaded sleeve (405) is fixed to the lower end of the second fixed plate (5); The rotating mechanism (8) includes a second fixed block (802) fixed to the upper end of the bearing plate (6), a third motor (803) fixed to the side wall of the second fixed block (802), a gear (804) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third motor (803), and an internal gear ring (801) fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring (7); the gear (804) and the internal gear ring (801) mesh with each other.

4. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis moving mechanism includes a second bearing plate (10) fixed to the upper end of the two second supports (9), an X-axis feed slide (11) fixed to the upper end of the second bearing plate (10), a Y-axis radial adjustment slide (12) fixed to the moving end of the X-axis feed slide (11), and a Z-axis spindle feed slide (13) fixed to the moving end of the Y-axis radial adjustment slide (12). The drilling unit includes a third fixed block (14) fixed to the moving end of the Z-axis spindle feed slide (13), a fourth motor (15) fixed to the upper end of the third fixed block (14), a fourth fixed block (16) fixed to the side wall of the third fixed block (14), and a second camera (17) fixed to the lower end of the fourth fixed block (16). The lower end of the output shaft of the fourth motor (15) is fixed with a twist drill (18) through a coupling. The fourth fixed block (16) is provided with a bearing, and the twist drill (18) is rotatably disposed in the bearing.

5. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion unit includes a U-shaped block (24) fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped limiting plate (21), and a first extrusion member and a second extrusion member symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped block (24); the first extrusion member includes a first electric cylinder (25) fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block (24), and a first extrusion block (26) fixed to the output shaft of the first electric cylinder (25); the second extrusion member includes a second electric cylinder (27) fixed to the side wall of the U-shaped block (24), and a second extrusion block (28) fixed to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder (27); the first extrusion block (26) and the second extrusion block (28) are used to clamp the L-shaped workpiece (29) from both sides.

6. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece positioning assembly further includes an auxiliary positioning unit, which includes a support column (19) fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped limiting plate (21), a third fixing plate (20) fixed to the upper end of the support column (19), a U-shaped seat (22) fixed to the upper end of the third fixing plate (20), a cover plate (23) rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped seat (22), and pads (30) respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two ends of the U-shaped limiting plate (21); the upper end of the pad (30) is in contact with the lower end of the cover plate (23).

7. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sliding groove (37) is provided through one side of the cover plate (23), and an observation groove (38) is provided through the upper end of the cover plate (23). The observation groove (38) communicates with the sliding groove (37) and extends to the lower end of the cover plate (23). Multiple scale grooves (39) for reading are provided at equal intervals along the length of the observation groove (38) at the upper end of the cover plate (23). A sixth fixing block (40) is fixed to both sides of the cover plate (23).

8. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary positioning unit further includes a quick-lifting assembly, which includes a sliding column (41) slidably disposed on the inner wall of the slide groove (37), a second fixing ring (42) fixed to the outer walls of both ends of the sliding column (41), two L-shaped blocks (43) fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding column (41), and a fixing column (45) fixed to one end of the inner wall of the slide groove (37) near the U-shaped seat (22); the two L-shaped blocks (43) are respectively attached to the two sides of the cover plate (23) at their respective close ends. The ends of the second fixing rings (42) that are close to each other are respectively attached to the ends of the two L-shaped blocks (43) that are far apart from each other; the inner side of the right angle side of the L-shaped block (43) is provided with a groove (44); the outer peripheral wall of the fixing post (45) is fixed with a plurality of limiting rings (46), and an elastic frame band (47) is sleeved between two adjacent limiting rings (46); the elastic frame band (47) is used to be sleeved in the groove (44) of the outer periphery of the fixing post (45) and the L-shaped block (43) to keep the L-shaped block (43) stationary.

9. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection unit includes a first fixing block (103) fixed to the side wall of the first vertical block (101), a first motor (105) fixed to the upper end of the first fixing block (103), a rotating arm (106) fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first motor (105), a dust collection box (107) fixed to the upper end of the rotating arm (106), and a first bracket (108) fixed to the side wall of the dust collection box (107); at least one first camera (109) is provided on the first bracket (108), and the dust collection box (107) is located below the drilling unit.

10. The mobile small CNC drilling and milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the two ends of the U-shaped limiting plate (21) are also fixedly connected to a third electric cylinder (31). The output shaft of the third electric cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to a moving block (32). The side wall of the moving block (32) is fixedly connected to a first fixing ring (33). The side wall of the first fixing ring (33) is fixedly connected to a fifth fixing block (34). One end of the fifth fixing block (34) is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder (35). The side wall of the U-shaped seat (22) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (36). The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod (36) is in contact with the inner wall of the guide cylinder (35). The inner hole of the first fixing ring (33) is coaxially set with the twist drill (18) of the drilling unit to reduce the shedding of waste chips during drilling.

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