A turbine disk vibration safety verification device and method
By designing a turbine disk vibration safety verification device, which employs rotational and high-temperature vibration verification units and combines airflow disturbance and high-frequency vibration excitation, the problem of not being able to verify turbine disk vibration safety during the design stage in existing technologies has been solved. This achieves accurate assessment and cost reduction in complex environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAN AEROSPACE PROPULSION INST
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing turbine disk vibration monitoring technologies cannot actively apply excitation and verify vibration safety during the product design phase, and it is difficult to accurately assess vibration fatigue performance in high-temperature and high-speed environments. Existing devices are complex and costly.
A turbine disk vibration safety verification device is designed, including a rotational vibration verification unit and a high-temperature vibration verification unit. The device simulates centrifugal load and high-temperature environment through a control unit, and uses an airflow disturbance device and high-frequency vibration excitation. Combined with data acquisition and closed-loop control, the device achieves step-by-step verification of turbine disk vibration safety.
It enables vibration safety assessment under simulated centrifugal loads at room temperature and high-temperature environments, reduces the complexity and cost of the verification device, improves the automation level of the verification process and the reliability of test data, and can accurately identify the operating frequency and traveling wave frequency of the turbine disk to assess vibration safety throughout its entire life cycle.
Smart Images
Figure CN122282241A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a turbine disk verification device and method, specifically to a turbine disk vibration safety verification device and method. Background Technology
[0002] As a key transmission component that converts the thermal and kinetic energy of the working fluid into mechanical work, the turbine disk typically operates under extreme conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and high speed. With the continuous improvement of engine performance, parameters such as turbine disk rotational speed, incoming flow pressure, and temperature are constantly increasing, making vibration safety issues increasingly prominent. Once the turbine disk experiences local resonance, such as pitch vibration, it will directly affect the structural integrity and operational reliability of the engine, potentially leading to catastrophic failure in severe cases. Therefore, accurately verifying the vibration safety of the turbine disk under complex loads is of great significance for guiding the optimized design of the turbine disk and ensuring reliable operation throughout the engine's entire life cycle.
[0003] One typical approach in existing turbine disk vibration monitoring technologies involves installing high-frequency velocity and pressure sensors in the front and rear chambers of the turbine disk to measure the high-frequency pressure pulsations of the combustion gas near the turbine disk in real time, thereby indirectly inferring the vibration state of the turbine disk's pitch diameter. This approach enables online monitoring of the turbine disk's vibration state during hot commissioning without direct contact with rotating components, providing a basis for assessing the health status of the turbopump after commissioning. However, this existing technology still has the following shortcomings in practical applications:
[0004] First, this technology falls under the category of passive monitoring, only able to acquire vibration data during actual hot commissioning of the turbopump. It cannot actively apply excitation and verify the vibration safety of the turbine disk during the product design phase or in a laboratory environment. Its monitoring results are affected by multiple factors such as commissioning conditions, sensor installation location, and gas flow characteristics, making it difficult to isolate and quantify the impact of different loads such as centrifugal force, airflow excitation, and high temperature on the vibration characteristics of the turbine disk.
[0005] Secondly, this technology indirectly infers turbine disk vibration through gas pressure pulsations. Its measurement accuracy is limited by the complexity of gas flow and the coupling relationship between pressure pulsations and structural vibration. When the turbine disk experiences pitch vibration, the energy transfer efficiency to the fluid is low. Furthermore, the progressive obstruction from bearings, elastic supports, and other structures leads to a significant attenuation of the casing vibration signal, making it difficult for traditional casing vibration measurements to accurately capture the local vibration characteristics of the turbine disk. Although this existing technology uses intracavity pressure measurement, its signal feature extraction still relies on the indirect correspondence between pressure pulsations and structural vibration, limiting its sensitivity to weak vibrations or early faults.
[0006] Third, this technology is mainly geared towards real-time monitoring during hot commissioning and cannot systematically verify the vibration fatigue performance of the turbine disk under the combined effects of centrifugal force and high temperature. In actual operation, the turbine disk is simultaneously subjected to the coupled effects of centrifugal stress generated by high-speed rotation, airflow excitation force, and high-temperature thermal stress. However, this existing technology can only reflect the vibration state under a specific commissioning condition and cannot decouple and analyze different loads through parametric control, making it difficult to support the vibration safety assessment of the turbine disk throughout its entire life cycle. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously simulate the centrifugal load and high-temperature environment of turbine disks, resulting in complex and costly verification devices, and to provide a turbine disk vibration safety verification device and method.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:
[0009] A turbine disk vibration safety verification device, characterized in that it includes: a rotational vibration verification unit, a high-temperature vibration verification unit, and a control unit;
[0010] The rotational vibration verification unit includes a sealed chamber, a drive device, an airflow disturbance device, and a data acquisition module; the sealed chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through an air inlet valve, and the air outlet is provided with an air outlet valve.
[0011] The drive device is located inside the sealed chamber, and its output end is used to install and drive the turbine disk to rotate during normal temperature rotational vibration verification; the airflow disturbance device is a ring structure, located around the output end of the drive device, and is used to simulate the disturbance effect of the stator blades adjacent to the turbine disk on the airflow; the data acquisition module is used to acquire the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, including the turbine disk's operating frequency and traveling wave frequency.
[0012] The high-temperature vibration verification unit includes a heating unit, a vibration unit, a temperature sensor, and an acceleration sensor; the output end of the vibration unit is used to install a turbine disk and provide high-frequency vibration excitation during high-temperature vibration verification.
[0013] The output terminal of the control unit is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump, inlet valve, outlet valve, drive device, heating unit, and vibration unit, respectively, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminals of the data acquisition module, temperature sensor, and acceleration sensor, respectively. It is used to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk during normal temperature rotational vibration verification and obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk. Based on the traveling wave vibration parameters, it applies high temperature and high frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk during high temperature vibration verification and obtains the vibration response parameters of the turbine disk to evaluate the vibration safety of the turbine disk.
[0014] Furthermore, the control unit includes a main control module, an airflow excitation control module, a drive control module, a temperature control module, and a vibration control module;
[0015] The main control module is electrically connected to the airflow excitation control module, drive control module, temperature control module, vibration control module and data acquisition module respectively;
[0016] The output terminal of the drive control module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the drive device.
[0017] The output terminal of the airflow excitation control module is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump, the inlet valve and the outlet valve, respectively.
[0018] The output of the temperature control module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heating unit, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor. It is used to apply high temperature to the turbine disk and collect the temperature feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop temperature control.
[0019] The output of the vibration control module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the vibration unit, and its input is electrically connected to the output of the acceleration sensor. It is used to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk and collect the acceleration feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop control of the vibration.
[0020] Furthermore, the rotational vibration verification unit also includes a vacuum pumping device and a lubrication and cooling module;
[0021] The vacuum pumping device's air extraction port is connected to the sealed chamber, and its exhaust port is located outside the sealed chamber. Its control terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the drive control module, and is used to control the vacuum pumping device through the drive control module to stabilize the vacuum level in the sealed chamber at a set threshold, so as to reduce the wind resistance loss of the drive device and improve its drive efficiency; wherein, the vacuum pumping device can be a vacuum pump.
[0022] The lubrication and cooling module is located at the rotating part of the drive device, providing lubrication and cooling for the drive device, enabling the drive device to operate stably for a long time.
[0023] Furthermore, the airflow disturbance device includes a plurality of disturbance plates circumferentially distributed around the output end of the drive device;
[0024] The number and / or angle of the plurality of said disturbance plates are adjustable, and their adjustment parameters are related to the target traveling wave frequency of the turbine disk.
[0025] Furthermore, the heating unit includes a power regulation module and a heater;
[0026] The input terminal of the power regulation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature control module, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heater, used to control the power of the heater to regulate the temperature of the heater; the heater is arranged around the turbine disk; the heater is a radiant heater.
[0027] The vibration unit includes a signal amplification and conditioning module and a vibration device; the vibration device is a vibration table or an exciter.
[0028] The input terminal of the signal amplification and conditioning module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the vibration control module, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the vibration device, which is used to control the high-frequency vibration excitation output by the vibration device.
[0029] The accelerometer is a laser accelerometer, used for non-contact monitoring of the vibration response of the turbine disk at high temperatures.
[0030] This invention also provides a method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk, characterized by the following steps:
[0031] S1. Assemble the above-mentioned turbine disk vibration safety verification device;
[0032] S2. Install the turbine disk on the output end of the drive device of the rotating vibration verification unit, and adjust the position of the acquisition end of the data acquisition module relative to the turbine disk.
[0033] S3. The control unit obtains at least the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and transient analysis results of the turbine disk through simulation analysis. Based on the modal analysis results, it sets the target rotational speed of the drive device, adjusts the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device relative to the turbine disk, and generates an airflow excitation control signal. Then, it controls the drive device to rotate the turbine disk and steadily increase it to the target rotational speed. Simultaneously, it controls the operation of the air pump, intake valve, and exhaust valve according to the airflow excitation control signal, thereby applying periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk. The data acquisition module collects the vibration displacement signal and strain signal of the turbine disk in real time and transmits them to the control unit. The control unit analyzes and obtains the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, including the turbine disk's operating frequency and traveling wave frequency.
[0034] S4. Separate the turbine disk that has completed the room temperature rotational vibration verification from the drive device, and install the separated turbine disk on the output end of the vibration unit of the high temperature vibration verification unit, and adjust the position of the temperature sensor and acceleration sensor relative to the turbine disk.
[0035] S5. Based on the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, the control unit generates the target temperature of the heating unit and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of the vibration unit; then, it controls the heating unit to heat the turbine disk to the target temperature and maintain the temperature; then, it controls the vibration unit to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk at high temperature according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to conduct a vibration fatigue test on the turbine disk; the vibration response parameters of the turbine disk are collected in real time by the acceleration sensor and transmitted to the control unit.
[0036] S6. The control unit compares the traveling wave vibration parameters and vibration response parameters with all the results of the simulation analysis to correct the vibration safety analysis model. Then, based on the obtained vibration response parameters and the corrected safety analysis model, it evaluates the vibration safety of the turbine disk under complex loads, thereby completing the vibration safety verification of the turbine disk.
[0037] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes:
[0038] S3.1 Setting rotation control parameters
[0039] S3.1.1 The control unit shall obtain at least the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and transient analysis results of the turbine disk through simulation analysis;
[0040] S3.1.2 The control unit determines the working mode of the turbine disk based on the modal analysis results, and generates the target speed and airflow excitation parameters of the drive device accordingly; the working mode includes the number of nodal diameters, mode shape and corresponding critical speed;
[0041] S3.1.3 The control unit determines the resonant speed range based on the target speed; adjusts the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device relative to the turbine disk based on the airflow excitation parameters, and generates airflow excitation control signals to control the operation of the air pump, intake valve and exhaust valve.
[0042] S3.2, Rotational Vibration Verification
[0043] S3.2.1 The control unit controls the drive device to drive the turbine disk to rotate and steadily increase it to the target speed;
[0044] S3.2.2 During the speed increase process, when the speed reaches the preset difference before the resonance speed range, the air pump, intake valve and exhaust valve are controlled to work according to the airflow excitation control signal, so as to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk to simulate the airflow disturbance of the turbine disk during actual operation; the difference is 1000 rpm, that is, the airflow excitation is performed 1000 rpm before the resonance speed range;
[0045] S3.2.3 The data acquisition module collects the vibration displacement signal and strain signal of the turbine disk in real time and transmits them to the control unit;
[0046] S3.2.4 The control unit analyzes the vibration displacement signal and strain signal based on the strain modal method and the three-point theory to obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, so as to complete the room temperature rotational vibration verification of the turbine disk.
[0047] Furthermore, a step for judging the rationality of airflow excitation parameters is included between steps S3.1 and S3.2:
[0048] The control unit controls the drive device to rotate at low speed and collects the strain signal at this time as a reference value through the data acquisition module. Then, it controls the operation of the air pump, intake valve and exhaust valve to apply periodic airflow excitation to the turbine disk and collects the strain signal again as the excitation value. The difference between the excitation value and the reference value is compared to determine whether the airflow excitation parameters are reasonable. If so, step S3.2 is executed. If not, step S3.1 is returned to redetermine the airflow excitation parameters.
[0049] Furthermore, step S5 specifically includes:
[0050] S5.1 Setting High-Temperature Vibration Control Parameters
[0051] S5.1.1 The control unit determines the frequency range for vibration fatigue testing of the turbine disk based on the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and the operating frequency and traveling wave frequency of the turbine disk.
[0052] S5.1.2 The control unit generates the target temperature of the heating unit and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of the vibration unit according to the frequency range and temperature range of the vibration fatigue test.
[0053] S5.2 The control unit controls the operation of the heating unit and the vibration unit; then, it determines whether the temperature and vibration have reached the set values and stabilized based on the feedback from the temperature sensor and the acceleration sensor, respectively; if yes, proceed to step S5.3; if no, stop the verification.
[0054] S5.3 High-Temperature Vibration Verification
[0055] S5.3.1 The control unit controls the heating unit to heat the turbine disk to the target temperature and maintain the temperature;
[0056] S5.3.2 The control unit controls the vibration unit to sweep the frequency of the turbine disk according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to determine the actual resonance frequency; then, vibration excitation is applied to the turbine disk within the determined dwell frequency range to carry out vibration fatigue test.
[0057] S5.3.3: The vibration response parameters of the turbine disk are collected in real time by an accelerometer and transmitted to the control unit.
[0058] Furthermore, in step S5.3.2, a narrow-band random method is used to conduct vibration fatigue tests, with ±50Hz of the dwell frequency as the test frequency range, and the strain value and test time of the turbine disk test point are recorded.
[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0060] 1. The present invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device, which realizes step-by-step verification of turbine disk vibration safety by setting up a rotational vibration verification unit and a high-temperature vibration verification unit. The rotational vibration verification unit simulates the coupling effect of centrifugal load and airflow excitation at room temperature to accurately obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk. The high-temperature vibration verification unit conducts a high-temperature vibration fatigue test on the turbine disk based on the parameters. Thus, without directly measuring the complex working conditions of high temperature and high speed rotation, the device comprehensively evaluates the vibration safety under the combined action of multiple loads such as centrifugal force, airflow excitation and high temperature, which significantly reduces the complexity and cost of the verification device.
[0061] 2. The present invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device, which realizes independent and precise control of rotational vibration verification and high-temperature vibration verification by setting a main control module and multiple dedicated control modules; the airflow excitation control module, drive control module, temperature control module and vibration control module respectively form a closed-loop control loop to ensure the precise loading and real-time adjustment of each excitation parameter (airflow, speed, temperature and vibration), thereby improving the automation level of the verification process and the reliability of test data.
[0062] 3. The present invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device. By adding a vacuum pumping device and a lubrication and cooling module to the rotary vibration verification unit, the vacuum pumping device reduces wind resistance loss in the sealed chamber and improves the high-speed operating efficiency of the drive device; the lubrication and cooling module ensures the stable operation of the drive device under long-term high-speed conditions, effectively extending the service life of the device and ensuring the continuity and accuracy of rotary vibration verification.
[0063] 4. The present invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device, which uses multiple circumferentially distributed disturbance plates to accurately simulate the disturbance effect of adjacent stator blades of the turbine disk on the airflow; the number of disturbance plates is related to the rotational speed and traveling wave frequency, so that the airflow excitation is highly matched with the actual working state of the turbine disk, thereby improving the accuracy of obtaining traveling wave vibration parameters.
[0064] 5. The present invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device, which realizes independent and precise adjustment of high temperature loading and vibration excitation through a heating unit consisting of a power adjustment module and a heater, and a vibration unit consisting of a signal amplification and conditioning module and a vibration table; the closed-loop control of heating power ensures the uniformity and stability of the temperature field, and the amplification and conditioning of vibration signals ensures the precise application of high frequency excitation, providing a reliable hardware foundation for high temperature vibration fatigue testing.
[0065] 6. This invention provides a method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk. Through a step-by-step verification process of "measuring traveling waves by rotating at room temperature and measuring fatigue at high temperature without rotating," the complex multi-field coupling verification problem is decomposed into two relatively independent test stages. The traveling wave vibration parameters obtained from the rotation verification are directly used as the input for the high-temperature verification, so that the high-temperature vibration excitation matches the actual working mode of the turbine disk. Finally, the safety model is corrected by combining simulation analysis, thereby realizing a comprehensive assessment of the vibration safety of the turbine disk throughout its entire life cycle. The verification results are closer to the actual working conditions.
[0066] 7. This invention provides a method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk. By refining the rotational vibration verification steps, the operating mode and target speed are first determined based on simulation. Then, periodic airflow excitation is applied before the resonant speed range, achieving active excitation and precise capture of traveling wave vibration. Based on the strain modal method and the three-point theory, the vibration displacement and strain signals can be analyzed, accurately identifying the turbine disk's operating frequency and traveling wave frequency, providing crucial input parameters for subsequent high-temperature verification. Simultaneously, by adding a step to judge the rationality of the airflow excitation parameters before the formal test, the strain signals with and without airflow excitation are compared to verify the rationality of the excitation parameter settings. This step effectively avoids test failures or data distortion caused by improper parameter settings, improving the reliability and efficiency of the verification process.
[0067] 8. This invention provides a method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk. By refining the high-temperature vibration verification steps, the turbine disk is first swept to determine the actual resonant frequency. Then, a vibration fatigue load is applied within the dwell frequency range, ensuring that the excitation energy is concentrated on the actual resonant point of the turbine disk. The dual verification mechanism of temperature closed-loop and vibration closed-loop ensures the stability and controllability of the high-temperature environment and vibration load, improving the accuracy of the vibration fatigue test. Simultaneously, a narrow-band random method is used for vibration fatigue testing, with ±50Hz of the dwell frequency as the test frequency range. This covers the frequency fluctuation range that the turbine disk may experience under actual operating conditions, while concentrating the excitation energy on the target mode. This method balances the authenticity and efficiency of the test, and the recorded strain values and test time provide reliable data support for vibration fatigue life assessment. Attached Figure Description
[0068] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to the present invention;
[0069] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the rotating vibration verification unit in an embodiment of a turbine disk vibration safety verification device for the invention.
[0070] The attached figures are labeled as follows:
[0071] 1-Rotational vibration verification unit, 11-Drive device, 12-Airflow disturbance device, 13-Data acquisition module, 14-Vacuum pump, 15-Air pump, 16-Inlet valve, 17-Outlet valve, 2-High temperature vibration verification unit, 21-Heating unit, 211-Power regulation module, 212-Heater, 22-Vibration unit, 221-Signal amplification and conditioning module, 222-Vibration device, 23-Temperature sensor, 24-Acceleration sensor, 3-Control unit, 31-Main control module, 32-Airflow excitation control module, 33-Drive control module, 34-Temperature control module, 35-Vibration control module. Detailed Implementation
[0072] To make the objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of a turbine disk vibration safety verification device and method of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, is provided. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0073] This invention provides a turbine disk vibration safety verification device for verifying the safety of turbine disks, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a rotational vibration verification unit 1, a high-temperature vibration verification unit 2, and a control unit 3. The rotational vibration verification unit 1 is mainly used to simulate the working state of the turbine disk under incoming flow pressure and high-speed rotation, and to obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the high-speed rotating turbine disk.
[0074] The rotational vibration verification unit 1 includes a sealed chamber, a drive device 11, an airflow disturbance device 12, a data acquisition module 13, a vacuum pumping device 14, and a lubrication and cooling module. The sealed chamber is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 15 through an air inlet valve 16, and the air outlet is equipped with an air outlet valve 17.
[0075] The drive unit 11 is located inside the sealed chamber, and its output end is used to install and drive the turbine disk to rotate during normal temperature rotational vibration verification; the airflow disturbance device 12 is a ring structure, located around the output end of the drive unit 11, and is used to simulate the disturbance effect of the stator blades adjacent to the turbine disk on the airflow; the data acquisition module 13 is used to acquire the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, including the operating frequency of the turbine disk and the traveling wave frequency.
[0076] The airflow disturbance device 12 specifically includes multiple disturbance plates (the number of disturbance plates is related to the traveling wave vibration parameters) that are circumferentially distributed around the output end of the drive device 11, and the number and / or angle of the multiple disturbance plates are adjustable.
[0077] The vacuum pumping device 14 (such as a vacuum pump) has its suction port connected to the sealed chamber, and its exhaust port located outside the sealed chamber. Its control terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the drive control module 33, which is used to control the vacuum pumping device 14 through the drive control module 33 to stabilize the vacuum level in the sealed chamber at a set threshold, thereby reducing the wind resistance loss of the drive device 11 and improving its drive efficiency. The lubrication and cooling module is located at the rotating part of the drive device 11 to provide lubrication and cooling for the drive device 11, so that the drive device 11 can operate stably for a long time.
[0078] The high-temperature vibration verification unit 2 includes a heating unit 21, a vibration unit 22, a temperature sensor 23, and an acceleration sensor 24 (such as a laser acceleration sensor, used for non-contact monitoring of the vibration response of the turbine disk at high temperatures); the output end of the vibration unit 22 is used to install the turbine disk and provide high-frequency vibration excitation during high-temperature vibration verification.
[0079] The heating unit 21 includes a power regulation module 211 and a heater 212 (such as a radiant heater); the input terminal of the power regulation module 211 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature control module 34, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heater 212, for controlling the power of the heater 212 to regulate the temperature of the heater 212; the heater 212 is arranged around the turbine disk;
[0080] The vibration unit 22 includes a signal amplification and conditioning module 221 and a vibration device 222 (such as a vibration table or exciter); the input terminal of the signal amplification and conditioning module 221 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the vibration control module 35, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the vibration device 222, which is used to control the high-frequency vibration excitation output by the vibration device 222.
[0081] The output terminal of the control unit 3 is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump 15, the inlet valve 16, the outlet valve 17, the drive device 11, the heating unit 21, and the vibration unit 22, respectively. Its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminals of the data acquisition module 13, the temperature sensor 23, and the acceleration sensor 24, respectively. It is used to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk during normal temperature rotational vibration verification and obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk. Based on the traveling wave vibration parameters, it applies high temperature and high frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk during high temperature vibration verification and obtains the vibration response parameters of the turbine disk to evaluate the vibration safety of the turbine disk.
[0082] The control unit 3 specifically includes: a main control module 31, an airflow excitation control module 32, a drive control module 33, a temperature control module 34, and a vibration control module 35.
[0083] The main control module 31 is electrically connected to the airflow excitation control module 32, the drive control module 33, the temperature control module 34, the vibration control module 35, and the data acquisition module 13, respectively. The output terminal of the drive control module 33 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the drive device 11. The output terminal of the airflow excitation control module 32 is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump 15, the inlet valve 16, and the outlet valve 17, respectively. The output terminal of the temperature control module 34 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heating unit 21, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor 23, which is used to apply high temperature to the turbine disk and collect the temperature feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop temperature control. The output terminal of the vibration control module 35 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the vibration unit 22, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the acceleration sensor 24, which is used to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk and collect the acceleration feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop vibration control.
[0084] This invention discloses a method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk, specifically comprising the following steps:
[0085] S1. Assemble the above-mentioned turbine disk vibration safety verification device;
[0086] S2. Install the turbine disk on the output end of the drive device 11 of the rotating vibration verification unit 1, and adjust the position of the acquisition end (such as strain gauge and eddy current sensor) of the data acquisition module 13 relative to the turbine disk.
[0087] For example: Strain gauges are fixed at designated positions on the turbine disk surface, and the turbine disk is positioned and connected to the drive device 11 via tooling; a gas disturbance device 12 is installed inside the chamber and fixed to the cover of the sealed chamber. The distance and angle between the turbine disk and the gas disturbance device 12 should be adjusted to avoid collisions during the high-speed rotation of the turbine disk, and the validity of the measurement results should also be ensured.
[0088] S3 and control unit 3 obtain modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and transient analysis results of the turbine disk through simulation analysis. Based on the modal analysis results, they set the target rotational speed of the drive device 11, adjust the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device 12 relative to the turbine disk, and generate airflow excitation control signals. Then, they control the drive device 11 to drive the turbine disk to rotate and steadily increase it to the target rotational speed. Simultaneously, based on the airflow excitation control signals, they control the operation of the air pump 15, intake valve 16, and exhaust valve 17, thereby applying periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk. The data acquisition module 13 collects the vibration displacement and strain signals of the turbine disk in real time and transmits them to control unit 3 for analysis to obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, including the turbine disk's operating frequency and traveling wave frequency. Specifically:
[0089] S3.1 Setting rotation control parameters
[0090] S3.1.1, Control Unit 3, through simulation analysis, obtains at least the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and transient analysis results of the turbine disk;
[0091] S3.1.2, the control unit 3 determines the working modes of the turbine disk (including the number of pitch diameters, mode shapes and corresponding critical speeds) based on the modal analysis results. Taking into account the speed of the drive device 11, the geometry of the turbine disk and the incoming flow pressure of the turbine disk, the turbine disk tooling structure, the flow rate in the sealed chamber, the structural dimensions of the airflow disturbance device 12 and the number of disturbance plates, etc., the control unit 3 determines the target speed and airflow excitation parameters of the drive device 11.
[0092] S3.1.3, Control Unit 3 determines the resonant speed range according to the target speed; adjusts the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device 12 relative to the turbine disk according to the airflow excitation parameters, and generates airflow excitation control signals to control the operation of air pump 15, intake valve 16 and exhaust valve 17.
[0093] S3.2, Judgment of the rationality of airflow excitation parameters
[0094] Control unit 3 controls drive device 11 to rotate at low speed, and acquires strain signal at this time as reference value through data acquisition module 13; then, controls air pump 15, intake valve 16 and exhaust valve 17 to work, apply periodic airflow excitation to turbine disk, and acquire strain signal again as excitation value; compare the difference between excitation value and reference value to determine whether airflow excitation parameters are reasonable; if so, execute step S3.2; if not, return to step S3.1 and redetermine airflow excitation parameters.
[0095] S3.3, Rotational Vibration Verification
[0096] S3.3.1, Control unit 3 controls drive device 11 to drive turbine disk to rotate and steadily increase speed;
[0097] S3.3.2 During the speed increase process, when the speed reaches the difference value before the resonance speed range (the preset difference value is 1000 rpm, that is, 1000 rpm in advance), the air pump 15, the intake valve 16 and the exhaust valve 17 are controlled to work according to the airflow excitation control signal, so as to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk to simulate the airflow disturbance of the turbine disk during actual operation.
[0098] S3.3.3 The data acquisition module 13 acquires the vibration displacement signal and strain signal of the turbine disk in real time and transmits them to the control unit 3.
[0099] S3.3.4 and Control Unit 3 analyze vibration displacement and strain signals based on the strain modal method and the three-point resonance criterion to obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, thereby completing the room-temperature rotational vibration verification of the turbine disk. The strain modal method is a structural modal analysis method based on dynamic strain measurement. By identifying strain modal parameters (natural frequency, strain mode shape, damping ratio), it describes the strain distribution law during structural vibration and is used for structural dynamics analysis, damage detection, and health monitoring. The three-point resonance criterion is the core theory for frequency tuning of the entire turbine's connected long blades, used to accurately determine and avoid the resonance risk of the blade assembly.
[0100] S4. Separate the turbine disk that has completed the room temperature rotational vibration verification from the drive device 11, and install the separated turbine disk on the output end of the vibration unit 22 of the high temperature vibration verification unit 2, and adjust the position of the temperature sensor 23 (high temperature strain gauge) and the acceleration sensor 24 relative to the turbine disk.
[0101] Based on traveling wave vibration parameters and simulation analysis results, the vibration fatigue testing range of interest is determined. A dedicated fixture is designed. Regarding the fixture's stiffness design, it should ensure efficient transmission of vibration energy from the vibration table / exciter; therefore, the lowest frequency of the fixture should generally be at least twice the turbine disk's testing frequency. Simultaneously, the fixture must consider the installation space of the heater 212 and the heat insulation between the heater 212 and the vibration table surface, which may result in the lowest frequency of the fixture being less than twice the turbine disk's testing frequency. In this case, the lowest frequency of the fixture design should be at least 20% higher than the turbine disk's testing frequency. Regarding the fixture's manufacturability, simulation analysis should be conducted on the reliability of the connection between the fixture and the turbine disk under high-temperature conditions to prevent loosening of the connection under these conditions. Furthermore, the connection between the fixture and the turbine disk will be located in the center of the heater 212. To avoid a significant decrease in fixture stiffness under high-temperature conditions, the fixture design must consider cooling, typically using circulating water cooling.
[0102] S5, Control Unit 3 generates the target temperature of heating unit 21 and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of vibration unit 22 based on modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and traveling wave vibration parameters of turbine disk; then, it controls heating unit 21 to heat turbine disk to the target temperature and maintain it at that temperature; then, it controls vibration unit 22 to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to turbine disk at high temperature according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to conduct vibration fatigue test on turbine disk; the vibration response parameters of turbine disk are collected in real time by acceleration sensor 24 and transmitted to control unit 3; specifically:
[0103] S5.1 Setting High-Temperature Vibration Control Parameters
[0104] S5.1.1, Control Unit 3 determines the frequency range for vibration fatigue testing of the turbine disk based on the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and the operating frequency and traveling wave frequency of the turbine disk.
[0105] S5.1.2, Control unit 3 generates the target temperature of heating unit 21 and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of vibration unit 22 according to the frequency range and temperature range of vibration fatigue test.
[0106] S5.2 The control unit 3 controls the operation of the heating unit 21 and the vibration unit 22; then, it judges whether the temperature and vibration have reached the set value and stabilized based on the feedback from the temperature sensor 23 and the acceleration sensor 24, respectively; if yes, it executes step S5.3; if no, it stops the verification.
[0107] S5.3 High-Temperature Vibration Verification
[0108] S5.3.1, Control Unit 3 controls Heating Unit 21 to heat the turbine disk to the target temperature and maintain the temperature (5-10 min). (Connect cooling water source, run heater to 200℃, monitor the temperature of turbine disk temperature control point to ensure effective heating closed-loop control; monitor the temperature of tooling temperature control point to ensure good cooling water circulation between heater 212 and vibration table; debug and run vibration table, monitor laser vibration data to ensure effective vibration control closed loop).
[0109] S5.3.2, The control unit 3 controls the vibration unit 22 to sweep the frequency of the turbine disk according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to determine the actual resonance frequency; then, vibration excitation is applied to the turbine disk within the determined dwell frequency range to carry out vibration fatigue test.
[0110] Among them, a narrow-band random method was used for vibration fatigue testing, with ±50Hz of the dwell frequency as the test frequency range, and the strain value and test time of the turbine disk test point were recorded.
[0111] S5.3.3 The vibration response parameters of the turbine disk are collected in real time by the accelerometer 24 and transmitted to the control unit 3.
[0112] S6 and Control Unit 3 compare the traveling wave vibration parameters and vibration response parameters with all the results of the simulation analysis (not limited to modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and transient analysis results) to correct the vibration safety analysis model. Then, based on the obtained vibration response parameters and the corrected safety analysis model, they evaluate the vibration safety of the turbine disk under complex loads, thereby completing the vibration safety verification of the turbine disk.
[0113] The rotating vibration verification unit 1 in this invention simultaneously applies airflow excitation and centrifugal load to reproduce the traveling wave vibration phenomenon of the turbine disk, resulting in lower verification costs. The drive device 11, as the main system for the centrifugal load, can also couple fluid loads. The high-temperature vibration verification unit 2 overcomes the shortcomings of the rotating vibration verification unit 1, such as the difficulty in coupling fluid excitation loads and high-temperature loads, especially under long-term high-speed operation, and the difficulty in continuously obtaining high-temperature vibration fatigue physical quantities of the turbine disk surface. It enriches the verification matrix for turbine disk vibration safety under complex load fields. The turbine disk vibration safety verification method has a clear principle and adds a method for evaluating turbine disk vibration safety under complex loads. It can correct the turbine disk vibration safety analysis model and facilitate a comprehensive evaluation of the turbine disk's vibration safety throughout its lifespan.
[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A turbine disk vibration safety verification device, characterized in that, include: Rotational vibration verification unit (1), high temperature vibration verification unit (2) and control unit (3); The rotational vibration verification unit (1) includes a sealed chamber, a drive device (11), an airflow disturbance device (12), and a data acquisition module (13). The sealed chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (15) through an air inlet valve (16), and the air outlet is provided with an air outlet valve (17). The drive device (11) is located inside the sealed chamber, and its output end is used to install and drive the turbine disk to rotate during normal temperature rotational vibration verification; the airflow disturbance device (12) is a ring structure and is located around the output end of the drive device (11) to simulate the disturbance effect of the stator blades adjacent to the turbine disk on the airflow; the data acquisition module (13) is used to acquire the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, including the turbine disk's operating frequency and traveling wave frequency; The high-temperature vibration verification unit (2) includes a heating unit (21), a vibration unit (22), a temperature sensor (23), and an acceleration sensor (24); the output end of the vibration unit (22) is used to install a turbine disk and provide high-frequency vibration excitation during high-temperature vibration verification. The output terminal of the control unit (3) is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump (15), air inlet valve (16), air outlet valve (17), drive device (11), heating unit (21) and vibration unit (22), respectively. Its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminals of the data acquisition module (13), temperature sensor (23) and acceleration sensor (24), respectively. It is used to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk during normal temperature rotational vibration verification and obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk. Based on the traveling wave vibration parameters, it applies high temperature and high frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk during high temperature vibration verification and obtains the vibration response parameters of the turbine disk to evaluate the vibration safety of the turbine disk.
2. The turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (3) includes a main control module (31), an airflow excitation control module (32), a drive control module (33), a temperature control module (34), and a vibration control module (35). The main control module (31) is electrically connected to the airflow excitation control module (32), drive control module (33), temperature control module (34), vibration control module (35) and data acquisition module (13), respectively; The output terminal of the drive control module (33) is electrically connected to the control terminal of the drive device (11); The output terminal of the airflow excitation control module (32) is electrically connected to the control terminals of the air pump (15), the inlet valve (16), and the outlet valve (17), respectively. The output of the temperature control module (34) is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heating unit (21), and its input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor (23). It is used to apply high temperature to the turbine disk and collect the temperature feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop temperature control. The output end of the vibration control module (35) is electrically connected to the control end of the vibration unit (22), and its input end is electrically connected to the output end of the acceleration sensor (24). It is used to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk and collect the acceleration feedback signal on the turbine disk to form a closed-loop control of vibration.
3. The turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotational vibration verification unit (1) also includes a vacuum pumping device (14) and a lubrication and cooling module; The vacuum pumping device (14) has its pumping port connected to the sealed chamber, and its exhaust port located outside the sealed chamber. Its control terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the drive control module (33), and is used to control the vacuum pumping device (14) through the drive control module (33) to stabilize the vacuum level in the sealed chamber at a set threshold, so as to reduce the wind resistance loss of the drive device (11) and improve its drive efficiency. The lubrication and cooling module is located at the rotating part of the drive device (11) to provide lubrication and cooling for the drive device (11), so that the drive device (11) can operate stably for a long time.
4. The turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airflow disturbance device (12) includes multiple disturbance plates that are circumferentially distributed around the output end of the drive device (11); The number and / or angle of the plurality of disturbance plates are adjustable.
5. The turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating unit (21) includes a power regulation module (211) and a heater (212). The input terminal of the power regulation module (211) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature control module (34), and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the heater (212) to control the power of the heater (212) in order to regulate the temperature of the heater (212); the heater (212) is arranged around the turbine disk; The vibration unit (22) includes a signal amplification and conditioning module (221) and a vibration device (222). The input terminal of the signal amplification and conditioning module (221) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the vibration control module (35), and its output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the vibration device (222) to control the high-frequency vibration excitation output by the vibration device (222).
6. A method of verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the turbine disk vibration safety verification device according to any one of claims 1-5; S2. Install the turbine disk on the output end of the drive device (11) of the rotating vibration verification unit (1), and adjust the position of the acquisition end of the data acquisition module (13) relative to the turbine disk. S3, the control unit (3) obtains at least the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results and transient analysis results of the turbine disk through simulation analysis; then, based on the modal analysis results, it sets the target speed of the drive device (11), adjusts the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device (12) relative to the turbine disk, and generates an airflow excitation control signal; then, it controls the drive device (11) to drive the turbine disk to rotate and steadily increase it to the target speed; at the same time, it controls the air pump (15), the intake valve (16) and the exhaust valve (17) to work according to the airflow excitation control signal, thereby applying periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk; the vibration displacement signal and strain signal of the turbine disk are collected in real time through the data acquisition module (13) and transmitted to the control unit (3), and the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk are analyzed and obtained. The traveling wave vibration parameters include the working frequency and traveling wave frequency of the turbine disk; S4. Separate the turbine disk that has completed the room temperature rotational vibration verification from the drive device (11), and install the separated turbine disk on the output end of the vibration unit (22) of the high temperature vibration verification unit (2), and adjust the position of the temperature sensor (23) and the acceleration sensor (24) relative to the turbine disk. S5. The control unit (3) generates the target temperature of the heating unit (21) and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of the vibration unit (22) based on the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results and the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk; then, it controls the heating unit (21) to heat the turbine disk to the target temperature and keep it warm; then, it controls the vibration unit (22) to apply high-frequency vibration excitation to the turbine disk at high temperature according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to conduct a vibration fatigue test on the turbine disk; the vibration response parameters of the turbine disk are collected in real time by the acceleration sensor (24) and transmitted to the control unit (3). S6. The control unit (3) compares the traveling wave vibration parameters and vibration response parameters with all the results of the simulation analysis to correct the vibration safety analysis model. Then, based on the obtained vibration response parameters and the corrected safety analysis model, it evaluates the vibration safety of the turbine disk under complex loads, thereby completing the vibration safety verification of the turbine disk.
7. The turbine disk vibration safety verification method according to claim 6, characterized by, Step S3 is as follows: S3.1 Setting rotation control parameters S3.1.1, Control unit (3) obtains at least the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results and transient analysis results of the turbine disk through simulation analysis; S3.1.2, The control unit (3) determines the working mode of the turbine disk based on the modal analysis results, and generates the target speed and airflow excitation parameters of the drive device (11) accordingly; the working mode includes the number of nodal diameters, mode shape and corresponding critical speed; S3.1.3, Control unit (3) determines the resonant speed range according to the target speed; adjusts the position and attitude of the airflow disturbance device (12) relative to the turbine disk according to the airflow excitation parameters, and generates airflow excitation control signals to control the operation of air pump (15), intake valve (16) and exhaust valve (17); S3.2, Rotational Vibration Verification S3.2.1, The control unit (3) controls the drive device (11) to drive the turbine disk to rotate and steadily increase the speed; S3.2.2 During the speed increase process, when the speed reaches the preset difference before the resonance speed range, the air pump (15), the intake valve (16) and the exhaust valve (17) are controlled to work according to the airflow excitation control signal, so as to apply periodic airflow excitation to the rotating turbine disk to simulate the airflow disturbance of the turbine disk when it is actually working. S3.2.3, Data acquisition module (13) acquires the vibration displacement signal and strain signal of the turbine disk in real time and transmits them to the control unit (3). S3.2.4, Control Unit (3) Based on the strain modal method and the three-point theory, the vibration displacement signal and strain signal are analyzed to obtain the traveling wave vibration parameters of the turbine disk, so as to complete the room temperature rotation vibration verification of the turbine disk.
8. The turbine disk vibration safety verification method of claim 7, wherein, Between steps S3.1 and S3.2, there is also a step to determine the rationality of the airflow excitation parameters: The control unit (3) controls the drive device (11) to rotate at low speed and collects the strain signal at this time as a reference value through the data acquisition module (13). Then, it controls the air pump (15), the intake valve (16) and the exhaust valve (17) to work and apply periodic airflow excitation to the turbine disk. The strain signal is collected again as the excitation value. The difference between the excitation value and the reference value is compared to determine whether the airflow excitation parameters are reasonable. If so, step S3.2 is executed. If not, step S3.1 is returned to redetermine the airflow excitation parameters.
9. The turbine disk vibration safety verification method of claim 6, wherein, Step S5 is as follows: S5.1 Setting High-Temperature Vibration Control Parameters S5.1.1, Control unit (3) determines the frequency range for vibration fatigue testing of turbine disk based on the modal analysis results, harmonic response analysis results, and the working frequency and traveling wave frequency of turbine disk; S5.1.2, The control unit (3) generates the target temperature of the heating unit (21) and the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal of the vibration unit (22) according to the frequency range and temperature range of the vibration fatigue test; S5.2 The control unit (3) controls the operation of the heating unit (21) and the vibration unit (22); then, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor (23) and the acceleration sensor (24), it determines whether the temperature and vibration have reached the set value and stabilized; if yes, then proceed to step S5.3; if no, then stop the verification. S5.3 High-Temperature Vibration Verification S5.3.1, Control unit (3) controls heating unit (21) to heat turbine disk to target temperature and maintain temperature; S5.3.2, The control unit (3) controls the vibration unit (22) to sweep the frequency of the turbine disk according to the high-frequency vibration excitation control signal to determine the actual resonance frequency; then, the vibration excitation is applied to the turbine disk within the determined dwell frequency range to carry out vibration fatigue test; S5.3.3 The vibration response parameters of the turbine disk are collected in real time by the accelerometer (24) and transmitted to the control unit (3).
10. The method for verifying the vibration safety of a turbine disk according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5.3.2, a narrow-band random method is used to conduct vibration fatigue tests, with ±50Hz of the dwell frequency as the test frequency range, and the strain value and test time of the turbine disk test point are recorded.