Back contact cell string encapsulation process and back contact cell string encapsulation apparatus

Abstract

This application provides a back-contact battery string packaging process, in which a front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is transported to an assembly station; a transport mechanism picks up the battery string from the previous process and constrains it to a straight position, and the transport mechanism transfers the battery string to the assembly station, so that the blue film side of the battery string is attached to the skin film. The transport mechanism constrains the battery string to a straight position during the transfer process; a heating element heats the battery string at the assembly station to fix the battery string to the skin film; the transport mechanism returns to the previous process to pick up the next battery string; after the battery string at the assembly station reaches a predetermined number, busbars are welded to each battery string to interconnect the battery strings. This application uses a conveying mechanism to press the battery string, which is constrained to a flat state, against the skin membrane. Then, a heating element heats each cell in the battery string, causing the skin membrane beneath the cell to melt and thus fix the cell to the skin membrane. After the conveying mechanism releases the battery string, due to the constraint of the skin membrane on the cell, the warping deformation of each cell in the battery string is no more than 1mm, which meets the parameter requirements of photovoltaic modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module manufacturing, specifically a back-contact battery string encapsulation process and back-contact battery string encapsulation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The positive and negative electrodes of the back-contact solar cell are both arranged on the back side of the cell, and there are no electrode grid lines obstructing the front side. Therefore, the solder ribbons in the battery string composed of back-contact solar cells are arranged on the back side of each solar cell. Each set of solder ribbons connects the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent solar cells respectively, realizing the electrical connection of the battery string.

[0003] Back-contact battery strings are typically constructed by heating the cells and attaching solder ribbons to the back of the cells. During the heating process, both the solder ribbons and cells expand due to the high temperature. However, the silicon material of the cells has a different coefficient of thermal expansion than the solder ribbons, with silicon expanding less than the ribbons. After welding, the solder ribbons and cells contract as they cool. Again, due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients, the solder ribbons contract more than the silicon material. This causes the cells to experience tensile force from the contraction of the solder ribbons during cooling, leading to warping and deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a back-contact battery string packaging process, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: The back contact battery string packaging process includes: The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is transported to the assembly station; The battery string, which is sent from the previous process and is constrained in a straight state, is picked up by the transport mechanism. The transport mechanism then transfers the battery string to the assembly station, so that the blue film side of the battery string is attached to the skin film. The transport mechanism constrains the battery string in a straight state during the transfer process. The battery strings at the assembly station are heated by heating elements to fix the battery strings onto the skin membrane. The transport mechanism returns to the previous process to pick up the next battery string; Once the predetermined number of battery strings at the assembly station has been reached, the busbars are welded onto each battery string to interconnect them.

[0005] This application uses a conveying mechanism to press the battery string, which is constrained to a flat state, against the skin membrane. Then, a heating element heats each cell in the battery string, causing the skin membrane beneath the cell to melt and thus fix the cell to the skin membrane. After the conveying mechanism releases the battery string, due to the constraint of the skin membrane on the cell, the warping deformation of each cell in the battery string is no more than 1mm, which meets the parameter requirements of photovoltaic modules.

[0006] In some embodiments, the conveying mechanism constrains the battery string to a straight state during the transfer of the battery string, including: The transport mechanism includes multiple adsorption components, each of which is used to hold one battery cell in the battery string. During the transport of the battery string, each adsorption component uses negative pressure adsorption to hold the corresponding battery cell and make the battery cell flat against the adsorption surface of the adsorption component. The adsorption component is a Bernoulli suction cup or an adsorption plate, which adsorbs the entire surface of the battery cell. or, The adsorption assembly includes multiple silicone suction cups and limiting members. The multiple silicone suction cups are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell. Each silicone suction cup has a limiting member on each of its two sides. The lower surface of each limiting member is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup. During the transfer of the battery string by the transport mechanism, the limiting members are used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups to constrain the battery cell in a straight state.

[0007] Multiple Bernoulli suction cups or adsorption plates are used to individually adhere to the upper surface of each battery cell with the solder strip. The adsorption area formed by the Bernoulli suction cups or adsorption plates can be the same as the upper surface area of ​​the battery cell, so that the entire battery cell is adsorbed by the adsorption component, ensuring that the battery cell is constrained in a straight state and preventing the battery cell from warping during the transfer of the battery string by the transport mechanism, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element in fixing the battery string to the skin membrane. or, Multiple silicone suction cups in each adsorption component adhere to the middle part of the corresponding battery cell to remove the battery cell. Since the solder strip of the battery string is on the upper surface of the battery cell, the two sides of the battery cell tend to bend upwards. However, the limiting parts on both sides of the silicone suction cup will prevent the two sides of the battery cell from bending upwards, thus keeping the battery cell in a straight state. This prevents the battery cell from warping during the transfer of the battery string by the handling mechanism, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element in fixing the battery string to the skin membrane.

[0008] In some embodiments, heating the battery string at the assembly station using a heating element includes: The Bernoulli suction cup has several clearance holes on both sides along its length. By pointing the heating end of the heating element toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance holes can be heated. or, Each of the limiting members has several clearance holes along its own length direction. By pointing the heating end of the heating member toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole can be heated. or, When the adsorption component is an adsorption plate, the heating element is embedded in the adsorption component. The heating element transfers heat from the adsorption plate to the battery cell below to heat the battery cell.

[0009] By creating clearance holes on the Bernoulli suction cup that do not affect the function of the Bernoulli suction cup itself, the heating element can directly heat the battery cell below through the clearance holes, causing the corresponding skin film to melt and thus bonding and fixing the battery cell. or, By opening clearance holes on the limiting component, the heating component can directly heat the battery cell below through the clearance holes, causing the corresponding skin film to melt and thus bonding and fixing the battery cell. or, The heating element is directly embedded in the adsorption plate. After the heat emitted by the heating element is absorbed by the adsorption plate, the adsorption plate will transfer the heat to the battery cell and skin membrane below, thereby causing the skin membrane to melt and adhere to the battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heating element heats the skin membrane beneath the battery cell by blowing hot air onto the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, thereby fixing the battery cell to the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can fix the battery cell to the skin membrane by applying a laser to the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, thereby causing the skin membrane below that portion of the battery cell to be thermally melted onto the battery cell. Alternatively, the heating element can focus infrared radiation onto the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, thereby thermally fusing the skin membrane beneath that portion of the battery cell onto the battery cell and fixing the battery cell to the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can pass through the clearance hole and heat-press the battery cell to heat-melt the skin membrane beneath the battery cell onto the battery cell, thereby fixing the battery cell onto the skin membrane.

[0011] All of the above feasible methods can achieve rapid heating of the battery cell, allowing the battery cell to transfer heat to the skin membrane below, thereby melting the skin membrane and bonding and fixing the battery cell above.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adsorption assembly includes a plurality of elastic pads that surround each clearance hole, the thickness of the elastic pads being greater than the thickness of the solder strips in the battery string, the elastic pads being used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane. or, The heating element has an elastic element at one end that extends into the clearance hole, and the elastic element is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane.

[0013] An elastic pad is installed below the clearance hole. When the transport mechanism lays the battery string on the skin membrane, the elastic pad presses the part of the battery piece located below the clearance hole onto the skin membrane, which also ensures that the battery piece is tightly bonded to the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can be inserted directly into the clearance hole, and the elastic element at the end of the heating element can press the part of the battery cell located below the clearance hole onto the skin membrane, which can also ensure that the battery cell is tightly bonded to the skin membrane.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the heating element heats the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, it causes the skin film under that portion of the battery cell to melt, and the melted skin film is also bonded and fixed to the front glass below.

[0015] By completely heat-melting the skin membrane located below the clearance hole, the upper surface of this part of the skin membrane is bonded and fixed to the upper battery cell, and the lower surface is bonded and fixed to the front glass. When the battery cell tends to warp upwards, the front glass will also restrain the skin membrane, preventing the skin membrane from warping upwards along with the battery cell, further ensuring that the degree of warping of the battery cell is within an acceptable range.

[0016] In some embodiments, conveying the front glass with a skin film on its upper surface to the assembly station includes: The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is picked up by a conveyor line and transported to the assembly station. During the process of transporting the front glass, the front glass is heated to 50-100°C. or, The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is received by a preheating component, which heats the front glass to 60-110°C. Then, the front glass on the preheating component is received by a conveyor line and transported to the assembly station. or, After the front glass is transported to the assembly station, the lifting and supporting component is lifted and placed against the lower surface of the front glass. The front glass is then heated to 50-100℃ by the lifting and supporting component.

[0017] By heating the skin film and the front glass to 50-100℃, the heating element heats and fixes the battery string onto the skin film. The heating element can quickly raise the temperature of the skin film to about 180℃, ensuring that the skin film melts quickly and improving production efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heating element is disposed on the conveying mechanism. or, The heating element is located below the front glass at the assembly station, and heats the skin membrane and battery string from bottom to top through the front glass.

[0019] By placing the heating element on the conveying mechanism, the heating element can directly heat the battery cell after the conveying mechanism presses the battery cell against the skin membrane, thus ensuring production efficiency. Alternatively, the heating element can be located at the assembly station. After the transport mechanism presses the battery string against the skin membrane, the heating element heats the skin membrane from bottom to top, which can also quickly fix the battery cells and reduce the weight of the transport mechanism itself.

[0020] In some embodiments, welding the busbar to the battery string includes: The end solder strips of each battery string fixed to the skin membrane are raised upwards, the busbar is welded to the end solder strips of the adjacent battery string, and the end solder strips and busbars are pressed against the upper surface of the battery string.

[0021] During the fabrication of the battery strings, the end solder strips of the battery strings are lifted up. After a predetermined number of battery strings are fixed on the skin film, the busbars are welded to the end solder strips of the corresponding battery strings, thereby realizing the series connection of the corresponding battery strings. Furthermore, the busbars are pressed against the upper surface of the battery strings, reducing the useless parts in the photovoltaic module and increasing the proportion of the surface area of ​​the battery cells in the surface area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0022] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a back-contact battery string packaging device, which includes a conveying mechanism, a conveyor line, a lifting assembly, and a heating assembly, wherein: The lifting assembly is set at the assembly station and located on the conveying path of the conveyor line. The conveyor line carries the front glass with a skin film on its upper surface on both sides through two belts. The conveyor line drives the two belts to slide and transport the front glass to the top of the lifting assembly. The lifting assembly lifts the front glass to support it and remove it from the conveyor line. The transport mechanism includes a support beam, several adsorption components, a first horizontal drive and a first lifting drive. Several adsorption components are sequentially arranged on the support beam. The lifting drive is used to drive the support beam to move vertically up and down. The horizontal drive is used to drive the support beam and the lifting drive to slide horizontally. The lifting drive and the horizontal drive cooperate to drive several adsorption components to pick up the battery string that is constrained in a straight state from the previous process and transport it to the assembly station so that the blue film surface of the battery string is attached to the skin film. The heating component is used to heat the battery string at the assembly station to fix the battery string onto the skin membrane.

[0023] After the front glass with the skin film is received by the conveyor line, it is transported above the lifting module. The lifting module supports the front glass and detaches it from the conveyor line. Then, the handling mechanism picks up the cell string from the previous process and places the blue film side of the cell string against the skin film, ensuring each cell in the string is flat. The heating module heats the flattened cells, causing the skin film beneath the cells to melt and bond, securing the cells in place. After the handling mechanism releases the cell string, due to the constraint of the skin film on the cells, the warping deformation of each cell in the string is no more than 1mm, meeting the parameter requirements of the photovoltaic module.

[0024] In some embodiments, the adsorption component is a Bernoulli suction cup or an adsorption plate, which adsorbs the entire surface of the corresponding battery cell. or, The adsorption assembly includes multiple silicone suction cups and limiting members. The multiple silicone suction cups are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell. Each silicone suction cup has a limiting member on each of its two sides. The lower surface of each limiting member is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup. During the transfer of the battery string by the transport mechanism, the limiting members are used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups to constrain the battery cell in a straight state.

[0025] Multiple Bernoulli suction cups are used to hold the upper surface of each battery cell with the solder strip. The adsorption area of ​​the Bernoulli suction cup can be the same as the upper surface area of ​​the battery cell, so that the entire battery cell is held by the Bernoulli suction cup, ensuring that the battery cell is constrained in a straight state and preventing the battery cell from warping during the transfer of the battery string by the handling mechanism, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element to fix the battery string on the skin membrane. or, Multiple silicone suction cups in each adsorption component adhere to the middle part of the corresponding battery cell to remove the battery cell. Since the solder strip of the battery string is on the upper surface of the battery cell, the two sides of the battery cell tend to bend upwards. However, the limiting parts on both sides of the silicone suction cup will prevent the two sides of the battery cell from bending upwards, thus keeping the battery cell in a straight state. This prevents the battery cell from warping during the transfer of the battery string by the handling mechanism, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element in fixing the battery string to the skin membrane.

[0026] In some embodiments, clearance holes are provided on both sides of each of the Bernoulli suction cups along the length direction. The heating assembly includes a plurality of heating elements mounted on the support beam. Each heating element is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the clearance hole. By pointing the heating end of the heating element toward the clearance hole or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole is heated. or, Each of the limiting members has several clearance holes along its own length direction. By pointing the heating end of the heating member toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole can be heated. or, When the adsorption component is an adsorption plate, the heating element is embedded in the adsorption component. The heating element transfers heat from the adsorption plate to the battery cell below to heat the battery cell.

[0027] By creating clearance holes on the Bernoulli suction cup that do not affect the function of the Bernoulli suction cup itself, the heating element can directly heat the battery cell below through the clearance holes, causing the corresponding skin film to melt and thus bonding and fixing the battery cell. or, By creating clearance holes in the limiting component, the heating component can directly heat the battery cell below through the clearance holes, causing the corresponding skin film to melt and thus bonding and fixing the battery cell.

[0028] In some embodiments, the heating element is a laser generator or an infrared point-focusing heater, the heating element is located above the corresponding clearance hole, and the heating end of the heating element faces into the clearance hole so as to transfer heat to the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole; or, The heating element includes a heater and a guide tube. The heater is located at the top of the guide tube, and the bottom of the guide tube is inserted into a corresponding clearance hole. The heater is a hot air blower, and the guide tube is made of ultra-thin aerogel composite paper, aerogel membrane, ceramic fiber paper, glass fiber paper, polyimide, or micro-nano porous ceramic. or, The heating element includes a heater and a guide cylinder. The heater is located at the top of the guide cylinder and is an electric heating element. The bottom end of the guide cylinder is inserted into a corresponding clearance hole. The heater is inserted into the guide cylinder. The guide cylinder is made of copper, aluminum alloy, aluminum nitride ceramic, alumina ceramic, or stainless steel.

[0029] All of the above feasible methods can achieve rapid heating of the battery cell, allowing the battery cell to transfer heat to the skin membrane below, thereby melting the skin membrane and bonding and fixing the battery cell above.

[0030] In some embodiments, the adsorption assembly further includes a plurality of elastic pads, each elastic pad being disposed around the bottom opening of a clearance hole, the thickness of the elastic pad being greater than the thickness of the solder strip in the battery string, the elastic pad being used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane; or, The bottom end of the guide cylinder is provided with a pressing member, which protrudes downward from the clearance hole. The pressing member is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery string onto the skin membrane.

[0031] By setting an elastic pad below the clearance hole, when the transport mechanism lays the battery string on the skin membrane, the elastic pad presses the part of the battery piece below the clearance hole onto the skin membrane, which also ensures that the battery piece is tightly bonded to the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can be inserted directly into the clearance hole, and the elastic element at the end of the heating element can press the part of the battery cell located below the clearance hole onto the skin membrane, which can also ensure that the battery cell is tightly bonded to the skin membrane.

[0032] In some embodiments, the lifting assembly includes a support member and a second lifting drive member. The support member is located between two belts of the conveyor line and is used to support the front glass. The second lifting drive member is used to drive the support member to move vertically up and down. The heating component is located below the support member, which has several clearance openings. The working end of the heating component faces the clearance openings of the support member, and the working end of the heating component is used to heat the battery string through the front glass.

[0033] By placing the heating element below the support, the skin membrane can be preheated. When the transport mechanism places the battery cell against the skin membrane, the corresponding area of ​​the skin membrane is quickly heated and melted, thereby bonding and fixing the battery cell and ensuring production efficiency.

[0034] In some embodiments, the back contact battery string packaging device further includes a temporary storage platform and a second horizontal drive. The temporary storage platform is used to receive the battery strings processed by the string welding machine. The temporary storage platform uses negative pressure to hold and constrain the battery strings in a straight state. The second horizontal drive is used to drive the temporary storage platform to slide horizontally to the side of the assembly station so that the transport mechanism can pick up the battery strings and transfer them to the assembly station.

[0035] The temporary storage platform receives the battery strings processed by the stringer and constrains them in a straight position. The platform then transports the battery strings to the vicinity of the assembly station, facilitating the quick removal of the battery strings by the handling mechanism. The temporary storage platform can also be reset to receive the next battery string, improving production efficiency.

[0036] In some embodiments, the lifting assembly is also used to heat the skin film on the front glass to 50-100°C; or, The conveyor line also includes a preheating component, which is disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line. The preheating component is located at the end of the conveyor line away from the lifting assembly. The preheating component is used to cooperate with the conveyor line to receive the front glass and heat the skin film on the front glass to 60-110°C. Alternatively, the conveyor line may further include a preheating component disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line, the preheating component extending from the assembly station to the other end of the conveyor line, the preheating component being used to heat the skin film on the front glass to 50-100°C during the conveying of the front glass on the conveyor line.

[0037] By preheating the front glass and skin film to 50-110℃ through various feasible methods, the skin film can quickly reach the heat melting temperature when the heating element heats the battery cell, shortening the time for the heating element to heat the battery cell and skin film and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the conveying mechanism in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption component in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figures 1 to 5 Includes: 1. Handling mechanism; 11. Adsorption assembly; 111. Clearance hole; 112. Silicone suction cup; 113. Limiting component; 12. Support beam; 13. Elastic pad; 2. Heating assembly; 21. Heating element; 22. Heater; 23. Guide cylinder; 3. Conveyor line; 4. Lifting assembly; 41. Support component; 5. Battery string; 51. Battery cell; 6. Temporary storage platform; 7. Front glass; A. Assembly station. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a back-contact battery string 5 packaging process, including: The front glass 7, with a skin film covering its upper surface, is transported to assembly station A; The battery string 5, which is sent from the previous process and is constrained in a straight state, is picked up by the transport mechanism 1. The transport mechanism 1 transfers the battery string 5 to the assembly station A, so that the blue film side of the battery string 5 is attached to the skin film. During the transfer of the battery string 5, the transport mechanism 1 constrains the battery string 5 in a straight state. The battery string 5 at assembly station A is heated by the heating element 21 to fix the battery string 5 onto the skin membrane. The transport mechanism 1 returns to the previous process to pick up the next battery string 5; Once the predetermined number of battery strings 5 ​​at assembly station A is reached, the busbars are welded onto each battery string 5 to interconnect them.

[0042] In this application, after the battery string 5, which is constrained to a flat state, is pressed against the skin film by the transport mechanism 1, the heating element 21 heats each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5, causing the skin film under the battery cell 51 to melt, thereby fixing the battery cell 51 to the skin film. After the transport mechanism 1 releases the battery string 5, due to the constraint of the skin film on the battery cell 51, the warping deformation of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 is no more than 1mm, which meets the parameter requirements of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] The skin film of this application is a commonly used material in photovoltaic module encapsulation, such as EVA film. The skin film is the same size as the front glass. After the skin film is attached to the front glass, it can be pre-fixed to the front glass by hot pressing, which facilitates the synchronous transportation of the skin film and the front glass.

[0044] After the front glass 7, skin film, battery string 5 and busbar are stacked and integrated from bottom to top through the above process, they can be transported to the next process to continue to stack the second skin film and back plate, and then laminated.

[0045] In some embodiments, the conveying mechanism 1 constrains the battery string 5 to a straight state during the transfer of the battery string 5, including: The transport mechanism 1 includes multiple adsorption components 11. Each adsorption component 11 is used to hold one battery cell 51 in the battery string 5. During the transport of the battery string 5, each adsorption component 11 holds the corresponding battery cell 51 by negative pressure adsorption and makes the battery cell 51 flat against the adsorption surface of the adsorption component 11.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the adsorption component 11 is a Bernoulli suction cup or adsorption plate, which holds the entire surface of the battery cell 51. Multiple Bernoulli suction cups or adsorption plates are used to individually adhere to the upper surface of each battery cell 51 with the solder strip. The adsorption area formed by the Bernoulli suction cup or adsorption plate can be the same as the upper surface area of ​​the battery cell 51, ensuring that the entire battery cell 51 is held by the adsorption component 11. This guarantees that the battery cell 51 is constrained in a straight state, preventing warping of the battery cell 51 during the transport of the battery string 5 by the transport mechanism 1, which would affect the subsequent effect of the heating element 21 in fixing the battery string 5 to the skin membrane.

[0047] or, like Figure 3 As shown, the adsorption assembly 11 includes multiple silicone suction cups 112 and limiting members 113. The multiple silicone suction cups 112 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the battery cell 51. The multiple silicone suction cups 112 are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell 51. Each silicone suction cup 112 has a limiting member 113 on both sides. The lower surface of each limiting member 113 is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup 112. During the transfer of the battery string 5 by the transport mechanism 1, the limiting member 113 is used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups 112 to constrain the battery cell 51 in a straight state or a reverse warped state.

[0048] Multiple silicone suction cups 112 of each adsorption component 11 adhere to the middle part of the corresponding battery cell 51 to remove the battery cell 51. Since the solder ribbon of the battery string 5 is on the upper surface of the battery cell 51, the two sides of the battery cell 51 tend to bend upwards. However, the limiting members 113 on both sides of the silicone suction cup 112 will prevent the two sides of the battery cell 51 from bending upwards. This can also constrain the battery cell 51 to a straight state, preventing the battery cell 51 from warping during the transfer of the battery string 5 by the conveying mechanism 1, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element 21 in fixing the battery string 5 to the skin membrane.

[0049] In some embodiments, the adsorption assembly 11 further includes a cylinder that drives the limiting member 113 to move vertically. After the silicone suction cup 112 picks up the battery piece 51 and lifts it, the cylinder drives the limiting member 113 to descend, so that the lower surface of the limiting member 113 is lower than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup 112. Then, the two sides of the battery piece 51 picked up by the silicone suction cup 112 will bend downward, realizing the function of shaping the battery piece 51. Then, before the battery string 5 is laid on the skin membrane, the cylinder drives the limiting member 113 to rise to a position flush with the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup 112, so that the battery piece 51 is in a straight state, which facilitates the subsequent laying of the battery string 5.

[0050] Each adsorption component 11 may have two limiting members 113, each of which presses against the side of a battery cell 51. Alternatively, each adsorption component 11 may have a single limiting member 113, which simultaneously presses against the adjacent sides of two adjacent battery cells 51, as long as it ensures that neither side of each battery cell 51 warps upward.

[0051] In some embodiments, heating the battery string 5 at assembly station A is performed by heating element 21, including: like Figure 4 As shown, the Bernoulli suction cup has several clearance holes 111 on both sides along its length. By pointing the heating end of the heating element 21 toward the clearance holes 111 or extending it into each clearance hole 111, the portion of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 located below the clearance holes 111 can be heated.

[0052] By opening a clearance hole 111 on the Bernoulli suction cup that does not affect the function of the Bernoulli suction cup itself, the heating element 21 can directly heat the battery piece 51 below through the clearance hole 111, causing the corresponding skin film part to melt, thereby bonding and fixing the battery piece 51.

[0053] The specific number of clearance holes 111 can be four, with the four clearance holes 111 located at the four corners of the Bernoulli suction cup, or it can be six or eight, with three or four clearance holes 111 on each side of the Bernoulli suction cup, as long as it can ensure that the battery piece 51 is stably bonded and fixed by the skin membrane.

[0054] or, When the adsorption assembly 11 adopts a combination of silicone suction cup 112 and limiting member 113, each limiting member 113 has several clearance holes 111 along its own length direction. By pointing the heating end of the heating member 21 toward the clearance holes 111 or extending it into each clearance hole 111, the portion of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 located below the clearance hole 111 is heated. By opening clearance holes 111 on the limiting member 113, the heating member 21 can directly heat the battery cell 51 below through the clearance holes 111, causing the corresponding skin membrane portion to melt, thereby bonding and fixing the battery cell 51.

[0055] or, When the adsorption assembly 11 is an adsorption plate, the heating element 21 is embedded in the adsorption assembly 11. The heating element 21 transfers heat from the adsorption plate to the battery cell 51 below to heat the battery cell 51. Alternatively, the heating element 21 can be directly embedded in the adsorption plate. After the heat emitted by the heating element 21 is absorbed by the adsorption plate, the adsorption plate will transfer the heat to the battery cell 51 below and the skin membrane, thereby causing the skin membrane to melt and adhere to the battery cell 51.

[0056] In some embodiments, the heating element 21 blows hot air onto the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111, thereby causing the skin membrane below that portion of the battery cell 51 to be thermally melted onto the battery cell 51, thus fixing the battery cell 51 onto the skin membrane.

[0057] Alternatively, the heating element 21 can apply a laser to the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111, causing the skin membrane beneath that portion of the battery cell 51 to thermally fuse onto the battery cell 51, thereby fixing the battery cell 51 to the skin membrane. Heating the battery cell 51 and the skin membrane below it with a laser can concentrate the heat released by the heating element 21 onto the battery cell 51, improving heating efficiency.

[0058] Alternatively, the heating element 21 can focus infrared radiation onto the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111, thereby thermally fusing the skin membrane below that portion of the battery cell 51 onto the battery cell 51 to fix the battery cell 51 onto the skin membrane.

[0059] Alternatively, the heating element 21 passes through the clearance hole 111 and heat-presses the battery sheet 51 to heat-melt the skin membrane below the battery sheet 51 onto the battery sheet 51, thereby fixing the battery sheet 51 onto the skin membrane.

[0060] All of the above-mentioned feasible methods can achieve rapid heating of the battery cell 51, allowing the battery cell 51 to transfer heat to the skin membrane below, thereby melting the skin membrane and bonding and fixing the battery cell 51 above.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adsorption assembly 11 includes multiple elastic pads 13 surrounding each clearance hole 111. The thickness of the elastic pads 13 is greater than the thickness of the solder strips in the battery string 5. The elastic pads 13 are used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell 51 onto the skin membrane. With the elastic pads 13 positioned below the clearance holes 111, when the transport mechanism 1 lays the battery string 5 onto the skin membrane, the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance holes 111 is pressed firmly onto the skin membrane by the elastic pads 13, thus ensuring that the battery cell 51 is tightly adhered to the skin membrane.

[0062] or, The heating element 21 has an elastic element at one end that extends into the clearance hole 111. The elastic element is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell 51 onto the skin membrane. The heating element 21 extends directly into the clearance hole 111, and the elastic element at the end of the heating element 21 presses the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111 onto the skin membrane, which also ensures that the battery cell 51 is tightly adhered to the skin membrane.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the heating element 21 heats the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111, the skin film beneath that portion of the battery cell 51 melts, and the melted skin film is then bonded and fixed to the lower front glass 7. By completely melting the skin film located below the clearance hole 111, the upper surface of this portion of the skin film is bonded and fixed to the upper battery cell 51, and the lower surface is bonded and fixed to the front glass 7. When the battery cell 51 tends to warp upwards, the front glass 7 also restrains the skin film, preventing the skin film from warping upwards along with the battery cell 51, further ensuring that the degree of warping of the battery cell 51 is within an acceptable range.

[0064] In some embodiments, conveying the front glass 7 with a skin film on its upper surface to assembly station A includes: The front glass 7 with a skin film on its upper surface is received by the conveyor line 3 and transported to the assembly station A. During the process of transporting the front glass 7 by the conveyor line 3, the front glass 7 is heated to 50-100℃. or, The front glass 7, with a skin film on its upper surface, is received by a preheating component. The preheating component heats the front glass 7 to 60-110°C. Then, the front glass 7 on the preheating component is received by the conveyor line 3 and conveyed to the assembly station A. or, like Figure 1 As shown, after the front glass 7 is transported to the assembly station A, the lifting component 4 is lifted and placed against the lower surface of the front glass 7, and the front glass 7 is heated to 50-100℃ by the lifting component 4.

[0065] After heating the skin film and the front glass 7 to 50-100°C, the heating element 21 heats and fixes the battery string 5 onto the skin film. The heating element 21 can quickly raise the temperature of the skin film to about 180°C, ensuring that the skin film melts quickly and improving production efficiency.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heating element 21 is mounted on the conveying mechanism 1. By mounting the heating element 21 on the conveying mechanism 1, the heating element 21 can directly heat the battery cell 51 after the conveying mechanism 1 presses the battery cell 51 against the skin membrane, thus ensuring production efficiency.

[0067] Alternatively, the heating element 21 can be located below the front glass 7 at assembly station A, heating the skin membrane and battery string 5 from bottom to top through the front glass 7. The heating element 21 can also be located at assembly station A; after the transport mechanism 1 presses the battery string 5 against the skin membrane, the heating element 21 heats the skin membrane from bottom to top, which can also quickly fix the battery cells 51 while reducing the weight of the transport mechanism 1.

[0068] In some embodiments, welding the busbar to the battery string 5 includes: The end solder strips of each battery string 5 fixed on the skin membrane are raised upwards, the busbar is welded to the end solder strips of the adjacent battery string 5, and the end solder strips and busbars are pressed against the upper surface of the battery string 5.

[0069] During the fabrication of the battery string 5, the end solder strips of the battery string 5 are lifted up. After a predetermined number of battery strings 5 ​​are fixed on the skin film, the busbars are welded to the end solder strips of the corresponding battery strings 5, thereby realizing the series connection of the corresponding battery strings 5. The busbars are also pressed against the upper surface of the battery string 5, reducing the useless parts in the photovoltaic module and increasing the proportion of the surface area of ​​the cell 51 in the surface area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0070] The battery string in this application uses back-contact solar cells. The positive and negative electrodes of the back-contact solar cells are both located on the back side of the cell, with no electrode grid lines obstructing the front. Therefore, the solder ribbons in the battery string composed of back-contact solar cells are arranged on the back side of each solar cell. Each set of solder ribbons connects the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent solar cells, achieving electrical connection of the battery string. The front side of the back-contact solar cells is generally covered with a blue film to protect the cell body. Therefore, in the industry, the side of the battery string covered with the blue film is generally called the blue film side, and the side with the solder ribbons is called the solder ribbon side.

[0071] The end weld strips of the battery string can take various forms. They can protrude from the battery cells. After welding the busbar to the end weld strip, the end weld strip can be bent so that the busbar is located on the weld strip surface of the battery string 5. Alternatively, the busbar can be located on the outside of the battery cells. The end weld strip can also not protrude from the battery cells. The end of the end weld strip away from the edge of the battery string can be raised, and the busbar can be welded to the raised end of the end weld strip, directly placing the busbar on the weld strip surface of the battery string without needing to fold the end weld strip. The above-mentioned busbar welding methods are all well-known techniques in the art, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of how to apply them to the solution of this application, so further details are unnecessary.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, this application also provides a back contact battery string 5 packaging device, which includes a conveying mechanism 1, a conveyor line 3, a lifting assembly 4, and a heating assembly 2, wherein: The lifting assembly 4 is set at the assembly station A and located on the conveying path of the conveyor line 3. The conveyor line 3 carries the front glass 7 with a skin film on its upper surface on both sides through two belts. The conveyor line 3 conveys the front glass 7 to the top of the lifting assembly 4 by driving the two belts to slide. The lifting assembly 4 lifts the front glass 7 to support the front glass 7 and remove it from the conveyor line 3.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the conveying mechanism 1 includes a support beam 12, a plurality of adsorption components 11, a first horizontal drive and a first lifting drive. The plurality of adsorption components 11 are sequentially arranged on the support beam 12. The lifting drive is used to drive the support beam 12 to move vertically up and down. The horizontal drive is used to drive the support beam 12 and the lifting drive to slide horizontally. The lifting drive and the horizontal drive cooperate to drive the plurality of adsorption components 11 to adsorb the battery string 5 constrained in a straight state from the previous process and transfer it to the assembly station A so that the blue film surface of the battery string 5 is attached to the skin film. The heating component 2 is used to heat the battery string 5 at the assembly station A in order to fix the battery string 5 onto the skin membrane.

[0074] After the front glass 7 with the skin film is received by the conveyor line 3, it is transported above the lifting component 4 via the conveyor line 3. The lifting component 4 supports the front glass 7 upwards and removes it from the conveyor line 3. Subsequently, the handling mechanism 1 picks up the battery string 5 from the previous process and attaches the blue film side of the battery string 5 to the skin film, so that each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 is in a straight state. The heating component 2 heats the straight battery cells 51, causing the skin film under the battery cells 51 to melt and bond and fix the battery cells 51. After the handling mechanism 1 releases the battery string 5, due to the constraint of the skin film on the battery cells 51, the warping deformation of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 is no more than 1mm, which meets the parameter requirements of the photovoltaic module.

[0075] The first horizontal drive and the first lifting drive in this application are both conventional technologies in the field. Any mechanism capable of driving the adsorption components 11 to slide horizontally and rise vertically is sufficient. For example, the first lifting drive can be an electric cylinder or a ball screw mechanism and a matching servo motor. By mounting the support beam 12 vertically on the sliding seat via a slider rail, the first lifting drive drives the support beam 12 to rise and fall vertically relative to the sliding seat. The first horizontal drive can be a ball screw mechanism or a pulley assembly and a matching servo motor. By sliding the sliding seat horizontally on the base via a slider rail assembly, the first horizontal drive drives the sliding seat to slide horizontally relative to the base, thereby driving the adsorption components 11 to slide horizontally.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the adsorption component 11 is a Bernoulli suction cup or adsorption plate, which adsorbs the entire surface of the corresponding battery cell 51. Multiple Bernoulli suction cups are used to adsorb the upper surface of each battery cell 51 with the solder strip. The adsorption area of ​​the Bernoulli suction cup can be the same as the upper surface area of ​​the battery cell 51, ensuring that the entire battery cell 51 is adsorbed by the Bernoulli suction cups. This ensures that the battery cell 51 is constrained in a straight state, preventing warping of the battery cell 51 during the transport of the battery string 5 by the transport mechanism 1, which would affect the subsequent effect of the heating element 21 in fixing the battery string 5 to the skin membrane.

[0077] The lower surface of the Bernoulli suction cup has multiple air channels for high-speed airflow. When the high-speed airflow flows through the air channels, it creates a negative pressure on the lower surface of the Bernoulli suction cup, thereby adsorbing the battery cell 51 upwards onto the lower surface of the Bernoulli suction cup. Because the Bernoulli suction cup and the battery cell 51 are in surface-to-surface contact, it can be ensured that the entire battery cell 51 is adsorbed, keeping the battery cell 51 in a flat state.

[0078] or, like Figure 3 As shown, the adsorption assembly 11 includes multiple silicone suction cups 112 and limiting members 113. The multiple silicone suction cups 112 are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell 51. Each silicone suction cup has a limiting member 113 on both sides. The lower surface of each limiting member 113 is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup. During the transfer of the battery string 5 by the transport mechanism 1, the limiting member 113 is used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups 112 to constrain the battery cell 51 in a straight state.

[0079] Multiple silicone suction cups 112 of each adsorption component 11 adhere to the middle part of the corresponding battery cell 51 to remove the battery cell 51. Since the solder ribbon of the battery string 5 is on the upper surface of the battery cell 51, the two sides of the battery cell 51 tend to bend upwards. However, the limiting members 113 on both sides of the silicone suction cup 112 will prevent the two sides of the battery cell 51 from bending upwards. This can also constrain the battery cell 51 to a straight state, preventing the battery cell 51 from warping during the transfer of the battery string 5 by the conveying mechanism 1, which would affect the effect of the subsequent heating element 21 in fixing the battery string 5 to the skin membrane.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, each Bernoulli suction cup has clearance holes 111 on both sides along its length. The heating assembly 2 includes multiple heating elements 21 mounted on the support beam 12. Each heating element 21 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a clearance hole 111. By pointing the heating end of the heating element 21 toward the clearance hole 111 or extending it into the clearance hole 111, the portion of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 located below the clearance hole 111 is heated. By opening clearance holes 111 on the Bernoulli suction cup that do not affect the function of the Bernoulli suction cup itself, the heating element 21 can directly heat the battery cell 51 below through the clearance hole 111, causing the corresponding skin membrane portion to melt and thus bonding and fixing the battery cell 51.

[0081] or, Each limiting member 113 has several clearance holes 111 along its length. By pointing the heating end of the heating member 21 toward the clearance holes 111 or extending it into each clearance hole 111, the portion of each battery cell 51 in the battery string 5 located below the clearance holes 111 is heated. By providing clearance holes 111 on the limiting member 113, the heating member 21 can directly heat the battery cell 51 below through the clearance holes 111, causing the corresponding skin membrane portion to melt and thereby bonding and fixing the battery cell 51.

[0082] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heating element 21 is a laser generator or an infrared point-focusing heater. The heating element 21 is located above the corresponding clearance hole 111, and the heating end of the heating element 21 faces into the clearance hole 111 so as to transfer heat to the part of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111.

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the heating element 21 includes a heater 22 and a guide tube 23. The heater 22 is located at the top of the guide tube 23, and the bottom end of the guide tube 23 is inserted into the corresponding clearance hole 111. The heater 22 is a hot air blower, and the guide tube 23 is made of ultra-thin aerogel composite paper, aerogel membrane, ceramic fiber paper, glass fiber paper, polyimide or micro-nano porous ceramic. or, The heating element 21 includes a heater 22 and a guide cylinder 23. The heater 22 is located at the top of the guide cylinder 23, and the bottom of the guide cylinder 23 is inserted into the corresponding clearance hole 111. The heater 22 is an electric heating element. The guide cylinder 23 is made of copper, aluminum alloy, aluminum nitride ceramic, alumina ceramic or stainless steel.

[0084] All of the above-mentioned feasible methods can achieve rapid heating of the battery cell 51, allowing the battery cell 51 to transfer heat to the skin membrane below, thereby melting the skin membrane and bonding and fixing the battery cell 51 above.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the adsorption assembly 11 also includes multiple elastic pads 13, each elastic pad 13 surrounding the bottom opening of a clearance hole 111. The thickness of the elastic pad 13 is greater than the thickness of the solder strip in the battery string 5. The elastic pad 13 is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell 51 firmly onto the skin membrane. By setting the elastic pad 13 below the clearance hole 111, when the transport mechanism 1 lays the battery string 5 on the skin membrane, the portion of the battery cell 51 located below the clearance hole 111 is pressed firmly onto the skin membrane by the elastic pad 13, thus ensuring that the battery cell 51 is tightly adhered to the skin membrane.

[0086] Figure 4 There are four clearance holes 111 in total. In order to show the positions of the clearance holes 111 and the elastic pads 13 at the same time, the elastic pads 13 on two clearance holes 111 are hidden. Therefore, in actual use, there is an elastic pad 13 at each clearance hole 111.

[0087] or, The bottom end of the guide cylinder 23 is provided with a pressing member, which protrudes downward from the clearance hole 111. The pressing member is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery string 5 onto the skin membrane. The heating member 21 extends directly into the clearance hole 111. The elastic member at the end of the heating member 21 presses the part of the battery piece 51 located below the clearance hole 111 onto the skin membrane, which also ensures that the battery piece 51 is tightly adhered to the skin membrane.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lifting assembly 4 includes a support member 41 and a second lifting drive member. The support member 41 is located between the two belts of the conveyor line 3 and is used to support the front glass 7. The second lifting drive member is used to drive the support member 41 to move vertically. The second lifting drive member is a conventional technical means in this field and can be an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, as long as it can drive the support member 41 to move vertically smoothly.

[0089] After the busbar is welded to the battery string 5, the second lifting drive lowers the support 41, so that the front glass 7 returns to the conveyor line 3. The conveyor line 3 transports the busbar, battery string 5, skin film and front glass 7 fixed together to the next process.

[0090] The upper surface of the support member 41 is provided with two clearance grooves, which allow the upper belts of the two belts of the conveyor line 3 to pass through respectively. Without affecting the normal operation of the conveyor line 3, the support member 41 can realize the lifting function.

[0091] In some embodiments, the heating component 2 is located below the support member 41, which has several clearance openings. The working end of the heating component 2 faces the clearance openings of the support member 41, and the working end of the heating component 2 is used to heat the battery string 5 through the front glass 7. By placing the heating component 2 below the support member 41, the skin film can be preheated. After the conveying mechanism 1 attaches the battery piece 51 to the skin film, the corresponding area of ​​the skin film is quickly heat-melted, thereby bonding and fixing the battery piece 51, ensuring production efficiency.

[0092] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the back-contact battery string 5 packaging equipment also includes a temporary storage platform 6 and a second horizontal drive component. The temporary storage platform 6 is used to receive the battery string 5 processed by the stringer. The temporary storage platform 6 uses negative pressure to hold and constrain the battery string 5 in a straight position. The second horizontal drive component is used to drive the temporary storage platform 6 to slide horizontally to the side of the assembly station A, so that the transport mechanism 1 can pick up the battery string 5 and transfer it to the assembly station A. By receiving the battery string 5 processed by the stringer through the temporary storage platform 6 and constraining the battery string 5 in a straight position, the temporary storage platform 6 transports the battery string 5 to the vicinity of the assembly station A, making it convenient for the transport mechanism 1 to quickly remove the battery string 5. The temporary storage platform 6 can also be reset to receive the next battery string 5, improving production efficiency.

[0093] The temporary storage platform 6 can also hold the battery cell 51 by multiple Bernoulli suction cups, or it can consist of several suction holes. Air is drawn from these suction holes by a vacuum device within the temporary storage platform 6, causing the battery cell 51 to be held in place. The temporary storage platform 6 is a conventional technique in this field and requires no further explanation. The main innovation of this application lies in using the temporary storage platform 6 in the packaging process.

[0094] In some embodiments, the support member 41 is provided with multiple electric heating rods, and the support assembly 4 is also used to heat the skin film on the front glass 7 to 50-100°C. or, The conveyor line 3 also includes a preheating component, which is disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line 3. The preheating component is located at the end of the conveyor line 3 away from the lifting assembly 4. The preheating component is used to cooperate with the conveyor line 3 to receive the front glass 7 and heat the skin film on the front glass 7 to 60-110°C. Alternatively, the conveyor line 3 may also include a preheating component disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line 3. The preheating component extends from the assembly station A to the other end of the conveyor line 3. The preheating component is used to heat the skin film on the front glass 7 to 50-100°C during the conveyor line 3 conveying the front glass 7.

[0095] Before the heating element 21 heats the battery cell 51, the front glass 7 and the skin film are preheated to 50-110°C using various feasible methods. When the heating element 21 heats the battery cell 51, the skin film can quickly reach the melting temperature, shortening the time for the heating element 21 to heat the battery cell 51 and the skin film, thus improving production efficiency.

[0096] The foregoing has provided a sufficiently detailed and specific description of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the descriptions in the embodiments are merely exemplary, and all changes made without departing from the true spirit and scope of this application should fall within the protection scope of this application. The scope of protection claimed in this application is defined by the claims, not by the above descriptions in the embodiments. Furthermore, the embodiments mentioned in this application are not limited to a single implementation; some embodiments can also be combined.

Claims

1. A back contact cell string encapsulation process, characterized by, The back contact battery string packaging process includes: The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is transported to the assembly station; The battery string is picked up by the transport mechanism from the previous process and is constrained in a straight state. The transport mechanism transfers the battery string to the assembly station so that the blue film side of the battery string is attached to the skin film. The transport mechanism constrains the battery string in a straight state during the transfer process. The battery strings at the assembly station are heated by heating elements to fix the battery strings onto the skin membrane. The transport mechanism returns to the previous process to pick up the next battery string; Once the predetermined number of battery strings at the assembly station has been reached, the busbars are welded onto each battery string to interconnect them.

2. The back contact cell string encapsulation process of claim 1, wherein, The transport mechanism constrains the battery string to a straight state during the transfer process, including: The transport mechanism includes multiple adsorption components, each of which is used to hold one battery cell in the battery string. During the transport of the battery string, each adsorption component uses negative pressure adsorption to hold the corresponding battery cell and make the battery cell flat against the adsorption surface of the adsorption component. The adsorption component is a Bernoulli suction cup or an adsorption plate, which adsorbs the entire surface of the battery cell. or, The adsorption assembly includes multiple silicone suction cups and limiting members. The multiple silicone suction cups are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell. Each silicone suction cup has a limiting member on each of its two sides. The lower surface of each limiting member is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup. During the transfer of the battery string by the transport mechanism, the limiting members are used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups to constrain the battery cell in a straight state.

3. The back contact cell string encapsulation process of claim 2, wherein, The heating of the battery string at the assembly station using a heating element includes: The Bernoulli suction cup has several clearance holes on both sides along its length. By pointing the heating end of the heating element toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance holes can be heated. or, Each of the limiting members has several clearance holes along its own length direction. By pointing the heating end of the heating member toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole can be heated. or, When the adsorption component is an adsorption plate, the heating element is embedded in the adsorption component. The heating element transfers heat from the adsorption plate to the battery cell below to heat the battery cell.

4. The back contact cell string encapsulation process of claim 3, wherein, The heating element blows hot air onto the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, causing the skin membrane beneath that portion of the battery cell to thermally melt onto the battery cell, thereby fixing the battery cell onto the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can fix the battery cell to the skin membrane by applying a laser to the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, thereby causing the skin membrane below that portion of the battery cell to be thermally melted onto the battery cell. Alternatively, the heating element can focus infrared radiation onto the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, thereby thermally fusing the skin membrane beneath that portion of the battery cell onto the battery cell and fixing the battery cell to the skin membrane. Alternatively, the heating element can pass through the clearance hole and heat-press the battery cell to heat-melt the skin membrane beneath the battery cell onto the battery cell, thereby fixing the battery cell onto the skin membrane.

5. The back contact cell string encapsulation process of claim 3, wherein, The adsorption assembly includes multiple elastic pads that surround each clearance hole. The thickness of the elastic pads is greater than the thickness of the solder strips in the battery string. The elastic pads are used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane. or, The heating element has an elastic element at one end that extends into the clearance hole, and the elastic element is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane.

6. The back-contact battery string packaging process as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the heating element heats the portion of the battery cell located below the clearance hole, it causes the skin film under that portion of the battery cell to melt, and the melted skin film will also adhere and fix to the front glass below.

7. The back-contact battery string packaging process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of conveying the front glass with a skin film on its upper surface to the assembly station includes: The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is picked up by a conveyor line and transported to the assembly station. During the process of transporting the front glass, the front glass is heated to 50-100°C. or, The front glass with a skin film on its upper surface is received by a preheating component, which heats the front glass to 60-110°C. Then, the front glass on the preheating component is received by a conveyor line and transported to the assembly station. or, After the front glass is transported to the assembly station, the lifting and supporting component is lifted and placed against the lower surface of the front glass. The front glass is then heated to 50-100℃ by the lifting and supporting component.

8. The back-contact battery string packaging process as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element is mounted on the conveying mechanism. or, The heating element is located below the front glass at the assembly station, and heats the skin membrane and battery string from bottom to top through the front glass.

9. The back-contact battery string packaging process as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The process of welding the busbar to the battery string includes: The end solder strips of each battery string fixed to the skin membrane are raised upwards, the busbar is welded to the end solder strips of the adjacent battery string, and the end solder strips and busbars are pressed against the upper surface of the battery string.

10. A back-contact battery string packaging device, characterized in that, The back contact battery string packaging equipment is used to implement the back contact battery string packaging process described in any one of 1-9 above. The back contact battery string packaging equipment includes a conveying mechanism, a conveyor line, a lifting assembly, and a heating assembly, wherein: The lifting assembly is set at the assembly station and located on the conveying path of the conveyor line. The conveyor line carries the front glass with a skin film on its upper surface on both sides through two belts. The conveyor line drives the two belts to slide and transport the front glass to the top of the lifting assembly. The lifting assembly lifts the front glass to support it and remove it from the conveyor line. The transport mechanism includes a support beam, several adsorption components, a first horizontal drive and a first lifting drive. Several adsorption components are sequentially arranged on the support beam. The lifting drive is used to drive the support beam to move vertically up and down. The horizontal drive is used to drive the support beam and the lifting drive to slide horizontally. The lifting drive and the horizontal drive cooperate to drive several adsorption components to pick up the battery string that is constrained in a straight state from the previous process and transport it to the assembly station so that the blue film surface of the battery string is attached to the skin film. The heating component is used to heat the battery string at the assembly station to fix the battery string onto the skin membrane.

11. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The adsorption component is a Bernoulli suction cup or an adsorption plate, which adsorbs the entire surface of the corresponding battery cell. or, The adsorption assembly includes multiple silicone suction cups and limiting members. The multiple silicone suction cups are used to hold the middle part of the battery cell. Each silicone suction cup has a limiting member on each of its two sides. The lower surface of each limiting member is not higher than the adsorption end of the silicone suction cup. During the transfer of the battery string by the transport mechanism, the limiting members are used to cooperate with the silicone suction cups to constrain the battery cell in a straight state.

12. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Each of the Bernoulli suction cups has clearance holes on both sides along its length. The heating assembly includes multiple heating elements mounted on the support beam. Each heating element is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the clearance hole. By pointing the heating end of the heating element toward the clearance hole or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole is heated. or, Each of the limiting members has several clearance holes along its own length direction. By pointing the heating end of the heating member toward the clearance holes or extending it into each clearance hole, the portion of each battery cell in the battery string located below the clearance hole can be heated. or, When the adsorption component is an adsorption plate, the heating element is embedded in the adsorption component. The heating element transfers heat from the adsorption plate to the battery cell below to heat the battery cell.

13. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The heating element is a laser generator or an infrared point-focusing heater. The heating element is located above the corresponding clearance hole, and the heating end of the heating element faces into the clearance hole so as to transfer heat to the part of the battery cell located below the clearance hole. or, The heating element includes a heater and a guide tube. The heater is located at the top of the guide tube, and the bottom of the guide tube is inserted into a corresponding clearance hole. The heater is a hot air blower, and the guide tube is made of ultra-thin aerogel composite paper, aerogel membrane, ceramic fiber paper, glass fiber paper, polyimide, or micro-nano porous ceramic. or, The heating element includes a heater and a guide cylinder. The heater is located at the top of the guide cylinder, and the bottom of the guide cylinder is inserted into a corresponding clearance hole. The heater is an electric heating element. The guide cylinder is made of copper, aluminum alloy, aluminum nitride ceramic, alumina ceramic, or stainless steel.

14. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The adsorption assembly also includes multiple elastic pads, each elastic pad being arranged around the bottom opening of a clearance hole. The thickness of the elastic pad is greater than the thickness of the solder strip in the battery string. The elastic pad is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery cell onto the skin membrane. or, The bottom end of the guide cylinder is provided with a pressing member, which protrudes downward from the clearance hole. The pressing member is used to press the heated area of ​​the battery string onto the skin membrane.

15. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a support member and a second lifting drive member. The support member is located between the two belts of the conveyor line and is used to support the front glass. The second lifting drive member is used to drive the support member to move vertically up and down. The heating component is located below the support member, which has several clearance openings. The working end of the heating component faces the clearance openings of the support member, and the working end of the heating component is used to heat the battery string through the front glass.

16. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The back-contact battery string packaging equipment also includes a temporary storage platform and a second horizontal drive component. The temporary storage platform is used to receive the battery strings processed by the string welding machine. The temporary storage platform uses negative pressure to hold the battery strings and constrain them in a straight state. The second horizontal drive component is used to drive the temporary storage platform to slide horizontally to the side of the assembly station so that the conveying mechanism can pick up the battery strings and transfer them to the assembly station.

17. The back-contact battery string packaging device as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The lifting assembly is also used to heat the skin film on the front glass to 50-100°C; or, The conveyor line also includes a preheating component, which is disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line. The preheating component is located at the end of the conveyor line away from the lifting assembly. The preheating component is used to cooperate with the conveyor line to receive the front glass and heat the skin film on the front glass to 60-110°C. Alternatively, the conveyor line may further include a preheating component disposed between the two belts of the conveyor line, the preheating component extending from the assembly station to the other end of the conveyor line, the preheating component being used to heat the skin film on the front glass to 50-100°C during the conveying of the front glass on the conveyor line.

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