Gastrodia elata cultivation regulation method based on pharmacodynamic components

Abstract

This invention discloses a cultivation regulation method for Gastrodia elata based on its medicinal components, belonging to the field of Gastrodia elata cultivation technology. This method is applied to a Gastrodia elata cultivation system including a variable resistance nutrient bridging unit. It collects complex impedance data using a four-electrode impedance probe group and calculates the mycelial infection flux index, which characterizes the intensity of nutrient transport, by combining environmental parameters. This index is compared with a dynamic threshold model to determine the symbiotic state: if it is higher than the upper threshold curve, it is determined to be a parasitic imbalance state, and gas-phase blocking is performed to cut off the liquid bridge; if it is lower than the lower threshold curve, it is determined to be a nutrient-deficient state, and liquid-phase bridging is performed to restore the connection; if it is between the two, it is determined to be an effective excitation state, and no injection is maintained. This invention achieves quantitative monitoring and physical closed-loop regulation of the symbiotic relationship, solving the problem of Gastrodia elata rot or yield reduction caused by the difficulty in controlling the intensity of Armillaria mellea infection, and effectively balancing biomass growth and accumulation of medicinal components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Gastrodia elata cultivation technology, specifically relating to a cultivation regulation method for Gastrodia elata based on its medicinal components. Background Technology

[0002] As a heterotrophic orchid, Gastrodia elata lacks the ability to photosynthesize throughout its growth and development, relying entirely on Armillaria mellea for nutrition. A complex dynamic symbiotic relationship exists between the tuber of Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea, involving digestion and dedigestion: on the one hand, Gastrodia elata needs Armillaria mellea to invade its cortical cells to obtain carbon and minerals; on the other hand, Gastrodia elata must secrete lysozyme and other defensive substances to limit excessive infection by Armillaria mellea and prevent its own tissue from being decomposed and rotten. Therefore, maintaining a proper symbiotic balance between the two is key to achieving high yield and high quality of Gastrodia elata.

[0003] In existing artificial cultivation techniques for Gastrodia elata, most methods employ either semi-wild cultivation or controlled temperature and humidity cultivation in protected facilities. To maximize yield, growers often maintain high soil moisture and a sufficient supply of mycelium throughout the growing season. While this consistently high-humidity, high-nutrient environment significantly promotes the growth and reproduction of Armillaria mellea, thus accelerating the expansion of Gastrodia elata tubers, it disrupts the protective balance between the two. When the infection intensity of Armillaria mellea consistently exceeds the digestive and absorptive capacity of the Gastrodia elata tubers, the symbiotic relationship transforms into a parasitic one. The mycelial cords of Armillaria mellea penetrate the protective layer of Gastrodia elata, damaging the tuber's tissue structure—a phenomenon commonly known as "the fungus eating the tuber"—leading to severe soft rot and black rot, ultimately resulting in cultivation failure.

[0004] On the other hand, this cultivation model, which solely pursues biomass growth, leads to a rapid increase in cell volume in the Gastrodia elata tubers due to excessive water absorption. However, the accumulation rate of secondary metabolites within the tubers lags behind the rate of biomass growth. This results in a high fresh weight of the harvested Gastrodia elata, but a low dry weight, and a significant decrease in the relative content of medicinal components such as gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, failing to meet the standards for high-quality medicinal materials.

[0005] Existing environmental control methods are mostly based on static settings of single physical environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. They lack real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback adjustment mechanisms for the physiological state of underground mycelial infection, making it difficult to maintain the optimal balance between effective substance accumulation and disease prevention in the complex growth cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a cultivation regulation method for Gastrodia elata based on medicinal components, enabling real-time quantitative monitoring of Armillaria mellea infection intensity and dynamic regulation of the symbiotic relationship according to the needs of different growth stages of Gastrodia elata. This ensures that the mycelial infection intensity meets nutritional supply requirements without exceeding the defense limit of Gastrodia elata, thereby promoting the targeted accumulation of medicinal components.

[0007] The present invention provides a cultivation regulation method for Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components, which is applied to a Gastrodia elata cultivation system, the system comprising:

[0008] The power supply area is used for filling with fungal substrate inoculated with Armillaria mellea;

[0009] The medicinal material production area is physically isolated from the energy supply area and is used to fill the planting medium and Gastrodia elata seeds;

[0010] The variable resistance nutrient bridging unit is a tubular structure that physically connects the energy supply area and the drug production area. Its interior is filled with a porous medium, and its tube wall is embedded with a four-electrode impedance probe group for collecting complex impedance data.

[0011] It also includes an environmental acquisition module, a central processing terminal, and a gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem connected to the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit;

[0012] The method includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Data Acquisition: The real part of the complex impedance modulus is acquired using a four-electrode impedance probe group located within the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit. The environmental monitoring module collects ambient temperature data. Medium volumetric water content ;

[0014] S2. Index Calculation: The central processing terminal calculates the mycelial infection flux index, which characterizes the intensity of nutrient transport in Armillaria mellea, based on the collected data. ;

[0015] S21. The real part of the complex impedance is compensated and corrected using ambient temperature, as shown in the following formula:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, This is the standard impedance modulus after temperature compensation. The original impedance magnitude measured at the current temperature. To measure the ambient temperature, The temperature coefficient of the medium;

[0018] S22, Calculate the macroscopic conductivity value ,in, It is a sequence of complex impedance magnitudes;

[0019] S23, Introduce humidity correction factor Excluding abiotic water fluctuations, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, for Measure the volumetric moisture content at all times. This represents the reference volumetric water content of the hydrophilic porous fiber bundle under standard water-holding conditions. Indicates the water sensitivity coefficient;

[0022] S24. Obtain the mycelial infection flux index. :

[0023] ;

[0024] in, for The rate of change of macroscopic conductivity of the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit at any time;

[0025] S3. Status Determination: The central processing terminal will determine the calculated mycelial infection flux index. Compared with a dynamic threshold model, which includes an upper threshold curve and lower limit threshold curve Its definition is:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, This refers to the number of growth weeks after planting; The effective excitation baseline coefficient, The tolerance limit benchmark coefficient, It is a growth rate factor;

[0028] The coexistence status was determined based on the comparison results:

[0029] like > This is determined to be a parasitic imbalance state;

[0030] like This condition is classified as nutritional deficiency.

[0031] like It is determined to be an effective excited state;

[0032] S4. Control and Execution: The central processing terminal controls the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem to perform corresponding operations based on the judgment result; if the judgment is a parasitic imbalance state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is controlled to inject gas into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit to implement gas phase blocking; if the judgment is a nutrient deficiency state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is controlled to inject liquid into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit to implement liquid phase bridging; if the judgment is an effective excitation state, the quiescent state is maintained.

[0033] The specific process of the gas phase blocking is as follows:

[0034] S411. Open the gas phase circuit, adjust the compressed air to a constant pressure, and then inject it into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit.

[0035] S412. Using air pressure, the free water in the pores inside the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit is discharged, physically cutting off the liquid bridge passage between the energy supply area and the drug production area.

[0036] S413. While injecting gas, continuously monitor the complex impedance modulus. When the complex impedance modulus rises to the preset physical disconnection threshold, stop injecting gas.

[0037] The specific process of the liquid phase bridging is as follows:

[0038] S421. Control the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem to extract glucose solution as nutrient induction solution, and inject it into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit according to the replenishment volume to rebuild the liquid bridge path.

[0039] S422. During a monitoring period after the injection of nutrient induction solution, the symbiotic state is continuously determined. If the symbiotic state has not yet transformed into an effective excited state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is switched and salicylic acid solution is extracted as a signal molecule solution for secondary injection.

[0040] After the gas phase blocking or liquid phase bridging is performed, the following steps are also included:

[0041] S431. Enter the preset relaxation lock window. During the relaxation lock window, suspend the judgment and control of the symbiotic state and only perform data collection and recording.

[0042] S432. After the relaxation and locking window ends, the symbiotic state is reassessed. If it still has not returned to the effective excitation state, an alarm is triggered or the injection parameters for the next time are adjusted.

[0043] The S3 method employs an effective accumulated temperature correction dynamic threshold model, including the following steps:

[0044] S311. Calculate the daily cumulative effective accumulated temperature. ;in, For the first The average daily soil temperature of the day, This is the biological zero-degree temperature for Gastrodia elata.

[0045] S312. Convert the cumulative effective accumulated temperature into normalized physiological weeks. ;in, The reference accumulated temperature required for a standard growth cycle;

[0046] S313, based on physiological weeks As a time variable, a pre-defined growth index model is used. and Update the baseline values ​​of the upper and lower thresholds to match the amplitude of the dynamic threshold model with the nutritional requirements of the current growth stage.

[0047] The S3 also employs a phase angle slope optimization dynamic threshold model, which includes the following steps:

[0048] S321. Calculate the phase angle of the complex impedance. In the sliding time window slope of change within :

[0049] ;

[0050] in, For the first in the window The time sequence number of each sampling day; This represents the total number of data points within the window. For the first The absolute value of the measured impedance phase angle on each sampling day;

[0051] S322, if If so, it is considered effective growth; if If it is not, it is determined to be either stunted growth or decay and deterioration; among them, This is the threshold for determining growth.

[0052] S323. Increase the gain coefficients of the upper and lower threshold curves using the central processing terminal to allow for a higher mycelial infection flux index in subsequent stages.

[0053] S3 also includes environmental compensation and safety protection steps:

[0054] S331, Bioactivity Temperature Correction: Introducing a Gaussian Correction Factor Its value varies within the interval (0, 1], and the upper limit threshold is adjusted in real time.

[0055] ;

[0056] in, This is the optimal growth temperature for the symbiotic relationship between Armillaria mellea and Gastrodia elata. The standard deviation parameter for the activity distribution width is set to 5℃ to 8℃; the corrected threshold is:

[0057] ;

[0058] S332, Central Processing Terminal monitors ambient temperature in real time. And execute the following circuit breaker logic:

[0059] When detected hour, To prevent freezing, the trigger temperature is set to 2 to 4°C. The system then enters antifreeze hibernation mode, forcibly drains the liquid phase pipeline, and suspends all injection operations.

[0060] When detected hour, The high-temperature risk avoidance trigger temperature is set to 28 to 30°C. The system enters the high-temperature risk avoidance mode, prohibits the injection of nutrient solution, and only retains the gas phase blocking function to prevent the spread of disease.

[0061] The control method also includes output forecasting, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0062] S51. Set the basal metabolic consumption threshold for Gastrodia elata. The effective nutrient accumulation is obtained by integrating the portion of the mycelial infection flux index that exceeds the basal metabolic consumption threshold throughout the entire planting cycle over time. ;

[0063] ;

[0064] in, For the first Each sampling time; This represents the total number of sampling points up to the current time. The sampling interval; For the first The measured and corrected mycelial infection flux index at each time point;

[0065] S52. Establish effective nutrient accumulation. With the wet weight of Gastrodia elata tubers The conversion model between them is shown in the following formula:

[0066] ;

[0067] in, This refers to the total weight of the hemp seeds at the initial sowing stage. The nutrient-to-biomass conversion coefficient characterizes the efficiency of converting a unit flux integral into tuber wet weight. This is the variety correction factor.

[0068] The regulation method also includes maturity hardening regulation, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0069] S61. Calculate the average daily weight gain rate of the estimated wet weight as the marginal benefit index. :

[0070] ;

[0071] in, For sliding calculation windows;

[0072] S62. When the marginal benefit index is continuously lower than the preset growth stagnation threshold, the main growth stage is determined to have ended.

[0073] S63. Enter mature hardening mode, forcibly reducing the upper threshold in the dynamic threshold model. The value is used to promote tuber dehydration and hardening by restricting nutrient input.

[0074] The control method also includes harvesting decisions, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0075] S71. Under the mature hardening mode, count the cumulative number of hours when the ambient temperature is below the low-temperature dormancy threshold. :

[0076] ;

[0077] Among them, the discriminant coefficient Defined as: when the first Ambient temperature on the sampling day hour, ,otherwise ;

[0078] S72. When the marginal benefit index continues to be lower than the growth stagnation threshold and the cumulative number of hours reaches the preset target dormancy time, the central processing terminal generates a harvesting prompt signal.

[0079] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0080] (1) This invention utilizes a four-electrode impedance probe array to construct a non-destructive online monitoring system. Through temperature and moisture content compensation, a standardized mycelial infection flux index is calculated. This index can reflect the nutrient transport intensity of Armillaria mellea in real time and quantitatively, overcoming the lag and blindness of traditional planting that relies on experience-based judgment, and providing objective data support for precise regulation.

[0081] (2) This invention achieves reversible physical control of the material transport channel by using a variable resistance nutrient bridging unit in conjunction with a gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem. Gas-phase blockade is implemented when parasitic imbalance occurs, and liquid-phase bridging is implemented when nutrients are scarce, dynamically maintaining the symbiotic system in an effective excited state. This strategy, while ensuring the basic growth of Gastrodia elata, induces the synthesis and accumulation of medicinal components such as gastrodin through controlled mild environmental stress, solving the contradiction between increasing biomass and accumulating medicinal components in traditional cultivation, and effectively reducing the decay rate.

[0082] (3) This method uses effective accumulated temperature to correct the dynamic threshold, so that the control standard is synchronized with the physiological development stage of Gastrodia elata; it uses the phase angle slope to evaluate the growth status and realize the self-optimization of control parameters; and it has the functions of yield prediction and maturity hardening control, providing a complete technical solution for the standardized and intelligent production of high-quality Gastrodia elata. Attached Figure Description

[0083] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0084] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the Gastrodia elata cultivation system used in this invention.

[0085] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit in this invention.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem in this invention.

[0087] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the closed-loop control method of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dynamic regulation of mycelial infection flux index in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the multidimensional evaluation indicators between the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention.

[0090] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the decay rates of embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] This embodiment was carried out in a standardized greenhouse, using Gastrodia elata as the cultivated object, and aims to fully demonstrate the implementation process of the cultivation regulation method of Gastrodia elata based on the efficacy components. However, the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to this specific example.

[0094] 1. Construction of the cultivation system

[0095] See Figure 1 As shown, the Gastrodia elata cultivation system used in this embodiment includes:

[0096] Energy supply area: filled with oak wood inoculated with Armillaria mellea mycelium;

[0097] Production area: Filled with sterile river sand and red Gastrodia elata seedlings (generation 0);

[0098] Variable resistance nutrient bridging unit: such as Figure 2 As shown, a transparent acrylic tube with an inner diameter of 30 mm and a length of 200 mm is used. The tube is filled with hydrophilic nylon fiber bundles with a porosity of 45% and an average pore size of 50 μm. The two ends are connected to the power supply area and the drug production area, respectively. The tube wall is embedded with a four-electrode stainless steel ring probe group consisting of two outer current excitation electrodes and two inner voltage measurement electrodes, as well as a capacitive moisture sensor for monitoring the humidity of the medium.

[0099] Data acquisition terminal: includes an impedance monitoring module electrically connected to the four-electrode probe group within the bridging unit, and a module for synchronously acquiring ambient temperature. and the volumetric water content of the medium Environmental monitoring module;

[0100] Central Processing Terminal: A 32-bit embedded processor with a built-in floating-point unit, used for data reception, calculation and control decision-making;

[0101] Gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem: Communicates with the central processing terminal and receives control commands from the central processing terminal; such as... Figure 3 As shown, the gas phase circuit consists of an oil-free air compressor, a 0.22μm sterilizing filter, a precision pressure regulating valve, and a pneumatic solenoid valve connected in series; the liquid phase circuit consists of a multi-channel peristaltic pump group, a liquid storage tank group, and a flow path switching valve group. Liquid storage tank A contains 1% glucose nutrient induction solution, and liquid storage tank B contains 0.5mmol / L salicylic acid signal molecule solution. The pipelines are connected to the gas phase injection valve and the liquid phase injection valve of the bridging unit, respectively.

[0102] The energy supply area and the drug production area are physically isolated from each other, and are connected only by a variable resistance nutrient bridging unit.

[0103] 2. System Initialization and Calibration

[0104] Before transplanting hemp seeds, the central processing terminal executes an initialization procedure:

[0105] Determine the reference moisture content: Fill the bridging unit with water until saturated, let it stand for 2 hours, then drain the water by gravity. Record the volumetric moisture content after stabilization as the reference moisture content. =38%, and the complex impedance modulus at this time was collected as a reference. .

[0106] Inlet air pressure measurement: The gas phase module pressurizes in 0.5 kPa increments. When the rate of change of the complex impedance modulus exceeds the threshold... When the pressure is 1000Ω / kPa, the corresponding air pressure is the intake pressure. =2.5kPa, set gas phase blocking pressure ;in, For safety redundancy pressure, its value ranges from 2kPa to 5kPa, and in this embodiment, the value is 3kPa.

[0107] Contact impedance test: An AC detection signal with a frequency of 100kHz is applied between adjacent electrodes to measure the contact loop impedance between the electrodes and the medium. If the measured impedance value exceeds 100kΩ, it is determined that the electrode contact is poor or the medium is filled with voids. The system generates an alarm signal and prevents the closed-loop control from starting.

[0108] Loading the dynamic threshold model: Based on the growth model of Gastrodia elata, set the threshold curve for the initial stage (first 4 weeks):

[0109] ;

[0110] in, =0.2, =0.8, This refers to the number of weeks of growth after planting. The growth rate factor was used to define the effective stress threshold range for the initial phase (first 4 weeks). S / h.

[0111] 3. Calculation of mycelial infection flux index

[0112] The system uses a 10-minute sampling period. Perform the following data collection and calculations:

[0113] Collect the real part of the complex impedance. Ambient temperature Medium volumetric water content .

[0114] Data preprocessing: High-frequency noise was filtered out using a moving average filter, and outlier data points caused by electromagnetic interference or animal disturbance were removed using the Laida criterion (3σ criterion).

[0115] Central processing terminal calculates sliding window (window length) =15) average of data within the range with standard deviation :

[0116] ;

[0117] ;

[0118] If the current sampled value satisfies If the value is not found, it is considered an outlier and is removed. The value is then interpolated using the previous time value or the window mean.

[0119] Temperature compensation correction:

[0120] ;

[0121] This is the temperature coefficient of the medium.

[0122] Calculate the macroscopic conductivity:

[0123] ;

[0124] And find its first derivative. .

[0125] Introducing a humidity correction factor Excluding abiotic water fluctuations, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0126] ;

[0127] This represents the water sensitivity coefficient, which is taken as [value missing] in this embodiment. =0.5.

[0128] The mycelial infection flux index was obtained. :

[0129] .

[0130] 4. Symbiotic state determination and control execution

[0131] like Figure 4 The closed-loop control process shown will involve the central processing terminal... With the dynamic threshold at the current moment , By comparing and combining trend prediction and hysteresis comparison logic, the symbiotic state is determined and corresponding operations are performed.

[0132] Trend Prediction: The system predicts the future trend of mycelial infection flux index based on historical data. Define Index This indicates how close a historical data point is to the current moment. =0 corresponds to the difference of the most recent sampling interval (i.e. - ), =1 corresponds to the previous difference ( - (This is repeated for emphasis). Linearly decaying weights are used. (i=0,1,...,n-1), so that data points closer to the current time have greater weight. Predicting the future. The formula for calculating the flux index at time t is:

[0133] ;

[0134] in =10 represents the number of historical points used in the calculation. =2h is the prediction step size. =1.2 is the trend amplification factor. When the predicted value is about to exceed the threshold, the system issues an early warning and prepares for intervention.

[0135] Hysteresis Comparison: Set upper bound dead zone width =5% Lower bound dead zone width =10% This avoids frequent start-ups and shutdowns by the implementing agency.

[0136] Phase 1: Nutrient Deficiency and Liquid Phase Bridging (Early Growth Stage)

[0137] 7 days after transplanting =0.05< (0.2) indicates a state of nutritional deficiency.

[0138] Perform liquid phase bridging: Calculate the replenishment volume based on the degree of deficiency:

[0139] ;

[0140] The baseline injection volume for a single injection is set to 10 ml. 10 mL of glucose nutrient induction solution is drawn and injected into the bridging unit to reconstruct the liquid bridge pathway.

[0141] Continuous monitoring after injection, day 10 It rises to 0.35 and enters the effective excited state.

[0142] Phase Two: Effective Excited State (Mid-Growth)

[0143] Days 15-60 It fluctuates between 0.4 and 0.7, satisfying... If the system is determined to be in an effective excited state, it will remain silent and only record data.

[0144] Stage 3: Parasitic Imbalance and Gas Phase Blockage (Late Growth Stage)

[0145] On day 61, the temperature rose to 26°C, and the activity of Armillaria mellea surged. The value suddenly spiked to 1.5. This is the upper limit threshold of the system after temperature correction. =1.2( (See below); and the predicted value > It was determined to be a parasitic imbalance state.

[0146] Perform gas phase isolation: Open the gas phase circuit and inject sterile air at a pressure of 5.5 kPa to force free water out of the bridging unit, physically cutting off the liquid bridge path. Continuously monitor the complex impedance modulus; when it rises to 800 kΩ (preset circuit breaker threshold),... Stop injecting gas when the pressure of the injected gas meets the specified threshold. > This ensures that capillary forces can be overcome to drain the medium from the pores.

[0147] After a 30-minute delay (Δt=30min), a 0.5 mmol / L salicylic acid solution was sprayed onto the producing area to stimulate the gastrodia defense response.

[0148] Enter the relaxation lockout window: set the duration to 60 minutes, during which judgment is paused and only data is collected. After the window ends, the system replenishes a small amount of water to restore the fluid bridge, and the measured values ​​are... The value drops back to 0.9 (effective excited state). If the situation does not improve after the window ends, the system will adjust the injection step size or trigger a manual intervention alarm.

[0149] Control verification: After performing gas phase blocking, if the complex impedance modulus is lower than the blocking judgment threshold... =500kΩ, indicating a failure to block the flow, triggering a second pressurization; after liquid-phase bridging, if the volumetric water content changes during injection... =0.5% / min, indicating pipeline blockage or pump malfunction, triggering an alarm.

[0150] The above-mentioned regulation process is carried out within a 100-day cultivation cycle. Dynamic changes such as Figure 5 As shown, the system maintains the exponent within the effective excitation range through bidirectional adjustment.

[0151] 5. Effective accumulated temperature correction dynamic threshold model

[0152] To eliminate the impact of climate differences on growth stage determination, the system calculates the cumulative effective accumulated temperature daily:

[0153] ;

[0154] in, For the first The average daily soil temperature of the day, =10℃. Converted to gestational weeks:

[0155] ;

[0156] The reference accumulated temperature required for a standard growth cycle (in this embodiment, it is taken as...) =50℃⋅day). Replace physical time t with updated threshold:

[0157] , .

[0158] 6. Phase angle slope optimization dynamic threshold model

[0159] During the effective excited state, the system calculates the low-frequency (1kHz) impedance phase angle. In the sliding window =Chemical slope within 14 days (characterizing Gastrodia elata cell viability):

[0160] ;

[0161] in, The time sequence number of the sampling day within the window; This represents the total number of data points within the window. This is the absolute value of the measured impedance phase angle. If... If so, it is considered effective growth; if If it is not, it is determined to be either stunted growth or decay and deterioration; among them, This is the threshold for determining growth. When growth stagnation is detected, the central processing terminal will adjust the threshold gain coefficient. , Increase by 5% (λ) inc =0.05):

[0162] ;

[0163] ;

[0164] Allowing higher levels in subsequent stages ;

[0165] If rot characteristics are detected (impedance modulus drops sharply and...) If negative growth occurs, then reduce. (λ) dec =0.05) to tighten protection:

[0166] .

[0167] 7. Environmental compensation and safety protection

[0168] To improve system robustness, the central processing terminal integrates environmental compensation and security circuit breaker logic:

[0169] Bioactivity Temperature Correction: Introduction of Gaussian Correction Factor The upper limit threshold is adjusted in real time.

[0170] ;

[0171] in, =23℃ is the optimal temperature for symbiosis =6℃ is the activity distribution width. The corrected threshold is:

[0172] ;

[0173] Safety circuit breaker:

[0174] When detected At 3℃, To prevent freezing trigger temperature, enter freeze-proof hibernation mode, forcibly drain the liquid phase pipeline, and suspend all injection operations;

[0175] When detected At 29℃, When the high temperature triggers the risk avoidance mode, the system enters the high temperature risk avoidance mode, prohibiting the injection of nutrient solution and retaining only the gas phase blocking function to prevent the spread of disease.

[0176] 8. Production Forecast

[0177] Set the basal metabolic consumption threshold for Gastrodia elata. =120, the effective nutrient accumulation is obtained by integrating the portion of the mycelial infection flux index that exceeds the basal metabolic consumption threshold throughout the entire planting cycle. ;

[0178] ;

[0179] in, For the first Each sampling time; This represents the total number of sampling points up to the current time. The sampling interval; For the first The measured and corrected mycelial infection flux index at each time point;

[0180] Establish effective nutrient accumulation With the wet weight of Gastrodia elata tubers The conversion model between them is shown in the following formula:

[0181] ;

[0182] in, The total weight of the hemp seeds at the time of initial sowing is 50g. The nutrient-to-biomass conversion coefficient is 0.06 g / (unit⋅h), which characterizes the efficiency of converting unit flux integral into tuber wet weight. The variety correction factor is 0.95.

[0183] 9. Regulation of Maturity and Hardening

[0184] Calculate the average daily weight gain rate of the estimated wet weight as the marginal benefit index:

[0185] ;

[0186] in =7 days, when continuously below the growth retardation threshold When the yield reaches 5g / day, the main growth phase is considered complete, and the system enters maturity hardening mode, forcibly lowering the upper threshold. Reduce the nutrient input to 60% to 70% of the original value to restrict nutrient input and promote tuber dehydration and hardening.

[0187] 10. Harvesting Decisions

[0188] Under the mature hardening mode, the cumulative number of hours with ambient temperature below 5℃ is counted:

[0189] ;

[0190] Discriminant coefficient Defined as: when the first Ambient temperature on the sampling day hour, ,otherwise ; < and When the preset target dormancy time is reached (800 hours in this embodiment, ranging from 720 to 1000 hours), the central processing terminal generates a harvesting prompt signal.

[0191] 11. Comparison of planting effects

[0192] Three comparative experiments were set up, with 50 holes of Gastrodia elata planted in each group for a period of 180 days.

[0193] Experimental Groups

[0194] Group A (this embodiment group): adopting the above-mentioned efficacy-oriented approach. Index closed-loop control system.

[0195] Group B (Traditional Group): Traditional understory semi-wild cultivation was adopted, with direct contact between the fungal material and Gastrodia elata, relying on natural rainfall without human intervention.

[0196] Group C (Continuous High Humidity Group): A modern irrigation system is used to maintain high soil humidity. No gas phase blockade is implemented, simulating a planting mode that only pursues biomass (yield).

[0197] At the end of the experimental period (Day 180), all three groups of Gastrodia elata were harvested uniformly. Morphological examination was performed on all Gastrodia elata individuals harvested from each hole. Any tuber with obvious soft rot patches (covering more than 10% of the area), collapsed tissue structure, liquefaction, or accompanied by a musty or moldy odor was identified as a rotten / disease-infected sample.

[0198] The results are as follows Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, Group A (50 holes) yielded 625 individual Gastrodia elata plants, with an average fresh weight yield of 450±35g per hole, a gastrodin content of 0.98±0.05%, and a rot rate of 4.8%. Group B (50 holes) yielded 580 individual plants, with an average fresh weight yield of 320±80g per hole, a gastrodin content of 0.45±0.12%, and a rot rate of 15%. Group C (50 holes) yielded 680 individual plants, with an average fresh weight yield of 580±45g per hole, a gastrodin content of 0.28±0.03%, and a rot rate of 35%. The method in this embodiment significantly increased the content of active ingredients and reduced the risk of disease while ensuring yield. Experimental data show that this system achieves efficacy-oriented precision cultivation by limiting mycelial infection flux within the effective stimulation range.

[0199] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not describe all details exhaustively, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification.

Claims

1. A cultivation regulation method for Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components, characterized in that, This is applied to a Gastrodia elata cultivation system, the system comprising: The power supply area is used for filling with fungal substrate inoculated with Armillaria mellea; The medicinal material production area is physically isolated from the energy supply area and is used to fill the planting medium and Gastrodia elata seeds; The variable resistance nutrient bridging unit is a tubular structure that physically connects the energy supply area and the drug production area. Its interior is filled with a porous medium, and its tube wall is embedded with a four-electrode impedance probe group for collecting complex impedance data. It also includes an environmental acquisition module, a central processing terminal, and a gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem connected to the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit; The method includes the following steps: S1. Data Acquisition: The real part of the complex impedance modulus is acquired using a four-electrode impedance probe group located within the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit. The environmental monitoring module collects ambient temperature data. Medium volumetric water content ; S2. Index Calculation: The central processing terminal calculates the mycelial infection flux index, which characterizes the intensity of nutrient transport in Armillaria mellea, based on the collected data. ; S21. The real part of the complex impedance is compensated and corrected using ambient temperature, as shown in the following formula: ； in, This is the standard impedance modulus after temperature compensation. The original impedance magnitude measured at the current temperature. To measure the ambient temperature, The temperature coefficient of the medium; S22, Calculate the macroscopic conductivity value ,in, It is a sequence of complex impedance magnitudes; S23, Introduce humidity correction factor Excluding abiotic water fluctuations, the calculation formula is as follows: ； in, for Measure the volumetric moisture content at all times. This represents the reference volumetric water content of the hydrophilic porous fiber bundle under standard water-holding conditions. Indicates the water sensitivity coefficient; S24. Obtain the mycelial infection flux index. : ； in, for The rate of change of macroscopic conductivity of the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit at any time; S3. Status Determination: The central processing terminal will determine the calculated mycelial infection flux index. Compared with a dynamic threshold model, which includes an upper threshold curve and lower limit threshold curve Its definition is: ； in, This refers to the number of growth weeks after planting; The effective excitation baseline coefficient, The tolerance limit benchmark coefficient, It is a growth rate factor; The coexistence status was determined based on the comparison results: like > This is determined to be a parasitic imbalance state; like This condition is classified as nutritional deficiency. like It is determined to be an effective excited state; S4. Control and Execution: The central processing terminal controls the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem to perform corresponding operations based on the judgment result; if the judgment is a parasitic imbalance state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is controlled to inject gas into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit to implement gas phase blocking; if the judgment is a nutrient deficiency state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is controlled to inject liquid into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit to implement liquid phase bridging; if the judgment is an effective excitation state, the quiescent state is maintained.

2. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of the gas phase blocking is as follows: S411. Open the gas phase circuit, adjust the compressed air to a constant pressure, and then inject it into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit. S412. Using air pressure, the free water in the pores inside the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit is discharged, physically cutting off the liquid bridge passage between the energy supply area and the drug production area. S413. While injecting gas, continuously monitor the complex impedance modulus. When the complex impedance modulus rises to the preset physical disconnection threshold, stop injecting gas.

3. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of the liquid phase bridging is as follows: S421. Control the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem to extract glucose solution as nutrient induction solution, and inject it into the variable resistance nutrient bridging unit according to the replenishment volume to rebuild the liquid bridge path. S422. During a monitoring period after the injection of nutrient induction solution, the symbiotic state is continuously determined. If the symbiotic state has not yet transformed into an effective excited state, the gas-liquid mixing flow path subsystem is switched and salicylic acid solution is extracted as a signal molecule solution for secondary injection.

4. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, After the gas phase blocking or liquid phase bridging is performed, the following steps are also included: S431. Enter the preset relaxation lock window. During the relaxation lock window, suspend the judgment and control of the symbiotic state and only perform data collection and recording. S432. After the relaxation and locking window ends, the symbiotic state is reassessed. If it still has not returned to the effective excitation state, an alarm is triggered or the injection parameters for the next time are adjusted.

5. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S3 method employs an effective accumulated temperature correction dynamic threshold model, including the following steps: S311. Calculate the daily cumulative effective accumulated temperature. ;in, For the first The average daily soil temperature of the day, This is the biological zero-degree temperature for Gastrodia elata. S312. Convert the cumulative effective accumulated temperature into normalized physiological weeks. ;in, The reference accumulated temperature required for a standard growth cycle; S313, based on physiological weeks As a time variable, a pre-defined growth index model is used. and Update the baseline values ​​of the upper and lower thresholds to match the amplitude of the dynamic threshold model with the nutritional requirements of the current growth stage.

6. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The S3 also employs a phase angle slope optimization dynamic threshold model, which includes the following steps: S321. Calculate the phase angle of the complex impedance. In the sliding time window slope of change within : ； in, For the first in the window The time sequence number of each sampling day; This represents the total number of data points within the window. For the first The absolute value of the measured impedance phase angle on each sampling day; S322, if If so, it is considered effective growth; if If it is not, it is determined to be either stunted growth or decay and deterioration; among them, This is the threshold for determining growth. S323. Increase the gain coefficients of the upper and lower threshold curves using the central processing terminal to allow for a higher mycelial infection flux index in subsequent stages.

7. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 6, characterized in that, S3 also includes environmental compensation and safety protection steps: S331, Bioactivity Temperature Correction: Introducing a Gaussian Correction Factor Its value varies within the interval (0, 1], and the upper limit threshold is adjusted in real time. ； in, This is the optimal growth temperature for the symbiotic relationship between Armillaria mellea and Gastrodia elata. The standard deviation parameter for the activity distribution width is set to 5℃ to 8℃; the corrected threshold is: ； S332, Central Processing Terminal monitors ambient temperature in real time. And execute the following circuit breaker logic: When detected hour, To prevent freezing, the trigger temperature is set to 2 to 4°C. The system then enters antifreeze hibernation mode, forcibly drains the liquid phase pipeline, and suspends all injection operations. When detected hour, The high-temperature risk avoidance trigger temperature is set to 28 to 30°C. The system enters the high-temperature risk avoidance mode, prohibits the injection of nutrient solution, and only retains the gas phase blocking function to prevent the spread of disease.

8. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method also includes output forecasting, specifically comprising the following steps: S51. Set the basal metabolic consumption threshold for Gastrodia elata. The effective nutrient accumulation is obtained by integrating the portion of the mycelial infection flux index that exceeds the basal metabolic consumption threshold throughout the entire planting cycle over time. ; ； in, For the first Each sampling time; This represents the total number of sampling points up to the current time. The sampling interval; For the first The measured and corrected mycelial infection flux index at each time point; S52. Establish effective nutrient accumulation. With the wet weight of Gastrodia elata tubers The conversion model between them is shown in the following formula: ； in, This refers to the total weight of the hemp seeds at the initial sowing stage. The nutrient-to-biomass conversion coefficient characterizes the efficiency of converting a unit flux integral into tuber wet weight. This is the variety correction factor.

9. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 8, characterized in that, The regulation method also includes maturity hardening regulation, specifically comprising the following steps: S61. Calculate the average daily weight gain rate of the estimated wet weight as the marginal benefit index. : ； in, For sliding calculation windows; S62. When the marginal benefit index is continuously lower than the preset growth stagnation threshold, the main growth stage is determined to have ended. S63. Enter mature hardening mode, forcibly reducing the upper threshold in the dynamic threshold model. The value is used to promote tuber dehydration and hardening by restricting nutrient input.

10. The method for regulating the cultivation of Gastrodia elata based on pharmacodynamic components according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control method also includes harvesting decisions, specifically comprising the following steps: S71. Under the mature hardening mode, count the cumulative number of hours when the ambient temperature is below the low-temperature dormancy threshold. : ； Among them, the discriminant coefficient Defined as: when the first Ambient temperature on the sampling day hour, ,otherwise ; S72. When the marginal benefit index continues to be lower than the growth stagnation threshold and the cumulative number of hours reaches the preset target dormancy time, the central processing terminal generates a harvesting prompt signal.

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