Temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment and method thereof

Abstract

This application relates to a temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for low-voltage power distribution equipment. The system, applied to low-voltage power distribution equipment, includes: a temperature and humidity sensing unit for collecting temperature and humidity data of the equipment; a power supply unit connected to the sensing unit and the control unit for supplying power to both; a low-power management unit connected to the power supply unit and the sensing unit; and a control unit connected to the sensing unit and the low-power management unit for analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, and controlling the low-power management unit to dynamically adjust the voltage of the power supply unit based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm. This application can significantly reduce battery power consumption and improve battery performance and lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution equipment monitoring technology, and in particular to a temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for low-voltage power distribution equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Low-voltage power distribution equipment (such as distribution cabinets, ring main units, and cable junction boxes) is an important component of the power system. The internal temperature and humidity environment of these equipment directly affects the insulation performance and operational safety of electrical components. Prolonged exposure to high temperature and humidity environments can easily lead to condensation, corrosion, short circuits, and other faults. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the internal environment of power distribution equipment is of great significance.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of IoT technology, temperature and humidity monitoring systems based on wireless sensor networks have been gradually applied to the field of power inspection. By deploying sensor nodes, environmental parameters can be collected and transmitted, thereby improving the level of intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0004] Existing wireless monitoring equipment is generally battery powered, and its operating current usually exceeds 15mA, which leads to rapid energy consumption and short battery life, usually only lasting for a few months. This makes it difficult to achieve long-term stable operation, and frequent battery replacements not only increase the maintenance burden but also significantly increase the system maintenance cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for low-voltage power distribution equipment, aiming to solve the problems of existing wireless monitoring equipment that generally use battery power, whose operating current usually exceeds 15mA, resulting in rapid energy consumption, short battery life (usually only a few months), difficulty in achieving long-term stable operation, and high system maintenance costs due to frequent battery replacements.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment, applied to low-voltage power distribution equipment, the temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment comprising:

[0007] A temperature and humidity sensing unit is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment;

[0008] A power supply unit is connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit, and is used to supply power to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit.

[0009] A low-power management unit, which is connected to the power supply unit and the temperature and humidity sensing unit;

[0010] The control unit, connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the low-power management unit, is used to analyze and process the temperature and humidity data, and to control the low-power management unit to dynamically adjust the voltage of the power supply unit based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the operating modes of the temperature and humidity monitoring system of the low-voltage power distribution equipment include a working mode and a deep sleep mode. The control unit automatically switches the operating modes of the temperature and humidity monitoring system based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm. When the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a first current value is used; when the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a second current value is used, wherein the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA and the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to calibrate the temperature and humidity data based on a preset accuracy calibration algorithm to obtain calibrated temperature and humidity data, and transmit the calibrated temperature and humidity data to a mobile terminal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensing unit uses an SHT45 digital sensor and is connected to the control unit via an I2C communication interface. The temperature and humidity sensing unit has a temperature accuracy of ±0.3℃ and a humidity accuracy of ±2%RH.

[0014] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity monitoring system of the low-voltage power distribution equipment further includes a Bluetooth communication unit, which is connected to the control unit and the mobile terminal and is used to wirelessly transmit the temperature and humidity data processed by the control unit to the mobile terminal based on a preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol.

[0015] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit uses a CC2640R2F Bluetooth chip, which has Bluetooth Mesh self-organizing network function. In this embodiment, multiple temperature and humidity monitoring systems are cascaded through a Bluetooth Mesh network to transmit data, forming a self-organizing monitoring network covering multiple low-voltage power distribution devices.

[0016] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit also has a long-distance communication function, enabling communication within a preset communication distance, wherein the preset communication distance is 200 meters.

[0017] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit employs an AES-128 encrypted transmission mechanism.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power supply unit uses a CR2032 button cell battery.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a method for monitoring the temperature and humidity of low-voltage power distribution equipment. The control unit in the temperature and humidity monitoring system is used to execute the steps of the temperature and humidity monitoring method, which includes:

[0020] Determine the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system;

[0021] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in working mode, a first current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the working mode is set as the first current value, wherein the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA.

[0022] Acquire the temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment;

[0023] After analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, the processed temperature and humidity data are obtained.

[0024] Based on the preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the processed temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth communication unit.

[0025] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in deep sleep mode, a second current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the deep sleep mode is set as the second current value, wherein the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0026] This application provides a temperature and humidity monitoring system and method for low-voltage power distribution equipment. The temperature and humidity monitoring system includes: a temperature and humidity sensing unit for collecting temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment; a power supply unit connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit for supplying power to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit; and a control unit connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit for analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, and dynamically adjusting the voltage of the power supply unit based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm.

[0027] The control unit in this embodiment can dynamically adjust the output voltage of the power supply unit according to a preset dynamic power management algorithm. For example, it provides sufficient voltage to ensure performance during data acquisition and transmission, while reducing the voltage to reduce current loss during idle periods, thus achieving an energy-saving "on-demand power supply" mode. This significantly reduces battery power consumption and improves battery endurance and lifespan. In this way, it solves the problems of existing wireless monitoring devices that commonly use battery power, whose operating current typically exceeds 15mA, leading to rapid energy consumption, short battery life (usually only a few months), difficulty in achieving long-term stable operation, and high system maintenance costs due to frequent battery replacements. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0031] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment.

[0032] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of a temperature and humidity monitoring method for low-voltage power distribution equipment provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0035] Low-voltage power distribution equipment 10, temperature and humidity monitoring system 20, temperature and humidity sensing unit 21, power supply unit 22, low power management unit 23, control unit 24. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0038] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0041] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [described condition or event]."

[0042] Low-voltage power distribution equipment (such as distribution cabinets, ring main units, and cable junction boxes) is an important component of the power system. The internal temperature and humidity environment of these equipment directly affects the insulation performance and operational safety of electrical components. Prolonged exposure to high temperature and humidity environments can easily lead to condensation, corrosion, short circuits, and other faults. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the internal environment of power distribution equipment is of great significance.

[0043] In recent years, with the development of IoT technology, temperature and humidity monitoring systems based on wireless sensor networks have been gradually applied to the field of power inspection. By deploying sensor nodes, environmental parameters can be collected and transmitted, thereby improving the level of intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0044] Existing wireless monitoring equipment is generally battery powered, and its operating current usually exceeds 15mA. Since the sensor is always powered on and the high-power Bluetooth module is always on for continuous scanning or broadcasting, the energy is consumed too quickly, the battery life is short, and it can usually only last for a few months. It is difficult to achieve long-term stable operation. In addition, frequent battery replacement not only increases the maintenance burden, but also significantly increases the system maintenance cost.

[0045] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment, which can significantly reduce battery power consumption and improve battery endurance and lifespan.

[0046] See Figure 1 This application provides a temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 for a low-voltage power distribution equipment 10, which is applied to the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10. The temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 for the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10 includes a temperature and humidity sensing unit 21, a power supply unit 22, a low power management unit 23, and a control unit 24.

[0047] The temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10.

[0048] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 uses an SHT45 digital sensor and is connected to the control unit 24 via an I2C communication interface. The temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 has a temperature accuracy of ±0.3℃ and a humidity accuracy of ±2%RH.

[0049] The power supply unit 22 is connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 and the control unit 24, and is used to supply power to the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 and the control unit 24.

[0050] The low-power management unit 23 is connected to the power supply unit 22 and the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21.

[0051] The control unit 24 is connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 and is used to analyze and process the temperature and humidity data, and to control the low power management unit 23 to dynamically adjust the voltage of the power supply unit 22 based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm.

[0052] For example, in some embodiments, after receiving the raw temperature and humidity data, the control unit 24 may perform the following processing flow:

[0053] 1) Perform linear compensation on temperature data to eliminate measurement deviations caused by PCB thermal conduction;

[0054] 2) Correct the humidity reading by referring to a table based on the current temperature value to compensate for the effect of temperature on the humidity sensor;

[0055] 3) The compensated data is timestamped and stored in the MCU’s internal Flash memory, supporting the storage of more than 30 days of historical data.

[0056] For example, in some embodiments, the control unit 24 dynamically adjusts the voltage of the power supply unit 22 based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, which may include the following process:

[0057] 1) Set the system's work cycle to once every 10 minutes, and enter deep sleep mode the rest of the time;

[0058] 2) At the beginning of each cycle, the control unit 24 outputs a high-level signal to activate the power switch circuit and enable the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 to be powered.

[0059] 3) After the data collection is complete, immediately turn off the power supply to the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21;

[0060] 4) After data processing is complete, the control unit 24 enters LPM3 (low power mode) or power-off mode, retaining only the real-time clock (RTC) interrupt wake-up function;

[0061] 4) Reduce the overall system current during deep sleep;

[0062] 5) When an external mobile terminal approaches and initiates a Bluetooth connection request, the control unit 24 is woken up by a Bluetooth broadcast signal, temporarily enters the working mode, and immediately returns to sleep mode after completing the data transmission.

[0063] In this way, the control unit 24 dynamically adjusts the overall power consumption of the system by controlling the power supply on and off timing of each module, thereby achieving optimal energy allocation.

[0064] In this embodiment, the control unit 24 can control the low-power management unit 23 to dynamically adjust the output voltage of the power supply unit 22 according to a preset dynamic power management algorithm. For example, it can provide sufficient voltage to ensure performance during data acquisition and transmission, while reducing the voltage to reduce current loss during idle periods, thus achieving an energy-saving "on-demand power supply" mode. This significantly reduces battery power consumption and improves battery endurance and lifespan. This solves the problems of existing wireless monitoring devices that commonly use battery power, whose operating current typically exceeds 15mA, leading to rapid energy consumption, short battery life (usually only a few months), difficulty in achieving long-term stable operation, and high system maintenance costs due to frequent battery replacements.

[0065] In some embodiments, the control unit 24 is further configured to calibrate the temperature and humidity data based on a preset accuracy calibration algorithm to obtain calibrated temperature and humidity data, and transmit the calibrated temperature and humidity data to a mobile terminal.

[0066] Because the sensor is mounted close to the PCB, its actual measured temperature may be higher than the ambient temperature due to heat generated by the MCU and power module. Therefore, in some embodiments, the control unit 24 can employ a temperature drift compensation formula, such as the following formula 1:

[0067] Tschool = Toriginal - k*(P - P0), Formula 1.

[0068] Where Tcalibrated is the calibrated temperature, Toriginal is the original temperature value read by the temperature and humidity sensor, k is the empirical compensation coefficient (factory calibration, for example, a typical value of 0.15℃ / mW), P is the current MCU power consumption, which can be estimated based on the working mode, and P0 is the static power consumption reference.

[0069] Therefore, temperature drift compensation can effectively eliminate measurement deviations caused by equipment self-heating.

[0070] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 of the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10 further includes a Bluetooth communication unit, which is connected to the control unit 24 and the mobile terminal, and is used to wirelessly transmit the temperature and humidity data processed by the control unit 24 to the mobile terminal based on a preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol.

[0071] The preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol can be Bluetooth 5.0.

[0072] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit uses a CC2640R2F Bluetooth chip, which has Bluetooth Mesh self-organizing network function. In this embodiment, multiple temperature and humidity monitoring systems 20 transmit data through Bluetooth Mesh network cascading to form a self-organizing monitoring network covering multiple low-voltage power distribution equipment 10.

[0073] In this way, by utilizing the wireless multi-hop capability of Bluetooth Mesh, communication links can be automatically established between monitoring nodes without the need to lay RS485 or Ethernet cables, which greatly reduces installation costs and construction difficulty, and is especially suitable for renovation projects or complex power distribution rooms.

[0074] Furthermore, its Bluetooth Mesh self-organizing network function supports cascading transmission of up to 32 devices and can extend the signal range to hundreds of meters through a relay mechanism, effectively covering large power distribution rooms, park substations, and other wide areas, breaking through the limitations of traditional point-to-point Bluetooth communication (typically short distance).

[0075] (<100m) limitation.

[0076] In addition, because it supports cascading transmission, only a small number of gateways are needed to cover a large number of monitoring points, reducing gateway procurement and configuration costs and improving deployment economy.

[0077] In addition, Bluetooth Mesh has network self-discovery and path reselection capabilities. When a node fails or the signal is interrupted, data can automatically reroute to other paths for transmission, ensuring the continuity and reliability of communication and improving system robustness.

[0078] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit also has a long-distance communication function, enabling communication within a preset communication distance, wherein the preset communication distance is 200 meters.

[0079] In other words, the Bluetooth communication unit is implemented based on the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol standard and configured to support Long Range Mode, enabling a wireless communication distance of up to 200 meters under line-of-sight (LOS) conditions.

[0080] The Bluetooth communication unit uses a wireless microcontroller with an integrated BLE 5.0 protocol stack (such as TICC2640R2F or Nordic nRF52840), and its radio frequency front-end supports two physical layer (PHY) modes:

[0081] LE 1M PHY: Traditional mode, 1Mbps speed, suitable for short-distance, high-throughput scenarios;

[0082] LE Coded PHY: A new long-range mode added to Bluetooth 5.0, it is divided into two encoding methods: Coded S2 and Coded S8. It improves the link budget through forward error correction (FEC) and symbol extension technology, thereby enhancing signal penetration and anti-interference performance.

[0083] In this embodiment, the Bluetooth communication unit operates in LE Coded S8 mode by default, which extends the original data stream by 4 or 8 times, thereby increasing the receiving sensitivity to over -103dBm, which is more than 10dB higher than the traditional BLE 4.2 (approximately -90dBm), significantly extending the communication distance.

[0084] The system can automatically or manually switch communication modes according to environmental requirements: for example, when reading at close range (<10 meters) inside the power distribution room, the LE1 M mode can be used to speed up data transmission.

[0085] In long-distance inspection scenarios such as outdoor ring main unit clusters and cable trenches, the LE Coded mode is enabled to ensure that a stable connection can be established and data reading can be completed within a range of 200 meters.

[0086] Thus, by utilizing Bluetooth 5.0's LE Coded mode, the effective communication distance is extended to 200 meters (line-of-sight condition), allowing maintenance personnel to scan and connect to devices in batches without having to approach each distribution cabinet individually. This significantly improves inspection efficiency, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with widely distributed equipment, such as substations and industrial parks. Furthermore, the long-range communication capability allows maintenance personnel to read data without opening the distribution cabinet doors, avoiding safety accidents caused by contact with live equipment or misoperation, thus meeting the power system's safety maintenance requirements of "less manned, non-contact inspection."

[0087] In addition, in areas with a high density of ring main units or cable junction boxes, patrol personnel can walk along the line, and the system will automatically discover and connect multiple monitoring devices along the way, realizing "collecting data while walking". A single inspection can cover dozens of devices, significantly shortening the on-site stay time and improving the overall operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0088] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth communication unit is integrated into the control unit 24, employing a wireless microcontroller (such as a TICC2640R2F) supporting the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol, and configured with a security subsystem for encryption protection during data transmission. Specifically, the Bluetooth communication unit uses the AES-128 encryption transmission mechanism.

[0089] For example, after establishing a BLE connection with an external mobile terminal (such as an Android inspection APP), the Bluetooth communication unit activates the AES-128 (Advanced Encryption Standard, 128-bit key) symmetric encryption mechanism to encrypt sensitive information such as historical temperature and humidity data, device ID, and timestamps transmitted.

[0090] The specific encryption process can be as follows:

[0091] 1) Key pre-setting: Before the device leaves the factory, a 128-bit encryption key is written into the protected Flash area of ​​the MCU through a secure programming process. The key is not transmitted in plaintext wirelessly to prevent leakage.

[0092] 2) Connection Establishment: The mobile app scans and connects to the target monitoring device to complete pairing (MITM certification optional);

[0093] 3) Data encryption: Before sending data through the GATT service, the control unit 24 calls the hardware encryption engine and uses the AES-128 algorithm to encrypt the data packets;

[0094] Plaintext format: [Device ID][Timestamp][Temperature][Humidity][Checksum]

[0095] Encryption method: CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode is used to increase randomness and prevent replay attacks;

[0096] 4) Secure transmission: The encrypted ciphertext is sent to the mobile device via the Bluetooth L2CAP layer;

[0097] 5) Decryption verification: The mobile app uses the same key to decrypt the data and verify its integrity to ensure that the information has not been tampered with.

[0098] In addition, the system supports a key update mechanism: new keys are distributed through an encrypted channel to achieve remote key rotation, further enhancing the security of long-term operation.

[0099] While ensuring communication security, this encryption mechanism has a minimal impact on system power consumption due to the use of a hardware acceleration engine (the encryption process increases processing time by less than 1ms, and the increase in current is negligible), and does not affect the overall low-power performance.

[0100] By employing the AES-128 high-strength encryption algorithm, attackers can effectively prevent the acquisition of sensitive information such as historical temperature and humidity data and equipment serial numbers of power distribution cabinets through Bluetooth sniffing (such as using tools like Ubertooth), thus avoiding the risk of leakage or forgery of operation and maintenance information due to data breaches and ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of power system data.

[0101] In some embodiments, the operating modes of the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 of the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10 include a working mode and a deep sleep mode. The control unit 24 automatically switches the operating modes of the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm. When the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a first current value is used; when the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a second current value is used. The first current value is less than or equal to 8mA, and the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0102] For example, the control unit 24 is woken up and starts the temperature and humidity sensing unit 21 to collect temperature and humidity data, analyzes and processes the temperature and humidity data, such as determining whether the data is effective and whether calibration compensation is needed, and transmits the processed temperature and humidity data to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth communication unit for the user to view.

[0103] After the data transmission is completed, the control unit 24 issues a sleep command, the power supply unit 22 cuts off the power supply to the sensor and radio frequency, the control unit 24 itself enters a low power mode, dynamically reduces the operating voltage to make the total current ≤5μA, and waits for the next timed wake-up.

[0104] In this way, the system enters a deep sleep mode during non-sampling periods, with the overall operating current not exceeding 5μA (i.e. 0.005mA), which is at the leading level in the industry; while in working mode, when completing data acquisition and transmission, the current is controlled at ≤8mA, significantly reducing power consumption, enabling the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 to achieve the effect of "one-time deployment and lifetime maintenance-free".

[0105] In some embodiments, the power supply unit 22 uses a CR2032 button cell battery.

[0106] Among them, the CR2032 button cell battery has a low self-discharge rate (annual self-discharge rate <1%) and a wide operating voltage range (2.0V-3.6V), making it very suitable for low-power applications.

[0107] Specifically, the CR2032 button battery has a nominal capacity of 220mAh, enabling ultra-long battery life. Under the low power consumption design of this application (deep sleep current ≤5μA, operating current ≤8mA), this feature allows the monitoring equipment to avoid frequent battery replacements after deployment, truly achieving "one-time installation, long-term maintenance-free", which is particularly suitable for low-voltage power distribution equipment in scenarios with wide distribution, closed environment, and long inspection cycle.

[0108] Furthermore, the CR2032 button cell battery is small in size (20mm in diameter and 3.2mm in thickness) and lightweight, which is beneficial for the overall miniaturization design of the monitoring system. The device can be fully sealed and directly pasted or fixed in confined spaces such as the inner wall of the distribution cabinet or near cable joints, without affecting the original equipment layout and is not easily damaged by external forces, thus improving the system's environmental adaptability and deployment flexibility.

[0109] In addition, the CR2032 button cell is a standardized battery model with ample market supply and low cost. Using the CR2032 button cell reduces the difficulty of material management for later maintenance, which is conducive to its large-scale application in power systems.

[0110] Based on the above embodiments, the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 of the low-voltage power distribution equipment 10 provided in this application mainly adopts a three-layer architecture of "sensing layer - network layer - application layer". The sensing layer is used to carry the SHT45 temperature and humidity sensor and adopts the I2C communication protocol; the network layer is used to realize BLE5.0 transmission based on the CC2640R2F Bluetooth chip and supports Mesh networking; the application layer mainly uses a customized Android APP to connect with the cloud platform using the MQTT protocol, realizing the leap from "periodic inspection" to "real-time sensing" of power equipment environmental monitoring.

[0111] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity monitoring system 20 provided in the above embodiments of this application can be widely used in fields such as power, petrochemical, and rail transportation. For example, in the power industry, it can be used for environmental monitoring of substation low-voltage cabinets and cable tunnels; in the industrial field, it can be used for precision environmental monitoring of computer rooms and laboratories; and in civil buildings, it can be used for power distribution management of data centers and high-end commercial complexes.

[0112] Based on the temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment described in the above embodiments, this application also provides a method for monitoring the temperature and humidity of low-voltage power distribution equipment. The control unit in the temperature and humidity monitoring system is used to execute the steps of the temperature and humidity monitoring method. See details below. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a temperature and humidity monitoring method for low-voltage power distribution equipment provided in this application. The method includes the following steps:

[0113] Step 110: Determine the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system.

[0114] Step 120: When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in working mode, a first current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the working mode is set as the first current value.

[0115] Wherein, the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA.

[0116] Step 130: Obtain the temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment.

[0117] Step 140: After analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, the processed temperature and humidity data are obtained.

[0118] Step 150: Based on the preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the processed temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth communication unit.

[0119] Step 160: When the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system is deep sleep mode, the second current value is determined based on the preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the deep sleep mode is set as the second current value.

[0120] Wherein, the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0121] Thus, the control unit in this embodiment can dynamically adjust the output voltage of the power supply unit according to a preset dynamic power management algorithm. For example, it can provide sufficient voltage to ensure performance during data acquisition and transmission, while reducing the voltage to reduce current loss during idle periods, achieving an energy-saving "on-demand power supply" mode. This significantly reduces battery power consumption and improves battery endurance and lifespan. This solves the problems of existing wireless monitoring devices that commonly use battery power, whose operating current typically exceeds 15mA, leading to rapid energy consumption, short battery life (usually only a few months), difficulty in achieving long-term stable operation, and high system maintenance costs due to frequent battery replacements.

[0122] Corresponding to the above-described method for monitoring temperature and humidity of low-voltage power distribution equipment, this application also provides a temperature and humidity monitoring device. This device includes a unit for performing the aforementioned method for monitoring temperature and humidity of low-voltage power distribution equipment, and can be configured in a desktop computer, tablet computer, laptop computer, or other terminal.

[0123] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application provides a computer device including a processor 111, a communication interface 112, a memory 113, and a communication bus 114, wherein the processor 111, the communication interface 112, and the memory 113 communicate with each other through the communication bus 114.

[0124] Memory 113 is used to store computer programs;

[0125] In one embodiment of this application, the processor 111, when executing a program stored in the memory 113, implements the temperature and humidity monitoring method for low-voltage power distribution equipment provided in any of the foregoing method embodiments, including:

[0126] Determine the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system;

[0127] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in working mode, a first current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the working mode is set as the first current value, wherein the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA.

[0128] Acquire the temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment;

[0129] After analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, the processed temperature and humidity data are obtained.

[0130] Based on the preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the processed temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth communication unit.

[0131] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in deep sleep mode, a second current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the deep sleep mode is set as the second current value, wherein the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0132] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program may be stored in a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the process steps of the embodiments of the above methods.

[0133] Therefore, this application embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the temperature and humidity monitoring method for low-voltage power distribution equipment as provided in any of the foregoing method embodiments, including:

[0134] Determine the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system;

[0135] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in working mode, a first current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the working mode is set as the first current value, wherein the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA, and the temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment are acquired; after analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, processed temperature and humidity data are obtained; based on a preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the processed temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth communication unit.

[0136] When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in deep sleep mode, a second current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the deep sleep mode is set as the second current value, wherein the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

[0137] The storage medium is a physical, non-transient storage medium, such as a USB flash drive, external hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, or optical disk, or any other physical storage medium capable of storing program code. The computer-readable storage medium can be non-volatile or volatile.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is merely a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0140] The steps in the methods of this application embodiment can be adjusted, merged, or deleted according to actual needs. The units in the apparatus of this application embodiment can be merged, divided, or deleted according to actual needs. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0141] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0142] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0143] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0144] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment includes: A temperature and humidity sensing unit is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment; A power supply unit is connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit, and is used to supply power to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the control unit. A low-power management unit, which is connected to the power supply unit and the temperature and humidity sensing unit; The control unit, connected to the temperature and humidity sensing unit and the low-power management unit, is used to analyze and process the temperature and humidity data, and to control the low-power management unit to dynamically adjust the voltage of the power supply unit based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm.

2. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating modes of the temperature and humidity monitoring system of the low-voltage power distribution equipment include a working mode and a deep sleep mode. The control unit automatically switches the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm. When the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a first current value is used; when the humidity monitoring system is in the working mode, a second current value is used. The first current value is less than or equal to 8mA, and the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

3. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is also used to calibrate the temperature and humidity data based on a preset accuracy calibration algorithm to obtain calibrated temperature and humidity data, and transmit the calibrated temperature and humidity data to the mobile terminal.

4. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity sensing unit uses an SHT45 digital sensor and is connected to the control unit via an I2C communication interface. The temperature and humidity sensing unit has a temperature accuracy of ±0.3℃ and a humidity accuracy of ±2%RH.

5. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity monitoring system of the low-voltage power distribution equipment also includes a Bluetooth communication unit. The Bluetooth communication unit is connected to the control unit and the mobile terminal and is used to wirelessly transmit the temperature and humidity data processed by the control unit to the mobile terminal based on a preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol.

6. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The Bluetooth communication unit uses a CC2640R2F Bluetooth chip, which has Bluetooth Mesh self-organizing network function. Multiple temperature and humidity monitoring systems are cascaded through the Bluetooth Mesh network to transmit data, forming a self-organizing monitoring network covering multiple low-voltage power distribution equipment.

7. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The Bluetooth communication unit also has a long-distance communication function, which can communicate within a preset communication distance, wherein the preset communication distance is 200 meters.

8. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Bluetooth communication unit uses the AES-128 encryption transmission mechanism.

9. The temperature and humidity monitoring system for low-voltage power distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power unit uses a CR2032 button cell battery.

10. A method for monitoring temperature and humidity in low-voltage power distribution equipment, characterized in that, The control unit in the temperature and humidity monitoring system is used to perform the steps of the temperature and humidity monitoring method, the method including: Determine the operating mode of the temperature and humidity monitoring system; When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in working mode, a first current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the working mode is set as the first current value, wherein the first current value is less than or equal to 8mA, and the temperature and humidity data of the low-voltage power distribution equipment are acquired; after analyzing and processing the temperature and humidity data, processed temperature and humidity data are obtained; based on a preset Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the processed temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth communication unit. When the temperature and humidity monitoring system is in deep sleep mode, a second current value is determined based on a preset dynamic power management algorithm, and the current value corresponding to the deep sleep mode is set as the second current value, wherein the second current value is less than or equal to 5μA.

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