A self-excited random number generation system and method based on nano-photonic PUF

Abstract

This application discloses a self-excited random number generation system and method based on a nanophotonic PUF, belonging to the field of hardware anti-counterfeiting technology. The system includes a light source, a filtering unit, an image generation unit, and an image processing unit. The light source outputs an incident beam. The filtering unit performs spatial filtering and collimation amplification on the incident beam, and filters out high-frequency noise and stray light in the incident beam, outputting a uniform beam. The image generation unit includes a spatial light modulator and a nanophotonic PUF. The spatial light modulator is used to receive the uniform beam output by the filtering unit and modulate the uniform beam according to the modulation source data. The nanophotonic PUF generates a speckle image after being excited by the uniform beam. The image processing unit processes the speckle image and generates modulation source data, and simultaneously sends the modulation source data to the image generation unit to modulate the uniform beam to form a self-excited loop. The image processing unit is also used to process the speckle image to form a binary random matrix, and serialize the random matrix into a one-dimensional random bit sequence as a random number. This application not only features high random number entropy, strong unpredictability, and excellent anti-attack capability, but also has the advantages of good system compatibility and independence from external data dependence, making it widely applicable in scenarios such as high-security key generation and encrypted communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of anti-counterfeiting and encryption technology, and in particular relates to a self-excited random number generation system and method based on nanophotonic PUF. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid iteration of information technology and the continuous improvement of communication speeds, the requirements for information security are also increasing daily. Traditional pseudo-random number encryption schemes based on mathematical algorithms and software implementations are no longer sufficient to meet the application needs of high-security scenarios. High-security communication systems not only require random numbers to possess true randomness, but also require their generation speed to be synchronously matched with the communication speed. Against this backdrop, the development of hardware-based high-speed true random number generation technology has become an urgent core requirement in the current information security field.

[0003] Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) utilize microscopic physical randomness generated during hardware manufacturing to ensure the unclonability and security of hardware. Therefore, a PUF itself is a random number storage device, and the random numbers extracted by a PUF are typically truly random. Nanophotonic PUFs use random speckle patterns generated by the interaction of light with disordered nanostructures to obtain truly random numbers. Not only is the random number generation speed extremely fast, but the random numbers are also stored within the nanostructure, eliminating the need for electronic storage and preventing copying and theft. This makes it one of the most promising true random number generation schemes currently available.

[0004] Currently, when using nanophotonic PUFs to generate random numbers, a two-dimensional random pattern generated by an algorithm is typically loaded onto a spatial light modulator to modulate the laser and generate excitation. To generate a large number of random numbers, new two-dimensional random patterns need to be continuously generated by the algorithm. However, since the two-dimensional random patterns generated by the algorithm are pseudo-random, they affect the randomness of the random numbers; furthermore, the process of generating random patterns by the algorithm consumes computational resources and time, increasing system power consumption and reducing the random number generation rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a self-excited random number generation system and method based on nanophotonic PUF. The aim is to use the speckle image generated by nanophotonic PUF as the modulation source data of spatial light modulator, so as to overcome the problems faced by current nanophotonic PUF in generating random numbers, achieve high entropy and high security in random number generation, and meet the flexible and diverse practical application needs.

[0006] The objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF, the system comprising: Light source, which outputs an incident light beam; The filtering unit performs spatial filtering and collimation amplification on the incident beam, and filters out high-frequency noise and stray light in the incident beam to output a uniform beam. An image generation unit is provided, comprising a nanophotonic PUF and a spatial light modulator. The spatial light modulator is used to receive a uniform beam output from a filtering unit and modulate the uniform beam according to the modulation source data. The nanophotonic PUF generates a speckle image after being excited by the uniform beam. The image processing unit processes the speckle image to generate modulation source data, and simultaneously sends the modulation source data to the image generation unit to modulate the uniform beam to form a self-excited loop. The image processing unit is also used to process the speckle image to form a binary random matrix, and serialize the matrix into a one-dimensional random bit sequence as a random number.

[0007] Furthermore, the image generation unit also includes an aperture stop, which is used to limit the spatial range of the modulated beam of the spatial light modulator so that the modulated beam matches the effective working area of ​​the nanophotonic PUF medium.

[0008] Furthermore, the image processing unit includes an image capture module, an image processing module, and a spatial light modulator driving module. The image capture module captures speckle images generated by the nanophotonic PUF in real time and transmits the image data to the image processing module. The image processing module performs preprocessing, feature extraction, and digitization on the image data to generate the modulation source data required by the spatial light modulator. The spatial light modulator driving module controls the modulation process of the spatial light modulator through the modulation source data. The image processing module is also used to generate the random number.

[0009] Furthermore, the nanophotonic PUF is a scattering medium composed of disordered nanostructures.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF, the method being implemented based on any of the aforementioned systems, the method comprising: The image processing unit generates initial modulation data and sends it to the image generation unit. The incident beam output by the light source is processed by the filtering unit and then transmitted to the image generation unit to generate the initial speckle image. The image processing unit processes the initial speckle image to generate modulation source data, which is then loaded into the image generation unit to modulate the incident beam. The modulated incident beam is then incident on the nanophoton PUF again to generate a new speckle image. The image processing unit processes the speckle image to form a binary random matrix as random numbers.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF proposed in this application overcomes the pseudo-randomness of mathematical algorithms in generating excitations. It utilizes truly random response speckle as excitation, which has higher security. Furthermore, this method does not require a large amount of computing resources to generate pseudo-random excitations, thus reducing power consumption and increasing the rate of truly random number generation.

[0012] The self-excited random numbers proposed in this application based on nanophotonic PUF have high random entropy and strong unpredictability. The speckle image of nanophotonic PUF has inherent physical randomness determined by its microstructure. Using this as the modulation source data can realize the dynamic real-time update of the modulation pattern of the spatial light modulator, so that the random number sequence output by the system has extremely high entropy.

[0013] The self-excited random number proposed in this application has excellent anti-attack capability and high security. Combining the physical non-cloning property of the nanophotonic PUF with the dynamic modulation characteristics of the spatial light modulator, attackers cannot accurately replicate the microstructure of the nanophotonic PUF to reproduce the speckle image, nor can they capture the dynamic excitation-response process of the system. It can effectively resist a variety of common attack methods such as physical cloning attacks and machine learning prediction attacks. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF.

[0015] Figure label: 1-Laser, 2-Objective lens, 3-Pinhole, 4-Convex lens, 5-Spatial light modulator, 6-Aperture, 7-Nanophotonic PUF medium, 8-High-speed camera, 9-Image processor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0017] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Currently, when using nanophotonic PUF to generate random numbers, the two-dimensional random pattern generated by the algorithm is pseudo-random, which affects the randomness of the random numbers. In addition, the process of generating random patterns by the algorithm requires computational resources and time, which increases system power consumption and reduces the random number generation rate.

[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the following embodiments of a self-excited random number generation system and method based on nanophotonic PUF are proposed in this application.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 The diagram shows a self-excited random number generation system based on a nanophotonic PUF. The system consists of a laser 1, an objective lens 2, a pinhole 3, a convex lens 4, a spatial light modulator 5, an aperture 6, a nanophotonic PUF 7, a high-speed camera 8, and an image processor 9. The speckle image captured by the high-speed camera 8 is processed by the image processor 9 and used as the modulation pattern for the spatial light modulator 5. The modulated beam from the spatial light modulator 5 is then used as excitation to re-inject into the nanophotonic PUF 7, forming a self-excited loop. The speckle image generated during this loop is optimized by the image processor and output as a random number.

[0021] In this embodiment, the objective lens 2, the pinhole 3, and the convex lens 4 form a 4F filtering system. The 4F filtering system performs spatial filtering and collimation amplification on the beam output by the laser 1, improves the beam quality, filters out high-frequency noise and stray light in the beam, improves the uniformity and collimation of the beam, and ensures that the beam can completely cover the effective modulation area of ​​the spatial light modulator.

[0022] In this embodiment, the spatial light modulator 5 serves as the core component for spatial beam modulation. It is used to receive the uniform beam output from the 4F filter system and modulate the beam spatial amplitude, phase, polarization, etc., according to the input modulation source data. It can be a digital micromirror device, liquid crystal modulator, deformable mirror, metasurface, etc.

[0023] In this embodiment, the aperture 6 is disposed between the spatial light modulator and the nanophotonic PUF7 to limit the spatial range of the beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 5, so that the beam accurately matches the effective working area of ​​the nanophotonic PUF7 and avoids the interference of stray light at the edges on the speckle image generation quality.

[0024] In this embodiment, the image processor 9 serves as the core of the system's control and data processing. It integrates an image processing module and a spatial light modulator driver module. It performs preprocessing, feature extraction, and digitization on the speckle image captured by the high-speed camera to generate the modulation source data required by the spatial light modulator. The driver module controls the modulation process of the spatial light modulator to achieve closed-loop control of the system.

[0025] In this embodiment, the nanophoton PUF7 is a scattering medium composed of disordered nanostructures. As the core carrier for generating the random characteristics of the system, it receives the beam excitation after being modulated by the spatial light modulator and uses the randomness of its own microstructure to generate a unique and unreplicable speckle image.

[0026] In this embodiment, the high-speed camera 8 captures speckle images generated by the nanophotonic PUF7 medium in real time and transmits the image data to the image processor 9.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 ,like Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of the self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF in this embodiment. The method includes the following steps: 1. Initial Startup Phase: When the system starts up for the first time, since a self-excitation closed loop has not yet been formed, the image processor 9 loads the default modulation template into the spatial light modulator 5. In this example, a full white template is selected, meaning that all pixels are initially in the "on" state. Subsequently, the laser 1 starts up and outputs a 532nm laser. After being filtered by the 4F filter system, collimated and amplified, the laser is incident on the spatial light modulator 5. After being modulated by the spatial light modulator 5 and shaped by the aperture 6, it is incident perpendicularly on the nanophotonic PUF medium 7. Under the excitation of the beam, the nanophotonic PUF medium 7 generates the initial speckle image, completing the initial startup of the system.

[0028] 2. Self-excitation loop phase: After the initial speckle image is generated, the system enters a continuous self-excitation loop phase. The workflow of this phase is repeated cyclically and includes the following four steps: a. Speckle Image Capture: The high-speed camera 8 captures the speckle image generated by the nanophotonic PUF medium 7 in real time at a high frame rate, and transmits the captured image data to the image processor 9 through the interface to ensure the real-time performance and integrity of the image data transmission.

[0029] b. Image Processing and Modulation Raw Data Generation: Image processor 9 preprocesses and extracts features from the received speckle image using image processing algorithms. The preprocessing includes: filtering out high-frequency speckle noise using an optimized low-pass Gaussian filter and performing linear gray-level normalization to eliminate the influence of light source fluctuations. In the feature extraction stage, an adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm is used: the speckle image is binarized based on local image statistical characteristics; pixels with gray values ​​higher than the local threshold are recorded as 1, and those lower are recorded as 0. Finally, the binarized image is resampled and mapped to a binary matrix (1920*1080) matching the resolution of the spatial light modulator 5, serving as the feedback modulation data for the spatial light modulator.

[0030] c. Spatial light modulator modulation: The image processor 9 sends the generated binary modulation source data to the spatial light modulator 5 through the spatial light modulator driver software. The spatial light modulator 5 controls the flipping state of each micromirror according to the instructions of the binary matrix. In the binary matrix, "1" corresponds to the micromirror flipping to the "on" state and "0" corresponds to the micromirror flipping to the "off" state, thereby realizing the spatial amplitude modulation of the incident beam.

[0031] d. PUF excitation and random number output: The beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 5 is shaped by the aperture 6 and then incident again on the nanophotonic PUF medium 7. Under the excitation of the dynamically modulated beam, the nanophotonic PUF medium 7 generates a new speckle image and enters the next round of self-excitation cycle. At the same time, the image processor 9 extracts random numbers from the speckle image feature information of each round of cycle, and outputs them after data processing to realize the continuous generation of highly secure random numbers.

[0032] The self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF proposed in this embodiment overcomes the pseudo-randomness of mathematical algorithms in generating excitations. It uses truly random response speckle as excitation, which has higher security. Furthermore, this method does not require a large amount of computing resources to generate pseudo-random excitations, thus reducing power consumption and increasing the rate of truly random number generation.

[0033] The self-excited random number proposed in this embodiment has a high random entropy value and strong unpredictability. The speckle image of the nanophotonic PUF has inherent physical randomness determined by its microstructure. Using this as the modulation source data can realize the dynamic real-time update of the modulation pattern of the spatial light modulator, so that the random number sequence output by the system has an extremely high entropy value.

[0034] The self-excited random number proposed in this embodiment has excellent anti-attack capability and high security. Combining the physical non-cloning property of the nanophotonic PUF with the dynamic modulation characteristics of the spatial light modulator, attackers cannot accurately replicate the microstructure of the nanophotonic PUF to reproduce the speckle image, nor can they capture the dynamic excitation-response process of the system. It can effectively resist a variety of common attack methods such as physical cloning attacks and machine learning prediction attacks.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF, characterized in that, The system includes: Light source, which outputs an incident light beam; The filtering unit performs spatial filtering and collimation amplification on the incident beam, and filters out high-frequency noise and stray light in the incident beam to output a uniform beam. An image generation unit includes a spatial light modulator and a nanophotonic PUF. The spatial light modulator receives a uniform light beam output from a filtering unit and modulates the uniform light beam according to the original modulation data. The nanophotonic PUF generates a speckle image after being excited by the uniform light beam. The image processing unit processes the speckle image to generate modulation source data, and simultaneously sends the modulation source data to the image generation unit to modulate the uniform beam to form a self-excited loop. The image processing unit is also used to process the speckle image to form a binary random matrix, and serialize the matrix into a one-dimensional random bit sequence as a random number.

2. The self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The image generation unit also includes an aperture stop, which is used to limit the spatial range of the modulated beam of the spatial light modulator so that the modulated beam matches the effective working area of ​​the nanophotonic PUF medium.

3. The self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The image processing unit includes an image capture module, an image processing module, and a spatial light modulator driving module. The image capture module captures speckle images generated by the nanophotonic PUF in real time and transmits the image data to the image processing module. The image processing module performs preprocessing, feature extraction, and digitization on the image data to generate the modulation source data required by the spatial light modulator. The spatial light modulator driving module controls the modulation process of the spatial light modulator through the modulation source data. The image processing module is also used to generate the random number.

4. The self-excited random number generation system based on nanophotonic PUF as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nanophotonic PUF is a scattering medium composed of disordered nanostructures.

5. A self-excited random number generation method based on nanophotonic PUF, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the system described in any one of claims 1-4, and the method includes: The image processing unit generates initial modulation data and sends it to the image generation unit. The incident beam output by the light source is processed by the filtering unit and then transmitted to the image generation unit to generate the initial speckle image. The image processing unit processes the initial speckle image to generate modulation source data, which is then loaded into the image generation unit to modulate the incident beam. The modulated incident beam is then incident on the nanophoton PUF again to generate a new speckle image. The image processing unit processes the speckle image to form a binary random matrix as random numbers.

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