Load triggered mobile platform directional wheel structure and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a load-triggered mobile platform directional wheel structure and its usage method, relating to the field of platform directional wheel technology. It includes an operating platform, a directional component that adapts to load conditions, and a load-bearing component. Each of the four corners of the operating platform is threaded with a lead screw, which is driven by a synchronous motor. A fence is provided on the upper surface of the operating platform, and a door is rotatably connected to one side of the fence via a pin. The bottom ends of the four lead screws are rotatably connected to a load-bearing platform. This invention achieves both flexible control during movement and rigid interlocking when parked by setting up the directional component; it enables platform movement by setting up a braking mechanism; and it provides a micro-directional function when the platform is unloaded and achieves load locking when the platform is loaded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of platform directional wheel technology, specifically to a load-triggered mobile platform directional wheel structure and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] As construction projects become increasingly taller and more complex, traditional fixed scaffolding and temporary working platforms have significant shortcomings: their erection and dismantling processes are cumbersome, labor-intensive, and have low turnover efficiency, making them unsuitable for rapidly changing work surfaces. Furthermore, temporary scaffolding suffers from poor stability and inadequate protection, resulting in higher safety risks for working at heights. To meet the demands of modern engineering projects for efficient construction, tight schedules, confined space operations, and strict safety management, and to reduce material waste and improve operational flexibility, mobile, reusable, and standardized mobile working platforms are gradually being promoted and applied, becoming crucial equipment for working at heights. While mobile platforms offer advantages such as ease of use and flexible deployment, they have become a major source of safety accidents in actual engineering applications. On-site workers often exhibit weak safety awareness and frequently violate operating procedures. Some workers, seeking convenience, violate safety operating procedures and relevant management regulations by having others push the mobile platform for relocation without leaving it, which can easily lead to overturning, falls, and other safety accidents. In addition, the existing mobile platform's directional wheel self-locking is mostly an active locking method such as manual buckle, foot pedal lock, or electric control, which requires manual operation and is prone to forgetting to lock or unlocking illegally. Electric models also contain electrical components, which are not suitable for the harsh environment of building construction and cannot fundamentally solve the safety hazards of illegal operation.

[0003] Furthermore, during movement, the directional wheels of the mobile operating platform can freely deflect, leading to directional instability and deviation when the platform is traveling straight due to abnormal steering of a single directional wheel, affecting driving stability and handling safety. Therefore, achieving automatic self-locking and unlocking of the directional wheels at the structural level, and providing effective directional guidance while in motion to ensure platform driving stability and parking safety, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform and its usage method, which has the advantages of load-bearing self-locking and micro-directionality, and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a load-triggered mobile platform directional wheel structure, including an operating platform, an adaptive directional component based on load conditions, and a load-bearing component. Each of the four corners of the operating platform is threaded with a lead screw, which is driven by a synchronous motor. A fence is provided on the upper surface of the operating platform, and a door is rotatably connected to one side of the fence via a pin. The bottom ends of the four lead screws are rotatably connected to a load-bearing platform. The orientation component includes a guide mechanism for controlling the direction of travel and a self-locking mechanism that is triggered by the load. The guide mechanism includes a base located directly below the load platform, and the self-locking mechanism includes a base plate fixedly connected to the inside of the base. The load-bearing component includes a braking mechanism for realizing the traveling function and an auxiliary mechanism for completing the micro-orientation of the travel. The braking mechanism includes fixed plates disposed at the four corners of the guide mechanism, and the auxiliary mechanism is connected to the braking mechanism in a transmission manner.

[0006] Preferably, hydraulic rods are provided through the short side of the upper surface of the base, and the top of the hydraulic rods is fixedly connected to the bottom of the load platform. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the long side of the base. A guide column is fixedly connected to the inside of the base near the long side. A clearance groove is provided at one end of the short side of the base.

[0007] Preferably, the guiding mechanism further includes crossbars sleeved on the guide posts on the same side, with sliding grooves two on opposite sides of the two crossbars, and sliders one fixedly connected to both ends of the two crossbars. Multiple sliders one are slidably connected inside the corresponding sliding grooves one, and compression springs one are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the multiple sliders one. The other end of the multiple compression springs one is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding sliding grooves one. Racks are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two crossbars, and spur gears are meshed and driven on the opposite sides of the two racks.

[0008] Preferably, cylindrical tubes are rotatably connected to the short side of the upper surface of the base plate. Cam grooves are formed on the inner walls of the two cylindrical tubes. Cam pins are sleeved inside the two cylindrical tubes. The top ends of the two cam pins are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the load platform. The two cam pins are drivenly connected to the cam grooves at corresponding positions. Compression springs are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two cam pins. The bottom ends of the two compression springs are fixedly connected to the top end of the base plate. Two fixed shafts are fixedly connected to the middle section of the upper surface of the base plate.

[0009] Preferably, the self-locking mechanism further includes an L-plate attached to the top of the opposite sides of the two crossbars. A second slider is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the two L-plates. Both second sliders are slidably connected to the interior of a corresponding groove. A third spring is fixedly connected to both ends of each second slider. The ends of multiple third springs away from the second sliders are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding groove. A first drive wheel is meshed and driven to the top of the opposite sides of the two L-plates. A fixing pin is fixed through the center of each first drive wheel. The bottom ends of the fixing pins rotate through the inner wall of the base. A drive connecting rod is rotatably connected to both sides of the top of each first drive wheel. A second drive wheel is rotatably connected to the end of the same side drive connecting rod away from the first drive wheel. The two second drive wheels are meshed and driven, and are both penetrated by a corresponding fixed shaft. Both first and second drive wheels are designed to the same specifications. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the middle section of the drive connecting rod near the clearance groove. The guide rod passes through the clearance groove and extends out of the base.

[0010] Preferably, both spur gears are penetrated and fixedly connected by cylindrical tubes at corresponding positions, and the plurality of sliders one and two are all configured as wedges.

[0011] Preferably, each of the plurality of fixed plates has a movable shaft passing through its end away from the base. Each of the plurality of movable shafts has a wheel frame sleeved at its bottom end. Each of the plurality of wheel frames has a ball bearing at its top end and is rotatably connected to the movable shaft at the corresponding position through the bearing. Each of the plurality of wheel frames has a wheel body rotatably connected to its bottom end. Each of the plurality of movable shafts has a short connecting rod fixedly connected to its top end. Each of the plurality of short connecting rods has a long connecting rod rotatably connected to its end away from the movable shaft. Each of the long connecting rods on the same side has a long connecting rod rotatably connected to both ends of the upper surface of the corresponding L plate.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a fixing block disposed directly below the fixing plate. A piston cylinder 2 is penetrated through the top of each of the fixing blocks. A guide block is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the piston cylinder 2. A compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the guide blocks. The bottom of each compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding fixing block. A limit block is fixedly connected to one side of each of the guide blocks. Each limit block is penetrated by a movable shaft at a corresponding position and slidably connected via a spline. A connecting pipe is connected to the side of each piston cylinder 2 away from the fixing block. The end of each connecting pipe away from the piston cylinder 2 is connected to a hydraulic rod at a corresponding position.

[0013] A method for using a directional wheel structure on a mobile platform includes the following steps: S1. Unloaded movement: When the control panel is unloaded, the guide mechanism is linked with the braking mechanism to control the wheel direction and achieve flexible steering; the auxiliary mechanism provides micro-orientation, allowing the wheel to deflect at a small angle but preventing large-angle deviation, ensuring straight-line stability; S2, Load self-locking: When the operating platform is loaded and the load reaches the threshold, the auxiliary mechanism extends downward to the ground, increasing the contact area and static friction between the operating platform and the ground, and completing the initial self-locking. S3, Multiple Locking: Simultaneously with S2, the self-locking mechanism triggers and links with the other mechanisms, driving the four wheels to deflect synchronously toward the center of the control panel. At this time, the horizontal component forces of each wheel cancel each other out, forming an interlocking relationship, thus locking the horizontal displacement tendency of the control panel from a structural level. S4, Steering Failure: Simultaneously with S2 and S3, the steering function of the guide mechanism automatically fails. At this time, the guide rod cannot apply any steering control to the wheel, eliminating the potential risk of accidental release of the self-locking state due to improper operation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves the dual effects of flexible control during driving and rigid interlocking when parked by setting up directional components, which not only ensures the convenience of mobile operation, but also ensures the absolute stability of the working state; wherein the guiding mechanism works when the platform is unloaded and can control the orientation of the directional wheels; the self-locking mechanism is triggered when the platform is loaded and achieves automatic locking by cooperating with the load-bearing components.

[0015] 2. By setting up a braking mechanism, the present invention enables the platform to move while being controlled by the guiding mechanism to turn when unloaded. When loaded, it works together with the auxiliary mechanism to synchronously deflect the four directional wheels toward the center of the platform, forming an interlocking relationship and significantly improving the anti-skid capability.

[0016] 3. This invention incorporates an auxiliary mechanism that performs micro-orientation when the platform is unloaded, allowing the wheels to deflect freely within a small angle range to adapt to minor road surface adjustments, while preventing large-angle deflections without human intervention, thus ensuring straight-line stability. When the platform is loaded, the auxiliary mechanism is triggered and extends downwards to ground, simultaneously cooperating with a self-locking mechanism to guide the deflection of the directional wheels, thereby achieving load locking. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operating console of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the base structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the guiding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the carrier component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the braking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Control panel; 11. Lead screw column; 12. Fence; 13. Gate; 14. Loading platform; 2. Base; 21. Hydraulic rod; 22. Guide column; 23. Slide groove one; 24. Clearance groove; 3. Crossbar; 31. Slide groove two; 32. Slider one; 33. Compression spring one; 34. Rack; 35. Spur gear; 4. Base plate; 41. Cylindrical tube; 42. Cam groove; 43. Cam pin; 44. Compression spring two; 45. 5. Fixed shaft; 6. L-plate; 7. Transmission wheel one; 8. Transmission connecting rod; 9. Fixed pin; 10. Transmission wheel two; 11. Slider two; 12. Compression spring three; 13. Guide rod; 14. Fixed plate; 15. Movable shaft; 16. Wheel frame; 17. Wheel body; 18. Short connecting rod; 19. Long connecting rod; 20. Fixed block; 10. Piston cylinder two; 11. Guide block; 12. Compression spring four; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a load-triggered mobile platform directional wheel structure, including an operating platform 1, and also including an adaptive directional component and a load-bearing component based on the load state working condition. Each of the four corners of the operating platform 1 is threaded with a lead screw 11, and the four lead screws 11 are driven by a synchronous motor. A fence 12 is provided on the upper surface of the operating platform 1. A door 13 is rotatably connected to one side of the fence 12 through a pin shaft. The bottom ends of the four lead screws 11 are rotatably connected to a load platform 14. The orientation component includes a guide mechanism for controlling the direction of travel and a self-locking mechanism that is triggered by the load. The guide mechanism includes a base 2 located directly below the load platform 14, and the self-locking mechanism includes a base plate 4 fixedly connected to the inside of the base 2. The bearing component includes a braking mechanism for realizing the traveling function and an auxiliary mechanism for completing the micro-orientation of the travel. The braking mechanism includes fixed plates 7 disposed at the four corners of the guide mechanism, and the auxiliary mechanism is connected to the braking mechanism in a transmission manner.

[0021] This solution is based on the adaptive triggering and locking effect of the operating platform 1 under load. The lead screw column 11 is driven to rotate together by a synchronous motor. The synchronous rotation of the four lead screw columns 11 realizes the lifting effect of the operating platform 1. In the initial state, the operating platform 1 is in a low position. At this time, the personnel enter the operating platform 1 through the door 13 and the fence 12 protects the personnel during the operation. After the lead screw column 11 rotates, the operating platform 1 is in a high position, and the personnel can carry out high-altitude operations.

[0022] When the control panel 1 is unloaded, the braking mechanism is in the unlocked state. At this time, the control panel 1 can be moved through the braking mechanism. The guiding mechanism synchronously controls the wheel direction to achieve flexible steering. The auxiliary mechanism synchronously provides micro-orientation to curb large-angle deviation and ensure straight-line stability.

[0023] When the control panel 1 is under load, the auxiliary mechanism triggers to achieve grounding lock, and the self-locking mechanism triggers to drive the guide mechanism, braking mechanism and auxiliary mechanism, so that the four wheels are oriented towards the center position of the control panel 1. At this time, the horizontal component force of each wheel cancels each other out and forms an interlocking relationship, which locks the horizontal displacement tendency of the control panel 1 from the structural level. During this process, the internal connection of the guide mechanism is automatically disconnected, causing the steering control function to fail, thereby further eliminating the hidden danger of the self-locking state being accidentally released due to improper operation.

[0024] Example 2: Please see Figures 4 to 6 This embodiment further illustrates the following based on Embodiment 1: hydraulic rods 21 are provided through the short side of the upper surface of the base 2. The top end of the hydraulic rods 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the load platform 14. Sliding grooves 23 are provided on the inner wall of the long side of the base 2. Guide columns 22 are fixedly connected to the inside of the base 2 near the long side. A clearance groove 24 is provided at one end of the short side of the base 2.

[0025] The guiding mechanism also includes a crossbar 3 sleeved on the same side guide post 22. Each of the two crossbars 3 has a sliding groove 31 on its opposite side. Both ends of each of the two crossbars 3 are fixedly connected to a slider 32. Multiple sliders 32 are slidably connected inside the corresponding sliding groove 23. Each of the multiple sliders 32 has a compression spring 33 fixedly connected to its opposite side. The other end of each compression spring 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding sliding groove 23. Each of the two crossbars 3 has a rack 34 fixedly connected to its opposite side. Each of the two racks 34 has a spur gear 35 meshing and drivingly connected to its opposite side.

[0026] Cylindrical tubes 41 are rotatably connected to the short side of the upper surface of the base plate 4. Cam grooves 42 are opened on the inner walls of the two cylindrical tubes 41. Cam pins 43 are sleeved inside the two cylindrical tubes 41. The top ends of the two cam pins 43 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the load platform 14. The two cam pins 43 are drivenly connected to the cam grooves 42 at the corresponding positions. Compression springs 44 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two cam pins 43. The bottom ends of the two compression springs 44 are fixedly connected to the top end of the base plate 4. Two fixed shafts 45 are fixedly connected to the middle section of the upper surface of the base plate 4.

[0027] The self-locking mechanism also includes L-plates 5 attached to the top ends of the two crossbars 3 on opposite sides. Slider 2 55 is fixedly connected to the inner walls of both L-plates 5. Both slider 2 55 are slidably connected to the interior of corresponding slide grooves 31. Compression springs 3 56 are fixedly connected to both ends of each slider 2 55. The ends of multiple compression springs 3 56 away from the slider 2 55 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of corresponding slide grooves 31. Transmission wheels 1 51 are meshed and driven at the top ends of the two L-plates 5 on opposite sides. A fixing pin 53 is fixedly inserted through the center of each of the two transmission wheels 1 51. The bottom ends of the fixing pins 53 all penetrate and rotate through the inner wall of the base 2. The two top ends of the two transmission wheels 51 are rotatably connected to the transmission rods 52. The end of the transmission rods 52 on the same side away from the transmission wheel 51 is rotatably connected to the transmission wheel 54. The two transmission wheels 54 are meshed and connected and are both penetrated by the corresponding fixed shafts 45. The two transmission wheels 51 and the transmission wheel 54 are designed with the same specifications. A guide rod 6 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the middle section of the transmission rod 52 near the relief groove 24. The guide rod 6 passes through the relief groove 24 and extends out of the base 2.

[0028] Both spur gears 35 are penetrated and fixedly connected by cylindrical tubes 41 at corresponding positions, and the multiple sliders 1 32 and slider 2 55 are all set in a wedge shape.

[0029] As shown in Example 1, the directional component is linked to the braking mechanism, which achieves flexible steering by controlling the wheel direction. When the operating platform 1 is unloaded, the braking mechanism is unlocked. At this time, the operator pushes the guide rod 6, which drives the base 2 and the braking mechanism to move as a whole through the fixing pin 53, thus enabling the operating platform 1 to move. When steering is required, the operator pulls the guide rod 6 to the left or right. The deflection of the guide rod 6 drives the corresponding fixing pin 53 and the first transmission wheel 51 to rotate. The first transmission wheel 51 on this side further drives the second transmission wheel 54 to rotate through the transmission link 52. Since the two second transmission wheels 54 are meshed, they rotate synchronously but in opposite directions. At this time, the second transmission wheel 54 on the other side drives the first transmission wheel 51 to rotate synchronously through the corresponding transmission link 52. The rotation directions of the two first transmission wheels 51 are also opposite. Since the first transmission wheels 51 are both meshed with the corresponding L plate 5, the rotation of the two first transmission wheels 51 will cause the first transmission wheel 51 to slide on the surface of the crossbar 3.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, since the two transmission wheels 51 rotate in opposite directions and the two L plates 5 mesh with the opposite sides of the two transmission wheels 51, the sliding directions of the two L plates 5 are the same. When the guide rod 6 deflects to the left, the two L plates 5 slide to the right synchronously. When the guide rod 6 deflects to the right, the two L plates 5 slide to the left synchronously. At this time, the sliding of the L plates 5 further drives the corresponding braking mechanism to deflect, thereby realizing the steering function.

[0031] At the same time, the sliding of the L-plate 5 and the sliding of the slider 2 55 in the slide groove 2 31 will cause the compression spring 3 56 on the front side of the sliding direction to be compressed. Thus, when the personnel stop pulling the guide rod 6 to deflect after the turning is completed, the spring 3 56 will cause the transmission wheel 1 51 and the L-plate 5 to reset through the rebound. The guide mechanism will drive the braking mechanism to reset as a whole to ensure straight-line stability.

[0032] On the other hand, when the operating platform 1 is loaded, the load platform 14 presses down due to the load, causing the cam pin 43 to retract into the cylindrical tube 41 and simultaneously compress the compression spring 44. Since the cam pin 43 and the cylindrical tube 41 are connected by a cam groove 42, and the rotation of the cam pin 43 needs to overcome the torsional deformation force of the compression spring 44, the cam pin 43 will drive the cylindrical tube 41 to rotate during the retraction process. The cylindrical tube 41 will further drive the spur gear 35 to rotate, which will cause the rack 34 to drive the crossbar 3 to move horizontally. Since the two spur gears 35 mesh with the opposite sides of the two racks 34, the same rotation of the two cylindrical tubes 41 will cause the two racks 34 to move horizontally towards each other. At this time, the two crossbars 3 are close to each other.

[0033] Furthermore, when the two crossbars 3 approach each other, they will move synchronously with the L-plates 5 through the cooperation of the second slide groove 31 and the second slider 55. At this time, the two L-plates 5 also approach each other, thereby pulling the braking mechanism to deflect it, causing the four wheels to align with the center of the operating table 1 at the same time. At this time, the horizontal component forces of each wheel cancel each other out, forming an interlocking relationship, which locks the horizontal displacement tendency of the operating table 1 from the structural level.

[0034] At the same time, the L-plates 5 approach each other, causing them to disengage from the drive wheel 51. That is, when the personnel pull the guide rod 6 to the left or right, the drive wheel 51 rotates without affecting the position of the L-plates 5 on the crossbar 3. That is, after the four wheels are aligned with the center of the operating table 1, the steering function of the guide mechanism automatically fails, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of the self-locking state being accidentally released due to improper operation.

[0035] It should be noted that during the process of the crossbars 3 approaching each other, the slider 32 moves synchronously and compresses the compression spring 33. Then, after the platform finishes loading, the spring 33 rebounds and drives the crossbars 3 and L plate 5 to reset. L plate 5 re-engages with the transmission wheel 51, the steering function is activated again, and the load platform 14 is reset.

[0036] Example 3: Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 This embodiment further illustrates the following based on Embodiment 2: Each of the multiple fixed plates 7 has a movable shaft 71 extending through its end away from the base 2. Each of the multiple movable shafts 71 has a wheel frame 72 sleeved at its bottom end. Each of the multiple wheel frames 72 has a ball bearing at its top end and is rotatably connected to the corresponding movable shaft 71 via the bearing. Each of the multiple wheel frames 72 has a wheel body 73 rotatably connected to its bottom end. Each of the multiple movable shafts 71 has a short connecting rod 74 fixedly connected to its top end. Each of the multiple short connecting rods 74 has a long connecting rod 75 rotatably connected to its end away from the movable shaft 71. The end of the long connecting rod 75 on the same side, away from the short connecting rod 74, is rotatably connected to both ends of the upper surface of the corresponding L-plate 5.

[0037] The auxiliary mechanism includes a fixing block 8 located directly below the fixing plate 7. A piston cylinder 81 penetrates the top of each fixing block 8. A guide block 82 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each piston cylinder 81. A compression spring 83 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each guide block 82. The bottom of each compression spring 83 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding fixing block 8. A limit block 85 is fixedly connected to one side of each guide block 82. Each limit block 85 is penetrated by a corresponding movable shaft 71 and slidably connected via a spline. A connecting pipe 84 connects to the side of each piston cylinder 81 away from the fixing block 8. The end of each connecting pipe 84 away from the piston cylinder 81 is connected to a hydraulic rod 21 at a corresponding position.

[0038] As can be seen from Embodiment 2, the sliding of L plate 5 on crossbar 3 will cause the braking mechanism to deflect, and the crossbar 3 will also cause the L plates 5 to move closer to each other, which will also cause the braking mechanism to deflect. However, the deflection direction of the braking mechanism is different in the two cases. The former corresponds to the turning moment during the unloaded movement of the operating platform 1, and the latter corresponds to the automatic locking moment when the operating platform 1 is loaded.

[0039] When the guide rod 6 is pulled to the left, the L-plate 5 slides to the right synchronously on the surface of the crossbar 3. At this time, the L-plate 5 simultaneously squeezes the long connecting rod 75 on the front side of the sliding direction and pulls the long connecting rod 75 on the rear side. The long connecting rod 75 on the front side further squeezes the short connecting rod 74 to deflect it, so that the degree of bending between the two increases further. The long connecting rod 75 on the rear side further pulls the short connecting rod 74 to deflect it, so that the degree of bending between the two decreases synchronously. The short connecting rod 74 then drives the movable shaft 71 to rotate. Since the braking mechanism is connected to the opposite sides of the two L-plates 5 respectively, the movable shaft 71 on different sides rotates in opposite directions when the two L-plates 5 slide in the same direction.

[0040] Therefore, when a person pulls the guide rod 6 to the left, the L-plate 5 on the side closer to the guide rod 6 slides to the right, causing the corresponding two movable shafts 71 to rotate clockwise, and the L-plate 5 on the side farther from the guide rod 6 slides to the right, causing the corresponding two movable shafts 71 to rotate counterclockwise. Since the movable shaft 71 is slidably connected to the limiting block 85, the limiting block 85 rotates synchronously with the movable shaft 71 as it moves up and down along the axial direction of the movable shaft 71. The rotation of the limiting block 85 further compresses the position of the wheel 73, thereby causing the wheel 73 and the wheel frame 72 to rotate synchronously. That is, when a person pulls the guide rod 6 to the left, the wheel 73 on the side closer to the guide rod 6 rotates clockwise synchronously, and the wheel 73 on the side farther from the guide rod 6 rotates counterclockwise synchronously. At this time, when the guide rod 6 is pushed to move the operating table 1, the device as a whole has a tendency to turn to the left, thus completing the left turn operation. The process of a person pulling the guide rod 6 to the right is the same, and the device realizes the right turn operation.

[0041] When the control panel 1 is under load and self-locked, the two L plates 5 approach each other and disengage from the transmission wheel 51. That is, the position of the L plates 5 on the crossbar 3 remains unchanged. At this time, pulling the guide rod 6 will not affect the wheel 73, and the steering function will automatically fail, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of the self-locking state being accidentally released due to improper operation.

[0042] However, the approach of the two L-plates 5 will also pull the long connecting rod 75, increasing the degree of bending between the long connecting rod 75 and the short connecting rod 74. At this time, the four short connecting rods 74 deflect in the direction pointing towards the center of the operating table 1. Similarly, the short connecting rods 74 drive the movable shaft 71 to rotate, and the movable shaft 71 drives the limit block 85 to drive the wheel 73 to turn. As a result, the four wheels 73 simultaneously turn towards the center of the operating table 1, so that the horizontal component forces among the four wheels 73 cancel each other out and form an interlocking relationship, thus locking the horizontal displacement tendency of the operating table 1 from a structural level.

[0043] Meanwhile, when the operating platform 1 is loaded, the pressure of the load platform 14 on the base 2 increases, causing the hydraulic rod 21 to be compressed. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic rod 21 flows into the fixed block 8 through the connecting pipe 84, causing the fixed block 8 to extend. That is, the guide block 82 at the bottom of the fixed block 8 begins to descend and compress the compression spring 83. The guide block 82 drives the limit block 85 to descend synchronously along the axial direction of the movable shaft 71 until the bottom of the limit block 85 contacts the ground, thereby increasing the contact area and static friction between the device and the ground, and achieving auxiliary locking to further prevent the operating platform 1 from moving accidentally.

[0044] Furthermore, after the load on the operating platform 1 is completed, the rebound trend of the compression spring 83 causes the limit block 85 to automatically detach from the ground, and the guide block 82 lifts the fixed block 8 and retracts, causing the hydraulic oil to flow back into the hydraulic rod 21 to achieve overall reset.

[0045] It should be noted that since the movable axle 71 and the wheel frame 72 are connected by ball bearings, the wheel frame 72 and the wheel body 73 can rotate freely. However, the large-angle rotation of the wheel body 73 is limited by the limiting block 85. The limiting block 85 also does not have the ability to rotate when the movable axle 71 is not rotating. Therefore, by limiting the wheel body 73 by the limiting block 85, the wheel body 73 is allowed to deflect freely within a small angle range to adapt to road surface fine adjustments, but it can curb large-angle deflection without human intervention and ensure straight-line stability.

[0046] Example 4: A method for using a directional wheel structure on a mobile platform includes the following steps: S1. Unloaded movement: When the control panel 1 is unloaded, the guide mechanism is linked with the braking mechanism to control the wheel direction and achieve flexible steering; the auxiliary mechanism provides micro-orientation, allowing the wheel 73 to deflect at a small angle but preventing large-angle deviation, ensuring straight-line stability. S2, Load self-locking: When the operating platform 1 is loaded and the load reaches the threshold, the auxiliary mechanism extends downward to the ground, increasing the contact area and static friction between the operating platform 1 and the ground, thus completing the initial self-locking. S3, Multiple Locking: Simultaneously with S2, the self-locking mechanism triggers and links with the other mechanisms, driving the four wheels 73 to deflect synchronously toward the center position of the operating table 1. At this time, the horizontal component forces of each wheel cancel each other out, forming an interlocking relationship, thus locking the horizontal displacement tendency of the operating table 1 from the structural level. S4. Steering Failure: Simultaneously with S2 and S3, the steering function of the guide mechanism automatically fails. At this time, the guide rod 6 cannot apply any steering control to the wheel 73, thus eliminating the potential risk of the self-locking state being accidentally released due to improper operation.

[0047] Using the vertical load change of the control panel 1 as the sole trigger signal, when the load reaches the threshold, the self-locking mechanism drives the four wheels 73 to deflect synchronously toward the center of the control panel 1, forming an interlocking relationship in which the horizontal components cancel each other out. At the same time, the auxiliary mechanism is grounded downwards to achieve double locking. The guide mechanism is locked in conjunction with the self-locking mechanism under load, and the steering function is automatically disabled to prevent unauthorized operation by personnel. After unloading, all mechanisms are automatically reset.

[0048] By using a purely mechanically coupled directional component and load-bearing component, the operating platform (1) can move flexibly when unloaded and automatically switch between multiple locks when loaded, achieving an adaptive effect under all working conditions. No manual operation or electrical control is required, eliminating human safety hazards such as forgetting to lock or unlocking illegally from a structural perspective. It has the advantages of high reliability, adaptability to harsh environments and low cost, and achieves a synergistic effect of flexible control during driving and rigid interlocking when parked.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform, comprising an operating table (1), characterized in that: It also includes an orientation component and a load-bearing component that are adaptive based on the load condition. Each of the four corners of the operating platform (1) is threaded with a lead screw (11). The four lead screws (11) are driven by a synchronous motor. A fence (12) is provided on the upper surface of the operating platform (1). A door (13) is rotatably connected to one side of the fence (12) through a pin. The bottom ends of the four lead screws (11) are rotatably connected to a load-bearing platform (14). The orientation component includes a guide mechanism for controlling the direction of travel and a self-locking mechanism that is triggered by the load. The guide mechanism includes a base (2) located directly below the load platform (14), and the self-locking mechanism includes a base plate (4) fixedly connected to the inside of the base (2). The bearing component includes a braking mechanism for realizing the traveling function and an auxiliary mechanism for completing the micro-orientation of the traveling. The braking mechanism includes a fixed plate (7) disposed at the four corners of the guide mechanism. The auxiliary mechanism is connected to the braking mechanism in a transmission manner.

2. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hydraulic rods (21) are provided through the short side of the upper surface of the base (2). The top of the hydraulic rods (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the load platform (14). A sliding groove (23) is provided on the inner wall of the long side of the base (2). A guide column (22) is fixedly connected to the inside of the base (2) near the long side. A clearance groove (24) is provided at one end of the short side of the base (2).

3. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism also includes a crossbar (3) sleeved on the same side guide post (22). The opposite sides of the two crossbars (3) are provided with a second slide groove (31). The two ends of the two crossbars (3) are fixedly connected to a slider (32). Multiple sliders (32) are slidably connected inside the corresponding slide groove (23). The opposite sides of the multiple sliders (32) are fixedly connected to a compression spring (33). The other end of the multiple compression springs (33) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding slide groove (23). The opposite sides of the two crossbars (3) are fixedly connected to a rack (34). The opposite sides of the two racks (34) are meshed with a spur gear (35).

4. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short side of the upper surface of the base plate (4) is rotatably connected to a cylindrical tube (41). The inner walls of the two cylindrical tubes (41) are provided with cam grooves (42). The inside of the two cylindrical tubes (41) is fitted with cam pins (43). The top ends of the two cam pins (43) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the load platform (14). The two cam pins (43) are connected to the cam grooves (42) at the corresponding positions. The bottom ends of the two cam pins (43) are fixedly connected to compression springs (44). The bottom ends of the two compression springs (44) are fixedly connected to the top end of the base plate (4). The middle section of the upper surface of the base plate (4) is fixedly connected to two fixed shafts (45).

5. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking mechanism also includes an L-plate (5) attached to the top of the opposite sides of the two crossbars (3). A slider (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the two L-plates (5). The two sliders (55) are slidably connected to the interior of a corresponding groove (31). A compression spring (56) is fixedly connected to both ends of each slider (55). The ends of multiple compression springs (56) away from the sliders (55) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding groove (31). A transmission wheel (51) is meshed and driven to the top of the opposite sides of the two L-plates (5). A fixing pin (53) is fixedly inserted through the center of each of the two transmission wheels (51). The bottom end of the fixed pin (53) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the base (2). The two top sides of the two transmission wheels (51) are rotatably connected to the transmission rods (52). The end of the transmission rod (52) on the same side away from the transmission wheel (51) is rotatably connected to the transmission wheel (54). The two transmission wheels (54) are meshed and connected and are both pierced by the fixed shaft (45) at the corresponding position. The two transmission wheels (51) and the transmission wheel (54) are designed with the same specifications. The outer contour of the middle section of the transmission rod (52) near the relief groove (24) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (6). The guide rod (6) passes through the relief groove (24) and extends out of the base (2).

6. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both spur gears (35) are penetrated and fixedly connected by cylindrical tubes (41) at corresponding positions, and the multiple sliders one (32) and slider two (55) are all set in a wedge shape.

7. The load-bearing triggered directional wheel structure for a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the fixed plates (7) has a movable shaft (71) passing through its end away from the base (2). Each of the movable shafts (71) has a wheel frame (72) sleeved at its bottom end. Each of the wheel frames (72) has a ball bearing at its top end and is rotatably connected to the movable shaft (71) at the corresponding position through the bearing. Each of the wheel frames (72) has a wheel body (73) rotatably connected at its bottom end. Each of the movable shafts (71) has a short connecting rod (74) fixedly connected at its top end. Each of the short connecting rods (74) has a long connecting rod (75) rotatably connected at its end away from the movable shaft (71). Each of the long connecting rods (75) on the same side has a long connecting rod (75) rotatably connected to both ends of the upper surface of the L plate (5) at the corresponding position.

8. The load-bearing trigger-type directional wheel structure of the mobile platform and its usage method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism includes a fixed block (8) located directly below the fixed plate (7). The top of the multiple fixed blocks (8) is penetrated by a piston cylinder (81). The bottom of the multiple piston cylinders (81) is fixedly connected to a guide block (82). The bottom of the multiple guide blocks (82) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (83). The bottom of the multiple compression springs (83) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed block (8) at the corresponding position. The side of the multiple guide blocks (82) is fixedly connected to a limit block (85). The multiple limit blocks (85) are penetrated by the corresponding movable shaft (71) and slidably connected by spline. The side of the multiple piston cylinders (81) away from the fixed block (8) is connected to a connecting pipe (84). The end of the multiple connecting pipes (84) away from the piston cylinders (81) is connected to the hydraulic rod (21) at the corresponding position.

9. A method of using a mobile platform directional wheel structure, applicable to the load-bearing trigger type mobile platform directional wheel structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Unloaded movement: When the control panel (1) is unloaded, the guide mechanism is linked with the braking mechanism to control the wheel direction to achieve flexible steering; the auxiliary mechanism provides micro-orientation, allowing the wheel (73) to deflect at a small angle but curbing large-angle deviation, ensuring straight-line stability; S2, self-locking under load: When the operating table (1) is loaded and the load reaches the threshold, the auxiliary mechanism extends downward to ground, increasing the contact area and static friction between the operating table (1) and the ground, and completing the initial self-locking. S3, Multiple Locking: Simultaneously with S2, the self-locking mechanism triggers and links with the other mechanisms, driving the four wheels (73) to deflect synchronously to the center position facing the operating table (1). At this time, the horizontal component forces of each wheel cancel each other out, forming an interlocking relationship, locking the horizontal displacement tendency of the operating table (1) from the structural level. S4, Steering failure: Simultaneously with S2 and S3, the steering function of the guide mechanism automatically fails. At this time, the guide rod (6) cannot apply any steering control to the wheel (73), thus eliminating the hidden danger of accidental release of the self-locking state due to improper operation.

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