Method for rapid evaluation of electromagnetic noise performance of vehicle asynchronous motor assembly

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of asynchronous motor assembly technology for new energy vehicles, specifically to a rapid evaluation method for the electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies. Based on measured noise data from a semi-anechoic laboratory, this method first identifies the key orders of core magnetomotive force harmonics and tooth-pole coupling harmonics. Then, it sequentially calculates the noise compliance coefficients for the core magnetomotive force harmonics and the tooth-pole coupling harmonics, as well as the noise load variation coefficients for both orders, while simultaneously calculating the order noise energy distribution coefficients. Finally, it integrates all coefficients to obtain the electromagnetic noise performance coefficients, and completes the electromagnetic noise performance scoring and risk rating of the motor according to a preset grading standard. This method achieves accurate identification and multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation of key electromagnetic noise orders, can quickly predict the noise risk of the motor installed in the vehicle, guide early optimization, shorten the development cycle, reduce trial and error costs, and has significant engineering application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of asynchronous motor assembly technology for new energy vehicles, and specifically to a method for rapid evaluation of the electromagnetic noise performance of an asynchronous motor assembly for vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As a core power component of new energy vehicles, the asynchronous motor in automotive applications exhibits a speed difference between its stator current and rotor mechanical rotation. Furthermore, both the stator and rotor have slots, resulting in complex electromagnetic noise characteristics during operation, characterized by multiple orders, wide frequency range, and strong coupling. Electromagnetic noise is a significant factor influencing the NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) performance of new energy vehicles, directly determining overall driving comfort and market competitiveness. Therefore, accurately assessing the electromagnetic noise performance risks of the asynchronous motor assembly before vehicle assembly is a crucial step in the development of new energy vehicle powertrain systems.

[0003] Currently, the assessment of electromagnetic noise in automotive asynchronous motor assemblies in this field mostly adopts a single noise value detection method, which can only obtain general noise data across the entire range and is difficult to quickly predict the noise risk of asynchronous motors after they are installed in the vehicle. If the electromagnetic noise performance assessment of asynchronous motors is inaccurate, it will lead to repeated iterative optimization of the solution at the vehicle level, significantly increasing development costs and extending the development cycle.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can quickly and accurately assess the electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies in order to enable early prediction of noise risks and targeted optimization in the early stages. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a rapid evaluation method for the electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies. This method is based on bench-measured noise data from a semi-anechoic chamber, accurately identifies the key orders of the core magnetomotive force harmonics and tooth-pole coupling harmonics of the motor's electromagnetic noise, and achieves a quantitative evaluation of electromagnetic noise performance through the calculation and integration of multi-dimensional characteristic coefficients. This allows for the rapid prediction of noise risks before the motor is installed in a vehicle, guiding targeted optimization design in the early stages, effectively shortening the motor development cycle and reducing development costs.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following approach:

[0007] A rapid evaluation method for the electromagnetic noise performance of an automotive asynchronous motor assembly includes the following steps:

[0008] 1) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the compliance coefficient of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise was obtained;

[0009] 2) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the compliance coefficients of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise were obtained;

[0010] 3) Based on the noise measurement data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise data of all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions and the noise load variation coefficient of the core magnetomotive force harmonic orders were obtained.

[0011] 4) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise data of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions was obtained, as well as the noise load variation coefficient of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders.

[0012] 5) Based on the noise average data set of all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 3) and the noise average data set of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 4), the order noise energy distribution coefficient is obtained.

[0013] 6) Based on the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 1), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 2), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 3), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 4), and the order noise energy distribution coefficient obtained in step 5), the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient is obtained by linear summation and reciprocal operation.

[0014] 7) Based on the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient obtained in step 6), the scoring results and risk rating results of the electromagnetic noise performance of the vehicle asynchronous motor assembly are obtained according to the preset theoretical classification standard.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. This represents the average compliance rate of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise prominence rate under all load conditions. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. The range of rotational speeds where the actual noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under load conditions. The noise prominence rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. , , These represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise values ​​for the core magnetomotive force harmonic order, respectively. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the rotational speed positions corresponding to the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values ​​mentioned above.

[0020] Preferably, in step 2), the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise compliance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0021] ;

[0022] ;

[0023] ;

[0024] In the formula, The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. This represents the average compliance rate of tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average saliency of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise under all load conditions. For tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under a certain load condition. The range of speeds where the actual noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under load conditions. The noise prominence of the harmonic order of the tooth-pole coupling under a certain load condition is given. , , These represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise values ​​for the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, respectively. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the rotational speed positions corresponding to the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values ​​mentioned above.

[0025] Preferably, in step 3), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0026] ;

[0027] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( );

[0028] ∈{ , , , , , };

[0029] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, is the number of pole pairs of the rotor. The number of teeth on the rotor. The number of teeth on the stator. The noise load variation factor of order 2P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 6P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 12P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 18P under all load conditions. Let Z1 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z2 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The load variation coefficient is the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under all load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. ( () represents the noise average value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions.

[0030] Preferably, in step 4), the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise load variation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0031] ;

[0032] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( );

[0033] ∈{ , , , , , };

[0034] In the formula, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, is the number of pole pairs of the rotor. The number of teeth on the rotor. The number of teeth on the stator. The noise load variation coefficients of orders Z1-2P under all load conditions are given. Let Z1-P be the noise load variation coefficients under all load conditions. Let Z1+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z1+2P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The noise load variation coefficient of order Z2-P under all load conditions. Let Z2+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The load variation coefficient for this tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under all load conditions. The noise value of this tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. ( The noise average value of this tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions is denoted as .

[0035] Preferably, in step 5), the order noise energy distribution coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0036] ;

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] ;

[0040] In the formula, The noise energy distribution coefficient is the order noise level. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient, The energy distribution coefficient of the harmonic order noise of the tooth-pole coupling is given. Here, n represents the global noise energy distribution coefficient, and n is the harmonic order number of the core magnetomotive force, ranging from 1 to 6. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This represents the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 100% load conditions. 'no' is the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order number, ranging from 1 to 6. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 100% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise average values ​​for the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. It is the minimum of the noise average values ​​of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions.

[0041] Preferably, in step 6), the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] In the formula, The measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient of the asynchronous motor assembly is given. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. This is the order noise energy distribution coefficient.

[0044] Preferably, in step 7), the theoretical grading criteria include:

[0045] TO < 3.5, score 1, noise risk out of control;

[0046] 3.5≤TO<4.4, score 2, high risk of noise;

[0047] 4.4≤TO<5.2, score 3, indicating potential risks and the need for optimization;

[0048] 5.2≤TO<5.8, score 4, low noise risk;

[0049] TO≥5.8, rating 5 points, no risk of noise.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0051] 1. This invention clarifies for the first time the core magnetomotive force harmonic orders (2P, 6P, 12P, 18P, Z1, Z2) and tooth-pole coupling harmonic orders (Z1-P, Z1-2P, Z1+P, Z1+2P, Z2-P, Z2+P) of electromagnetic noise in automotive asynchronous motors, and establishes a direct correlation between these orders and the core structural parameters of the motor (rotor pole pairs P, rotor teeth Z1, stator teeth Z2). This enables precise localization of key noise sources, solves the problems of ambiguous order identification and lack of clear targets in the evaluation of electromagnetic noise in asynchronous motors in existing technologies, and changes the traditional evaluation mode of "general detection of the entire domain". This allows subsequent noise reduction optimization to focus on key orders, providing a clear and definite technical direction for the precise optimization of electromagnetic noise.

[0052] 2. This invention proposes methods for calculating the compliance rate of key order noise in asynchronous motors, load variation calculation methods, and order noise energy distribution coefficient calculation methods. It constructs a three-in-one multi-dimensional evaluation framework integrating "compliance coefficient + load variation coefficient + energy distribution coefficient," and within this multi-dimensional evaluation framework:

[0053] 2.1 The degree of fit between the noise and the target value is quantified by using the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient (HOD) and the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise compliance coefficient (HODO);

[0054] 2.2 The stability of noise under different load conditions is characterized by the core magnetomotive force / tooth-pole coupling order noise load variation coefficient (DYFBB / EYFBB);

[0055] 2.3 The order noise energy distribution coefficient (NLFB) is used to reflect the uniformity of noise distribution across the entire speed range and order.

[0056] In other words, this invention achieves the technical effect of comprehensively and accurately characterizing the electromagnetic noise performance of the asynchronous motor assembly through the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned multiple coefficients. It changes the current situation where the traditional evaluation method is complicated to operate and can only achieve about 70% evaluation accuracy. It avoids the defects of traditional single noise value evaluation that cannot cover key dimensions such as noise stability and distribution characteristics. It improves the evaluation accuracy of the electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies to more than 90%, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results.

[0057] 3. Based on bench test data in a semi-anechoic chamber, this invention achieves rapid evaluation of electromagnetic noise performance through a standardized formula system and clear process design. Compared with traditional evaluation methods, the evaluation time is directly reduced by 60%, significantly improving the efficiency of noise performance evaluation in the motor R&D stage.

[0058] Specifically, the entire evaluation process can be completed before the motor is installed on the vehicle, without waiting for the vehicle to be assembled before testing. The evaluation time for a single motor is significantly reduced compared to the traditional vehicle-level testing time. It can predict the noise risks after the motor is installed on the vehicle in advance, guide targeted optimization measures in the early stage, effectively avoid repeated iterations of the vehicle-level solution due to noise non-compliance in the later stage, significantly shorten the development cycle of the new energy vehicle power system, reduce the trial and error costs and resource consumption in the development process, and has extremely strong engineering application value.

[0059] 4. This invention provides a complete method for analyzing and evaluating the electromagnetic noise performance of asynchronous motor assemblies, and establishes a three-level correlation standard of "electromagnetic noise performance coefficient (TO) - score - risk level".

[0060] Specifically, this invention integrates abstract, multi-dimensional coefficients into an intuitive performance coefficient TO, which is then converted into a quantitative score of 1-5 points and five clearly defined risk levels: "noise risk out of control, high risk, requires optimization, low risk, and no risk." The resulting assessment results do not require complex interpretation by professionals; engineering technicians can quickly make decisions based on the rating results, such as prioritizing optimization design for high-risk items and simplifying verification processes for low-risk items. This significantly improves project efficiency and decision-making accuracy, facilitating rapid implementation in engineering applications.

[0061] Glossary

[0062] Load conditions ( In this invention, the rated load of the vehicle asynchronous motor is used as a benchmark, and the motor operating load states are divided into percentages. Three types of operating conditions with torque load ratios of 25%, 50%, and 100% are uniformly selected, corresponding to light, medium, and heavy loads, respectively, to achieve electromagnetic noise assessment coverage for the entire load scenario.

[0063] Effective operating speed range: In this invention, it refers to the defined speed range of the vehicle asynchronous motor included in the electromagnetic noise data calculation and analysis, specifically 500rpm~12000rpm. This range covers the main speed range of the vehicle asynchronous motor in actual operation of the whole vehicle, eliminating the interference of non-operating speed data on the evaluation results.

[0064] Rotor pole pairs (P): In this invention, it refers to the number of magnetic pole pairs of the rotor of the vehicle asynchronous motor. It is a core parameter of the motor's basic structure and the core basis for the definition and calculation of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order and the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order.

[0065] Rotor tooth count (Z1): In this invention, it refers to the number of effective tooth slots of the rotor of the vehicle asynchronous motor. It is a core parameter of the motor's basic structure and together with the number of rotor pole pairs and the number of stator teeth, it forms the basis for calculating the harmonic order. The statistical range is the entire effective tooth slot structure of the rotor.

[0066] Stator tooth count (Z2): In this invention, it refers to the number of effective tooth slots of the stator of the vehicle asynchronous motor. It is a core parameter of the motor's basic structure. It is used in conjunction with the number of rotor pole pairs and the number of rotor teeth to derive the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order. The statistical range is the entire effective tooth slot structure of the stator.

[0067] Core magnetomotive force harmonic order: In this invention, it refers to the core harmonic order that plays a dominant role in the electromagnetic noise of the vehicle asynchronous motor, as determined by experiments and analysis. It is the main source of electromagnetic noise and specifically includes 2P, 6P, 12P, 18P, Z1, and Z2. Its order value is directly derived from the number of rotor pole pairs, the number of rotor teeth, and the number of stator teeth.

[0068] Tooth-pole coupling harmonic order: In this invention, it refers to the harmonic order generated by the mutual coupling between the stator slots and rotor magnetic poles of the vehicle asynchronous motor. It is an important source of electromagnetic noise. Specifically, it includes Z1-2P, Z1-P, Z1+P, Z1+2P, Z2-P, and Z2+P. The order value is derived by arithmetic operations from the number of rotor pole pairs, the number of rotor teeth, and the number of stator teeth.

[0069] Noise compliance rate ( / In this invention, the term refers to the index that quantifies the noise compliance of a specific harmonic order of an automotive asynchronous motor under a certain load condition, wherein... For the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance rate, The compliance rate of harmonic order noise of tooth-pole coupling is calculated by the ratio of the speed range in which the actual noise value is lower than the target value to the reference speed range (11500 rpm), which represents the proportion of the speed range that meets the standard.

[0070] Noise prominence rate ( / In this invention, the index refers to the degree to which the noise peak value of a specific harmonic order of an automotive asynchronous motor exceeds the standard under a certain load condition. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise prominence rate, The noise prominence rate of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order is calculated by weighting the differences between the maximum, second, and third largest noise values ​​and the corresponding target values. If the peak value does not exceed the target value, the difference is taken as 0.

[0071] Core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient ( In this invention, the term refers to a comprehensive quantitative index that integrates the compliance rate and noise prominence rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise under all load conditions. It is calculated by summing the average of the compliance rate and the average of the prominence rate under all conditions. It is used to accurately quantify the overall degree of fit between the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise and the target value, and is one of the core dimensions of electromagnetic noise performance evaluation.

[0072] Tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise compliance factor ( In this invention, the term refers to a comprehensive quantitative index that integrates the compliance rate and noise protrusion rate of tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise under all load conditions. It is calculated by summing the average compliance rate and the average protrusion rate under all conditions to accurately quantify the overall degree of fit between the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise and the target value. Together, they constitute the "compliance dimension" assessment system for electromagnetic noise.

[0073] Core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient ( In this invention, : refers to a comprehensive quantitative index characterizing the stability of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise of an asynchronous motor under different load conditions. First, the load variation coefficient of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order under full load conditions is calculated, and then integrated by the arithmetic mean method to reflect the degree of fluctuation of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise with load changes.

[0074] Tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise load variation coefficient ( In this invention, the term refers to a comprehensive quantitative index characterizing the stability of tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise in automotive asynchronous motors under different load conditions. It is obtained by first calculating the load variation coefficient of each tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under full load conditions, and then integrating these coefficients using an arithmetic mean method. Together, they constitute the "stability dimension" assessment system for electromagnetic noise.

[0075] Core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient ( In this invention, it refers to a quantitative index that characterizes the uniformity of energy distribution of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noises of an automotive asynchronous motor under all load conditions. It is derived by calculating the dispersion of the average value of each order noise under different load conditions, reflecting the distribution characteristics of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise energy.

[0076] Tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient ( In this invention, the term refers to a quantitative index characterizing the uniformity of energy distribution of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noises of an automotive asynchronous motor under all load conditions. It is derived by calculating the dispersion of the average noise values ​​of each order under different load conditions, reflecting the distribution characteristics of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise energy.

[0077] Global noise energy distribution coefficient ( In this invention, : refers to a quantitative index characterizing the correlation between the noise energy distribution of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order and the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order of an automotive asynchronous motor. It is calculated by summing the extreme values ​​of the average noise values ​​of the two types of orders under different load conditions, covering the entire dimension of all evaluation orders and all load conditions.

[0078] Order noise energy distribution coefficient ( In this invention, it refers to a comprehensive quantitative index that integrates the core magnetomotive force harmonic order, the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order, and the global noise energy distribution coefficient, through... The calculated value reflects the overall uniformity of electromagnetic noise distribution across all speed ranges and evaluation orders in automotive asynchronous motors, and is the core indicator of the "distribution dimension" for electromagnetic noise performance evaluation.

[0079] Measured Electromagnetic Noise Performance Factor (TO): In this invention, it refers to the final comprehensive quantitative evaluation index of the electromagnetic noise performance of the automotive asynchronous motor assembly, obtained through... The result is obtained by integrating linear summation and reciprocal operation, which integrates the three major evaluation dimensions of compliance, stability, and distribution. Its value directly corresponds to the score and risk rating of electromagnetic noise performance. Attached Figure Description

[0080] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of an asynchronous motor assembly for vehicles according to the present invention;

[0081] Figure 2 Target curves of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise of asynchronous motors under different load conditions;

[0082] Figure 3 Target curves of tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise of asynchronous motors under different load conditions;

[0083] Figures 4 to 9 The figures show the measured noise results of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders of the asynchronous motor under 50% load conditions.

[0084] Figures 10 to 15 The figures show the measured noise results of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders of the asynchronous motor under 50% load conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for rapid evaluation of the electromagnetic noise performance of an automotive asynchronous motor assembly includes the following steps:

[0086] 1) Calculate the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient

[0087] Based on noise measurement data from a semi-anechoic chamber, noise data for each core magnetomotive force harmonic order of the asynchronous motor under different load conditions were extracted. The noise compliance rate and noise prominence rate for each core magnetomotive force harmonic order under different load conditions were calculated sequentially, and the noise compliance coefficient for each core magnetomotive force harmonic order was obtained by integration. Specifically, this includes:

[0088] 1-1) Calculate the noise compliance rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order.

[0089] Calculate using the following formula:

[0090] ;

[0091] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. The rotational speed range in which the actual noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under load conditions.

[0092] 1-2) Calculate the noise prominence of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order.

[0093] Calculate using the following formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise prominence rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. , , The three values ​​represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise levels of a certain core magnetomotive force harmonic order within a speed range of 500 rpm to 12000 rpm. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the corresponding rotational speed positions for the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values, respectively; if ≤ ,but =0; if ≤ ,but =0; if ≤ ,but =0;

[0096] 1-3) Calculate the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient

[0097] Calculate using the following formula:

[0098] ;

[0099] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. This represents the average compliance rate of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise prominence rate under all load conditions.

[0100] 2) Calculate the compliance coefficient for tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise.

[0101] Based on noise measurement data from a semi-anechoic chamber, noise data for each tooth-pole coupled harmonic order of the asynchronous motor under different load conditions were extracted. The noise compliance rate and noise prominence rate for each tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under different load conditions were calculated sequentially, and the noise compliance coefficient for each tooth-pole coupled harmonic order was obtained by integrating these data. Specifically, this includes:

[0102] 2-1) Calculate the noise compliance rate of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order.

[0103] Calculate using the following formula:

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, For tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under a certain load condition. The speed range in which the actual noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under load conditions;

[0106] 2-2) Calculate the noise prominence of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order.

[0107] Calculate using the following formula:

[0108] ;

[0109] In the formula, For tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise prominence of the harmonic order of the tooth-pole coupling under a certain load condition is given. , , These represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise values ​​for a certain tooth-pole coupling harmonic order within the speed range of 500 rpm to 12000 rpm. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the corresponding rotational speed positions for the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values, respectively; if ≤ ,but =0; if ≤ ,but =0; if ≤ ,but =0;

[0110] 2-3) Calculate the compliance coefficient of tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise.

[0111] Calculate using the following formula:

[0112] ;

[0113] In the formula, The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. This represents the average compliance rate of tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average saliency of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise under all load conditions.

[0114] 3) Calculate the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient

[0115] Based on noise measurement data from a semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise levels of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order of the asynchronous motor under various load conditions were calculated within a speed range of 500 rpm to 12000 rpm, resulting in a dataset of average noise levels for all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions. Based on this dataset, the noise load variation coefficients for each core magnetomotive force harmonic order under all load conditions were calculated, and then integrated to obtain the noise load variation coefficients for the core magnetomotive force harmonic orders. Specifically, this includes:

[0116] 3-1) Calculate the noise load variation coefficient of the harmonic order of a single core magnetomotive force under all load conditions.

[0117] Calculate using the following formula:

[0118] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( );

[0119] In the formula, The load variation coefficient is the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under all load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. ( () represents the noise average value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions;

[0120] 3-2) Calculate the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient

[0121] Calculate using the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The noise load variation factor of order 2P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 6P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 12P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 18P under all load conditions. Let Z1 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z2 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions.

[0124] 4) Calculate the variation coefficient of harmonic order noise load of tooth-pole coupling.

[0125] Based on noise measurement data from a semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise levels of each tooth-pole coupled harmonic order of the asynchronous motor under various load conditions were calculated within a speed range of 500 rpm to 12000 rpm, resulting in a dataset of the average noise levels of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions. Based on this dataset, the noise load variation coefficients for each tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under all load conditions were calculated, and then integrated to obtain the noise load variation coefficients for the tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders. Specifically, these coefficients include:

[0126] 4-1) Calculate the noise load variation coefficient of a single tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under all load conditions.

[0127] Calculate using the following formula:

[0128] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( );

[0129] In the formula, The load variation coefficient for this tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under all load conditions. The noise value of this tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. ( () represents the average noise value of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions;

[0130] 4-2) Calculate the variation coefficient of harmonic order noise load of tooth-pole coupling.

[0131] Calculate using the following formula:

[0132] ;

[0133] In the formula, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. The noise load variation coefficients of orders Z1-2P under all load conditions are given. Let Z1-P be the noise load variation coefficients under all load conditions. Let Z1+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z1+2P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The noise load variation coefficient of order Z2-P under all load conditions. Let Z2+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions.

[0134] 5) Calculate the order noise energy distribution coefficient

[0135] Based on the noise average data sets of all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 3) and the noise average data sets of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 4), the noise energy distribution coefficients of the core magnetomotive force harmonic orders, the tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders, and the global noise energy distribution coefficients are calculated sequentially; then, the order noise energy distribution coefficients are obtained by linear integration. The specific steps are as follows:

[0136] 5-1) Calculate the energy distribution coefficient of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise.

[0137] Calculate using the following formula:

[0138] ;

[0139] In the formula, denoted as the harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient of the core magnetomotive force, where n is the harmonic order number of the core magnetomotive force, taking values ​​from 1 to 6. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This is the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 100% load conditions.

[0140] 5-2) Calculate the energy distribution coefficient of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise.

[0141] Calculate using the following formula:

[0142] ;

[0143] In the formula, denoted as the harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient of the tooth-pole coupling, and no as the harmonic order number of the tooth-pole coupling, with a value ranging from 1 to 6. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This is the average value of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noises under 100% load conditions.

[0144] 5-3) Calculate the global noise energy distribution coefficient

[0145] Calculate using the following formula:

[0146] ;

[0147] In the formula, The global noise energy distribution coefficient. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise average values ​​for the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. It is the minimum of the noise average values ​​of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions;

[0148] 5-4) Calculate the order noise energy distribution coefficient

[0149] Calculate using the following formula:

[0150] ;

[0151] In the formula, The noise energy distribution coefficient is the order noise level. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient, The energy distribution coefficient of the harmonic order noise of the tooth-pole coupling is given. This is the global noise energy distribution coefficient.

[0152] 6) Calculate the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient.

[0153] Based on the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 1), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 2), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 3), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 4), and the order noise energy distribution coefficient obtained in step 5), the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient is obtained through linear summation and reciprocal operation, i.e., calculated according to the following formula:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, The measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient of the asynchronous motor assembly is given. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. This is the order noise energy distribution coefficient.

[0156] 7) Electromagnetic noise performance evaluation of asynchronous motor assembly

[0157] Based on the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient obtained in step 6) By comparing the results with the preset theoretical grading standards determined by calibration tests, and matching the specific values ​​of TO with the corresponding grading standards, a unique score and risk rating result for the electromagnetic noise performance of the automotive asynchronous motor assembly is obtained; among which, the theoretical grading standards (maximum score of 5 points) include:

[0158] If TO < 3.5, the score is 1 point, indicating that the noise risk is out of control and the product needs to be completely redesigned and redeveloped.

[0159] 3.5≤TO<4.4, score 2, high risk of noise, requires optimization and adjustment of motor space dimensions, overall housing dimensions and key parameters of tooth cog;

[0160] 4.4≤TO<5.2, score 3 points, there is a risk and optimization is needed, targeted optimization of the local structure of the housing and the detailed dimensions of the motor lamination;

[0161] 5.2≤TO<5.8, score 4, low noise risk, can meet the vehicle installation requirements under normal circumstances. If noise risk is found after vehicle installation, the local structure of the housing and the detailed dimensions of the motor lamination will be further optimized.

[0162] With a noise level of ≥5.8, a score of 5 is given, indicating no risk associated with the noise and no need for optimization work specifically targeting electromagnetic noise.

[0163] It is worth noting that the 5-point grading system established in this invention has achieved a full-dimensional electromagnetic noise performance assessment, ranging from "noise risk out of control" to "noise risk-free." In fact, under the same risk level, this invention can further subdivide into different scoring grades to achieve a refined judgment of motor electromagnetic noise performance. This facilitates accurate differentiation of the performance levels of different products when summarizing and statistically analyzing large-scale data from multiple projects. Furthermore, the scoring system of this invention has flexible scalability. It can be further subdivided into grades based on actual assessment accuracy requirements, refining the existing levels into more sub-grades, such as adjusting to a 10-point system or other higher-granularity scoring format, to adapt to the differentiated assessment accuracy needs of different R&D stages and quality control scenarios.

[0164] An example of the rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies described above is as follows:

[0165] In this embodiment, an asynchronous drive motor for automobiles is used as the evaluation object. The number of rotor pole pairs P=3, the number of rotor teeth Z1=68, and the number of stator teeth Z2=54 are set. The load conditions for evaluation are uniformly set as 25% load condition, 50% load condition, and 100% load condition. The effective working speed range for noise data calculation and analysis is limited to 500rpm~12000rpm. The actual noise measurement data are all collected on the test bench in the semi-anechoic chamber.

[0166] Based on the above parameters, the core magnetomotive force harmonic order of the asynchronous motor is determined to be 2P=6, 6P=18, 12P=36, 18P=54, Z1=68, Z2=54; the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order is Z1-2P=62, Z1-P=65, Z1+P=71, Z1+2P=74, Z2-P=51, Z2+P=57.

[0167] 1. Calculate the compliance coefficient of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise.

[0168] 1.1 Calculation of noise compliance rate for core magnetomotive force harmonic order

[0169] The target noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order in this embodiment is based on Figure 2 The target lines for the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise of the asynchronous motor under different load conditions are determined according to the formula. Based on the measured noise data from the semi-anechoic chamber, the rotational speed range (RPML) under different load conditions where the actual noise of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order is lower than the noise target value was extracted. The noise compliance rate of each order and each working condition was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0170]

[0171] Table 1. Noise compliance rate for each operating condition of core magnetomotive force harmonic order

[0172] The average value of all compliance rate data in Table 1 is obtained. =96.23%.

[0173] 1.2 Calculation of noise prominence rate of core magnetomotive force harmonic order

[0174] According to the formula The noise target value reference Figure 2 The noise target line corresponding to the speed position of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise target line of the asynchronous motor under different load conditions is obtained. Combined with the noise peak value of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order under different load conditions (see Table 2) and the noise target value at the corresponding speed position, the noise prominence rate of each order and each operating condition is calculated. If the noise peak value is ≤ the corresponding target value, the difference is taken as 0.

[0175]

[0176] Table 2. Peak noise levels (dB) of core magnetomotive force harmonics at different orders and under different operating conditions.

[0177] The average value of all noise prominence rate calculations is obtained. =0.6777.

[0178] 1.3 Calculation of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient

[0179] According to the formula ,Will , Substituting into the formula, we can obtain... =0.9623+0.6777=1.64.

[0180] 2. Calculate the noise compliance rate of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order.

[0181] 2.1 Calculate the noise compliance rate of tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders

[0182] The noise target value of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order in this embodiment is based on Figure 3 The target lines for tooth-pole coupled harmonic noise of asynchronous motors under different load conditions are determined according to the formula. Based on the measured noise data from the semi-anechoic chamber, the rotational speed range in which the actual noise of each tooth-pole coupling harmonic order is lower than the target noise value under different load conditions was extracted. The noise compliance rate for each order and working condition was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0183]

[0184] Table 3. Noise compliance rate for each operating condition of tooth-pole coupled harmonic order

[0185] The average value of all compliance rate data in Table 3 is obtained. =97.02%.

[0186] 2.2 Calculation of noise prominence of tooth-pole coupled harmonic order

[0187] According to the formula The noise target value reference Figure 3 The noise target line of the tooth-pole coupling order of the asynchronous motor under different load conditions is obtained by combining the noise peak value of each tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under different load conditions (see Table 4) and the noise target value at the corresponding speed position. The noise prominence rate of each order and each condition is calculated. If the noise peak value is less than or equal to the corresponding target value, the difference is taken as 0.

[0188]

[0189] Table 4. Peak noise levels (dB) for different orders and operating conditions of tooth-pole coupling.

[0190] The average value of all noise prominence rate calculations is obtained. =0.5598.

[0191] 2.3 Calculation of the compliance coefficient for tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise

[0192] According to the formula ,Will , Substituting into the formula, we can obtain... =0.9702+0.5598=1.53.

[0193] 3. Calculate the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient.

[0194] 3.1 Calculation of the noise load variation coefficient for the harmonic order of a single core magnetomotive force

[0195] According to the formula

[0196] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( Within the speed range of 500rpm to 12000rpm, combined Figures 4 to 9 Based on the measured noise trend and raw data, the average noise levels of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 25%, 50%, and 100% load conditions were calculated. ( ), ( ), ( The load variation coefficients for each of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders were calculated sequentially. , , , , , .

[0197] In this embodiment, =2.03; =1.78; =1.69; =1.76; =1.98; =2.04.

[0198] 3.2 Calculation of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient

[0199] According to the formula ,Will , , , , , Substituting into the formula, we can obtain... =0.94.

[0200] 4. Calculate the variation coefficient of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling.

[0201] 4.1 Calculate the noise load variation coefficient of a single tooth-pole coupled harmonic order

[0202] According to the formula

[0203] ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( Within the speed range of 500 rpm to 12000 rpm, calculate the average noise of each tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 25%, 50%, and 100% load conditions. ( ), ( ), ( The load variation coefficients for each of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders were calculated sequentially. , , , , , In this embodiment =1.98; =1.77; =1.63; =1.88; =1.64; =2.02.

[0204] 4.2 Calculation of the variation coefficient of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling

[0205] According to the formula ,available =0.91.

[0206] 5. Calculate the order noise energy distribution coefficient

[0207] 5.1 Calculation of the energy distribution coefficient of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise

[0208] According to the formula Based on Figures 4 to 9 Substituting the average noise values ​​of each core magnetomotive force harmonic order obtained from measured data under different load conditions into the formula, we can obtain the following results: =1.12.

[0209] 5.2 Calculation of the energy distribution coefficient of tooth-pole coupled harmonic noise order

[0210] According to the formula Based on Figures 10 to 15 Substituting the average noise values ​​of each tooth-pole coupling harmonic order obtained from measured data under different load conditions into the formula, we can obtain the following results: =1.05.

[0211] 5.3 Calculate the global noise energy distribution coefficient

[0212] According to the formula Extract based on Figures 4 to 15The maximum and minimum values ​​of the average values ​​of tooth-pole coupling and core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise under various load conditions, obtained from measured data, are substituted into the formula to obtain the following results. =5.85.

[0213] 5.4 Calculation of order noise energy distribution coefficient

[0214] According to the formula ,Will , , Substituting into the formula, we can obtain... =1.12 + 1.05 + 0.2 5.85 = 3.34.

[0215] 6. Electromagnetic noise performance evaluation of asynchronous motor assembly

[0216] 6.1 Calculation of electromagnetic noise performance coefficient

[0217] According to the formula Substitute , , , , Calculations can be performed to obtain =1.64+1.53+0.94+0.91+1 / 3.34=5.32.

[0218] 6.2 Performance Scoring and Risk Rating

[0219] According to the preset electromagnetic noise performance coefficient The numerical range grading standard is used to score and rate the risk of the automotive asynchronous motor assembly in this embodiment: In this embodiment =5.32, which meets the range requirement of 5.2≤TO<5.5, so it scores 7 points, and the corresponding electromagnetic noise risk level is low noise risk.

[0220] In summary, by employing the rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies described in this invention, combined with... Figures 2-15 By comparing the noise target line with the measured results, the electromagnetic noise performance coefficient of the automotive asynchronous motor assembly can be quickly obtained as 5.32, which is rated as low noise risk. Without the need for large-scale optimization measures for electromagnetic noise, it can be predicted that the electromagnetic noise risk after vehicle installation is controllable. This fully verifies that the method of the present invention can quickly and accurately realize the quantitative evaluation of the electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies and the early assessment of vehicle installation risks.

[0221] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid evaluation of the electromagnetic noise performance of an automotive asynchronous motor assembly, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the compliance coefficient of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise was obtained; 2) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the compliance coefficients of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise were obtained; 3) Based on the noise measurement data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise data of all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions and the noise load variation coefficient of the core magnetomotive force harmonic orders were obtained. 4) Based on the measured noise data in the semi-anechoic chamber, the average noise data of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions was obtained, as well as the noise load variation coefficient of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders. 5) Based on the noise average data set of all core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 3) and the noise average data set of all tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under all load conditions obtained in step 4), the order noise energy distribution coefficient is obtained. 6) Based on the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 1), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise compliance coefficient obtained in step 2), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 3), the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise load variation coefficient obtained in step 4), and the order noise energy distribution coefficient obtained in step 5), the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient is obtained by linear summation and reciprocal operation. 7) Based on the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient obtained in step 6), the scoring results and risk rating results of the electromagnetic noise performance of the vehicle asynchronous motor assembly are obtained according to the preset theoretical classification standard.

2. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； ； ； In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. This represents the average compliance rate of core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise prominence rate under all load conditions. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. The range of rotational speeds where the actual noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under load conditions. The noise prominence rate of the core magnetomotive force harmonic order under a certain load condition. , , These represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise values ​​for the core magnetomotive force harmonic order, respectively. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the rotational speed positions corresponding to the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values ​​mentioned above.

3. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise compliance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； ； ； In the formula, The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. This represents the average compliance rate of tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise under all load conditions. This represents the average saliency of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order noise under all load conditions. For tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, For load conditions, The noise compliance rate of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under a certain load condition. The range of speeds where the actual noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order is lower than the target noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under load conditions. The noise prominence of the harmonic order of the tooth-pole coupling under a certain load condition is given. , , These represent the maximum, second maximum, and third maximum noise values ​​for the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order, respectively. , , These are the target noise values ​​at the rotational speed positions corresponding to the maximum, second largest, and third largest noise values ​​mentioned above.

4. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), the core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( )； ∈{ 、 、 、 、 、 }； In the formula, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, is the number of pole pairs of the rotor. The number of teeth on the rotor. The number of teeth on the stator. The noise load variation factor of order 2P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 6P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 12P under all load conditions. The noise load variation factor of order 18P under all load conditions. Let Z1 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z2 be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The load variation coefficient is the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under all load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the noise average of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 50% load conditions. ( () represents the noise average value of the harmonic order of the core magnetomotive force under 100% load conditions.

5. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4), the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise load variation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； ( ) / ( )+ ( ) / ( )； ∈{ 、 、 、 、 、 }； In the formula, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order, is the number of pole pairs of the rotor. The number of teeth on the rotor. The number of teeth on the stator. The noise load variation coefficients of orders Z1-2P under all load conditions are given. Let Z1-P be the noise load variation coefficients under all load conditions. Let Z1+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. Let Z1+2P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The noise load variation coefficient of order Z2-P under all load conditions. Let Z2+P be the noise load variation coefficient under all load conditions. The load variation coefficient for this tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under all load conditions. The noise value of this tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise value of the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order under 100% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. ( The value represents the average noise level of the tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. ( The noise average value of this tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions is denoted as .

6. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5), the order noise energy distribution coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； ； ； ； In the formula, The noise energy distribution coefficient is the order noise level. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise energy distribution coefficient, The energy distribution coefficient of the harmonic order noise of the tooth-pole coupling is given. Here, n represents the global noise energy distribution coefficient, and n is the harmonic order number of the core magnetomotive force, ranging from 1 to 6. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This represents the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the noise average value of the nth core magnetomotive force harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This represents the average of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise values ​​under 100% load conditions. 'no' is the tooth-pole coupling harmonic order number, ranging from 1 to 6. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 25% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 25% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 50% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 50% load conditions. This represents the average noise value of the no-th tooth-pole coupled harmonic order under 100% load conditions. This is the average of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic order noise values ​​under 100% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 25% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise averages of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the minimum noise average value among the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 50% load conditions. This represents the maximum value among the average noise values ​​of the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. The maximum value among the noise averages of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. This represents the minimum of the noise average values ​​for the six tooth-pole coupled harmonic orders under 100% load conditions. It is the minimum of the noise average values ​​of the six core magnetomotive force harmonic orders under 100% load conditions.

7. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6), the measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient is calculated according to the following formula: ； In the formula, The measured electromagnetic noise performance coefficient of the asynchronous motor assembly is given. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise compliance coefficient. The harmonic order noise compliance factor for tooth-pole coupling. The core magnetomotive force harmonic order noise load variation coefficient, The coefficient for variation of harmonic order noise load in tooth-pole coupling is given. This is the order noise energy distribution coefficient.

8. The rapid evaluation method for electromagnetic noise performance of automotive asynchronous motor assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 7), the theoretical grading criteria include: TO < 3.5, score 1, noise risk out of control; 3.5≤TO<4.4, score 2, high risk of noise; 4.4≤TO<5.2, score 3, indicating potential risks and the need for optimization; 5.2≤TO<5.8, score 4, low noise risk; TO≥5.8, rating 5 points, no risk of noise.

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