An aluminum ingot profile defect detection device based on three-dimensional scanning

Abstract

This invention provides a three-dimensional scanning-based aluminum ingot shape defect detection device, belonging to the field of laser detection technology. It includes a base frame, an infeed conveying assembly, an outfeed conveying assembly, a fixed guide assembly, a moving guide assembly, a laser detection assembly, and a guide-type charging assembly. The infeed and outfeed frames can be tilted, utilizing gravity to achieve unpowered conveying of the aluminum ingot during the detection process. The laser detection assemblies are used in pairs, alternating between each other. They can perform spiral scanning on the conveyed aluminum ingot along the circular path formed by the fixed and moving guide tracks, efficiently and comprehensively detecting defects in the aluminum ingot's shape. Furthermore, when the detection assembly's power is insufficient, the moving guide assembly connects with the charging moving guide track, enabling automatic charging and seamless replacement of the detection assembly. This device achieves efficient and continuous detection of aluminum ingot shape defects, with advantages such as high automation and no blind spots in detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser inspection technology, and in particular to a device for detecting defects in the shape of aluminum ingots based on three-dimensional scanning. Background Technology

[0002] In aluminum production, aluminum ingots serve as a crucial raw material, and their quality directly impacts the performance and market value of subsequent processed products. Visual inspection is a critical step in ensuring aluminum ingots meet standard requirements, primarily involving visual inspection or the use of simple tools to detect defects such as cracks, porosity, and inclusions on the ingot surface. However, traditional manual visual inspection methods suffer from low efficiency, high subjectivity, and a tendency to miss defects, making them unsuitable for the high-precision, high-efficiency inspection demands of modern industrial production.

[0003] With the development of technology, laser scanning-based 3D inspection technology has been gradually applied to the field of aluminum ingot shape defect detection. Laser inspection has the advantages of non-contact measurement, fast response speed, and high measurement accuracy, which can effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional manual inspection.

[0004] Currently, most laser inspection components on the market use wired connections for power supply and data transmission. While this method ensures a stable power supply and data transmission, it restricts the freedom of movement of the inspection component, making it difficult to achieve circumferential rotation scanning. For objects like aluminum ingots that require omnidirectional inspection, the inability to perform circumferential rotation creates blind spots, affecting the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the inspection results. Furthermore, while some laser inspection components using wireless power supply and communication offer a degree of mobility, the lack of an effective automatic charging mechanism limits their battery life, preventing long-term, continuous online inspection. Once the battery is depleted, the system must be shut down for replacement or manual charging, severely impacting the continuity and efficiency of the inspection process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in existing aluminum ingot inspection where wired laser components cannot rotate in a circular motion, and wireless laser components experience inspection interruptions due to insufficient power supply. By incorporating a liftable movable guide component and a guide charging component, the wireless inspection component can automatically charge and alternate between operations while rotating and scanning around the aluminum ingot, ensuring continuous and thorough inspection of the ingot's shape defects.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a three-dimensional scanning-based aluminum ingot shape defect detection device, comprising a base frame, an infeed conveying assembly, an outfeed conveying assembly, a fixed guide assembly, a moving guide assembly, a laser detection assembly, and a guide charging assembly. The infeed conveying assembly includes an infeed frame, the outfeed conveying assembly includes an outfeed frame, the fixed guide assembly includes a fixed guide rail, the moving guide assembly includes a transfer guide rail, the laser detection assembly includes a detection moving frame and a laser scanning probe, and the guide charging assembly includes a charging base and a charging connection base. The in-position bracket is screwed to one side of the top of the base frame component, and the out-position bracket is screwed to the other side of the top of the base frame component. The in-position bracket can tilt towards the out-position bracket at a set angle, and the out-position bracket can tilt in both directions. The fixed guide rail is fixed to the head end of the entry frame, and the bottom of the head end of the entry frame is fixed with a follower frame. The transfer guide rail is slidably connected in the follower frame and can automatically rise and fall. The top center of the base structure is equipped with movable charging guide rails on both sides. The transfer guide rail can move upward to form a complete track with the fixed guide rail, and it can also move downward to form a complete track with the charging guide rail. The laser detection components exist in pairs and are used alternately. The detection mobile frame can move in a circular motion within the complete circular track composed of the transfer guide track and the fixed guide track, and it can also move within the complete track composed of the transfer guide track and the charging mobile guide track. The laser scanning probe is installed and fixed inside the mobile detection frame. A wireless control module is also installed and fixed on one side of the mobile detection frame. The charging base and the charging connector are used together. The charging base is installed and fixed on the top of the base frame component, and the charging connector is installed and fixed on the mobile detection frame. Furthermore, guided by the charging mobile guide rail, an electrical connection can be achieved between the charging connector and the charging base, thus enabling the charging operation of the mobile power supply in the wireless control module.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is used as follows: When it is necessary to inspect the shape defects of aluminum ingots, first adjust the tilt angle of the inlet frame so that it tilts towards the outlet frame at a set angle. Under the action of this gravitational potential energy, the aluminum ingot to be inspected slides into the inlet frame without power and moves towards the outlet frame by its own gravity. The output frame has a bidirectional tilt adjustment function, which is used to screen aluminum ingots. The laser detection component moves circumferentially along a complete circular track composed of a fixed guide rail and a transfer guide rail. The circular motion of the wireless control module, combined with the movement of the aluminum ingot itself, forms a spiral scanning detection of the aluminum ingot. When the detection result is qualified, the output frame and the input frame tilt in the same direction, so that the qualified aluminum ingot is output through the first outlet of the output frame. When the detection result is unqualified, the output frame rotates in the direction perpendicular to the tilt of the input frame, so that the unqualified aluminum ingot is output through the second outlet of the output frame. In detection mode, the transfer guide rail rises and docks with the fixed guide rail to form a closed circular guide path. As the aluminum ingot is transferred between the inlet frame and the outlet frame, the wireless control module can perform spiral scanning of the aluminum ingot. The control system has a minimum power limit for the mobile power supply in the laser detection components. When the laser detection components in use reach this limit, the alternation program of the laser detection components is automatically started. First, the placement frame is rotated to a non-tilted horizontal state, which can cut off the movement of the aluminum ingot in the placement frame. Only when the placement frame is rotated to a horizontal state can the downward movement of the transfer guide rail form a precise docking with the charging mobile guide rail. After the transfer guide rail docks with the charging mobile guide rail, the set of laser detection components that is out of power moves to the empty charging mobile guide rail and is electrically connected to the charging base through the charging connector to achieve charging. At the same time, another set of laser detection components that has completed charging enters the transfer guide rail from the charging mobile guide rail. As the transfer guide rail moves upward into place, the set of laser detection components enters the detection station. Then, the infeed frame is rotated back to the position tilted towards the outfeed frame to continue the inspection of the aluminum ingot; Thus, by scheduling the alternating use of the laser detection components through the control system, defect detection of aluminum ingots can be achieved during the transfer process from the infeed frame to the outfeed frame.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention cleverly utilizes the tilt angle design of the infeed conveyor component, so that the aluminum ingot can slide from the infeed frame to the outfeed frame without power under the action of gravitational potential energy, which simplifies the conveying structure and reduces energy consumption; on this basis, through the cooperation of the moving guide component and the fixed guide component, a circular detection path composed of the transfer guide track and the fixed guide track is constructed; and the outfeed frame has a bidirectional tilting function, which can automatically adjust the tilting direction according to the real-time judgment structure of the laser detection component, and guide qualified products and unqualified products to different exits, realizing the integration and automation of detection and sorting, and significantly improving detection efficiency; (2) The present invention also forms a coordination mechanism between the guide charging component and the mobile guide component. By raising and lowering the transfer guide rail, the device can quickly switch between detection mode and charging mode. In detection mode, the laser detection component moves in a circle in the closed path formed by the transfer guide rail and the fixed guide rail. With the movement of the aluminum ingot, it can perform spiral scanning on the aluminum ingot. In charging mode, the laser detection component that is out of power can be seamlessly moved to the charging mobile guide rail to replenish power in a very short time, while the spare laser detection component enters the detection station at the same time. This complementary and alternating working mode of the two sets of laser detection components, combined with the use of the wireless control module, completely solves the problem of equipment shutdown for maintenance due to insufficient power, realizes uninterrupted continuous operation, greatly improves the stability and reliability of the detection system, and avoids interruption of the production process. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the infeed conveying component and the outfeed conveying component of the present invention and the underlying structure components; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output conveying component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the commutator portion of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the roller portion of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed guide component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving guide component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser detection component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the guide charging component and the laser detection component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the directional charging component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the charging connector and the charging base docking according to the present invention.

[0011] Figure label: 1. Base frame components; 2. In-position conveying assembly; 3. Out-position conveying assembly; 4. Fixed guide assembly; 5. Moving guide assembly; 6. Laser detection assembly; 7. Guided charging assembly; 8. Main controller; 101. Base frame; 102. Cover; 201. In-position fixing seat; 202. In-position frame; 203. In-position rotating seat; 204. In-position electric cylinder fixing seat; 205. In-position servo electric cylinder; 206. In-position electric cylinder rotating seat; 2 07. Roller; 208. Roller seat; 301. Output frame; 302. First fixed rotating seat; 303. Reversing frame; 304. First rotating seat; 305. First electric cylinder fixed rotating seat; 306. First electric cylinder rotating seat; 307. First servo electric cylinder; 308. Second fixed rotating seat; 309. Second rotating seat; 310. Second electric cylinder fixed rotating seat; 311. Second servo electric cylinder; 312. Second electric cylinder rotating seat; 401. Side ear seat; 40 2. Fixed guide rail; 403. Side connecting arm; 404. Fixed guide groove; 405. Fixed gear ring; 501. Follower frame; 502. Auxiliary arc groove; 503. Lifting slide; 504. Transfer guide rail; 505. Transfer guide groove; 506. Transfer gear ring; 507. Bottom connecting seat; 508. Lifting servo cylinder; 509. Roller seat; 510. Roller; 511. Lifting slide column; 601. Detection moving frame; 602, Guide shaft; 603, Guide wheel; 604, Drive seat; 605, Drive shaft; 606, Drive gear; 607, Drive servo motor; 608, Laser scanning probe; 609, Wireless control module; 701, Charging moving guide rail; 702, Charging moving servo motor; 703, Charging seat; 704, Charging connector; 705, Limit seat; 706, Charging moving rack; 707, Charging moving guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0014] Example 1: Examples of three-dimensional scanning inspection of aluminum ingots according to the present invention Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown; The infeed frame 202 in the infeed conveying assembly 2 is screwed to one side of the top of the bottom frame component 1, and the outfeed frame 301 is screwed to the other side of the top of the bottom frame component 1. The infeed frame 202 can tilt towards the outfeed frame 301 at a set angle, and the outfeed frame 301 can tilt in both directions. The output frame 301 can tilt in the same direction as the input frame 202, or it can tilt in a direction perpendicular to that direction, forming a channel for conveying aluminum ingots between the input frame 202 and the output frame 301. The fixed guide rail 402 is fixed to the head end of the entry frame 202 and extends beyond three-quarters of a complete circular path. The bottom of the head end of the entry frame 202 is fixed with a follower frame 501. The transfer guide rail 504 is slidably connected in the follower frame 501 and can automatically rise and fall. The top center of the base structure component 1 is provided with two movable charging guide rails 701, and the transfer guide rail 504 can move upward to form a complete track with the fixed guide rail 402, and can also move downward to form a complete track with the charging guide rail 701. The laser detection components 6 exist in pairs and are used alternately. The detection moving frame 601 can move in a circular motion in the complete circular track formed by the transfer guide track 504 and the fixed guide track 402, and can also move in the complete track formed by the transfer guide track 504 and the charging moving guide track 701. The laser scanning probe 608 is installed and fixed inside the detection mobile frame 601. A wireless control module 609 is also installed and fixed on one side of the detection mobile frame 601. The charging base 703 and the charging connector 704 are used together. The charging base 703 is installed and fixed on the top of the base frame component 1, and the charging connector 704 is installed and fixed on the detection mobile frame 601. Furthermore, through the guidance of the charging mobile guide rail 701, the charging connector 704 and the charging base 703 can be electrically connected to form a charging operation for the mobile power supply in the wireless control module 609. After adjusting the entry frame 202 to a certain tilt angle, the aluminum ingot can move from the entry frame 202 to the exit frame 301 under its own gravity without power drive. The fixed guide assembly 4 is disposed between the in-position frame 202 and the out-position frame 301, and within the range of rotation and tilt of the in-position frame 202, the in-position frame 202, the fixed guide assembly 4 and the out-position frame 301 will not interfere with each other. The output rack 301 can receive aluminum ingots from the input rack 202, and during the process of the aluminum ingots being transferred from the input rack 202 to the output rack 301, the laser detection component 6 set in the fixed guide component 4 can perform spiral scanning of the passing aluminum ingots. The laser detection components 6 exist in pairs and are used alternately. One set of laser detection components 6 moves circumferentially along the complete circular track formed by the fixed guide rail 402 and the transfer guide rail 504, while the other set of laser detection components 6 enters the automatic charging state under the guidance of the corresponding charging moving guide rail 701. The two sets of laser detection components 6 can complement each other and be used alternately. In the wireless connection state, the laser detection components 6 perform spiral scanning. The working principle is as follows: When it is necessary to inspect the shape defects of aluminum ingots, first adjust the tilt angle of the inlet frame 202 so that it tilts towards the outlet frame 301 at a set angle. Under the action of this gravitational potential energy, the aluminum ingot to be inspected slides into the inlet of the inlet frame 202 without power and moves towards the outlet frame 301 by its own gravity. The aluminum ingot to be inspected can be placed at the entrance of the inlet frame 202 by manual or robotic gripping and sliding in by gravity; The output frame 301 has a bidirectional tilt adjustment function, which is used to screen aluminum ingots. The laser detection component 6 moves circumferentially along the complete circular track formed by the fixed guide rail 402 and the transfer guide rail 504. The circular motion of the wireless control module 609, combined with the movement of the aluminum ingot itself, forms a spiral scanning detection of the aluminum ingot. The bidirectional tilt of the output frame 301 is to form two sets of outlets. The first outlet of the output frame 301 is in the same direction as the conveying direction of the input frame 202, and the second outlet is perpendicular to the tilt direction of the input frame 202. When the detection result is qualified, the output frame 301 and the input frame 202 keep tilted in the same direction, so that the qualified aluminum ingot is output through the first outlet of the output frame 301. When the detection result is unqualified, the output frame 301 rotates in the direction perpendicular to the tilt of the input frame 202, so that the unqualified aluminum ingot is output through the second outlet of the output frame 301. The length of the infeed frame 202 must be set to ensure that the aluminum ingot can slide in smoothly by gravity at the set tilt angle, and to reserve space for docking with the upstream feeding device. The length of the outfeed frame 301 must take into account the detection stroke and sorting buffer distance when the aluminum ingot passes through, so as to ensure that qualified and unqualified products can fall into the corresponding output port accurately according to the bidirectional tilt angle. Furthermore, a certain height difference needs to be maintained between the head outlet of the entry frame 202 and the tail inlet of the exit frame 301 to ensure that the aluminum ingot can maintain continuous and stable sliding when transitioning from the entry frame 202 to the exit frame 301. This height difference needs to be strictly limited to ensure that the center of the aluminum ingot is always within the support range. By controlling the magnitude of the height difference, it is possible to prevent the aluminum ingot from tilting or flipping due to inertial impact during the transition, thus ensuring the stability of the detection when the aluminum ingot transitions from the entry frame 202 to the exit frame 301. In detection mode, the transfer guide rail 504 rises and docks with the fixed guide rail 402 to form a closed circular guide path. As the aluminum ingot moves between the inlet frame 202 and the outlet frame 301, the wireless control module 609 can perform a spiral scanning operation on the aluminum ingot. The control system can control the tilt angle of the inlet frame 202 and change the moving speed of the aluminum ingot within the inlet frame 202, so that it matches the circumferential moving speed of the laser detection component 6 along the transfer guide rail 504 and the fixed guide rail 402. This speed synchronization can ensure that the laser scanning probe 608 can perfectly cooperate with the axial movement of the aluminum ingot while rotating and scanning around it, thereby achieving continuous, spiral full-coverage scanning of the aluminum ingot surface and avoiding missed detections. The laser scanning probe 608 collects point cloud data of the aluminum ingot surface and transmits it to the control system in real time. It compares and analyzes the data with the original data built into the control system. When defects such as dimensional deviation, surface depression or protrusion are detected, the system can automatically make a judgment on whether it is qualified. The control system has a minimum power limit for the mobile power supply of the laser detection component 6. When the laser detection component 6 in use reaches this limit, the alternation program of the laser detection component 6 is automatically started. First, the positioning frame 202 is rotated to a non-tilted horizontal state, which can cut off the movement of the aluminum ingot in the positioning frame 202. Only when the positioning frame 202 is rotated to a horizontal state can the downward movement of the transfer guide rail 504 form a precise docking with the charging mobile guide rail 701. After the transfer guide rail 504 docks with the charging mobile guide rail 701, the set of laser detection components 6 that is out of power moves to the empty charging mobile guide rail 701 and is electrically connected to the charging base 703 through the charging connector 704 to achieve charging. At the same time, another set of laser detection components 6 that has completed charging enters the transfer guide rail 504 from the charging mobile guide rail 701. As the transfer guide rail 504 moves upward into place, the set of laser detection components 6 enters the detection station. Subsequently, the infeed frame 202 is rotated again to a position tilted toward the outfeed frame 301 to continue the inspection of the aluminum ingot; Thus, by scheduling the alternating use of the laser detection component 6 through the control system, defect detection of aluminum ingots during the transfer process from the infeed frame 202 to the outfeed frame 301 can be achieved, forming an efficient and reliable industrial inspection solution.

[0015] The specific structures of the base frame component 1, fixed guide assembly 4, moving guide assembly 5, laser detection assembly 6, and guide charging assembly 7 are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the base frame 101 serves as the mounting base, and the cover 102 is fitted over the outside of the base frame 101. The main controller 8 is mounted and fixed on the front side of the cover 102. Both sides of the head end of the positioning frame 202 are fixed with side ear seats 401, and both sides of the main body of the fixed guide rail 402 are fixed with side connecting arms 403. The side connecting arms 403 on the same side are fixed to the side ear seats 401. Fixed guide grooves 404 are provided on both outer sides of the fixed guide rail 402, and a fixed gear ring 405 is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the fixed guide rail 402. Sufficient space is left between the head end of the entry frame 202 and the tail end of the exit frame 301 for arranging the fixed guide component 4 and the laser detection component 6, and the length of this space will not affect the transition of the aluminum ingot from the entry frame 202 to the exit frame 301. The lifting slide 503 is evenly installed and fixed in the main body of the follower frame 501. The bottom of the main body of the transfer guide rail 504 is evenly fixed with lifting slide columns 511. The lifting slide columns 511 on the same side are slidably connected to the lifting slide 503. The bottom connecting seat 507 is fixed to the bottom end of the lifting slide column 511. The bottom end of the follower frame 501 is installed and fixed with a lifting servo cylinder 508. The top end of the push rod of the lifting servo cylinder 508 is fixed to the middle of the bottom end of the bottom connecting seat 507. Transfer guide grooves 505 are provided on both outer sides of the transfer guide rail 504, and the transfer gear ring 506 is located in the middle of the inner surface of the transfer guide rail 504. The lifting servo cylinder 508 is electrically connected to the main controller 8, which can control the precise movement of the push rod of the lifting servo cylinder 508, so that the transfer guide rail 504 can move upward to the position to dock with the fixed guide rail 402, and downward to the position to dock with the charging moving guide rail 701. The bottom end of the follower frame 501 is symmetrically provided with auxiliary arc grooves 502, and the center of the auxiliary arc grooves 502 is coaxial with the rotation center of the positioning seat 203. A roller seat 509 is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame of the bottom frame 101. A roller 510 is screwed into the roller seat 509. The two ends of the roller 510 are respectively rolled in different auxiliary arc grooves 502. Through the rolling connection formed by the roller 510 and the auxiliary arc groove 502, the reliability and stability of the follower frame 501 rotating with the positioning frame 202 can be improved. The outer ends of the detection moving frame 601 are each fixed with a pair of guide shafts 602, and the guide wheels 603 are screwed onto the inner ends of the guide shafts 602. The drive servo motor 607 is installed and fixed on the other side of the detection moving frame 601. The drive seat 604 is installed and fixed in the main body of the detection moving frame 601. The drive shaft 605 is screwed into the drive seat 604. The drive gear 606 is inserted into the inner end of the drive shaft 605. The outer end of the drive shaft 605 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive servo motor 607. The wireless control module 609 consists of a control circuit board, a communication module, and a mobile power supply. The communication module is mounted on the control circuit board and is wirelessly connected to the main controller 8. The mobile power supply is electrically connected to the control circuit board and is used to power the wireless control module 609 and the laser scanning probe 608. The communication module can exchange data with the main controller 8 wirelessly via methods such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or industrial radio frequency. Charging servo motors 702 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top center of the bottom frame 101. The charging servo motors 702 are double push rods or multiple push rods. The head end of the push rod of the charging servo motor 702 is fixedly connected to the outside of the charging guide rail 701. The charging bases 703 are fixedly installed on the two outer sides of the top center of the bottom frame 101. Charging moving guide rail 701 has charging moving guide grooves 707 on both outer sides, and charging moving rack 706 is located in the middle of the inner surface of charging moving guide rail 701. Limit seats 705 are fixed on both sides of the outer end of the charging moving guide rail 701 to form a mechanical limit on the laser detection component 6; The charging dock 703 is electrically connected to the main controller 8, and the charging connector 704 is electrically connected to the control circuit board in the wireless control module 609. This allows the main controller 8 to supply power to the charging connector 704 through the charging dock 703 after the charging connector 704 and the charging dock 703 are precisely connected. The charging connector 704 then transmits the power to the control circuit board in the wireless control module 609. The control circuit board manages and charges the mobile power supply, forming a complete charging circuit. After the transfer guide rail 504 moves upward to the position where it docks with the fixed guide rail 402, the transfer guide groove 505 on the same side precisely docks with the fixed guide groove 404, and the transfer gear ring 506 docks with the fixed gear ring 405 to form a closed loop path. At this time, the guide wheel 603 in the laser detection component 6 is rolled and connected to the transfer guide groove 505 and the fixed guide groove 404, and the drive gear 606 meshes in the transfer gear ring 506 and the fixed gear ring 405. After the control circuit board in the wireless control module 609 receives the control information from the main controller 8 through the communication module, it can automatically start the drive servo motor 607 to drive the drive gear 606 to rotate, so that the drive gear 606, the transfer gear ring 506 and the fixed gear ring 405 cooperate, and drive the laser detection component 6 to move in a circular motion along the closed path formed by the fixed guide rail 402 and the transfer guide rail 504. With the movement of the aluminum ingot, the laser scanning probe 608 can be used to realize the spiral scanning of the aluminum ingot. Similarly, after the transfer guide rail 504 moves downward to the position where it docks with the charging moving guide rail 701, the charging moving guide groove 707 on the same side precisely docks with the fixed guide groove 404, and the transfer gear ring 506 docks with the charging moving rack 706. At this time, the guide wheel 603 in the laser detection component 6 is rolled on the transfer guide groove 505 and the charging moving guide groove 707, and the drive gear 606 meshes in the transfer gear ring 506 and the charging moving rack 706, which can realize the alternation of the two sets of laser detection components 6 in the detection position and the charging position.

[0016] Example 2: Examples of the specific structure and operation of the input conveying component 2 and the output conveying component 3 of the present invention Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown; In the positioning conveying assembly 2, the positioning fixing seat 201 is fixedly connected to the top center of the bottom frame 101, and the bottom of the head end of the positioning frame 202 is fixedly connected to the positioning screw seat 203, which is screwed to the positioning fixing seat 201. A positioning electric cylinder mounting seat 204 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame of the bottom frame 101. A positioning electric cylinder mounting seat 206 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tail end of the positioning frame 202. The bottom of the main body of the positioning servo electric cylinder 205 is screwed to the positioning electric cylinder mounting seat 204. The push rod head of the positioning servo electric cylinder 205 is screwed to the positioning electric cylinder mounting seat 206. The in-position servo cylinder 205 is electrically connected to the main controller 8, which can control the precise extension and retraction of the push rod of the in-position servo cylinder 205. By rotating the push rod of the in-position servo cylinder 205 with the in-position cylinder rotating seat 206, the in-position frame 202 can be driven to rotate around the in-position fixed rotating seat 201 as a reference, so that the in-position frame 202 tilts towards the out-position frame 301 at a set angle. A first fixed seat 302 is fixedly connected to the other side of the frame of the bottom frame 101, and a first seat 304 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the reversing frame 303. The first seat 304 is screwed to the first fixed seat 302. The bottom of the frame 101 is fixed with a first electric cylinder mounting seat 305 at the bottom of the middle part, and the other side of the bottom of the reversing frame 303 is fixed with a first electric cylinder mounting seat 306. The bottom of the main body of the first servo electric cylinder 307 is screwed to the first electric cylinder mounting seat 305, and the push rod head of the first servo electric cylinder 307 is screwed to the first electric cylinder mounting seat 306. The top end of the commutator 303 is uniformly fixed with a second fixed seat 308, and the bottom end of the outlet frame 301 is uniformly fixed with a second seat 309. The second seat 309 on the same side is screwed to the second fixed seat 308. The frame of the reversing frame 303 is also fixedly connected to the second electric cylinder mounting seat 310, and the bottom side of the output frame 301 is fixedly connected to the second electric cylinder mounting seat 312. The bottom of the main body of the second servo electric cylinder 311 is screwed to the second electric cylinder mounting seat 310, and the push rod head of the second servo electric cylinder 311 is screwed to the second electric cylinder mounting seat 312. Similarly, the first servo cylinder 307 and the second servo cylinder 311 are both electrically connected to the main controller 8, which can control the precise extension and retraction of the push rods of the first servo cylinder 307 and the second servo cylinder 311. By utilizing the screw-fitting engagement between the push rod of the first servo cylinder 307 and the first cylinder rotating seat 306, the reversing frame 303 can be rotated in the first direction with the first fixed rotating seat 302 as the reference. By utilizing the screw-fitting engagement between the push rod of the second servo cylinder 311 and the second cylinder rotating seat 312, the exit frame 301 can be rotated in the second direction with the reversing frame 303 as the reference, thereby enabling the exit frame 301 to form a bidirectional rotation and tilting action. The in-position frame 202 and the out-position frame 301 have a flared U-shaped cross-section. Rollers 207 are evenly provided on each inner side of the U-shaped structure. Both ends of the rollers 207 are screwed to roller seats 208. The roller seats 208 are fixed to the inner side of the U-shaped structure, which enables the rollers 207 to rotate freely. Furthermore, the support profile formed by the roller 207 on the inner side of the U-shaped structure is consistent with the cross-sectional profile of the aluminum ingot, which enables the aluminum ingot to slide smoothly within the support profile formed by the roller 207.

[0017] In addition, the servo motors and servo cylinders in the device can ensure the accuracy of the movements. After the main controller 8 issues control commands, the high-precision encoders installed on the servo motors or servo cylinders will detect and feed back the actual position, speed or torque data in real time, and automatically adjust and correct, ensuring that all the movements of the device can achieve extremely high repeatability and stability.

[0018] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting defects in the shape of aluminum ingots based on three-dimensional scanning, comprising a base structure (1), an infeed conveying assembly (2), and an outfeed conveying assembly (3), characterized in that: It also includes a fixed guide assembly (4), a mobile guide assembly (5), a laser detection assembly (6), and a guide charging assembly (7). The infeed conveying assembly (2) includes an infeed frame (202), and the outfeed conveying assembly (3) includes an outfeed frame (301). The infeed frame (202) is screwed to one side of the top of the bottom frame component (1), and the outfeed frame (301) is screwed to the other side of the top of the bottom frame component (1). The infeed frame (202) can tilt toward the outfeed frame (301), and the outfeed frame (301) can tilt in both directions. The fixed guide assembly (4) includes a fixed guide rail (402), the mobile guide assembly (5) includes a transfer guide rail (504), the laser detection assembly (6) includes a detection mobile frame (601), and the guide charging assembly (7) includes a charging connector (704). The fixed guide rail (402) is fixed to the head end of the entry frame (202), and a follower frame (501) is fixed at the bottom of the head end of the entry frame (202). The transfer guide rail (504) is slidably connected in the follower frame (501). The top center of the bottom frame component (1) is provided with two movable charging mobile guide rails (701), and the transfer guide rail (504) can be connected to the fixed guide rail. The guide rail (402) can dock with the charging mobile guide rail (701). The laser detection components (6) exist in pairs. The detection mobile frame (601) can move in the track formed by the transfer guide rail (504) and the fixed guide rail (402), and can also move in the track formed by the transfer guide rail (504) and the charging mobile guide rail (701). The inner end and the side of the detection mobile frame (601) are respectively equipped with a laser scanning probe (608) and a wireless control module (609). The top of the base frame component (1) is equipped with a charging base (703), and the charging connector (704) is installed and fixed on the detection mobile frame (601).

2. The aluminum ingot shape defect detection device based on three-dimensional scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base structure component (1) includes a base frame (101) and a cover (102). The cover (102) is attached to the outside of the base frame (101), and the main controller (8) is installed and fixed on the front side of the cover (102).

3. The aluminum ingot shape defect detection device based on three-dimensional scanning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning conveying assembly (2) also includes a positioning fixing seat (201), a positioning servo cylinder (205), and a roller seat (208). The positioning fixing seat (201) is fixed to the top center of the bottom frame (101). The bottom of the head end of the positioning frame (202) is fixed with a positioning screw seat (203). The positioning screw seat (203) is screwed to the positioning fixing seat (201). The side of the frame of the bottom frame (101) is fixed with a positioning electric cylinder fixing seat (204). The bottom of the tail end of the positioning frame (202) is fixed with a positioning electric cylinder fixing seat (206). The bottom of the main body of the positioning servo cylinder (205) is screwed to the positioning electric cylinder fixing seat (204). The push rod head of the positioning servo cylinder (205) is screwed to the positioning electric cylinder fixing seat (206).

4. The aluminum ingot shape defect detection device based on three-dimensional scanning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outgoing conveying assembly (3) also includes a reversing frame (303), a first servo electric cylinder (307), and a second servo electric cylinder (311). A first fixed mounting seat (302) is fixed to the other side of the frame of the bottom frame (101). A first mounting seat (304) is fixed to one side of the bottom end of the reversing frame (303). The first mounting seat (304) is spun to the first fixed mounting seat (302). A first electric cylinder fixed mounting seat (305) is fixed to the bottom end of the middle part of the frame of the bottom frame (101). A first electric cylinder mounting seat (306) is fixed to the other side of the bottom end of the reversing frame (303). The bottom end of the main body of the first servo electric cylinder (307) is spun to the first electric cylinder fixed mounting seat (305). 7) The push rod head is screwed to the first electric cylinder rotating seat (306). The top of the reversing frame (303) is uniformly fixed with the second fixed rotating seat (308). The bottom of the exit frame (301) is uniformly fixed with the second rotating seat (309). The second rotating seat (309) on the same side is screwed to the second fixed rotating seat (308). The frame of the reversing frame (303) is also fixed with the second electric cylinder fixed rotating seat (310). The bottom of the exit frame (301) is fixed with the second electric cylinder rotating seat (312). The bottom of the main body of the second servo electric cylinder (311) is screwed to the second electric cylinder fixed rotating seat (310). The push rod head of the second servo electric cylinder (311) is screwed to the second electric cylinder rotating seat (312).

5. The aluminum ingot shape defect detection device based on three-dimensional scanning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The in-position frame (202) and the out-position frame (301) have a flared U-shaped cross-section. Rollers (207) are evenly provided on each inner side of the U-shaped structure. Both ends of the rollers (207) are screwed to the roller seat (208), and the roller seat (208) is fixed to the inner side of the U-shaped structure.

6. A device for detecting aluminum ingot shape defects based on three-dimensional scanning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The fixed guide assembly (4) also includes a fixed gear ring (405). The head end of the positioning frame (202) is fixed with side ear seats (401) on both sides. The main body of the fixed guide rail (402) is fixed with side connecting arms (403) on both sides. The side connecting arms (403) on the same side are fixed to the side ear seats (401). Fixed guide grooves (404) are provided on both sides of the outer side of the fixed guide rail (402). The fixed gear ring (405) is located in the middle of the inner surface of the fixed guide rail (402).

7. A device for detecting aluminum ingot shape defects based on three-dimensional scanning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The moving guide assembly (5) also includes a lifting slide (503), a transfer gear ring (506), and a bottom connecting seat (507). The lifting slide (503) is evenly installed and fixed in the main body of the follower frame (501). The bottom of the main body of the transfer guide rail (504) is evenly fixed with a lifting column (511). The lifting column (511) on the same side is slidably connected to the lifting slide (503). The bottom connecting seat (507) is fixed to the bottom end of the lifting column (511). The bottom end of the follower frame (501) is installed and fixed with a lifting servo cylinder (508). The top end of the push rod of the lifting servo cylinder (508) is fixed to the middle of the bottom end of the bottom connecting seat (507). Transfer guide grooves (505) are provided on both sides of the outer side of the transfer guide rail (504). The transfer gear ring (506) is located in the middle of the inner surface of the transfer guide rail (504).

8. A device for detecting aluminum ingot shape defects based on three-dimensional scanning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The laser detection assembly (6) also includes a guide wheel (603), a drive shaft (605), a drive gear (606), and a drive servo motor (607). The outer ends of the detection moving frame (601) are fixed with pairs of guide shafts (602). The guide wheel (603) is screwed into the inner end of the guide shaft (602). The drive servo motor (607) is installed and fixed on the other side of the detection moving frame (601). The main body of the detection moving frame (601) is installed and fixed with a drive seat (604). The drive shaft (605) is screwed into the drive seat (604). The drive gear (606) is inserted into the inner end of the drive shaft (605). The outer end of the drive shaft (605) is fixed to the output shaft of the drive servo motor (607).

9. A device for detecting aluminum ingot shape defects based on three-dimensional scanning according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The guide charging assembly (7) also includes a charging moving rack (706). Charging moving servo motors (702) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top center of the bottom frame (101). The head end of the push rod of the charging moving servo motor (702) is fixedly connected to the outside of the charging moving guide rail (701). Charging seats (703) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top center of the bottom frame (101). Charging moving guide grooves (707) are provided on both sides of the outside of the charging moving guide rail (701). The charging moving rack (706) is located in the middle of the inner surface of the charging moving guide rail (701).

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