Coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method based on time domain reflection feedback

Abstract

The application relates to a coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method based on time domain reflection feedback. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a target impedance model; calibrating an assembly zero point; driving a shielding shell to quickly approach a preset safe depth; performing a fine regulation cycle of step-by-step pressing and impedance detection to obtain an instantaneous impedance characteristic value; and stopping pressing and fixing the position of the shielding shell when the instantaneous impedance characteristic value falls within the target impedance parameter range. The application controls the mechanical assembly depth through the electrical performance feedback closed loop, effectively eliminates the influence of the manufacturing tolerance on the characteristic impedance, solves the impedance dispersion problem in the assembly of special-shaped terminals, and significantly improves the high-frequency performance consistency and assembly yield of the connector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of connector manufacturing, and in particular to a dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback. Background Technology

[0002] As automotive electronic systems become increasingly miniaturized and compact, recessed coaxial connectors with Z-shaped terminal structures have gained widespread use in order to effectively reduce the stacking height of components on circuit boards. This type of connector designs its signal transmission terminals with a stepped geometry featuring continuous reverse bends, allowing the main body of the connector to be recessed below the cutout plane of the printed circuit board, thus saving vertical mounting space.

[0003] However, this Z-shaped bending structure faces specific technological challenges in manufacturing. Because the signal transmission terminals require multiple precision stamping and bending processes, the metal material exhibits varying degrees of elastic rebound after bending deformation. Due to fluctuations in the hardness of raw material batches and the wear of the molds, the bending angle and step height of the Z-shaped structure are often difficult to maintain absolute consistency. This means that within the insulating base, the actual horizontal height of the signal transmission terminal relative to the reference surface will have a slight fluctuation deviation.

[0004] In existing assembly processes, a fixed stroke is typically used to press the shielding housing into the insulating base. However, this rigid assembly method, lacking adaptive adjustment capability, exposes problems due to the inherent height variation of the Z-shaped terminals. When the shielding housing is pressed to a fixed depth, individual differences in terminal height cause the vertical coupling distance between the shielding housing and the signal transmission terminal to not precisely match the design value. According to coaxial transmission theory, this deviation in vertical distance directly alters the distributed capacitance of the transmission line, leading to a deviation of the characteristic impedance from the target value. This results in mass-produced Z-shaped connectors exhibiting large impedance dispersion and unstable high-frequency performance, making it difficult to meet the quality requirements of high-speed data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the impact of component manufacturing tolerances on electrical performance and achieve precise control of characteristic impedance, this application provides a dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback.

[0006] This application provides a dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback, which adopts the following technical solution: A dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback is applied to the assembly of a coaxial connector. The coaxial connector includes an insulating base, a signal transmission terminal disposed within the insulating base, and a shielding housing movable axially relative to the insulating base. The dynamic assembly control method for the coaxial connector includes the following steps: S1. Set the target impedance parameter range that meets the preset tolerance requirements; S2. Drive the shielding shell to contact a target bearing surface on the insulating base, and mark the contact position as the assembly reference zero point; S3. Drive the shielding housing from the assembly reference zero point to a preset safe depth position at a first speed; S4. Starting from the preset safety depth position, perform a cyclic action of step-by-step pressing and impedance detection to obtain the instantaneous impedance characteristic value at the current position; S5. Compare the instantaneous impedance characteristic value with the target impedance parameter range; when the instantaneous impedance characteristic value falls within the target impedance parameter range, stop pressing and fix the position of the shielding shell.

[0007] Optionally, the sub-steps of step S1 include: Obtain electromagnetic transmission characteristic data of a standard reference sample; Statistical analysis is performed on the electromagnetic transmission characteristic data to extract impedance distribution features and generate the target impedance parameter range for evaluating assembly quality.

[0008] Optionally, the sub-steps of step S2 include: Real-time monitoring of contact stress feedback during the movement of the shielding shell; When the contact stress feedback reaches the preset contact determination threshold, contact is determined to have occurred and the displacement is stopped. The current axial coordinate is recorded as the assembly reference zero point.

[0009] Optionally, the control logic for the driving speed in steps S3 and S4 is as follows: In step S3, the shielding housing is driven at the first speed; In step S4, the step-by-step pressing is performed at a second speed; wherein the first speed is greater than the second speed, and the preset safety depth position is located at a predetermined distance before the shielding shell enters the position corresponding to the target impedance parameter range.

[0010] Optionally, the signal transmission terminal has a geometrically bent region, and the impedance detection step in step S4 includes: S41. Transmit a detection signal to the signal transmission terminal and acquire the reflected waveform; S42. Based on the geometric structural features of the signal transmission terminal, establish a mapping relationship between the time domain and spatial location, and extract the time window of interest corresponding to the geometric bending region on the time axis of the reflected waveform; S43. Perform data processing on the reflected waveform within the time window of interest, filter out background noise, and calculate and generate the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

[0011] Optionally, the step-by-step pressing in step S4 follows the following logic: Based on the principle of coaxial transmission lines, a mapping relationship is established between the indentation depth of the shielding shell and its characteristic impedance; When the instantaneous impedance characteristic value is higher than the upper limit of the target impedance parameter range, a downward pressure command is generated according to the mapping relationship, driving the shielding shell to perform a micro-motion step in the direction close to the insulating base.

[0012] Optionally, the step of fixing the position of the shielding housing in step S5 includes: S51. Switch the drive mode to constant torque output to apply a continuous active clamping force to the shielding housing to overcome the rebound stress; S52. While maintaining the active clamping force, use an external energy source to solidify and connect the mating interface formed by the shielding shell and the insulating base.

[0013] Optionally, the geometric bending area of ​​the signal transmission terminal is a Z-shaped bending structure, and the insulating base is provided with an air conditioning window at the position corresponding to the Z-shaped bending structure; The step-by-step pressing in step S4 adjusts the dielectric distribution ratio at the Z-shaped bend structure by changing the depth of the shielding shell covering the air conditioning window, thereby correcting the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

[0014] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application constructs a closed-loop control system for electrical performance and mechanical displacement, directly using characteristic impedance as the criterion for determining the assembly endpoint. This control method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fixed-stroke processes that cannot adapt to component dimensional tolerances. In particular, it effectively compensates for height fluctuations caused by bending and springback of the Z-shaped signal transmission terminals by dynamically adjusting the pressing depth of the shielding shell. This method dynamically matches the assembly depth of each connector with its actual electrical characteristics, eliminating the impact of batch material differences and cumulative tolerances on high-frequency performance, and significantly improving the consistency and yield of product characteristic impedance in mass production.

[0015] 2. This application employs a segmented speed control strategy, dividing the assembly process into a rapid approach stage and a fine-tuning stage by setting a preset safe depth position. This dual-stage control logic ensures micron-level impedance adjustment accuracy while significantly shortening the action time of non-critical strokes, avoiding the problem of excessively long production cycle times caused by full-stroke step detection. This design effectively resolves the contradiction between high-precision dynamic feedback control and industrial-scale mass production efficiency, making precision assembly technology based on time-domain reflection feedback valuable for practical engineering applications.

[0016] 3. After determining that impedance matching has been achieved, this application introduces a locking mechanism combining constant torque active clamping and position solidification. This mechanism continuously applies an active load during the solidification process to overcome material springback stress, effectively preventing minute displacements caused by stress release from the insulating base or metal components when external assembly pressure is removed. This ensures that the optimal impedance position set during dynamic assembly is permanently and stably solidified, guaranteeing that the coaxial connector maintains a stable mechanical structure and excellent RF performance even under long-term use or harsh operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coaxial connector in one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors in one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Insulating base; 2. Signal transmission terminal; 3. Shielding housing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0021] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth for purposes of explanation in order to provide a thorough understanding of the inventive concept. As part of this specification, some of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure are block diagrams illustrating structures and devices to avoid complicating the disclosed principles. For clarity, not all features of the actual embodiment need to be described. Furthermore, the language used in this disclosure has been primarily chosen for readability and instructional purposes and may not have been chosen to define or limit the subject matter of the invention, thus requiring the necessary claims to determine such inventive subject matter. References to “an embodiment” or “an embodiment” in this disclosure mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment, and multiple references to “an embodiment” or “an embodiment” should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment.

[0022] Unless explicitly defined, the terms “a,” “an,” and “the” are not intended to refer to a singular entity, but rather to include a general category whose specific examples can be used for illustration. Therefore, the use of the terms “a” or “an” can mean any number of at least one, including “a,” “one or more,” “at least one,” and “one or more.” The term “or” means any of the options and any combination of the options, including all options unless explicitly indicated that the options are mutually exclusive. The phrase “at least one of” when combined with a list of items refers to a single item in the list or any combination of items in the list. The phrase does not require all items listed unless explicitly defined as such.

[0023] This embodiment provides a dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback. This method is mainly applied to the precision assembly of coaxial connectors in the fields of automotive radio frequency communication or high-speed data transmission. See also Figure 1 The structure shown indicates that the coaxial connector mainly consists of an insulating base 1, a signal transmission terminal 2, and a shielding housing 3.

[0024] The insulating base 1, serving as the main skeleton of the connector, is typically injection molded from engineering plastics with low dielectric constants, such as liquid crystal polymers, nylon, or polybutylene terephthalate, and functions to support the internal conductors and provide electrical isolation. The signal transmission terminal 2, located inside the insulating base 1, carries high-frequency electrical signals and is usually made of copper alloy with excellent conductivity. The shielding shell 3, fitted over the insulating base 1, can be made of stamped copper alloy sheet or die-cast zinc alloy. It not only provides electromagnetic shielding and grounding but also functions as an active adjustment component in this embodiment, configured to allow for a slight axial sliding displacement relative to the insulating base 1. This displacement can be either an interference fit or a clearance fit, depending on the clamping process during assembly.

[0025] For applications with limited mounting space on the board, the geometric bending area of ​​signal transmission terminal 2 is designed as a Z-shaped bending structure. Specifically, this Z-shaped bending structure includes a first horizontal segment, a second horizontal segment, and a vertical transition segment connecting the two horizontal segments. Through continuous reverse bending, the contact end and the welding end of the terminal are at different horizontal heights, thereby achieving recessed mounting. Due to the elastic memory effect of metal materials after stamping and bending, the actual height and angle of this Z-shaped bending structure often have slight manufacturing tolerances and springback deviations. This uncertainty in geometric dimensions is the main reason for the dispersion of characteristic impedance.

[0026] To facilitate subsequent dynamic impedance adjustment, the insulating base 1 has an air conditioning window at the location corresponding to the Z-shaped bend structure. This air conditioning window is manifested as a rectangular slot, notch, or through-hole penetrating the top or side wall of the insulating base 1. Its function is to directly expose a portion of the Z-shaped bend structure to the air medium, rather than completely encasing it in the plastic material of the insulating base 1. Based on this structure, when the shielding shell 3 is pressed downwards axially, the inner metal wall of the shielding shell 3 gradually covers or penetrates the area where the air conditioning window is located. Since the dielectric constant of air is significantly lower than that of engineering plastics, the change in the coverage depth of the shielding shell 3 directly alters the composite dielectric constant around the bend area and the coupling capacitance between the terminals and the shielding layer, thus forming a physically variable impedance adjustment mechanism.

[0027] For reference Figure 2 The flowchart shown illustrates that the coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method mainly includes the following steps S1-S5.

[0028] S1. Set the target impedance parameter range that meets the preset tolerance requirements.

[0029] The characteristic impedance of a coaxial connector is a key physical quantity for measuring its high-frequency transmission quality, typically defined as the ratio of voltage to current on the transmission line. When the characteristic impedance mismatches with the system impedance (e.g., 50 ohms), it causes partial signal reflection, leading to an increased voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and worsened reflection loss, thus affecting the integrity of signal transmission. During dynamic assembly, due to unavoidable stamping and injection molding tolerances of components, simple theoretical fixed values ​​cannot cover the fluctuations in actual production. Therefore, it is necessary to set a target impedance parameter range that includes upper and lower limits, rather than a single theoretical value.

[0030] In the specific implementation of step S1, in order to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation criteria, this step includes sub-steps S11-S12.

[0031] S11. Obtain electromagnetic transmission characteristic data of a standard reference sample.

[0032] S12. Perform statistical analysis on the electromagnetic transmission characteristic data, extract impedance distribution characteristics, and generate the target impedance parameter range for evaluating assembly quality.

[0033] A standard reference sample refers to a connector entity that strictly conforms to design specifications in terms of geometry, material properties, and assembly process, and whose excellent RF performance has been confirmed through testing. When selecting this sample, it is essential to ensure that its critical dimensions (such as terminal width and shielding spacing) are near the center value of the design tolerance. Electromagnetic transmission characteristic data is typically obtained using high-precision RF test instruments, such as vector network analyzers or time-domain reflectometers with TDR modules. Impedance is quantified by transmitting a step pulse and receiving the reflected waveform. After obtaining the raw data, multiple measurements are repeated on several standard samples, and the arithmetic mean of the results is taken to eliminate random errors from single measurements. The impedance distribution characteristics extracted through statistical analysis reflect the background impedance of the test system itself (such as inherent inductance or capacitance introduced by the test fixture), which can then be eliminated when setting targets. Finally, based on the statistically derived average impedance center value and combined with the tolerance band allowed by the product design, a control target range that meets both electrical performance requirements and mass production process capabilities is synthesized.

[0034] After the target setting is completed, step S2 is executed: drive the shielding shell 3 to contact a target bearing surface on the insulating base 1, and mark the contact position as the assembly reference zero point.

[0035] Establishing the assembly reference zero point is to eliminate absolute coordinate deviations caused by the stacking of height tolerances of the components themselves. The target bearing surface is usually chosen as a rigid plane on the top of the insulating base 1, which has high dimensional stability during injection molding and is suitable as a mechanical reference. In this step, the precision servo drive unit typically uses position mode or speed mode control to drive the shielding housing 3 to move downwards at a relatively slow speed. Once the zero point is determined, all subsequent displacements will no longer depend on external absolute coordinates, but will be converted to relative coordinates relative to that zero point, thereby ensuring that the press-in depth of each connector is calculated based on its actual contact position, eliminating errors caused by inconsistent starting positions.

[0036] For determining the contact state in step S2, the following sub-steps S21-S22 are preferred.

[0037] S21. Real-time monitoring of contact stress feedback during the movement of the shielding shell 3.

[0038] S22. When the contact stress feedback reaches the preset contact determination threshold, contact is determined to have occurred and the displacement is stopped. The current axial coordinate is recorded as the assembly reference zero point.

[0039] Contact stress feedback is typically acquired through a force sensor installed at the end of the servo press or through a current loop feedback within the servo motor. Compared to visual positioning, which is limited by lighting and obstructions, or simple position feedback, which cannot perceive physical contact, stress feedback directly reflects the physical contact state between mechanical components, offering higher reliability. The preset contact judgment threshold must be set higher than the frictional resistance during system operation, but far lower than the pressure value that could cause component deformation, to prevent misjudgment or damage. In terms of control logic, when the monitored real-time pressure value first exceeds this threshold, the controller immediately triggers an interrupt signal, instructing the servo motor to stop rotating and reading the current value from the grating ruler or encoder as the zero-point coordinate. This method effectively overcomes the problem of uncertain starting position caused by batch height differences in the shielding housing 3 or insulating base 1, achieving adaptive zero-point calibration.

[0040] After determining the reference zero point, proceed to step S3: drive the shielding housing 3 to move from the assembly reference zero point at a first speed to a preset safe depth position.

[0041] There is typically a significant idle travel, such as several millimeters, from the contact zero point to near the final assembly position. A rapid approach phase is established to utilize this travel to increase production cycle time. The initial speed is set at a relatively high operating speed to quickly traverse this non-critical area. The preset safety depth position is pre-calculated based on the theoretical design height and tolerance analysis of the coaxial connector, and is usually set at a point with a certain margin (e.g., 0.1mm to 0.2mm) from the theoretical final position. At this stage, since the critical impedance-sensitive area has not yet been reached, an open-loop position control mode is sufficient, eliminating the need for time-consuming impedance detection and closed-loop feedback, thus achieving a balance between speed and accuracy. From a spatial geometry perspective, the safety depth position is located before the critical point where the shielding housing 3 and the signal terminals form effective electromagnetic coupling.

[0042] Then, the core control phase begins, executing step S4: starting from the preset safety depth position, a cyclic action of step-by-step pressing and impedance detection is performed to obtain the instantaneous impedance characteristic value at the current position.

[0043] Stepped press-in refers to the servo drive unit performing intermittent motion in extremely small displacement increments (e.g., 5 or 10 micrometers). Each micro-step must be set less than the sensitivity threshold for impedance changes. Impedance detection is typically initiated during the static interval after each mechanical movement stops to avoid motion noise interfering with the test signal. This cyclical action constitutes a closed-loop control process of press-in-stop-test-judgment. In this process, the instantaneous impedance characteristic value is a feedback variable used to describe the electromagnetic transmission characteristics under the current geometry; it reflects in real time whether the current mechanical depth meets electrical performance requirements. This step, through this alternating execution mechanism, correlates the physical quantity of mechanical displacement with the analog quantity of electrical performance in real time.

[0044] To balance assembly efficiency and control precision, the control logic for the drive speed in steps S3 and S4 is set as follows: In step S3, the shielding housing 3 is driven at the first speed; In step S4, the step-by-step pressing is performed at a second speed; wherein the first speed is greater than the second speed, and the preset safety depth position is located at a predetermined distance before the shielding housing 3 enters the position corresponding to the target impedance parameter range.

[0045] This control logic implements segmented speed regulation. The first speed is primarily used to shorten idle travel time and improve overall production efficiency; while the second speed is significantly reduced, working in conjunction with stepping motion to achieve micron-level precise positioning. A preset safe depth position serves as the dividing point for speed switching, and its location is crucial. It must be ensured that before entering this position, the shielding housing 3 has not yet reached the area that might lead to impedance compliance, thus preserving sufficient adjustment margin. This design ensures rapid approach during the coarse adjustment phase, and during the fine adjustment phase (i.e., at a predetermined distance before entering the position corresponding to the target impedance parameter range), it can approach the optimal impedance point with extremely high resolution, avoiding exceeding the target value due to excessive speed.

[0046] Regarding the geometric bending region characteristics of the signal transmission terminal 2, the impedance detection step in step S4 specifically includes S41-S43.

[0047] S41. Transmit a detection signal to the signal transmission terminal 2 and collect the reflected waveform.

[0048] S42. Based on the geometric structural features of the signal transmission terminal 2, establish a mapping relationship between the time domain and spatial location, and extract the time window of interest corresponding to the geometric bending region on the time axis of the reflected waveform.

[0049] S43. Perform data processing on the reflected waveform within the time window of interest, filter out background noise, and calculate and generate the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

[0050] Optionally, the step-by-step pressing in step S4 follows the following logic: Based on the principle of coaxial transmission lines, a mapping relationship is established between the indentation depth of the shielding shell 3 and its characteristic impedance; When the instantaneous impedance characteristic value is higher than the upper limit of the target impedance parameter range, a downward pressure command is generated according to the mapping relationship, driving the shielding shell 3 to perform a micro-motion step in the direction close to the insulating base 1.

[0051] This step analyzes the characteristics of the transmission system by sending a step pulse with a fast rising edge to the transmission line and measuring the reflected voltage waveform caused by impedance discontinuities. Utilizing the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium, the reflected signal on the time axis can be precisely mapped to the physical spatial coordinates along the axial direction inside the coaxial connector. A focus time window is used to lock onto a specific region on the time-domain waveform—the physical segment where the signal terminal undergoes geometric bending—thereby isolating and shielding against background impedance interference from non-focus areas such as test cables, connector interfaces, and PCB pads. Data processing algorithms typically involve integrating or averaging the data within the capture window, combined with filtering algorithms to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Based on coaxial structure theory, reducing the distance between the shielding layer and the center conductor leads to a decrease in characteristic impedance.

[0052] Therefore, the core logic of closed-loop feedback is: when the detected instantaneous impedance is higher than the target upper limit, it indicates that the current capacitive coupling is insufficient (the spacing is too large). Based on this, the system generates a downward pressure command to drive the shielding shell 3 to continue to move downward slightly, so as to physically reduce the spacing and reduce the impedance.

[0053] In addition, the step-by-step pressing in step S4 adjusts the dielectric distribution ratio at the Z-shaped bending structure by changing the depth of the shielding shell 3 covering the air conditioning window, thereby correcting the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

[0054] In the insulating base 1, the air conditioning window typically manifests as a hollow or slotted structure corresponding to the terminal bend. The dielectric in this area is primarily composed of air (relative permittivity approximately 1.0). When the shielding shell 3 is pressed downwards, its metal walls gradually cover and penetrate this area, altering the electric field distribution between the signal transmission terminal 2 and the ground layer. Specifically, the displacement of the shielding shell 3 changes the effective volume ratio and coupling path between the air surrounding the terminal and the plastic of the insulating base 1 (relative permittivity typically greater than 3.0). The change in the mixed dielectric constant directly affects the capacitance per unit length of the coaxial structure, thereby adjusting the characteristic impedance value. The Z-shaped bend structure, due to its abrupt geometric change, is often a challenge for impedance control (typically manifesting as an inductive abrupt change). Compensation through adjusting the dielectric distribution is an effective physical correction method. This mechanism allows minute mechanical vertical displacements to be converted into minute electrical impedance corrections, achieving high-precision tuning.

[0055] Finally, step S5 is executed: the instantaneous impedance characteristic value is compared with the target impedance parameter range; when the instantaneous impedance characteristic value falls within the target impedance parameter range, the pressing is stopped and the position of the shielding shell 3 is fixed.

[0056] After each step detection, the controller compares the calculated instantaneous impedance characteristic value with the preset target impedance parameter range. The target impedance parameter range is the sole criterion for determining product qualification. When the real-time measured value first enters this range (i.e., greater than the lower limit and less than the upper limit), the system determines that the connector has reached impedance matching. At this point, the control logic immediately triggers an action switch, instructing the servo drive unit to stop mechanical feeding. This prevents excessive pressing that could lead to low impedance or component crushing, and also protects precision components. Subsequently, the system switches from a dynamic adjustment state to a static locking state, preparing for position fixation.

[0057] In the curing stage of step S5, in order to prevent displacement caused by stress release, the step of fixing the position of the shielding shell 3 includes S51-S52.

[0058] S51. Switch the drive mode to constant torque output to apply a continuous active clamping force to the shielding housing 3 to overcome the rebound stress.

[0059] S52. While maintaining the active clamping force, use an external energy source to solidify and connect the mating interface formed by the shielding shell 3 and the insulating base 1.

[0060] When the engineering plastic of the insulating base 1 and the metal shielding shell 3 are in interference fit or tight contact, elastic deformation occurs. Once the external assembly pressure is removed, the residual stress inside the material is released, causing a slight springback displacement of the components. This slight displacement is sufficient to cause the just-set impedance value to deviate from the target range. Therefore, after the displacement stops, the servo drive unit switches to constant torque output mode, continuously applying a constant active clamping force. This force is sufficient to overcome the springback tendency of the material and maintain the current geometric position. In this state, an external energy source such as laser welding, UV adhesive curing, or thermal riveting is used to permanently connect the mating interface. This process physically locks the dynamically adjusted optimal impedance position, ultimately achieving the dual effect of mechanical structural stability and electrical performance stability, ensuring that the product's performance does not drift during subsequent use.

[0061] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic assembly control method for coaxial connectors based on time-domain reflection feedback, characterized in that, An assembly method for a coaxial connector is applied, the coaxial connector comprising an insulating base, a signal transmission terminal disposed within the insulating base, and a shielding housing movable axially relative to the insulating base; the dynamic assembly control method for the coaxial connector includes the following steps: S1. Set the target impedance parameter range that meets the preset tolerance requirements; S2. Drive the shielding shell to contact a target bearing surface on the insulating base, and mark the contact position as the assembly reference zero point; S3. Drive the shielding housing from the assembly reference zero point to a preset safe depth position at a first speed; S4. Starting from the preset safety depth position, perform a cyclic action of step-by-step pressing and impedance detection to obtain the instantaneous impedance characteristic value at the current position; S5. Compare the instantaneous impedance characteristic value with the target impedance parameter range; when the instantaneous impedance characteristic value falls within the target impedance parameter range, stop pressing and fix the position of the shielding shell.

2. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-steps of step S1 include: Obtain electromagnetic transmission characteristic data of a standard reference sample; Statistical analysis is performed on the electromagnetic transmission characteristic data to extract impedance distribution features and generate the target impedance parameter range for evaluating assembly quality.

3. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sub-steps of step S2 include: Real-time monitoring of contact stress feedback during the movement of the shielding shell; When the contact stress feedback reaches the preset contact determination threshold, contact is determined to have occurred and the displacement is stopped. The current axial coordinate is recorded as the assembly reference zero point.

4. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control logic for the driving speed in steps S3 and S4 is as follows: In step S3, the shielding housing is driven at the first speed; In step S4, the step-by-step pressing is performed at a second speed; wherein the first speed is greater than the second speed, and the preset safety depth position is located at a predetermined distance before the shielding shell enters the position corresponding to the target impedance parameter range.

5. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The signal transmission terminal has a geometrically bent area, and the impedance detection step in step S4 includes: S41. Transmit a detection signal to the signal transmission terminal and acquire the reflected waveform; S42. Based on the geometric structural features of the signal transmission terminal, establish a mapping relationship between the time domain and spatial location, and extract the time window of interest corresponding to the geometric bending region on the time axis of the reflected waveform; S43. Perform data processing on the reflected waveform within the time window of interest, filter out background noise, and calculate and generate the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

6. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step-by-step pressing in step S4 follows the following logic: Based on the principle of coaxial transmission lines, a mapping relationship is established between the indentation depth of the shielding shell and its characteristic impedance; When the instantaneous impedance characteristic value is higher than the upper limit of the target impedance parameter range, a downward pressure command is generated according to the mapping relationship, driving the shielding shell to perform a micro-motion step in the direction close to the insulating base.

7. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of fixing the position of the shielding shell in step S5 includes: S51. Switch the drive mode to constant torque output to apply a continuous active clamping force to the shielding housing to overcome the rebound stress; S52. While maintaining the active clamping force, use an external energy source to solidify and connect the mating interface formed by the shielding shell and the insulating base.

8. The coaxial connector dynamic assembly control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The geometric bending area of ​​the signal transmission terminal is a Z-shaped bending structure, and the insulating base is provided with an air conditioning window at the position corresponding to the Z-shaped bending structure; The step-by-step pressing in step S4 adjusts the dielectric distribution ratio at the Z-shaped bend structure by changing the depth of the shielding shell covering the air conditioning window, thereby correcting the instantaneous impedance characteristic value.

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