Battery box on-board base structure for battery replacement heavy truck

Abstract

This invention discloses a vehicle-mounted base structure for a battery box of a heavy-duty truck undergoing battery swapping, including a bottom frame structure. A floating connection structure is provided at the top of the middle part of the bottom frame structure. Multiple positioning pin structures and multiple pneumatic locking devices are provided on the inner side of the bottom frame structure. The floating connection structure includes a base plate. The conical positioning pin structure and the horizontal floating structure of the floating connection structure cooperate with each other, and the positioning correction and position self-adaptation complement each other. Under the linkage of the two, the accuracy threshold of battery swapping alignment is greatly reduced. Moreover, the connector can float horizontally during connection, effectively avoiding the horizontal tensile stress generated during the battery box placement process and avoiding damage to the connector. The combination of horizontal floating and vertical elastic floating in the floating connection structure works together to form a superimposed protection effect through multi-dimensional displacement compensation. It can not only adapt to the battery box placement deviation, but also buffer the docking impact. The dual buffer linkage significantly reduces the probability of connector collision and deformation damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of heavy-duty truck battery swapping bases, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted base structure for a heavy-duty truck battery box for battery swapping. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electric heavy-duty trucks (including mining trucks) in my country mainly operate on two modes: charging and battery swapping. For charging heavy-duty trucks, the battery pack is generally mounted on the left and right sides and completely fixed to the main longitudinal beams of the vehicle body, with the left and right packs connected by crossbeams.

[0003] For battery-swapping heavy-duty trucks, there are two main ways to fix the battery box: one is to place it behind the cab, and the other is to place it under the truck bed, on the left and right sides of the main longitudinal beam of the frame. Since the battery box of the battery-swapping heavy-duty truck needs to be frequently removed and placed, the connection between the battery box and the base should be easy to position and have high reliability. After the battery box for battery swapping is installed on the frame, it needs to be constrained in the X, Y, and Z directions of the entire vehicle. The battery swapping base needs to achieve the effect of quick loading and unloading of the battery box. When replacing the battery box, the connector part is subjected to a large impact, so a buffer structure is generally set.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention application CN113400994A, published on September 17, 2021, discloses a non-powered battery swapping heavy-duty truck battery swapping assembly, including a heavy-duty truck battery swapping battery pack and a battery pack base matched and connected to the lower part of the heavy-duty truck battery swapping battery pack. The heavy-duty truck battery swapping battery pack includes a battery pack storage rack, a plurality of battery swapping battery pack units installed in the battery pack storage rack, and a charging interface provided on one side of the battery pack storage rack. The battery pack base includes a base frame matched with the bottom of the heavy-duty truck battery swapping battery pack; a primary positioning unit, a secondary positioning unit, and a tertiary positioning unit are installed in the base frame.

[0005] However, the current battery box bases used for battery swapping have the following drawbacks: When swapping batteries, the battery box is placed using a positioning pin as a guide. The battery box requires high positional accuracy, which is difficult to achieve in practice. Therefore, a conical guide pin structure is used to allow the battery box to have a small offset in the XY direction. However, the connector position usually only has vertical elastic buffer. So when the battery box is installed, the connector surface is sometimes already in contact with the battery box when the guide pin is adjusted to the horizontal position. It will move in the vertical direction, and the connector will directly affect the contact with the battery box and be subjected to horizontal pulling force. Sometimes, it will also be affected by the step at the connection point, which further increases the pulling effect, making the connector edge easy to be damaged. In severe cases, the connector itself will be damaged.

[0006] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, a vehicle-mounted base structure for the battery box of a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted base structure for a battery box of a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery box vehicle base structure for battery swapping heavy trucks, including a bottom frame structure, a floating connection structure provided at the top of the middle part of the bottom frame structure, multiple positioning pin structures and multiple pneumatic locks provided on the inner side of the bottom frame structure, the floating connection structure including a bottom plate, a horizontal floating plate slidably provided on the top surface of the bottom plate, multiple mounting plates uniformly fixed to the top surface of the horizontal floating plate, and a connector fixedly sleeved on each mounting plate. A square cavity is opened in the middle of the top surface of the base plate. A sliding plate is horizontally slidably connected in the square cavity. A through groove is opened in the sliding plate. A sliding block is horizontally slidably connected in the through groove. The sliding path of the sliding block is perpendicular to the sliding path of the sliding plate. The floating connection structure also includes multiple elastic body components. Two of the elastic body components are located between the sliding block and the two ends of the through groove. The remaining multiple elastic body components are located between the square cavity and the two sides of the sliding plate. Multiple vertical floating components are set on the bottom surface of the base plate. A column block is fixed to the top surface of the sliding block. The top surface of the column block is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom frame structure includes two parallel long bent strips and two parallel short bent strips. The two short bent strips are fixed between the two ends of the two long bent strips. Multiple perforated locking mounting plates are fixed to the inner walls of the long and short bent strips. The positioning pin structure and the pneumatic locking device are both fixed to the perforated locking mounting plates by bolts. Two reinforcing beams are fixed between the middle of the two long bent strips. Multiple connector mounting beams are fixed between the two reinforcing beams. The floating connection structure is set on the top surface of the connector mounting beams. Multiple buffer pads are fixed to the top surface of the long bent strips. A main beam mounting base is fixed to the bottom surface of the two long bent strips.

[0010] Optionally, the positioning pin structure includes a mounting base, a tapered portion fixed to the top surface of the mounting base, a straight column portion fixed to the top surface of the tapered portion, a spherical head fixed to the top of the straight column portion, the diameter of the top surface of the tapered portion being smaller than the diameter of the bottom surface, and the mounting base being fixed to a perforated locking mounting plate by bolts.

[0011] Optionally, the vertical floating assembly includes a bottom sleeve with an open top. An end cap is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom sleeve, and a guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the middle of the end cap. The guide sleeve is vertically slidably connected to a sliding column, and a top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding column. The bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the top plate, and the bottom sleeve is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connector mounting beam.

[0012] Optionally, a pressure plate is fixed to the bottom of the sliding column, and the pressure plate is vertically slidably sleeved inside the bottom sleeve. A second spring is fixed between the bottom surface of the pressure plate and the bottom surface inside the bottom sleeve, and a third spring is fixed between the top surface of the end cap and the bottom surface of the top plate.

[0013] Optionally, two first side openings are opened at both ends of the through groove, two first side grooves are opened on both sides of the sliding block, multiple second side openings are opened on the side wall of the square cavity, and multiple second side grooves are opened on both sides of the sliding plate corresponding to the multiple second side openings. The elastomer assembly includes a polyurethane elastomer, multiple metal elastic elements are fixedly embedded on both sides of the polyurethane elastomer, a hinge head is fixedly connected to one end of the polyurethane elastomer, and an arc opening is opened at the other end of the polyurethane elastomer. Two rollers are rotatably connected to the ends of the polyurethane elastomer on both sides of the arc opening. The hinge head is rotatably connected in the first side groove or the second side opening, and the rollers roll in contact with the second side opening or the second side groove.

[0014] Optionally, four dome openings are made at the four corners of the top surface of the base plate, and auxiliary reset posts are fitted inside the dome openings. Multiple first springs are evenly fixed between the periphery of the auxiliary reset posts and the periphery of the dome openings. A square opening is made on the top surface of the auxiliary reset posts, and four square posts are fixed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate, with the square posts inserted into the square openings.

[0015] Optionally, a flared groove is provided on the top surface of the square cavity, and a panel is fitted inside the flared groove. A circular opening is provided in the middle of the panel, and the column is fitted inside the circular opening. A soft washer is fixed to the inner side wall of the circular opening. Four threaded holes are provided at the four corners of the flared groove, and four through holes are provided at the four corners of the panel. Locking bolts are threaded to the threaded holes, and the locking bolts are inserted into the through holes. Multiple through holes are provided on the base plate corresponding to multiple connector positions. The bottom of the connector passes through the through holes. A retaining edge is fixed to the top surface of the mounting plate at the position outside the connector. The bottom edge of the retaining edge is sloping.

[0016] Optionally, two guide rods are horizontally fixed to both sides of the square cavity, and two guide holes are horizontally opened at both ends of the sliding plate. The guide rods are fixedly sleeved into the guide holes. Two first guide bars are fixed to both sides of the square cavity. Two first side guide openings are opened at both ends of the sliding plate. The first side guide openings are slidably sleeved into the first guide bars. Two second guide bars are fixed to both sides of the through groove. Two second side guide openings are opened on both sides of the sliding block. The second side guide openings are slidably sleeved into the second guide bars.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The conical positioning pin structure and the horizontal floating structure of the floating connection structure work together to achieve positioning correction and position self-adaptation. The combined effect of the two significantly reduces the accuracy threshold of battery swapping alignment. Furthermore, the connector can float horizontally during connection, effectively avoiding horizontal tensile stress generated during battery box placement and preventing connector damage.

[0018] 2. The combination of horizontal and vertical elastic floating in the floating connection structure works synergistically, and multi-dimensional displacement compensation creates a superimposed protective effect. It can not only adapt to the battery box placement deviation, but also buffer the docking impact. The dual buffer linkage significantly reduces the probability of connector collision and deformation damage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body structure in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom frame structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the floating connection structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the floating connection structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the bottom plate in this invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the elastomer component in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base frame structure; 11. Long bent strip; 12. Short bent strip; 13. Reinforcing beam; 14. Connector mounting beam; 15. Mounting plate with holes; 16. Main beam mounting base; 17. Buffer pad; 2. Floating connection structure; 21. Base plate; 22. Horizontal floating plate; 23. Mounting plate; 24. Connector; 25. Square cavity; 26. Sliding plate; 27. Through groove; 28. Elastomer assembly; 29. ​​Vertical floating assembly; 210. Sliding block; 211. Column block; 212. First side opening; 213. First side groove; 214. Second side opening; 215. Second side groove; 216. Flared groove; 217. Insert plate; 218. Round opening; 219. Soft washer; 220. Through hole; 221. Threaded hole; 222. Locking bolt; 223. Through opening; 224. Dome opening ; 225. Auxiliary reset post; 226. First spring; 227. Square opening; 228. Square post; 229. Guide rod; 230. Guide hole; 231. First guide bar; 232. First side guide opening; 233. Second guide bar; 234. Second side guide opening; 235. Side guard; 281. Polyurethane elastomer; 282. Metal elastic element; 283. Hinge head; 284. Arc opening; 285. Roller; 291. Bottom sleeve; 292. End cap; 293. Guide sleeve; 294. Sliding column; 295. Top plate; 296. Pressure plate; 297. Second spring; 298. Third spring.

[0021] 3. Locating pin structure; 31. Mounting base; 32. Conical part; 33. Straight column part; 34. Spherical head; 4. Pneumatic locking device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a battery box vehicle base structure for heavy-duty trucks with battery swapping capability. The structure includes a bottom frame structure 1, a floating connection structure 2 is provided at the top of the middle part of the bottom frame structure 1, and multiple positioning pin structures 3 and multiple pneumatic locking devices 4 are installed on the inner side of the bottom frame structure 1.

[0024] The floating connection structure 2 has a base plate 21, and a horizontal floating plate 22 is slidably provided on the top surface of the base plate 21. Multiple mounting plates 23 are evenly fixed on the top surface of the horizontal floating plate 22, and a connector 24 is fixedly sleeved on each mounting plate 23, so that the connector 24 is mounted on the horizontal floating plate 22 that can float horizontally.

[0025] A square cavity 25 is formed in the center of the top surface of the base plate 21. A sliding plate 26 is horizontally slidably connected within the square cavity 25. A through groove 27 is formed on the sliding plate 26. A sliding block 210 is horizontally slidably connected within the through groove 27, and the sliding path of the sliding block 210 is perpendicular to the sliding path of the sliding plate 26. The floating connection structure 2 also includes multiple elastic body components 28, two of which are located between the sliding block 210 and the two ends of the through groove 27, and the remaining multiple elastic body components 28 are located between the square cavity 25 and the two sides of the sliding plate 26. Multiple vertical floating components 29 are provided on the bottom surface of the base plate 21.

[0026] A column block 211 is fixed to the top surface of the sliding block 210, and the top surface of the column block 211 is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate 22. By sliding the sliding plate 26 within the square cavity 25 and sliding the sliding block 210 within the through groove 27, the horizontal floating plate 22 can be adjusted horizontally and elastically reset under the action of multiple elastic body components 28. The column block 211 and the horizontal floating plate 22 can be directly fixed or connected by a bolt-like structure, depending on maintenance requirements.

[0027] The bottom frame structure 1 includes two parallel long bent strips 11 and two parallel short bent strips 12, with the two short bent strips 12 fixedly connected between the two ends of the two long bent strips 11. Multiple perforated locking mounting plates 15 are fixed to the inner walls of both the long bent strips 11 and the short bent strips 12. The positioning pin structure 3 and the pneumatic locking device 4 are both fixed to these perforated locking mounting plates 15 by bolts.

[0028] Two reinforcing beams 13 are fixed between the middle of the two long bent strips 11, and multiple connector mounting beams 14 are fixed between the two reinforcing beams 13. The floating connection structure 2 is set on the top surface of the connector mounting beams 14. Multiple buffer pads 17 are fixed on the top surface of the long bent strips 11, and a main beam mounting base 16 is fixed on the bottom surface of the two long bent strips 11. The main beam mounting base 16 is used to connect with the vehicle body main beam.

[0029] The positioning pin structure 3 includes a mounting base 31, a tapered portion 32 fixed on the top surface of the mounting base 31, a straight column portion 33 fixed on the top surface of the tapered portion 32, and a spherical head 34 fixed at the top of the straight column portion 33. The diameter of the top surface of the tapered portion 32 is smaller than the diameter of its bottom surface. The mounting base 31 is fixed to the perforated locking mounting plate 15 by bolts.

[0030] The spherical head 34 facilitates connection with the positioning port on the battery box, the straight column 33 has a small diameter, which allows the battery box to have a certain amount of offset in the horizontal direction, and the conical shape of the tapered part 32 is beneficial to correct its horizontal position when the battery box is lowered.

[0031] The vertical floating assembly 29 includes a bottom sleeve 291 with an open top end and an end cap 292 fixed thereon. A guide sleeve 293 is fixedly fitted into the middle of the end cap 292. A sliding post 294 is slidably fitted inside the guide sleeve 293 along the vertical direction. A top plate 295 is fixed to the top of the sliding post 294, and the top surface of the top plate 295 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate 22. The bottom sleeve 291 is fixed to the top surface of the connector mounting beam 14.

[0032] A pressure plate 296 is fixed to the bottom end of the sliding column 294. The pressure plate 296 is disposed inside the bottom sleeve 291 in a vertically slidable manner. A second spring 297 is supported between the bottom surface of the pressure plate 296 and the inner bottom surface of the bottom sleeve 291, and a third spring 298 is supported between the top surface of the end cap 292 and the bottom surface of the top plate 295. This vertical floating assembly 29 is used to achieve vertical floating. The double-spring structure can fully guarantee elasticity and ensure that the connector itself can be inserted into place after installation. Even if one spring fatigues, the other spring can still provide elasticity.

[0033] Two first side openings 212 are provided at both ends of the through groove 27, and two first side grooves 213 are provided on both sides of the sliding block 210. Multiple second side openings 214 are provided on the sidewall of the square cavity 25, and multiple second side grooves 215 are provided on both sides of the sliding plate 26 corresponding to the positions of the multiple second side openings 214. The elastomer assembly 28 includes a polyurethane elastomer 281, and multiple metal elastic elements 282 are fixedly embedded on both sides of the polyurethane elastomer 281. A hinge head 283 is fixed to one end of the polyurethane elastomer 281, and an arc-shaped opening 284 is provided at the other end, with two rollers 285 rotatably connected to the ends on both sides of the arc-shaped opening 284.

[0034] The hinge head 283 is rotatably connected in the first side groove 213 or the second side opening 214, while the roller 285 rolls in contact with the second side opening 214 or the second side groove 215. This structure, in which the polyurethane elastomer 281 with the embedded metal elastic element 282 contacts the roller 285, complements each other and can balance the restoring stiffness and the smoothness of sliding.

[0035] Four dome-shaped openings 224 are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the base plate 21. An auxiliary reset post 225 is fitted inside each dome-shaped opening 224. Multiple first springs 226 are evenly fixed between the outer periphery of the auxiliary reset post 225 and the inner periphery of the dome-shaped opening 224. A square opening 227 is provided on the top surface of the auxiliary reset post 225. Four square posts 228 are fixed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate 22, and each square post 228 is inserted into the corresponding square opening 227. This structure is used to assist in horizontal reset, ensuring that the position of the horizontal floating plate 22 will not shift arbitrarily before the battery box is installed.

[0036] A flared groove 216 is machined on the top surface of the square cavity 25, and a panel 217 is embedded in the flared groove 216. A circular opening 218 is opened in the middle of the panel 217, and a column block 211 passes through the circular opening 218. A soft washer 219 is fixed on the inner side wall of the circular opening 218. Four threaded holes 221 are opened at the four corners of the flared groove 216, and four through holes 220 are opened at the four corners of the panel 217 respectively. A locking bolt 222 passes through the through holes 220 and is screwed into the threaded holes 221, thereby fixing the panel 217. Multiple through holes 223 are opened on the base plate 21 corresponding to the positions of multiple connectors 24, and the bottom of each connector 24 protrudes from the corresponding through hole 223.

[0037] The top surface of the mounting plate 23 is also fixed with a retaining edge 235 located outside the connector 24. The bottom edge of the retaining edge 235 is sloping. This sloping surface can provide a certain guiding effect when installing the battery box, avoid rigid contact, and also facilitate the maintenance of the internal structure of the square cavity 25.

[0038] Two guide rods 229 are horizontally fixed on both sides of the square cavity 25, and two guide holes 230 are horizontally opened at both ends of the sliding plate 26, with the guide rods 229 fitting into the guide holes 230. Two first guide bars 231 are also fixed on both sides of the square cavity 25, and two first side guide openings 232 are correspondingly opened at both ends of the sliding plate 26, with the first side guide openings 232 slidingly fitted onto the first guide bars 231.

[0039] Two second guide bars 233 are fixed on both sides of the through groove 27, and two second side guide openings 234 are opened on both sides of the sliding block 210. The second side guide openings 234 are slidably sleeved on the second guide bars 233.

[0040] In use, the main beam mounting base 16 is installed onto the vehicle frame. When installing the battery box, a crane or forklift is used to move the battery box directly above the base and gradually lower it. Under the action of the positioning pin structure 3, the horizontal position of the battery box is corrected.

[0041] When the connector 24 in the floating connection structure 2 comes into contact with the corresponding interface on the battery box, if the battery box is misaligned, the horizontal floating plate 22 will move vertically and horizontally under the squeezing action.

[0042] As the battery box is gradually corrected to its normal position under the guidance of the positioning pin structure 3, the horizontal floating plate 22 of the floating connection structure 2 also adjusts its position until the battery box is installed in place, completing the battery swapping operation.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability, comprising a bottom frame structure (1), characterized in that: The bottom frame structure (1) is provided with a floating connection structure (2) at the top of the middle part. The bottom frame structure (1) is provided with multiple positioning pin structures (3) and multiple pneumatic locks (4) on the inner side. The floating connection structure (2) includes a bottom plate (21). A horizontal floating plate (22) is slidably provided on the top surface of the bottom plate (21). Multiple mounting plates (23) are uniformly fixed on the top surface of the horizontal floating plate (22). A connector (24) is fixedly sleeved on each mounting plate (23). A square cavity (25) is opened in the middle of the top surface of the base plate (21). A sliding plate (26) is horizontally slidably connected in the square cavity (25). A through groove (27) is opened on the sliding plate (26). A sliding block (210) is horizontally slidably connected in the through groove (27). The sliding path of the sliding block (210) is perpendicular to the sliding path of the sliding plate (26). The floating connection structure (2) also includes multiple elastic body components (28). Two of the elastic body components (28) are located between the sliding block (210) and the two ends of the through groove (27). The remaining multiple elastic body components (28) are located between the square cavity (25) and the two sides of the sliding plate (26). Multiple vertical floating components (29) are provided on the bottom surface of the base plate (21). A column block (211) is fixed to the top surface of the sliding block (210). The top surface of the column block (211) is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate (22).

2. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom frame structure (1) includes two parallel long bent strips (11) and two parallel short bent strips (12). The two short bent strips (12) are fixed between the two ends of the two long bent strips (11). Multiple perforated locking mounting plates (15) are fixed to the inner sidewalls of the long bent strips (11) and the short bent strips (12). The positioning pin structure (3) and the pneumatic locking device (4) are both fixed to the perforated locking mounting plates (15) by bolts. Two reinforcing beams (13) are fixed between the middle of the two long bent strips (11). Multiple connector mounting beams (14) are fixed between the two reinforcing beams (13). The floating connection structure (2) is set on the top surface of the connector mounting beams (14). Multiple buffer pads (17) are fixed to the top surface of the long bent strips (11). A beam mounting base (16) is fixed to the bottom surface of the two long bent strips (11).

3. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning pin structure (3) includes a mounting base (31), a conical part (32) is fixed to the top surface of the mounting base (31), a straight column part (33) is fixed to the top surface of the conical part (32), a spherical head (34) is fixed to the top of the straight column part (33), the diameter of the top surface of the conical part (32) is smaller than the diameter of the bottom surface, and the mounting base (31) is fixed to the perforated locking mounting plate (15) by bolts.

4. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical floating assembly (29) includes a bottom sleeve (291), the top end of which is an open structure. The top end of the bottom sleeve (291) is fixedly connected to an end cap (292). The middle part of the end cap (292) is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve (293). The guide sleeve (293) is vertically slidably connected to a sliding column (294). The top end of the sliding column (294) is fixedly connected to a top plate (295). The top surface of the top plate (295) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate (22). The bottom sleeve (291) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connector mounting beam (14).

5. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the sliding column (294) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (296), the pressure plate (296) is vertically slidably sleeved inside the bottom sleeve (291), the bottom surface of the pressure plate (296) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the bottom sleeve (291), and the top surface of the end cap (292) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate (295) and the bottom surface of the top plate (295) and the third spring (298) is fixedly connected.

6. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first side openings (212) are opened at both ends of the through groove (27), two first side grooves (213) are opened on both sides of the sliding block (210), multiple second side openings (214) are opened on the side wall of the square cavity (25), and multiple second side grooves (215) are opened on both sides of the sliding plate (26) corresponding to the multiple second side openings (214). The elastomer assembly (28) includes a polyurethane elastomer (281), and multiple metal elastic elements (282) are fixedly embedded on both sides of the polyurethane elastomer (281). The polyurethane elastomer (281) is fixed to a hinge head (283) at one end, and an arc opening (284) is opened at the other end of the polyurethane elastomer (281). Two rollers (285) are rotatably connected to the ends of the polyurethane elastomer (281) on both sides of the arc opening (284). The hinge head (283) is rotatably connected in the first side groove (213) or the second side opening (214). The rollers (285) roll in contact with the second side opening (214) or the second side groove (215).

7. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four dome openings (224) are opened at the four corners of the top surface of the base plate (21). An auxiliary reset post (225) is fitted inside the dome opening (224). Multiple first springs (226) are evenly fixed between the periphery of the auxiliary reset post (225) and the periphery of the dome opening (224). A square opening (227) is opened on the top surface of the auxiliary reset post (225). Four square posts (228) are fixed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the horizontal floating plate (22). The square posts (228) are inserted into the square opening (227).

8. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flared groove (216) is provided on the top surface of the square cavity (25). A panel (217) is fitted inside the flared groove (216). A round opening (218) is provided in the middle of the panel (217). The column block (211) is fitted inside the round opening (218). A soft washer (219) is fixed to the inner side wall of the round opening (218). Four threaded holes (221) are provided at the four corners of the flared groove (216). Four through holes (220) are provided at the four corners of the panel (217). The threaded hole (221) is threaded to a locking bolt (222), the locking bolt (222) is inserted into the through hole (220), the base plate (21) has multiple through holes (223) corresponding to the multiple connectors (24), the bottom of the connector (24) passes through the through hole (223), the top surface of the mounting plate (23) is fixed to a retaining edge (235) at the position outside the connector (24), and the bottom edge of the retaining edge (235) is sloping.

9. The battery box on-board base structure for a heavy-duty truck with battery swapping capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide rods (229) are horizontally fixed to both sides of the square cavity (25). Two guide holes (230) are horizontally opened at both ends of the sliding plate (26). The guide rods (229) are fixedly sleeved in the guide holes (230). Two first guide bars (231) are fixed to both sides of the square cavity (25). Two first side guide openings (232) are opened at both ends of the sliding plate (26). The first side guide openings (232) are slidably sleeved in the first guide bars (231). Two second guide bars (233) are fixed to both sides of the through groove (27). Two second side guide openings (234) are opened on both sides of the sliding block (210). The second side guide openings (234) are slidably sleeved in the second guide bars (233).

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