Solid waste resourceization lithium extraction system and waste lithium battery recycling method

Abstract

This invention provides a solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system and a waste lithium battery recycling method, relating to the field of solid waste lithium extraction technology. A solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system includes: a support frame; a mixing unit mounted on the support frame; and a housing mounted at the output end of the mixing unit, the housing being fixed to the support frame, and an isolation frame fixed inside the housing. A waste lithium battery recycling method includes the following steps: Step S1, adding positive electrode material to a eutectic solvent solution. The equipment has a high degree of integration, capable of continuously completing solid-liquid separation, rinsing, drying, and discharge of the mixed materials, facilitating continuous system operation and reducing equipment space occupation; simultaneously, the drive shaft of the gear pump is connected to the shaft end of the drive roller, enabling the first drive component to simultaneously achieve slag advance, solid-liquid separation, and spray rinsing, facilitating solid waste resource recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium extraction technology from solid waste, and in particular to a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization and a method for recycling waste lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the surge in retired lithium batteries and the advancement of policies for the resource utilization of industrial solid waste, lithium extraction from solid waste has become an important way to obtain lithium resources. The preparation of lithium carbonate from the lithium concentrate obtained from lithium extraction from solid waste is a key link in the resource utilization of solid waste. The rationality of the preparation process and the applicability of the equipment directly affect the economic and environmental benefits of lithium extraction from solid waste, and the application of lithium extraction equipment from solid waste has been promoted.

[0003] In existing solid waste lithium extraction scenarios, the common method for preparing lithium carbonate from the lithium concentrate obtained after lithium extraction is the chemical precipitation method. Its core process is to slowly add a saturated sodium carbonate solution to the lithium concentrate obtained from solid waste lithium extraction, so that the lithium ions in the solution react with carbonate ions to form lithium carbonate precipitate. After filtration, washing, drying and other steps, the solid lithium carbonate product is finally obtained.

[0004] Existing lithium extraction equipment from solid waste requires independent equipment for operation and control in each process. Additional conveying and control equipment is needed between these devices to transfer or move materials. The level of integration needs to be further improved to reduce the economic benefits of lithium extraction from solid waste.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a lithium extraction system from solid waste to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a lithium extraction system for solid waste, which solves the problem that the integration level in related technologies needs to be further improved, thus reducing the economic benefits of lithium extraction from solid waste.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization, comprising:

[0008] support;

[0009] A mixing unit, which is mounted on the support frame;

[0010] The housing is installed at the output end of the mixer unit and is fixed to the support. An isolation frame is fixed inside the housing. A conveying chamber and a draining chamber are formed around the isolation frame and the housing. An isolation filter plate is integrated on the isolation frame. A discharge port is opened at the bottom of the housing. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the housing. The drain pipe and the discharge port are spaced apart by the isolation filter plate.

[0011] The conveyor unit includes a first driving component, two driving rollers, a driving belt, and multiple flow guide baffles. The first driving component is fixed on the housing. The two driving rollers are rotatably installed in the isolation frame. The driving belt drives and connects the two driving rollers. The multiple flow guide baffles are evenly distributed on the surface of the driving belt. The driving belt is located within the conveying chamber.

[0012] A spray unit, comprising a gear pump and a spray nozzle, wherein the fixed part of the gear pump is fixedly mounted on the housing, the shaft end of the gear pump is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the first drive member, the spray nozzle is fixedly mounted on the top of the housing, the input end of the spray nozzle is connected to the output end of the gear pump, and the output end of the spray nozzle is aligned with the range of the conveying chamber.

[0013] A blower assembly is installed on the housing. The blower assembly blows air into the conveying chamber for drying through a heating device. An exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the housing and is connected to the conveying chamber.

[0014] The mixture first enters the conveying chamber after being conveyed by the mixer unit, the filtrate enters the discharge chamber after passing through the isolation filter plate, and the slag is horizontally transported within the conveying chamber by the drive belt and the guide baffle.

[0015] Preferably, two paving plates are fixed inside the box, the two paving plates are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the mixer unit, and the two paving plates are located within the range of the conveying cavity, with the bottom of the paving plates in sliding contact with the top of the guide baffle.

[0016] Preferably, the shower head has two spray pipes, which are distributed in parallel and staggered from the paving plate; the shower head is correspondingly located within the filtration range of the isolation filter plate.

[0017] Preferably, the mixing unit includes a tank, a feed pipe, a motor, and a stirring rod. The tank is fixed on the support and is equipped with a solenoid valve. The output end of the tank is connected to the conveying chamber. Two paving plates are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the tank. The feed pipe is located on the tank. The motor is fixed on the top of the tank. The top of the stirring rod passes through the tank and is fixedly connected to the drive unit of the motor.

[0018] Preferably, the blower assembly includes a blower duct, a second drive unit, a rotating shaft, and an air-guiding impeller. The output end of the blower duct is connected to the delivery chamber. The second drive unit is fixedly installed on the top of the blower duct via a support plate. The two ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to the drive part of the second drive unit and the air-guiding impeller. The heating device is integrated into the output pipe of the blower duct.

[0019] Preferably, the heating device is an electric heating device, and the heating component is located within the output range of the air duct.

[0020] Preferably, the blower assembly includes a blower tube, a rotating shaft, and an air-driving impeller. The output end of the blower tube is connected to the delivery chamber. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the blower tube via a support plate. The bottom of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the air-driving impeller. The heating device is integrated into the output pipe of the blower tube.

[0021] The solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system also includes a connecting unit, which includes a transmission component, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The transmission component drives and connects a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft passes through the air duct and is rotatably connected. The second connecting shaft passes through the housing and the isolation frame in sequence and is fixedly connected to the shaft end of one of the drive rollers. The first bevel gear is fixed on the first connecting shaft, and the second bevel gear is fixed on the rotating shaft. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed together.

[0022] Preferably, the transmission component consists of two pulleys and a belt, with the belt driving the connection between the two pulleys. One pulley is fixed to the first connecting shaft, and the other pulley is fixed to the second connecting shaft.

[0023] Preferably, the transmission component consists of two sprockets and a chain, with the chain driving the two sprockets, one of which is fixed to the first connecting shaft and the other sprocket is fixed to the second connecting shaft.

[0024] This invention also provides a method for recycling waste lithium batteries, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step S1: Add the positive electrode material to the eutectic solvent solution, stir, leach, centrifuge at high speed, filter, wash, and obtain nickel-containing precipitate and filtrate 1;

[0026] Step S2: Calcining the nickel-containing precipitate to obtain nickel oxide;

[0027] Step S3: Add ammonium oxalate to filtrate 1, let stand, filter, and obtain cobalt-containing precipitate and filtrate 2;

[0028] Step S4: Calcining the cobalt-containing precipitate to obtain cobalt tetroxide;

[0029] Step S5: Add ammonia to filtrate 2 to remove trace cobalt ions. Add the filtrate with trace cobalt ions removed to ammonium bicarbonate solution, adjust the pH, filter, and obtain manganese precipitate and filtrate 3.

[0030] Step S6: Calcining the manganese-containing precipitate to obtain manganese trioxide;

[0031] Step S7: Add calcium chloride solution to filtrate 3, adjust pH, filter and dry to obtain calcium tartrate and filtrate 4;

[0032] Step S8: Add an inorganic-organic composite adsorbent to the filtrate 4 to adsorb lithium ions, and then desorb with dilute hydrochloric acid solution to obtain the desorbed solution;

[0033] Step S9: The desorbent is concentrated using a nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane system to remove impurity ions, and then evaporated and concentrated to obtain a lithium concentrate.

[0034] Step S10: Inject the lithium concentrate into the solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system, slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution and mix thoroughly, filter, wash and dry in the conveying chamber in sequence, and discharge lithium carbonate directly through the outlet.

[0035] Compared with related technologies, the lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The equipment is highly integrated and can continuously complete the solid-liquid separation, rinsing, drying and discharge of mixed materials, which facilitates the continuous operation of the system and reduces the space occupied by the equipment. At the same time, the drive shaft of the gear pump is connected to the shaft end of the drive roller, so that the first drive component can simultaneously realize the forward movement of slag, solid-liquid separation and spray rinsing, which facilitates the recycling of solid waste resources. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a first embodiment of a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA shown;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1A 3D view of a partial cross-section of the box shown;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section BB shown;

[0042] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of a second embodiment of a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the connecting mechanism.

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the CC section.

[0045] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0046] 100. Delivery chamber; 200. Drainage chamber;

[0047] 1. Bracket;

[0048] 2. Mixing unit; 21. Tank body; 211. Solenoid valve; 22. Feed pipe; 23. Motor; 24. Agitator rod;

[0049] 3. Housing; 301. Discharge port; 31. Isolation frame; 32. Isolation filter plate; 33. Drain pipe; 34. Spreading plate; 35. Exhaust pipe;

[0050] 4. Conveyor unit; 41. First driving component; 42. Drive roller; 43. Drive belt; 44. Baffle plate;

[0051] 5. Sprinkler unit; 51. Gear pump; 52. Sprinkler nozzles;

[0052] 6. Hair dryer assembly; 61. Air duct; 62. Second drive unit; 63. Rotating shaft; 64. Air impeller;

[0053] 7. Heating device;

[0054] 8. Connecting unit; 81. Transmission component; 811. First connecting shaft; 812. Second connecting shaft; 82. First bevel gear; 83. Second bevel gear.

[0055] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] This invention provides a lithium extraction system for solid waste.

[0058] First embodiment.

[0059] Please see Figures 1 to 3 In this invention, a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization includes:

[0060] Bracket 1;

[0061] Mixing unit 2, which is mounted on the bracket 1;

[0062] Box 3 is installed at the output end of the mixer unit 2 and is fixed to the support 1. An isolation frame 31 is fixed inside the box 3. A conveying chamber 100 and a draining chamber 200 are formed around the isolation frame 31 and the box 3. An isolation filter plate 32 is integrated on the isolation frame 31. A discharge port 301 is opened at the bottom of the box 3. A drain pipe 33 is provided at the bottom of the box 3. The drain pipe 33 and the discharge port 301 are spaced apart by the isolation filter plate 32.

[0063] Conveyor unit 4 includes a first driving component 41, two driving rollers 42, a driving belt 43, and multiple flow guide baffles 44. The first driving component 41 is fixed on the housing 3. The two driving rollers 42 are rotatably installed in the isolation frame 31. The driving belt 43 drives and connects the two driving rollers 42. The multiple flow guide baffles 44 are evenly distributed on the surface of the driving belt 43. The driving belt 43 is located within the range of the conveying chamber 100.

[0064] The spray unit 5 includes a gear pump 51 and a spray nozzle 52. The fixed part of the gear pump 51 is fixedly mounted on the housing 3. The shaft end of the gear pump 51 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the first drive member 41. The spray nozzle 52 is fixedly mounted on the top of the housing 3. The input end of the spray nozzle 52 is connected to the output end of the gear pump 51. The output end of the spray nozzle 52 is aligned with the range of the conveying chamber 100.

[0065] A blower assembly 6 is installed on the housing 3. The blower assembly 6 blows air into the conveying chamber 100 for drying through a heating device 7. An exhaust pipe 35 is provided on the top of the housing 3 and is connected to the conveying chamber 100.

[0066] The mixed materials are conveyed by the mixing unit 2 and first enter the conveying chamber 100. The filtrate enters the discharge chamber 200 after passing through the isolation filter plate 32. The slag is horizontally transported within the conveying chamber 100 by the drive belt 43 and the guide baffle 44.

[0067] The conveying chamber 100 is used to receive the mixed material after mixing treatment. The mixed material undergoes primary solid-liquid separation, spreading, rinsing, secondary solid-liquid separation, air drying and discharge within the conveying chamber 100.

[0068] The drainage chamber 200 is used to collect the filtrate or wastewater after solid-liquid separation and discharge it to the outside through the drainage pipe 33; this facilitates the separate transport of filter residue and filtrate or wastewater.

[0069] In this embodiment, the mixing unit 2 is used to mix the raw materials, and the mixed materials can be transported to the range of the conveying chamber 100.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first driving component 41 is a motor structure, which is used to directly drive the driving roller 42 to rotate. When the driving roller 42 rotates, it drives the driving belt 43 to transmit counterclockwise. The driving belt 43, together with the guide baffle 44, drives the slag material received above to move forward. The forward direction is from right to left, which can be understood as the direction towards the discharge port 301 being the forward direction.

[0071] In this embodiment, the input end of the gear pump 51 is connected to a flushing water source, which can be tap water, to facilitate rinsing and cleaning of the slag after the first solid-liquid separation.

[0072] Principle of mixed material processing:

[0073] The mixing unit 2 transports the mixed materials to the conveying chamber 100. The slag is collected on top of the drive belt 43, and the filtrate is transported to the interior of the discharge chamber 200 through the isolation filter plate 32. The filtrate is conveniently discharged to the outside through the discharge chamber 200 and the discharge pipe 33, which facilitates solid-liquid separation after the mixed materials enter the conveying chamber 100.

[0074] The first driving component 41 conveniently drives the driving roller 42 to rotate. The driving roller 42 drives the solid-liquid separated slag forward through the driving belt 43 and the guide baffle 44. While the slag is moving forward, the driving roller 42 also drives the gear pump 51 to operate. The gear pump 51 draws rinsing water into the shower nozzle 52. The shower nozzle 52 sprays and rinses the slag during its forward movement. At the same time, the wastewater passes through the isolation filter plate 32 and is transported into the discharge chamber 200. The wastewater is conveniently discharged outward through the discharge chamber 200 and the discharge pipe 33, which facilitates secondary solid-liquid separation while the slag is being sprayed and rinsed.

[0075] After secondary solid-liquid separation of the slag, the slag that continues to move forward is dried by blowing air through the blower assembly 6 and the heating device 7. After drying, the slag is discharged directly through the discharge port 301.

[0076] The equipment is highly integrated and can continuously complete the solid-liquid separation, rinsing, drying, and discharge of mixed materials, facilitating continuous system operation and reducing the space occupied by the equipment. Simultaneously, the drive shaft of the gear pump 51 is connected to the shaft end of the drive roller 42, allowing the first drive component 41 to simultaneously achieve material advancement, solid-liquid separation, and spray rinsing, facilitating the recycling of solid waste resources. This reduces the overall size and construction cost of the equipment.

[0077] In this embodiment, the mixture is a mixture of solid waste resources after treatment, and the slag is a recyclable metal resource, which facilitates the recycling of metals in solid waste.

[0078] Please refer to it again. Figure 2 Two paving plates 34 are fixed inside the housing 3. The two paving plates 34 are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the mixing unit 2 and are located within the conveying chamber 100. The bottom of the paving plate 34 is in sliding contact with the top of the guide baffle 44.

[0079] The spreading plate 34 is arranged on both sides of the output port of the mixer unit 2, so that the mixed material can be stably collected on the drive belt 43 after entering the conveying chamber 100, which facilitates the stable spreading of the slag on the surface of the drive belt 43. At the same time, the wastewater can be conveyed to the range of the discharge chamber 200 through the isolation filter plate 32, so as to facilitate the separate discharge of slag and wastewater.

[0080] After the slag material falling on the drive belt 43 is spread by the paving plate 34, the slag material is more evenly distributed, which facilitates subsequent rinsing and drying, avoids slag material accumulation, and helps the continuous automated processing of slag material.

[0081] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shower head 52 has two spray pipes, which are distributed in parallel and staggered from the paving plate 34; the shower head 52 is correspondingly arranged within the filtration range of the isolation filter plate 32.

[0082] In this embodiment, the rinsing nozzle 52 is arranged in the conveying direction of the drive belt 43 and is used to spray and rinse the slag material spread within the conveying chamber 100; the rinsed wastewater is directly conveyed to the drainage chamber 200 after passing through the isolation filter plate 32, without affecting the subsequent drying of the slag material.

[0083] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The mixing unit 2 includes a tank 21, a feed pipe 22, a motor 23, and a stirring rod 24. The tank 21 is fixed on the support 1. A solenoid valve 211 is installed on the tank 21. The output end of the tank 21 is connected to the conveying chamber 100. Two paving plates 34 are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the tank 21. The feed pipe 22 is installed on the tank 21. The motor 23 is fixed on the top of the tank 21. The top of the stirring rod 24 passes through the tank 21 and is fixedly connected to the drive part of the motor 23.

[0084] In this embodiment, the feed pipe 22 is used for feeding the agitated raw materials;

[0085] The motor 23 is used to drive the stirring rod 24 to rotate and adjust inside the tank 21, providing power for stirring the raw materials injected into the tank 21;

[0086] The solenoid valve 211 is used for switching control of the output end of the tank 21. When the solenoid valve 211 is closed, the tank 21 can rotate and stir stably. When the solenoid valve 211 is open, the mixture in the tank 21 can be conveyed downward to the range of the conveying chamber 100.

[0087] When the materials are stirred and mixed, the solenoid valve 211 is kept closed, and the mixture to be processed is conveniently injected into the tank 21 through the feed pipe 22. Then the motor 23 is started, and the motor 23 drives the stirring rod 24 to stir and mix the mixture in the tank 21.

[0088] After the mixture is stirred, the motor 23 is turned off and the solenoid valve 211 is started. The output end of the tank 21 is opened, and the mixture in the tank 21 is gradually injected into the range of the conveying chamber 100.

[0089] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The blower assembly 6 includes a blower 61, a second drive unit 62, a rotating shaft 63, and an air-guiding impeller 64. The output end of the blower 61 is connected to the conveying chamber 100. The second drive unit 62 is fixedly installed on the top of the blower 61 by a support plate. The two ends of the rotating shaft 63 are fixedly connected to the drive part of the second drive unit 62 and the air-guiding impeller 64. The heating device 7 is integrated into the output pipe of the blower 61.

[0090] The top opening of the air duct 61 facilitates air intake from above; the bottom of the air duct 61 is connected to the conveying chamber 100 to facilitate air outlet from below, thereby ensuring the stability of ventilation and airflow.

[0091] In this embodiment, the second driving component 62 can be a motor structure, used to directly drive the rotating shaft 63 and the induced draft impeller 64 to rotate, and the induced draft impeller 64 can supply air to the range of the conveying chamber 100 when it rotates.

[0092] When it is necessary to dry the slag material within the conveying chamber 100 by blowing air, the second driving component 62 is activated. The second driving component 62 drives the rotating shaft 63 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 63 drives the induced draft impeller 64 to rotate. When the induced draft impeller 64 rotates, the drying air flows from top to bottom within the air duct 61. After being heated by the heating device 7, the slag material in the conveying chamber 100 is dried by blowing air.

[0093] In an optional embodiment of this example, the heating device 7 can be the waste heat generated during the lithium extraction process from solid waste (the hot gas generated during the calcination of solid waste raw materials), and the waste heat temperature can be used to blow dry the slag in the conveying chamber 100.

[0094] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The heating device 7 is an electric heating device, and the heating component is located within the output range of the air duct 61.

[0095] Specifically, the electric heating device adopts an existing resistance heating structure to resistively heat the air passing through the output end of the air duct 61 to form a hot airflow. After the hot airflow enters the range of the conveying chamber 100, it can blow dry the slag after rinsing. The dried exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 35.

[0096] The working principle of the lithium extraction system from solid waste provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0097] A1, material mixing process: the raw materials to be mixed are injected into the tank 21 through the feed pipe 22, the motor 23 is started, the motor 23 drives the stirring rod 24 to rotate, and the stirring rod 24 stirs and mixes the materials in the tank 21.

[0098] A2, Material feeding and separation: Open the solenoid valve 211, and the mixture in the tank 21 is conveyed downward to the range of the conveying chamber 100. After the mixture falls on the top of the drive belt 43, the filter residue is collected between the drive belt 43 and the guide baffle 44, and the filtrate is conveyed through the isolation filter plate 32 into the discharge chamber 200.

[0099] A3, Slag conveying and spraying: Start the first drive unit 41. The first drive unit 41 drives the drive belt 43 forward through the drive roller 42. The drive belt 43 drives the slag after solid-liquid separation forward through the guide baffle 44. While moving forward, the paving plate 34 spreads the slag evenly to avoid slag accumulation and facilitate subsequent spraying and drying.

[0100] On the other hand, the drive roller 42 also drives the gear pump 51 to draw up the flushing water source and deliver it to the shower nozzle 52. The shower nozzle 52 sprays and washes the forward filter residue so that the washing can be completed during the forward movement of the residue. The washed wastewater is delivered to the drain chamber 200 through the isolation filter plate 32.

[0101] A4, after air drying, the washed slag continues to move forward with the drive belt 43. The second drive component 62 and the heating device 7 are activated respectively. The second drive component 62 drives the induced draft impeller 64 to rotate through the rotating shaft 63. The induced draft impeller 64 supplies air into the conveying chamber 100 through the air duct 61. The heating device 7 heats the air to form hot air. After the hot air enters the conveying chamber 100, it blows and dries the slag conveyed on the drive belt 43. The dried exhaust gas is conveyed outward through the exhaust pipe 35.

[0102] A5, Slag Discharge: After the slag has been dried, the drive belt 43 continues to drive the slag forward until it falls off the drive belt 43 and is discharged downward through the discharge port 301, so as to facilitate the resource utilization and recycling of the slag.

[0103] By connecting the gear pump 51 to the shaft end of the drive roller 42, the first drive member 41 drives the slag forward while completing the first solid-liquid separation of the mixture, the spray rinsing of the slag, and the secondary solid-liquid separation after rinsing.

[0104] Second embodiment.

[0105] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 7 Based on the solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes another solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0106] Specifically, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization, wherein the blower assembly 6 includes a blower duct 61, a rotating shaft 63 and an induced draft impeller 64, the output end of the blower duct 61 is connected to the conveying chamber 100, the rotating shaft 63 is rotatably mounted on the top of the blower duct 61 by a support plate, the bottom of the rotating shaft 63 is fixedly connected to the induced draft impeller 64, and the heating device 7 is integrated into the output pipe of the blower duct 61;

[0107] The solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system also includes a connecting unit 8, which includes a transmission component 81, a first bevel gear 82, and a second bevel gear 83. The transmission component 81 drives and connects a first connecting shaft 811 and a second connecting shaft 812. The first connecting shaft 811 passes through the air duct 61 and is rotatably connected. The second connecting shaft 812 passes through the housing 3 and the isolation frame 31 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the shaft end of one of the drive rollers 42. The first bevel gear 82 is fixed on the first connecting shaft 811, and the second bevel gear 83 is fixed on the rotating shaft 63. The first bevel gear 82 and the second bevel gear 83 are meshed together.

[0108] When the impeller 64 is running, air enters from the top of the air duct 61 and exits from the bottom of the air duct 61. At the same time, the air is heated by the heating device 7 to form hot air. The hot air enters the area of ​​the conveying chamber 100 and dries the slag material during the conveying process.

[0109] Specifically, the first connecting shaft 811 is rotatably sealed with the air duct 61; the second connecting shaft 812 is rotatably sealed with the housing 3 and the isolation frame 31.

[0110] The drive roller 42 is connected to the rotating shaft 63 via the transmission component 81, the first bevel gear 82, and the second bevel gear 83. While the drive roller 42 drives the drive belt 43 to rotate and transport, the drive roller 42 also drives the first bevel gear 82 to rotate synchronously via the second connecting shaft 812 and the first connecting shaft 811. The first bevel gear 82 drives the second bevel gear 83 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 83 drives the exhaust impeller 64 to rotate via the rotating shaft 63, thereby providing air supply power for the air duct 61 to blow and dry.

[0111] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the transmission component 81 consists of two pulleys and a belt. The belt drives the two pulleys, with one pulley fixed to the first connecting shaft 811 and the other pulley fixed to the second connecting shaft 812. This allows the drive roller 42 to rotate synchronously while simultaneously driving the induced draft impeller 64.

[0112] In another optional embodiment of this invention, the transmission component 81 consists of two sprockets and a chain. The chain drives the two sprockets, with one sprocket fixed to the first connecting shaft 811 and the other sprocket fixed to the second connecting shaft 812. This facilitates the synchronous rotation of the induced draft impeller 64 while the drive roller 42 rotates.

[0113] Preferably, the transmission ratio between the first bevel gear 82 and the second bevel gear 83 is 1:4. While the drive roller 42 drives the drive belt 43 to rotate and transport air, the rotating shaft 63 drives the impeller 64 to rotate, ensuring the stability of the blowing and drying airflow.

[0114] The working principle of a solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0115] The materials are mixed while the solenoid valve 211 is kept closed. The raw materials to be mixed are injected into the tank 21. The stirring rod 24 is rotated by the motor 23. The stirring rod 24 fully mixes the raw materials in the tank 21 to form a mixture.

[0116] The material is continuously conveyed, separated and dried. The solenoid valve 211 is opened, the motor 23 is turned off, and the first drive component 41 is started. The first drive component 41 drives the drive roller 42 to rotate, and the drive roller 42 starts to run.

[0117] On the one hand, when the drive roller 42 is running, it drives the drive belt 43 to rotate. The drive belt 43 drives the slag in the conveying chamber 100 forward. During the forward movement of the slag, the filtrate passes through the isolation filter plate 32 and is separated and conveyed into the discharge chamber 200, so that the filtrate is conveyed outward through the discharge chamber 200 and the discharge pipe 33. At the same time as the slag is conveyed, the slag is evenly spread on the surface of the drive belt 43 by the spreading plate 34 to reduce the phenomenon of slag accumulation.

[0118] On the other hand, after the drive belt 43 drives the slag material over the paving plate 34, the drive roller 42 also drives the gear pump 51 to operate. The gear pump 51 draws rinsing water into the spray nozzle 52, and the spray nozzle 52 sprays the rinsing water evenly onto the slag material on the drive belt 43, which facilitates rinsing and washing of the slag material. The wastewater after rinsing passes through the isolation filter plate 32 and is separated and transported into the drainage chamber 200, so that the wastewater is transported outward through the drainage chamber 200 and the drainage pipe 33; this facilitates solid-liquid separation while rinsing, providing support for subsequent air drying.

[0119] On the other hand, while the drive belt 43 continues to move the solid-liquid separated slag forward, one of the drive rollers 42 also drives the transmission component 81 to rotate through the second connecting shaft 812. The transmission component 81 drives the first connecting shaft 811 to rotate, the first connecting shaft 811 drives the first bevel gear 82 to rotate, the first bevel gear 82 drives the second bevel gear 83 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 83 drives the induced draft impeller 64 to rotate through the rotating shaft 63, so that the air duct 61 begins to blow air into the area of ​​the conveying chamber 100. When blowing air, the heating device 7 is activated to form dry hot air. After the dry hot air is blown into the conveying chamber 100, it blows and dries the slag continuously conveyed on the drive belt 43.

[0120] After the slag is dried, the drive belt 43 also drives the slag to be conveyed towards the discharge port 301. Finally, the slag is discharged downward from the discharge port 301 to complete the resource recycling process.

[0121] The drive roller 42 and the induced draft impeller 64 are connected by the transmission component 81. Under the driving action of the first drive component 41, not only can the slag be conveyed, but also the slag can be sprayed and washed, and the slag can be dried and supplied with air.

[0122] The equipment adopts an integrated design. Simply inject the raw material to be processed into the tank 21, and after one-button operation, you can obtain the dried residue and the separated filtrate. The equipment has a high degree of integration, which reduces the space occupied by the equipment. At the same time, the high degree of automation reduces the energy consumption of the equipment during operation, and provides technical support for one-button operation and processing.

[0123] This invention also provides a method for recycling waste lithium batteries.

[0124] The method for recycling used lithium batteries includes the following steps:

[0125] Step S1: Add the positive electrode material to the eutectic solvent solution, stir, leach, centrifuge at high speed, filter, wash, and obtain nickel-containing precipitate and filtrate 1;

[0126] Step S2: Calcining the nickel-containing precipitate to obtain nickel oxide;

[0127] Step S3: Add ammonium oxalate to filtrate 1, let stand, filter, and obtain cobalt-containing precipitate and filtrate 2;

[0128] Step S4: Calcining the cobalt-containing precipitate to obtain cobalt tetroxide;

[0129] Step S5: Add ammonia to filtrate 2 to remove trace cobalt ions. Add the filtrate with trace cobalt ions removed to ammonium bicarbonate solution, adjust the pH, filter, and obtain manganese precipitate and filtrate 3.

[0130] Step S6: Calcining the manganese-containing precipitate to obtain manganese trioxide;

[0131] Step S7: Add calcium chloride solution to filtrate 3, adjust pH, filter and dry to obtain calcium tartrate and filtrate 4;

[0132] Step S8: Add an inorganic-organic composite adsorbent to the filtrate 4 to adsorb lithium ions, and then desorb with dilute hydrochloric acid solution to obtain the desorbed solution;

[0133] Step S9: The desorbent is concentrated using a nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane system to remove impurity ions, and then evaporated and concentrated to obtain a lithium concentrate.

[0134] Step S10: Inject the lithium concentrate into the solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system, slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution and mix thoroughly, filter, wash and dry in the conveying chamber 100 in sequence, and discharge the lithium carbonate directly through the discharge port 301.

[0135] Specifically, the eutectic solvent (DES) solution is prepared by mixing choline chloride and tartaric acid in a certain molar ratio; the tartaric acid is derived from agricultural and food waste and is obtained through recycling.

[0136] Technical effects:

[0137] It achieves efficient recovery of lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. Combined with nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems, it effectively removes impurity ions, improves the purity of lithium solutions, reduces subsequent purification costs, and simultaneously enables the recycling of tartaric acid.

[0138] Using DES as a leaching agent avoids the use of traditional mineral acids, reduces secondary pollution, and Ni ions have a stronger binding energy and coordination ability with DES, achieving selective precipitation of Ni. The entire recovery process does not require additional reducing agents.

[0139] Case 1.

[0140] The method for recycling used lithium batteries includes the following steps:

[0141] S1. Add the cathode material to the eutectic solvent (DES) solution with a slurry density of 20 g / L, stir and leach at 100℃ for 50 min, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 min, filter, wash with ethanol 3 times to obtain nickel-containing precipitate and filtrate 1.

[0142] S2. Calcine the nickel-containing precipitate at 500℃ for 2 hours to obtain nickel oxide;

[0143] S3. Add ammonium oxalate to filtrate 1, according to Co... 2+ C2O4 2- =1:1.15 molar ratio added, no pH adjustment required, let stand at 55℃ for 2 hours, filter, and obtain cobalt-containing precipitate and filtrate 2;

[0144] S4. Calcine the cobalt-containing precipitate at 500℃ for 2 hours to obtain cobalt tetroxide;

[0145] S5. Add ammonia to filtrate 2 to remove trace cobalt ions. Add the filtrate with trace cobalt ions removed to ammonium bicarbonate solution. Adjust the pH to 1.5 at 45℃ and filter to obtain manganese precipitate and filtrate 3.

[0146] S6. Calcining the manganese-containing precipitate at 800℃ for 2 hours yields manganese trioxide;

[0147] S7. Add calcium chloride solution to filtrate 3, adjust pH to 7, filter and dry to obtain calcium tartrate and filtrate 4; the calcium tartrate can be further processed by using sulfuric acid to convert calcium tartrate into tartaric acid, so as to realize the recycling of tartaric acid.

[0148] S8. Add 3g of inorganic-organic composite adsorbent to filtrate 4 to adsorb lithium ions, and then desorb with dilute hydrochloric acid solution with pH 1.6 to obtain desorbed solution;

[0149] S9. The desorbent is concentrated using nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems to remove impurity ions, and then evaporated and concentrated to obtain lithium concentrate.

[0150] S10. Slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution dropwise to lithium concentrate, filter, wash, and dry to obtain lithium carbonate.

[0151] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization, characterized in that, include: support; A mixing unit, which is mounted on the support frame; The housing is installed at the output end of the mixer unit and is fixed to the support. An isolation frame is fixed inside the housing. A conveying chamber and a draining chamber are formed around the isolation frame and the housing. An isolation filter plate is integrated on the isolation frame. A discharge port is opened at the bottom of the housing. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the housing. The drain pipe and the discharge port are spaced apart by the isolation filter plate. The conveyor unit includes a first driving component, two driving rollers, a driving belt, and multiple flow guide baffles. The first driving component is fixed on the housing. The two driving rollers are rotatably installed in the isolation frame. The driving belt drives and connects the two driving rollers. The multiple flow guide baffles are evenly distributed on the surface of the driving belt. The driving belt is located within the conveying chamber. A spray unit, comprising a gear pump and a spray nozzle, wherein the fixed part of the gear pump is fixedly mounted on the housing, the shaft end of the gear pump is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the first drive member, the spray nozzle is fixedly mounted on the top of the housing, the input end of the spray nozzle is connected to the output end of the gear pump, and the output end of the spray nozzle is aligned with the range of the conveying chamber. A blower assembly is installed on the housing. The blower assembly blows air into the conveying chamber for drying through a heating device. An exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the housing and is connected to the conveying chamber. The mixture first enters the conveying chamber after being conveyed by the mixer unit, the filtrate enters the discharge chamber after passing through the isolation filter plate, and the slag is horizontally transported within the conveying chamber by the drive belt and the guide baffle.

2. The lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two paving plates are fixed inside the box. The two paving plates are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the mixer unit and are located within the conveying cavity. The bottom of the paving plates is in sliding contact with the top of the guide baffle.

3. The lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shower head has two spray pipes, which are distributed in parallel and staggered from the paving plate; the shower head is positioned within the filtration range of the isolation filter plate.

4. The lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing unit includes a tank, a feed pipe, a motor, and a stirring rod. The tank is fixed on the support and is equipped with a solenoid valve. The output end of the tank is connected to the conveying chamber. Two paving plates are symmetrically arranged at the output end of the tank. The feed pipe is located on the tank. The motor is fixed on the top of the tank. The top of the stirring rod passes through the tank and is fixedly connected to the drive unit of the motor.

5. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower assembly includes a blower tube, a second drive unit, a rotating shaft, and an air-guiding impeller. The output end of the blower tube is connected to the delivery chamber. The second drive unit is fixedly installed on the top of the blower tube by a support plate. The two ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to the drive part of the second drive unit and the air-guiding impeller. The heating device is integrated into the output pipe of the blower tube.

6. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating device is an electric heating device, and the heating component is located within the output range of the air duct.

7. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower assembly includes a blower tube, a rotating shaft, and an air-driving impeller. The output end of the blower tube is connected to the delivery chamber. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the blower tube via a support plate. The bottom of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the air-driving impeller. The heating device is integrated into the output pipe of the blower tube. The solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system also includes a connecting unit, which includes a transmission component, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The transmission component drives and connects a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft passes through the air duct and is rotatably connected. The second connecting shaft passes through the housing and the isolation frame in sequence and is fixedly connected to the shaft end of one of the drive rollers. The first bevel gear is fixed on the first connecting shaft, and the second bevel gear is fixed on the rotating shaft. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed together.

8. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission component consists of two pulleys and a belt. The belt drives the two pulleys, with one pulley fixed to the first connecting shaft and the other pulley fixed to the second connecting shaft.

9. A lithium extraction system for solid waste resource utilization according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission component consists of two sprockets and a chain. The chain drives the two sprockets, one of which is fixed to the first connecting shaft and the other is fixed to the second connecting shaft.

10. A method for recycling waste lithium batteries, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Add the positive electrode material to the eutectic solvent solution, stir, leach, centrifuge at high speed, filter, wash, and obtain nickel-containing precipitate and filtrate 1; Step S2: Calcining the nickel-containing precipitate to obtain nickel oxide; Step S3: Add ammonium oxalate to filtrate 1, let stand, filter, and obtain cobalt-containing precipitate and filtrate 2; Step S4: Calcining the cobalt-containing precipitate to obtain cobalt tetroxide; Step S5: Add ammonia to filtrate 2 to remove trace cobalt ions. Add the filtrate with trace cobalt ions removed to ammonium bicarbonate solution, adjust the pH, filter, and obtain manganese precipitate and filtrate 3. Step S6: Calcining the manganese-containing precipitate to obtain manganese trioxide; Step S7: Add calcium chloride solution to filtrate 3, adjust pH, filter and dry to obtain calcium tartrate and filtrate 4; Step S8: Add an inorganic-organic composite adsorbent to the filtrate 4 to adsorb lithium ions, and then desorb with dilute hydrochloric acid solution to obtain the desorbed solution; Step S9: The desorbent is concentrated using a nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane system to remove impurity ions, and then evaporated and concentrated to obtain a lithium concentrate. Step S10: Inject the lithium concentrate into the solid waste resource recovery lithium extraction system as described in any one of claims 1-9, slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution and mix thoroughly, filter, wash and dry in the conveying chamber in sequence, and discharge lithium carbonate directly through the outlet.

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