Multi-station intelligent numerical control drilling and milling processing device based on embedded PLC

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-station intelligent numerical control drilling and milling processing devices based on embedded PLC, it is related to intelligent manufacturing equipment technical field, the present application includes rack, cantilever and main shaft, the lower end of the main shaft is equipped with protection unit, for protecting tool, the lower of the cantilever is equipped with fixed frame, cutting unit is equipped on the fixed frame, for cutting long metal scrap in processing process.The advantages are that: protection unit is driven connecting rod mechanism by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of main shaft, realize the automatic opening and closing of protective cover, non-cutting state package tool prevents broken needle error touch, cutting state is unfolded to form chip guide channel, cutting unit is rotated by eccentric wheel driven by main shaft, simultaneously by the design of water drop shape sliding groove, driving slider occurs relative displacement, and then driving moving blade and fixed blade cooperate to shear long metal chip, avoid long metal chip winding main shaft and tool, improve the stability and security of equipment automatic operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on embedded PLC. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of mechanical parts, it is often necessary to perform multiple processing steps such as drilling, milling, and tapping on the same workpiece in sequence. Existing technologies have developed multi-station combination machine tools that transfer workpieces between different stations by rotating a worktable to improve production efficiency. However, these machine tools have a series of problems in actual use.

[0003] First, during the processing of tough materials such as aluminum alloys and stainless steel, long strips of chips, which can be several meters long, are generated. These chips can wrap around the cutting tools, scratch the workpiece, and clog the gaps in the fixtures, severely restricting the continuous operation capability of automated production lines.

[0004] Secondly, most existing tool protection devices are independent opening and closing protective doors, which can only prevent personnel from accidentally touching them, but cannot prevent accidental collisions between tools, workpieces, and fixtures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on embedded PLC to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on an embedded PLC, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC includes a frame, a main drive motor, a turntable fixture, a cantilever, a secondary drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and a spindle. The main drive motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame, and the turntable fixture is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the main drive motor. The cantilever is slidably installed on the frame, and the secondary drive motor is located inside the cantilever. The spindle is connected to the output shaft of the secondary drive motor through the transmission mechanism. A fixed frame is provided below the cantilever, and a cutting tool is provided below the spindle.

[0007] The lower end of the spindle is equipped with a protective unit to protect the cutting tool, and the fixed frame is equipped with a cutting unit to cut long metal chips during the processing.

[0008] The protective unit includes a limiting plate, which is movably mounted on the main shaft. The main shaft has a rotating groove, and a ball bearing is provided between the main shaft and the limiting plate. A guide cover is fixedly installed below the limiting plate, and three protective covers are provided below the guide cover. A hinge is provided between the guide cover and the protective covers, and a foldable metal sheet is provided between the protective covers.

[0009] Furthermore, a tool holder is fixedly installed at the end of the spindle, the front end of the tool holder holds a tool, a floating ring is movably installed above the tool holder, a fixed ring is provided at the lower end of the guide cover, the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the spindle, and a return spring is provided between the floating ring and the fixed ring, and the return spring is fitted onto the spindle.

[0010] Furthermore, three connecting rods are evenly arranged on the floating ring, and a counterweight is provided on the side of each connecting rod. Three connecting rods are evenly arranged on the fixed ring, and each connecting rod is rotatably connected to the end of the corresponding connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a support arm is vertically mounted on the side of the second connecting rod, and a ball bearing is rotatably mounted at the end of the support arm, with the ball bearing contacting the inner wall of the protective cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting unit includes a fixed blade, which is located at the bottom of the first limiting plate. A second limiting plate is movably mounted on the main shaft. Two limiting rods are provided below the second limiting plate. The limiting rods pass through the fixing frame and their ends are fixedly connected to the first limiting plate. A second return spring is sleeved on the limiting rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixed blade has a through hole on its side, a movable blade is movably installed inside the fixed blade, a connecting rod three is fixedly installed in the middle part of the movable blade, and a connecting rod four is rotatably installed at the other end of the connecting rod three.

[0014] Furthermore, a connecting member is rotatably mounted on the other end of the connecting rod four, and a slider is provided on the other end of the connecting member. The slider is slidably mounted in a slide groove, which is located in an eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the main shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed frame is provided with a limiting groove for the rotation of the fourth connecting rod, the first limiting plate is provided with a through hole for the vertical movement of the third connecting rod, and the second limiting plate is provided with a through groove for the horizontal movement of the slider. The groove is teardrop-shaped.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1: The automatic opening and closing of the protective cover is achieved through the cooperation of the floating ring, connecting rod one, counterweight, connecting rod two and ball bearings. When the spindle starts to rotate, the counterweight moves outward under the centrifugal force, which drives the connecting rod mechanism to lift the protective cover and release the protection. When the spindle stops rotating, the protective cover closes and wraps around the tool under the action of gravity, thus achieving protection and avoiding the problems of needle breakage and accidental contact by personnel in non-cutting conditions.

[0017] 2: Through the cooperation of eccentric wheel, teardrop-shaped groove, slider, connecting rod four, connecting rod three, and moving and fixed blades, continuous shearing of long metal chips is achieved. The eccentric wheel rotates synchronously with the spindle. The relative motion of the groove and the slider drives the moving blade to reciprocate. Together with the fixed blade, the long chips are sheared into uniform short chips in real time, avoiding the problem of long metal chips wrapping around the tool and scratching the device.

[0018] In summary, the protective unit in this invention uses the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the spindle to drive the linkage mechanism, thereby enabling the automatic opening and closing of the protective cover. In the non-cutting state, it encloses the tool to prevent accidental contact with broken needles, and in the cutting state, it unfolds to form a chip guide channel. The cutting unit rotates the eccentric wheel driven by the spindle, and at the same time, through the design of the teardrop-shaped slide groove, it drives the slider to undergo relative displacement, thereby driving the moving blade and the fixed blade to cooperate in cutting long metal chips, avoiding long metal chips from entangled in the spindle and the tool, and improving the stability and safety of the automated operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on an embedded PLC proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the protective unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an unfolded diagram of the protective unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram A of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cutting unit part of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram B of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a bottom view of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram (C) of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame, 2. Main drive motor, 3. Turntable clamp, 4. Cantilever, 5. Secondary drive motor, 6. Transmission mechanism, 7. Main spindle, 8. Fixed frame, 9. Limiting plate I, 10. Guide cover, 11. Hinge, 12. Protective cover, 13. Tool holder, 14. Tool, 15. Floating ring, 16. Return spring I, 17. Fixed ring, 18. Link I, 19. Counterweight, 20. Link II, 21. Ball bearing, 22. Limiting plate II, 23. Limiting rod, 24. Return spring II, 25. Fixed blade, 26. Through hole, 27. Moving blade, 28. Link III, 29. Link IV, 30. Eccentric wheel, 31. Limiting groove, 32. Slide groove, 33. Slider, 34. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Reference Figures 1-11 A multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on embedded PLC includes a frame 1, a main drive motor 2, a turntable clamp 3, a cantilever 4, a secondary drive motor 5, a transmission mechanism 6, and a spindle 7. The main drive motor 2 is fixedly installed in the middle position of the frame 1. The turntable clamp 3 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the main drive motor 2. The cantilever 4 is slidably installed on the frame 1. The secondary drive motor 5 is located inside the cantilever 4. The spindle 7 is connected to the output shaft of the secondary drive motor 5 through the transmission mechanism 6. A fixed frame 8 is provided below the cantilever 4, and a cutting tool 14 is provided below the spindle 7.

[0022] The lower end of the spindle 7 is equipped with a protective unit to protect the tool 14, and the fixed frame 8 is equipped with a cutting unit to cut long metal chips during the processing.

[0023] The main drive motor 2 (which can be a Panasonic MSMF082L1U2M model) is bolted to the middle position of the frame 1. Its output shaft is vertically upward, and a turntable clamp 3 is fixed to the end by a flat key. This is used to clamp the workpiece to be processed and to realize multi-station rotation switching. The cantilever 4 is slidably mounted on the column of the frame 1 via a linear guide rail and can move up and down in the vertical direction. The auxiliary drive motor 5 (which can be a Panasonic MSMD042G1U model) is bolted to the internal cavity of the cantilever 4. The main shaft 7 is connected to the output shaft of the auxiliary drive motor 5 through a transmission mechanism 6 (preferably a synchronous belt transmission mechanism) and is driven to rotate by the auxiliary drive motor 5. A fixed frame 8 is bolted to the bottom of the cantilever 4 as the mounting base for the cutting unit.

[0024] The protective unit includes a limiting plate 9, which is movably mounted on the main shaft 7. The main shaft 7 is provided with a rotating groove. A ball bearing is provided between the main shaft 7 and the limiting plate 9. A guide cover 10 is fixedly installed below the limiting plate 9. Three protective covers 12 are provided below the guide cover 10. A hinge 11 is provided between the guide cover 10 and the protective covers 12. A foldable metal sheet is provided between the protective covers 12.

[0025] The center of the limiting plate 9 has a bearing mounting hole, which is movably mounted in the rotating groove on the main shaft 7 by ball bearing. This structure ensures that the limiting plate 9 remains stationary when the main shaft 7 rotates. The guide cover 10 is fixedly installed below the limiting plate 9 by bolts. The guide cover 10 has a tapered structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. A foldable metal sheet is provided between two adjacent protective covers 12. The two sides of the metal sheet are fixedly connected to the sides of the protective cover by rivets, so that the three protective covers 12 form a complete tapered protective cover when closed and a flared chip guide channel when opened.

[0026] A tool holder 13 is fixedly installed at the end of the spindle 7. The tool holder 14 is clamped at the front end of the tool holder 13. A floating ring 15 is movably installed above the tool holder 13. A fixed ring 17 is provided at the lower end of the guide cover 10. The fixed ring 17 is fixedly connected to the spindle 7. A return spring 16 is provided between the floating ring 15 and the fixed ring 17. The return spring 16 is sleeved on the spindle 7.

[0027] The return spring 16 is sleeved on the main shaft 7, with its two ends abutting against the upper surface of the floating ring 15 and the lower surface of the fixed ring 17, respectively, to provide a downward return force for the floating ring 15.

[0028] Three connecting rods 18 are evenly arranged on the floating ring 15. A counterweight 19 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 18. Three connecting rods 20 are evenly arranged on the fixed ring 17. Each connecting rod 18 is rotatably connected to the end of the corresponding connecting rod 20.

[0029] A support arm is vertically mounted on the side of the connecting rod 20, and a ball bearing 21 is rotatably mounted on the end of the support arm. The ball bearing 21 contacts the inner wall of the protective cover 12.

[0030] The cutting unit includes a fixed blade 25, which is located at the bottom of the first limiting plate 9. A second limiting plate 22 is movably mounted on the main shaft 7. Two limiting rods 23 are located below the second limiting plate 22. The limiting rods 23 pass through the fixed frame 8 and their ends are fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 9. A second return spring 24 is sleeved on the limiting rods 23.

[0031] Each limiting rod 23 is fitted with a second return spring 24. The two ends of the second return spring 24 abut against the lower surface of the fixing frame 8 and the upper surface of the limiting plate 9, respectively, providing an upward floating support force for the entire protection unit and cutting unit.

[0032] The fixed blade 25 has a through hole 26 on its side. A movable blade 27 is movably installed inside the fixed blade 25. A connecting rod 3 28 is fixedly installed in the middle part of the movable blade 27. A connecting rod 4 29 is rotatably installed at the other end of the connecting rod 3 28.

[0033] The fixed blade 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the limiting plate 9 by bolts, and a horizontal through hole 26 is opened on its side to serve as a channel for the chips to enter the shearing area.

[0034] The other end of the connecting rod 29 is rotatably mounted with a connecting piece 34, and the other end of the connecting piece 34 is provided with a slider 33. The slider 33 is slidably mounted in the slide groove 32, the slide groove 32 is located in the eccentric wheel 30, and the eccentric wheel 30 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 7.

[0035] The fixed frame 8 is provided with a limiting groove 31 for the rotation of the fourth connecting rod 29, the first limiting plate 9 is provided with a through hole for the third connecting rod 28 to move up and down, and the second limiting plate 22 is provided with a through groove for the horizontal movement of the slider 33. The slider 32 is teardrop-shaped.

[0036] The fixed blade 25 has a blade mounting groove that communicates with the through hole 26. The movable blade 27 is movably installed in the blade mounting groove and can reciprocate in the vertical direction. The middle part of the movable blade 27 is fixedly installed with a connecting rod 28 by welding. The connecting rod 28 passes upward through the through hole on the limiting plate 9, and its upper end is rotatably installed with a connecting rod 29 by a pin.

[0037] The upper end of the connecting rod 4 29 is rotatably mounted with a connecting piece 34 via a pin. The other end of the connecting piece 34 is fixed with a slider 33 by a bolt. The slider 33 is slidably mounted in the slide groove 32. The slide groove 32 is opened on the lower surface of the eccentric wheel 30. The eccentric wheel 30 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 7 by a flat key and rotates synchronously with the main shaft 7. The slide groove 32 is designed in the shape of a teardrop, with its large end located at the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 30 and its small end close to the center of the main shaft 7.

[0038] When the device starts working, the embedded PLC control system controls the secondary drive motor 5 to start, driving the main shaft 7 to rotate. The fixed ring 17 rotates synchronously with the main shaft 7. The counterweight 19 moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, driving the connecting rod 18 to swing outward, which in turn pushes the connecting rod 20 to rotate around its hinge point with the fixed ring 17. The support arm vertically mounted on the connecting rod 20 rotates accordingly, and the ball bearing 21 at the end rolls upward along the inner wall of the protective cover 12, pushing the three protective covers 12 outward at the same time, releasing the protection of the tool 14. At this time, the three protective covers 12 form a funnel-shaped chip guide channel, and the return spring 16 is compressed.

[0039] Driven by the cantilever 4, the spindle 7 feeds downward. When the tool 14 contacts the workpiece and begins cutting, the longer metal chips move upward along the inner wall of the protective cover 12 and are guided by the guide cover 10 to the through hole 26 on the side of the fixed blade 25. During the cutting process, the eccentric wheel 30 rotates synchronously with the spindle 7, causing the slider 33 to slide in the teardrop-shaped groove 32. Since the groove 32 is teardrop-shaped, the slider 33 will generate radial displacement during the sliding process, causing the connecting piece 34 to move radially, which in turn causes the connecting rod 29 to swing in the limiting groove 31. The lower end of the connecting rod 29 causes the connecting rod 28 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, thereby driving the moving blade 27 to reciprocate up and down in the blade mounting groove of the fixed blade 25. In cooperation with the fixed blade 25, the long metal chips that enter the through hole 26 are continuously cut into uniform short chips.

[0040] After processing is completed, the auxiliary drive motor 5 stops running, the spindle 7 stops rotating, the centrifugal force disappears, the return spring 16 pushes the floating ring 15 to move downward, driving the connecting rod 18 and the connecting rod 20 to reset, the ball 21 rolls downward along the inner wall of the protective cover 12, and the three protective covers 12 automatically close inward under the action of gravity and reset force, forming a circular protective cover again, completely enclosing the tool 14. At the same time, the return spring 24 pushes the limit plate 9 and the entire protective unit to reset upward, preparing for the next processing cycle.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling processing device based on embedded PLC, comprising a frame (1), a main drive motor (2), a turntable fixture (3), a cantilever (4), a secondary drive motor (5), a transmission mechanism (6), and a spindle (7), characterized in that, The main drive motor (2) is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame (1). A turntable clamp (3) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the main drive motor (2). The cantilever (4) is slidably installed on the frame (1). The auxiliary drive motor (5) is located inside the cantilever (4). The main shaft (7) is connected to the output shaft of the auxiliary drive motor (5) through a transmission mechanism (6). A fixed frame (8) is provided below the cantilever (4). A cutting tool (14) is provided below the main shaft (7). The lower end of the spindle (7) is provided with a protective unit to protect the tool (14), and the fixing frame (8) is provided with a cutting unit to cut the long cutting chips generated during the machining process. The protective unit includes a limiting plate (9), which is movably mounted on the main shaft (7). The main shaft (7) has a rotating groove, and a ball bearing is provided between the main shaft (7) and the limiting plate (9). A guide cover (10) is fixedly installed below the limiting plate (9). Three protective covers (12) are provided below the guide cover (10). A hinge (11) is provided between the guide cover (10) and the protective covers (12). A foldable metal sheet is provided between the protective covers (12).

2. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tool holder (13) is fixedly installed at the end of the spindle (7). The tool holder (13) holds a tool (14) at its front end. A floating ring (15) is movably installed above the tool holder (13). A fixed ring (17) is provided at the lower end of the guide cover (10). The fixed ring (17) is fixedly connected to the spindle (7). A return spring (16) is provided between the floating ring (15) and the fixed ring (17). The return spring (16) is sleeved on the spindle (7).

3. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 2, characterized in that, Three connecting rods (18) are evenly arranged on the floating ring (15), and a counterweight (19) is provided on the side of the connecting rod (18). Three connecting rods (20) are evenly arranged on the fixed ring (17), and each connecting rod (18) is rotatably connected to the end of the corresponding connecting rod (20).

4. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 3, characterized in that, A support arm is vertically mounted on the side of the second connecting rod (20), and a ball bearing (21) is rotatably mounted on the end of the support arm. The ball bearing (21) contacts the inner wall of the protective cover (12).

5. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting unit includes a fixed blade (25), which is located at the bottom of the first limiting plate (9). A second limiting plate (22) is movably mounted on the main shaft (7). Two limiting rods (23) are provided below the second limiting plate (22). The limiting rods (23) pass through the fixing frame (8) and their ends are fixedly connected to the first limiting plate (9). A second reset spring (24) is sleeved on the limiting rods (23).

6. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed blade (25) has a through hole (26) on its side. A movable blade (27) is movably installed inside the fixed blade (25). A connecting rod three (28) is fixedly installed in the middle part of the movable blade (27). A connecting rod four (29) is rotatably installed at the other end of the connecting rod three (28).

7. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the connecting rod (29) is rotatably mounted with a connector (34), and the other end of the connector (34) is provided with a slider (33). The slider (33) is slidably mounted in a groove (32), which is located in an eccentric wheel (30). The eccentric wheel (30) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (7).

8. The multi-station intelligent CNC drilling and milling machining device based on embedded PLC according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed frame (8) is provided with a limiting groove (31) for the fourth connecting rod (29) to rotate. The first limiting plate (9) is provided with a through hole for the third connecting rod (28) to move up and down. The second limiting plate (22) is provided with a through groove for the slider (33) to move laterally. The groove (32) is teardrop-shaped.

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