A method of continuous pultrusion of a multiscale fiber composite
By using a multi-scale fiber composite continuous pultrusion method, the problems of uneven fiber distribution and poor interfacial synergistic reinforcement in traditional processes have been solved, enabling high-performance production of composite materials.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610842422.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional continuous pultrusion processes struggle to balance the uniformity of spatial distribution of fibers of different sizes with the synergistic effect of interfacial reinforcement, leading to fluctuations and defects in product performance.
A continuous pultrusion molding method for multi-scale fiber composites is adopted, including fiber supply and arrangement, graded impregnation and coalescence, compaction molding, temperature-controlled curing and segmented cutting steps. Through layered arrangement, double-segment impregnation tank, multi-stage compaction rollers and zoned temperature-controlled heating, the orderly distribution and synchronous bonding of fibers of different scales are ensured.
It improves the consistency of the internal structure of composite materials, enhances the synergistic effect between fibers, improves the strength, toughness and fatigue resistance of materials, and reduces the probability of uneven curing and defects.
Smart Images
Figure CN122442987A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of continuous forming technology of composite materials, and in particular to a continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials. Background Technology
[0002] Continuous pultrusion is a high-efficiency process suitable for producing composite profiles with constant cross-sections. Traditional pultrusion processes are often used for single-scale fiber-reinforced systems, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve uniform spatial distribution of fibers of different scales and synergistic interfacial reinforcement. Multi-scale fiber blending can improve material strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance.
[0003] However, in continuous production, fiber arrangement control is difficult, the resin impregnation behavior of fibers of different sizes is different, and the stress transfer between sizes is uneven during the preforming and curing process, which can easily cause product performance fluctuations and defects. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials to solve the problem that the existing continuous pultrusion process is difficult to adapt to multi-scale fiber hybrid reinforcement systems.
[0005] This invention provides a method for continuous pultrusion forming of multi-scale fiber composite materials, comprising the following steps: Fiber supply and arrangement: Micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are introduced and arranged in layers according to a preset ratio; Graded impregnation and merging: A two-stage impregnation tank is used to deeply impregnate continuous fibers and surface-coat and disperse chopped fibers; a confluence guide plate is used to facilitate the merging and merging of micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics; Compaction molding: Multi-stage compaction rollers are used to compact the combined micron-sized short chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics to form a preformed material; Temperature-controlled curing: Taking into account the curing characteristics of resin and the differences in thermal conductivity of fibers of different sizes, the preformed material is heated in zones along the traction direction to cure the preformed material.
[0006] Furthermore, the method also includes a segmented cutting step following the temperature-controlled curing step. In the segmented cutting step, the preformed material is pulled at a set speed and automatically cut to length according to a set length.
[0007] Furthermore, in the fiber supply and arrangement steps, micron-sized chopped fibers are supplied in the form of loose bundles or premixed felts, while millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are supplied in parallel or cross-woven forms.
[0008] Furthermore, in the graded impregnation and merging steps, a low-speed stirring device and a constant temperature control unit are provided in the impregnation tank acting on the continuous fibers to promote the relative uniformity and stability of the adhesive solution; a porous dispersion plate and a viscosity adjustment device are provided in the impregnation tank acting on the short fibers to ensure the fluidity of the adhesive solution and promote the dispersion of the short fibers.
[0009] Furthermore, the multi-stage compaction rollers use a gradual pressure application method to make the continuous fibers form the main load-bearing skeleton, and the chopped fibers fill the gaps and form a secondary reinforcement network.
[0010] Furthermore, the speed along the traction direction is adjusted in real time by the central controller according to the curing process to ensure that fibers of different sizes reach the target bonding state synchronously during the curing process.
[0011] Furthermore, in the temperature-controlled curing step, the traction speed along the traction direction is adjusted in real time by the central controller according to the curing process to ensure that fibers of different sizes reach the target bonding state synchronously during the curing process.
[0012] Furthermore, in the segmented cutting step, a dual-track traction machine is used to pull at a set speed, and the cutting device automatically cuts the material to the set length.
[0013] Furthermore, a dual-track traction machine is used to pull the material at a set speed, and the cutting device automatically cuts it to a set length. The cutting device is equipped with a clamping and positioning mechanism to prevent the profile from deforming during cutting.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a monitoring and feedback system. The monitoring and feedback system can monitor fiber supply and arrangement, graded impregnation and merging, compaction and molding, and temperature-controlled curing steps, and the monitoring data is fed back to the central control system for dynamic adjustment of process parameters.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) A continuous pultrusion molding method for multi-scale fiber composite materials of the present invention introduces and arranges micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics in a preset ratio, so that fibers of different scales form a controlled spatial distribution relationship before entering the impregnation and molding stages, so that micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics form a synergistic reinforcement structure, giving full play to the reinforcement effect of fibers of different scales, reducing disordered stacking of chopped fibers and displacement of continuous fibers, and improving the consistency of the internal structure of composite materials.
[0016] (2) The present invention provides a continuous pultrusion molding method for multi-scale fiber composite materials, which uses a two-stage impregnation tank to treat continuous fibers and chopped fibers respectively. The continuous fibers are deeply impregnated, while the chopped fibers are surface coated and dispersed. This method can adapt to the differences in resin impregnation behavior of fibers of different scales, reduce insufficient impregnation of continuous fibers and agglomeration of chopped fibers, and improve the uniformity of resin distribution.
[0017] (3) A continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials of the present invention utilizes a confluence guide plate to facilitate the merging and combination of micron-sized short chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics in a controlled path, making it easier for short chopped fibers to enter the gap area of continuous fibers or fabrics, thereby enhancing the synergistic reinforcement effect between fibers of different scales.
[0018] (4) The multi-scale fiber composite material continuous pultrusion forming method of the present invention gradually pressurizes through multi-stage compaction rollers, effectively eliminating air-containing voids while forming the main load-bearing skeleton, and short-cut fibers fill the gaps and form a secondary reinforcement network, which can improve the interfacial contact state and load transfer path between multi-scale fibers, and improve the strength, toughness and fatigue resistance of composite materials.
[0019] (5) The present invention provides a continuous pultrusion molding method for multi-scale fiber composite materials. Based on the resin curing characteristics and the thermal conductivity differences of fibers of different scales, the preformed material is heated in a zoned manner along the traction direction and linked with the traction speed. This enables the preformed material to obtain matching temperature conditions at different curing stages, reducing the probability of defects such as uneven curing, internal stress concentration, porosity, cracks and delamination; improving curing quality and dimensional stability, and reducing internal stress and warping deformation. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a step diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 These are experimental data on the influence of different fiber supply and arrangement methods on the internal structural consistency of composite materials in this invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Performance improvement data for the Chinese embodiments and comparative examples; Figure 4 These are experimental data on the effects of different impregnation methods on fiber impregnation and resin distribution uniformity in this invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Data on the improvement magnitude of the Chinese embodiment and the comparative example. Detailed Implementation
[0021] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0022] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a continuous pultrusion method for multi-scale fiber composite materials. The continuous pultrusion method is suitable for producing composite profiles with constant cross-sections. The composite profiles can be sheets, rods, tubes, channel profiles, I-beams, or other pultruded profiles with constant cross-sections. The multi-scale fibers in the continuous pultrusion method include micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics. The millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are mainly used to form the primary load-bearing structure extending along the pultrusion direction, while the micron-sized chopped fibers are mainly used to fill the spaces between continuous fibers, within fabric pores, or in resin-rich areas, forming a secondary reinforcing network.
[0023] This embodiment provides a continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials, which sequentially includes fiber supply and arrangement, graded impregnation and merging, compaction forming, and temperature-controlled curing steps. According to the needs of continuous production, the continuous pultrusion forming method may also include a segmented cutting step after the temperature-controlled curing step, and the process can be monitored and controlled by a monitoring and feedback system.
[0024] In the continuous pultrusion process, during the fiber supply and arrangement steps, micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are introduced and arranged in layers according to a preset ratio. The preset ratio can be determined based on the mechanical properties, cross-sectional shape, resin system, fiber type, and product application scenario of the target profile. Micron-sized chopped fibers can be supplied in loose bundles or as premixed felt. Millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics can be supplied in parallel fiber bundles or in a cross-woven configuration.
[0025] By introducing and arranging micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics in a predetermined ratio, fibers of different scales form a controlled spatial distribution relationship before entering the impregnation and molding stages. This allows the micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics to form a synergistic reinforcement structure, fully leveraging the reinforcing effect of fibers of different scales, reducing disordered accumulation of chopped fibers and displacement of continuous fibers, and improving the consistency of the internal structure of the composite material.
[0026] Specifically, micron-sized chopped fibers can be introduced through a chopped fiber supply mechanism, while millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics can be introduced through a continuous fiber supply rack, yarn rack, or fabric unwinding device. By supplying them separately, the speed, tension, and feed rate of chopped and continuous fibers can be independently controlled, preventing chopped fibers from adhering to the surface of continuous fibers at the initial stage of supply and affecting the unfolding of the continuous fibers. Through layered arrangement, continuous fibers or fabrics can be located in the main stress-bearing areas, while chopped fibers are placed between continuous fibers or in resin-rich areas, thus providing a foundation for the subsequent formation of a multi-scale synergistic reinforcement structure.
[0027] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, which was a mixture of chopped fibers and continuous fibers and fed in a uniform manner, Examples 1 to 3, by feeding micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics in a preset ratio and arranging them in layers, can significantly reduce the proportion of chopped fiber agglomeration area and the average offset of continuous fibers, and improve the uniformity of cross-sectional fiber distribution.
[0028] In Example 2, after adopting a sandwich arrangement, the proportion of short-cut fiber agglomeration area decreased from 8.6% in Comparative Example 1 to 2.7%, the average offset of continuous fibers decreased from 1.42 mm to 0.48 mm, and the uniformity of cross-sectional fiber distribution increased from 78.3% to 94.2%. Simultaneously, the porosity decreased from 3.8% to 1.5%, the interlaminar shear strength increased from 42.5 MPa to 57.8 MPa, and the tensile strength increased from 612 MPa to 756 MPa.
[0029] The above results show that by feeding and arranging fibers of different scales separately, the present invention enables micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics to form a relatively stable spatial distribution relationship before entering the impregnation and forming stages. This effectively avoids disordered accumulation of chopped fibers and displacement of continuous fibers, improves the internal structural consistency of multi-scale fiber composite materials, and further improves the interfacial bonding performance and mechanical properties of the materials.
[0030] In the graded impregnation and consolidation steps, a two-stage impregnation tank is used to impregnate fibers of different sizes separately. The two-stage impregnation tank may include a first impregnation tank for continuous fibers and a second impregnation tank for chopped fibers. The first impregnation tank is used for deep impregnation of continuous fibers or fabrics, allowing the resin solution to fully penetrate the interior of the continuous fiber bundles or the pores of the fabric. The second impregnation tank is used for surface coating and dispersion of chopped fibers, ensuring that an appropriate amount of resin adheres to the surface of the chopped fibers and reducing the degree of aggregation between the chopped fibers.
[0031] The impregnation tank for continuous fibers can be equipped with a low-speed stirring device and a temperature control unit. The low-speed stirring device is used to keep the adhesive solution in a relatively uniform state, preventing local sedimentation of resin fillers, additives, or components; the temperature control unit is used to keep the adhesive solution within a suitable temperature range to maintain stable viscosity and wetting ability. Since continuous fiber bundles usually have a high fiber content and a strong bundle structure, deep impregnation can improve the uniformity of resin distribution inside and outside the fiber bundle, reducing dry yarn, voids, and impregnation dead zones.
[0032] A porous dispersion plate and a viscosity adjusting device can be installed in the impregnation tank for chopped fibers. The porous dispersion plate disperses and guides the chopped fibers, ensuring they are evenly dispersed as they pass through the porous area, preventing fiber agglomeration. The viscosity adjusting device regulates the flowability of the resin, ensuring it coats the surface of the chopped fibers without causing entanglement or accumulation due to excessive viscosity. These features improve the dispersion stability of the chopped fibers in the resin.
[0033] After the continuous fibers or fabric and chopped fibers have undergone graded impregnation, they are merged and combined via a confluence guide plate. The confluence guide plate can have guiding ramps, layered guide grooves, or gradually narrowing confluence channels, allowing the chopped fibers to gradually approach and merge with the continuous fibers or fabric under a controlled path. Through the guiding effect of the confluence guide plate, micron-sized chopped fibers can be more evenly distributed within the gaps of millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabric, reducing the possibility of localized aggregation of chopped fibers and improving the uniformity of the spatial distribution of multi-scale fibers. Simultaneously, the confluence guide plate promotes the merging and combination of micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabric under a controlled path, making it easier for chopped fibers to enter the gap regions of the continuous fibers or fabric, thereby enhancing the synergistic reinforcement effect between fibers of different scales.
[0034] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As can be seen from Tables 3 and 4, compared with Comparative Example 1, which was uniformly impregnated after mixing continuous fibers and chopped fibers, Examples 1 to 3 showed that after treating continuous fibers and chopped fibers separately with a two-stage impregnation tank, the impregnation rate of continuous fibers was significantly improved, and the proportion of dry spot area of continuous fibers and the proportion of agglomerated area of chopped fibers were significantly reduced.
[0035] In Example 3, after setting a constant temperature control unit in the continuous fiber impregnation tank and a viscosity adjustment device in the chopped fiber impregnation tank, the continuous fiber wetting rate increased from 82.4% in Comparative Example 1 to 96.8%, the proportion of continuous fiber dry spot area decreased from 6.8% to 1.2%, the proportion of chopped fiber agglomeration area decreased from 8.9% to 2.1%, and the resin distribution uniformity increased from 76.5% to 95.4%.
[0036] The above results show that the present invention uses a two-stage impregnation tank to perform adaptive impregnation treatment on fibers of different scales, so that continuous fibers can be fully impregnated and chopped fibers can be uniformly coated and dispersed. This can effectively reduce the problems of insufficient impregnation, chopped fiber agglomeration and uneven local distribution of resin, thereby improving the internal structural stability and interlayer bonding performance of multi-scale fiber composite materials.
[0037] In the compaction molding step, multi-stage compaction rollers are used to compact the combined micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics to form a preform material. The multi-stage compaction rollers can be arranged sequentially along the traction direction, and the material is compacted using a progressively increasing pressure method. The initial compaction roller is used to initially remove excess resin and larger pores; the intermediate compaction rollers are used to encourage the chopped fibers to enter the gaps between the continuous fibers; and the final compaction roller is used to stabilize the cross-sectional shape and thickness of the preform material.
[0038] Employing a gradual compaction method avoids the problems of continuous fiber displacement, chopped fiber extrusion, or fabric structure damage caused by a single high-pressure application. After multi-stage compaction, continuous fibers form the primary load-bearing skeleton, while chopped fibers fill the spaces between continuous fibers, within fabric pores, and in resin-rich areas, forming a secondary reinforcement network. The primary load-bearing skeleton improves the axial strength and stiffness of the profile, while the secondary reinforcement network enhances the material's interfacial bonding, crack resistance, toughness, and fatigue resistance.
[0039] It should be noted that a replaceable grid can be installed at the inlet of the multi-stage compaction roller. The grid aperture and shape are designed according to the multi-scale fiber arrangement, so that the continuous fibers form the main load-bearing skeleton, and the chopped fibers fill the gaps and form a secondary reinforcement network.
[0040] In the temperature-controlled curing step, taking advantage of the resin's curing characteristics and the differences in thermal conductivity between fibers of different sizes, the preformed material is subjected to zoned temperature-controlled heating along the traction direction to cure it. Zoned temperature-controlled heating can include a preheating zone, a gradient heating zone, and a constant-temperature curing zone. The preheating zone is used to raise the overall temperature of the preformed material and reduce the resin viscosity, allowing the resin to further flow and fill; the gradient heating zone is used to initiate resin cross-linking and initially form a stable structure; and the constant-temperature curing zone is used to complete the main curing reaction.
[0041] Because continuous fibers, fabrics, and chopped fibers differ in thermal conductivity, resin adsorption state, and spatial distribution, using a single temperature for curing can easily lead to localized excessively rapid curing, insufficient curing in certain areas, or uneven internal stress. This embodiment addresses this by implementing zoned temperature control along the traction direction, ensuring that the preformed material receives matching temperature conditions at different curing stages. This reduces defects such as porosity, cracks, delamination, warping, and internal stress concentration.
[0042] During the temperature-controlled curing process, the traction speed can be adjusted in real time by the central controller based on the curing progress. The central controller can determine the curing progress of the preformed material based on temperature data, traction resistance, material surface condition, degree of curing, or other monitoring data, and adjust the traction speed accordingly. When the curing reaction is insufficient or the internal temperature of the material is too low, the traction speed can be reduced to prolong the residence time of the preformed material in the heating zone; when the degree of curing meets the requirements and the profile forming is stable, the traction speed can be appropriately increased to improve production efficiency. Through the linkage control of traction speed and curing process, it can be ensured that fibers of different sizes reach the target bonding state simultaneously during the curing process.
[0043] After the temperature-controlled curing step, a segmented cutting step can be performed. In this step, the pre-formed material is pulled at a set speed and automatically cut to the set length. Specifically, a dual-track traction machine can be used to pull the cured profile at a set speed, and a cutting device can automatically cut it to the set length. The dual-track traction machine can apply a stable traction force to the profile, allowing it to move continuously and smoothly along the production direction.
[0044] The cutting device may include a cutting blade, a cutting drive mechanism, and a clamping and positioning mechanism. The cutting blade may be a saw blade, an abrasive wheel, or other tools suitable for cutting composite profiles. The cutting drive mechanism is used to drive the cutting blade to move relative to the profile to complete a fixed-length cut. The clamping and positioning mechanism is used to clamp and position the profile before or during cutting to prevent deformation of the profile during cutting.
[0045] The clamping and positioning mechanism may include clamping blocks, pressure plates, limiting seats, positioning grooves, or clamping drive components disposed on both sides of the profile cutting position. The clamping blocks or pressure plates can clamp the profile from above, below, or side. The limiting seats or positioning grooves can be adapted to the profile's cross-sectional shape to limit lateral movement, vertical offset, or torsion of the profile during the cutting process. The clamping drive component can be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, or lead screw drive mechanism. By constraining the profile through the clamping and positioning mechanism, the impact of cutting force on the profile ends can be reduced, preventing problems such as warping, extrusion deformation, cross-sectional offset, or increased burrs on the cut end face.
[0046] In one embodiment, the clamping and positioning mechanism can be located on both the front and rear sides of the cutting tool, ensuring that the profile to be cut is supported and clamped both in the cutting area. Before cutting, a dual-track traction machine pulls the profile to a set length position. The clamping and positioning mechanism first clamps and positions the profile, and then the cutting tool starts and completes the cutting. After cutting, the clamping and positioning mechanism releases, and the dual-track traction machine continues to pull the profile into the next cutting cycle. This method allows for the production of composite material profile segments with consistent length and good end-face quality under continuous production conditions.
[0047] This embodiment provides a continuous pultrusion molding method for multi-scale fiber composite materials, which may further include a monitoring and feedback system. This system can monitor fiber supply and alignment, graded impregnation and coalescence, compaction molding, and temperature-controlled curing steps, and feed the monitoring data back to the central control system. The monitored data may include fiber supply speed, fiber tension, chopped fiber dispersion state, resin temperature, resin viscosity, impregnation level, compaction pressure, preform thickness, heating zone temperature, traction speed, traction resistance, and degree of curing.
[0048] After receiving monitoring data, the central control system can dynamically adjust process parameters according to preset control logic. For example, when excessive tension in the continuous fibers is detected, the fiber supply speed or tension control device can be adjusted; when uneven dispersion of chopped fibers is detected, the viscosity adjustment device or flow state at the porous dispersion plate can be adjusted; when a large deviation in the thickness of the preformed material is detected, the pressure of the multi-stage compaction rollers can be adjusted; and when insufficient curing is detected, the temperature of the heating zone or the traction speed can be adjusted. This forms a closed-loop control, improving the stability of the continuous pultrusion molding process.
[0049] In summary, this invention achieves orderly distribution, full impregnation, stable merging, step-by-step compaction, uniform curing, and stable cutting of micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics during continuous pultrusion through fiber supply and arrangement, graded impregnation and merging, compaction molding, temperature-controlled curing, segmented cutting, and monitoring feedback control. This method can reduce problems such as fiber agglomeration, insufficient impregnation, uneven curing, profile deformation, and product performance fluctuations, and is suitable for the continuous production of multi-scale fiber composite profiles.
[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for continuous pultrusion forming of multi-scale fiber composite materials, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Fiber supply and arrangement: Micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are introduced and arranged in layers according to a certain ratio; Graded impregnation and merging: A two-stage impregnation tank is used to deeply impregnate continuous fibers and surface-coat and disperse chopped fibers; a confluence guide plate is used to facilitate the merging and merging of micron-sized chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics; Compaction molding: Multi-stage compaction rollers are used to compact the converging micron-sized short chopped fibers and millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics to form a preformed material; Temperature-controlled curing: Taking into account the curing characteristics of resin and the differences in thermal conductivity of fibers of different sizes, the preformed material is heated in zones along the traction direction to achieve curing.
2. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a "segmented cutting" step set after the "temperature controlled curing" step. In the "segmented cutting" step, the preformed material is pulled according to the set speed and automatically cut to length according to the set length.
3. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the "fiber supply and arrangement" step, the micron-sized chopped fibers are supplied in the form of loose bundles or premixed felt, and the millimeter-sized continuous fibers or fabrics are supplied in a parallel or cross-woven form.
4. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the "gradual impregnation and confluence" step, the impregnation tank acting on the continuous fibers is equipped with a low-speed stirring device and a constant temperature control unit, which can promote the relative uniformity and stability of the adhesive solution; the impregnation tank acting on the short fibers is equipped with a porous dispersion plate and a viscosity adjustment device to ensure the fluidity of the adhesive solution.
5. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage compaction rollers apply pressure gradually, causing continuous fibers to form the main load-bearing skeleton, while chopped fibers fill the gaps and form a secondary reinforcement network.
6. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed along the traction direction is adjusted in real time by the central controller according to the curing process, ensuring that fibers of different sizes reach the optimal bonding state synchronously during the curing process.
7. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the "temperature-controlled curing" step, the traction speed along the traction direction is adjusted in real time by the central controller according to the curing process, ensuring that fibers of different sizes reach the optimal bonding state synchronously during the curing process.
8. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the "segmented cutting" step, a dual-track traction machine is used to pull at a set speed, and the cutting device automatically cuts the material to the set length.
9. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material is pulled by a dual-track traction machine at a set speed, and then automatically cut to the set length by a cutting device. The cutting device is equipped with a clamping and positioning mechanism to prevent the profile from deforming during cutting.
10. The continuous pultrusion forming method for multi-scale fiber composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring and feedback system, which can monitor the steps of "fiber supply and arrangement", "gradation impregnation and merging", "compaction molding" and "temperature-controlled curing". The monitoring data is fed back to the central control system for dynamic adjustment of process parameters.