A multifunctional drilling power tong

Abstract

A multifunctional drilling power tong relates to the field of oilfield workover technology. Automatic switching door assemblies are installed at the openings of the main tong and the back tong, respectively. Each automatic switching door assembly includes a housing and a cover plate. A protective door is provided on the housing, and the protective door includes a door sleeve rotatably connected to a door hinge, which is fixedly connected to the housing. The protective door blocks the openings of the main tong and the back tong. An arm extends from the door sleeve into the housing, and the end of the arm has a ball head. An automatic switching module is located inside the housing. The beneficial effects of this invention are: by incorporating an automatic switching module at the protective door, the protective door is positioned so that after the tubing string enters the power tong, it can only open outwards, preventing external personnel from entering the operating power tong and ensuring operational safety. Simultaneously, when the tubing string enters the power tong and the protective door opens inwards, the cleaning component activates, spraying cleaning fluid to clean the tubing string, which facilitates the clamping of the tubing string by the power tong and prevents slippage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield well workover technology, and in particular to a multifunctional drilling power tong. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic drilling power tongs generally consist of a main tong and a back tong. The main tong clamps and rotates the upper tubing string for uncoupling and recoupling, while the back tong clamps the lower tubing string for fixation. Protective doors are installed at the openings of the main tong and back tong to ensure the safety of operators. Currently, the protective doors are basically made of torsion springs, which make the protective doors elastically fasten to the outside of the power tong. When the tubing string enters the power tong, the operator needs to manually open the protective door, which poses a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the safety hazards of current power tongs, this invention provides a multifunctional drilling power tong.

[0004] The technical solution provided by this invention is: a multi-functional drilling power tong, including a main tong and a back tong. Automatic switching door assemblies are respectively installed at the openings of the main tong and the back tong. The automatic switching door assembly includes a housing and a cover plate. The cover plate is bolted to the housing, and the bolts are threaded onto the power tong. The cover plate and the power tong clamp the housing in the middle. A protective door is provided on the housing. The protective door includes a door sleeve, which is rotatably connected to a door shaft. The door shaft is fixedly connected to the housing. The protective door blocks the openings of the main tong and the back tong. A support arm extends from the door sleeve into the housing, and a ball head is provided at the end of the support arm. An automatic switching module is provided inside the housing.

[0005] The automatic switching module includes a switching body with a transversely penetrating square hole. A guide post is installed inside the square hole. The guide post is a square post. The square hole and the guide post are slidably connected. The guide post is fixedly connected to the housing and the cover plate. A limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the switching body. The ball head is located in the limiting groove. The upper structure of the switching body is symmetrical from left to right. Taking the left side of the switching body as an example: the left end face of the switching body has a trigger countersunk hole, an energy storage countersunk hole, a switch countersunk hole and an execution countersunk hole from bottom to top.

[0006] A trigger piston is installed inside the trigger countersunk hole, and a trigger rod is installed on the outside of the trigger piston;

[0007] The energy storage sump is equipped with a high-pressure capsule, and a baffle is welded to the outer end of the energy storage sump.

[0008] The switch countersunk hole is equipped with a one-way valve and a switch piston. The switch piston is located inside the one-way valve. The switching body has a through hole A at the one-way valve position that communicates with the energy storage countersunk hole. The bottom of the switch countersunk hole has a throttling hole that communicates with the bottom of the trigger countersunk hole.

[0009] An actuator piston is installed inside the countersunk hole, and an actuator rod is installed outside the actuator piston. The countersunk hole has a through hole B on the right side of the check valve, and the through hole B is connected to the switch countersunk hole.

[0010] The trigger piston, switch piston, and throttle orifice are filled with high-viscosity liquid, while the inside of the high-pressure capsule, the one-way valve, and the inside of the actuator piston are filled with low-viscosity liquid.

[0011] The one-way valve includes a valve body, which is fitted with a switch counterbore through a sealing ring. The valve body has a tapered valve hole and a steel ball inside. The steel ball and the valve hole are sealed in a tapered manner. The valve hole is threaded to a valve seat on the left side. The valve seat has an overflow hole. The steel ball has a tray on the left side. A compression spring is provided between the tray and the valve seat. The outer circle of the valve body has an annular groove on the left side of the valve seat. The annular groove is located at the through hole A. The valve body has a side hole at the annular groove. The side hole communicates with the valve hole. The valve hole is threaded to a plug on the left side through a sealing ring.

[0012] A switch rod is located on the left side of the switch piston, and the switch rod extends into the valve hole.

[0013] The trigger piston, switch piston, and actuation piston mentioned above are all triggered by the clearance fit of the sealing ring through the countersunk hole, switch, and actuation hole.

[0014] The trigger rod extends to the left out of the switching body. The switching body is bolted to the trigger countersunk hole and connected to the cover A. The cover A has a through hole to allow the trigger rod to pass through. The actuator rod extends to the left out of the switching body. The switching body is bolted to the actuator countersunk hole and connected to the cover B. The cover B has a through hole to allow the actuator rod to pass through.

[0015] The main clamp and the back clamp are respectively equipped with cleaning components on the opposite side of the protective door. The cleaning components include a liquid tank with a liquid filling cover on the top. A contact switch is installed on the liquid tank at the protective door position. The protective door presses against the contact switch. Several nozzles are arranged vertically on one side of the liquid tank. The nozzles are connected in parallel to a U-shaped tube inside the liquid tank. The U-shaped tube is inverted, and the side of the U-shaped tube connected to the nozzles is made into a blind plate. The liquid tank is connected to a compressed air pipe, and a solenoid valve is installed on the compressed air pipe.

[0016] The outer side of the ball head is wrapped with a permanent magnet.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting an automatic switching module at the protective door of the power clamp, the protective door is in a state where it can only be opened outward after the tubing enters the power clamp, preventing external personnel from entering the power clamp that is being operated, thus ensuring operational safety. At the same time, when the protective door opens inward after the tubing enters the power clamp, the cleaning component is activated, spraying out cleaning fluid to clean the tubing, which is beneficial for the power clamp to clamp the tubing and prevent slippage. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Appendix Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic switching door assembly;

[0020] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic door after the opening direction is switched.

[0021] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the switching body;

[0022] Appendix Figure 5 It is attached Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A;

[0023] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a one-way valve;

[0024] Appendix Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the protective door;

[0025] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component.

[0026] Appendix Figure 9 It is attached Figure 8 BB cross-section.

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Main clamp, 2-Back clamp, 3-Automatic switching door assembly, 4-Cleaning component, 401-Fill cap, 402-Liquid tank, 5-Safety door, 501-Door sleeve, 502-Support arm, 503-Ball head, 504-Permanent magnet, 6-Housing, 7-Cover plate, 8-Door hinge, 9-Switching body, 901-Limiting groove, 902-Square hole, 903-Trigger countersunk hole, 904-Energy storage countersunk hole, 905-Switch countersunk hole, 906-Actuation countersunk hole, 907-Through hole A, 908-Through hole B, 909-Throttle hole, 10 - Guide column, 11- Trigger piston, 111- Trigger rod, 12- Actuator piston, 121- Actuator rod, 13- High pressure capsule, 14- Baffle, 15- Switch piston, 151- Switch rod, 16- Check valve, 161- Valve body, 162- Steel ball, 163- Tray, 164- Valve seat, 165- Annular groove, 166- Side hole, 167- Plug cap, 168- Valve hole, 17- Contact switch, 18- Nozzle, 19- Compressed air pipe, 20- Solenoid valve, 21- U-tube, 22- Cover A, 23- Cover B. Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figures 1-9As shown, a multi-functional drilling power tong includes a main tong 1 and a back tong 2. Automatic switching door assemblies 3 are installed at the openings of the main tong 1 and the back tong 2 respectively. The automatic switching door assembly 3 includes a housing 6 and a cover plate 7. The cover plate 7 is bolted to the housing 6, and the bolts are threaded onto the power tong. The cover plate 7 and the power tong clamp the housing 6 in the middle. A protective door 5 is provided on the housing 6. The protective door 5 includes a door sleeve 501, which is rotatably connected to a door shaft 8. The door shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the housing 6. The protective door 5 blocks the openings of the main tong 1 and the back tong 2. A support arm 502 extends from the door sleeve 501 into the housing 6. A ball head 503 is provided at the end of the support arm 502. An automatic switching module is provided inside the housing 6.

[0029] The automatic switching module includes a switching body 9, which has a transversely penetrating square hole 902. A guide post 10 is provided inside the square hole 902. The guide post 10 is a square post. The square hole 902 and the guide post 10 are slidably connected. The guide post 10 is fixedly connected to the housing 6 and the cover plate 7. The lower part of the switching body 9 has a limiting groove 901. The ball head 503 is located in the limiting groove 901. The guide post 10 guides the switching body 9 to move laterally. At the same time, the limiting groove 901 is always facing the ball head 503. The upper structure of the switching body 9 is symmetrical from left to right. Taking the left side of the switching body 9 as an example: the left end face of the switching body 9 has a trigger countersunk hole 903, an energy storage countersunk hole 904, a switch countersunk hole 905 and an execution countersunk hole 906 respectively from bottom to top.

[0030] A trigger piston 11 is provided inside the trigger countersunk hole 903, and a trigger rod 111 is provided on the outside of the trigger piston 11;

[0031] The energy storage sump 904 is equipped with a high-pressure capsule 13, and a baffle 14 is welded to the outer end of the energy storage sump 904.

[0032] The switch countersunk hole 905 is equipped with a one-way valve 16 and a switch piston 15. The switch piston 15 is located inside the one-way valve 16. The switching body 9 has a through hole A907 at the one-way valve 16 position that communicates with the energy storage countersunk hole 904. The bottom of the switch countersunk hole 905 has a throttling hole 909 that communicates with the bottom of the trigger countersunk hole 903.

[0033] An actuator piston 12 is provided inside the actuator countersunk hole 906, and an actuator rod 121 is provided on the outside of the actuator piston 12. An through hole B908 is opened on the right side of the check valve 16 in the actuator countersunk hole 906, and the through hole B908 is connected to the switch countersunk hole 905.

[0034] The trigger piston 11, the switch piston 15, and the throttle orifice 909 are filled with high-viscosity liquid, while the inside of the high-pressure capsule 13, the one-way valve 16, and the inside of the actuator piston 12 are filled with low-viscosity liquid.

[0035] The one-way valve 16 includes a valve body 161, which is fitted with a switch countersunk hole 905 through a sealing ring. The valve body 161 has a tapered valve hole 168 inside, and a steel ball 162 is provided inside the valve body 161. The steel ball 162 and the valve hole 168 are sealed taperedly. The valve hole 168 is threaded to the left side of the valve seat 164, and the valve seat 164 has an overflow hole. The steel ball 162 has a tray 163 on the left side, and a compression spring is provided between the tray 163 and the valve seat 164. The outer circle of the valve body 161 has an annular groove 165 on the left side of the valve seat 164. The annular groove 165 is located at the through hole A907. The valve body 161 has a side hole 166 at the annular groove 165, which communicates with the valve hole 168. The valve hole 168 is threaded to the left side of the valve hole 168 through a sealing ring.

[0036] A switch rod 151 is provided on the left side of the switch piston 15, and the switch rod 151 extends into the valve hole 168.

[0037] The trigger piston 11, switch piston 15 and actuation piston 12 are all triggered by the countersunk hole 903, switch countersunk hole 905 and actuation countersunk hole 906 through the gap fit of the sealing ring.

[0038] The automatic switching module's operation process is as follows: Refer to the appendix. Figure 2 When a tubing column enters the power clamp from the left, the tubing column pushes the protective door 5 to rotate inward, the ball head 503 pushes the switching body 9 to move to the left, the trigger rod 111 touches the cover plate 7 and moves to the right, the trigger piston 11 moves to the right, the liquid pushes the switch piston 15 to move to the left, the switch rod 151 pushes the steel ball 162 of the one-way valve 16 away from the conical sealing part, the one-way valve 16 opens, and the high-pressure liquid in the energy storage sink 904 (when the actuator rod 121 moved to the right last time, the liquid was pushed into the energy storage sink 904, causing the high-pressure capsule 13 to contract and store energy) flows to the through hole A907, the annular groove 165, the side hole 166, the valve hole 168, and the through hole B908 to the actuator sink 906, pushing the actuator piston 12 and the actuator rod 121 to move to the left, pushing the switching body 9 to the right, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown, the ball head 503 of the protective door 5 is limited on the left by the limiting groove 901, so the protective door 5 can only be opened outward. At the same time, the actuator 121 on the right is blocked by the housing 6 and moves to the left. The actuator piston 12 compresses the liquid into the energy storage sink hole 904 on the right and compresses the high-pressure capsule 13 to store energy.

[0039] Conversely, when the tubing completes the connection or disassembly operation and is removed from the protective door 5, the switching body 9 moves to the left, and the protective door 5 becomes a state where it can only be opened inwards.

[0040] Due to the effect of the throttle orifice 909 and the high-viscosity liquid, when the actuator 121 is pushed out and the switching body 9 moves, the retraction speed of the switch piston 15 under the push of the steel ball 162 is slow, and it can wait until the actuator 121 is fully in place.

[0041] The trigger rod 111 extends to the left out of the switching body 9. The switching body 9 is bolted to the cover A22 in the trigger countersunk hole 903. The cover A22 has a through hole to allow the trigger rod 111 to pass through. The actuator rod 121 extends to the left out of the switching body 9. The switching body 9 is bolted to the cover B23 in the actuator countersunk hole 906. The cover B23 has a through hole to allow the actuator rod 121 to pass through, preventing parts from falling off during installation.

[0042] The main clamp 1 and the back clamp 2 are respectively equipped with cleaning components 4 opposite the protective door 5. The cleaning components 4 include a liquid tank 402. The top of the liquid tank 402 is equipped with a liquid filling cap 401. The liquid tank 402 is filled with cleaning liquid. A contact switch 17 is installed in the liquid tank 402 at the position of the protective door 5. The protective door 5 presses on the contact switch 17. The liquid tank 402 is equipped with several nozzles 18 arranged vertically on one side of the protective door 5. The nozzles 18 are connected in parallel to a U-shaped tube 21 in the liquid tank 402. The U-shaped tube 21 is inverted. The side of the U-shaped tube 21 connected to the nozzles 18 is made into a blind plate. This structure can prevent the cleaning liquid from flowing out. The liquid tank 402 is connected to a compressed air pipe 19. A solenoid valve 20 is installed on the compressed air pipe 19.

[0043] When the protective door 5 is opened, the contact switch 17 is activated, the solenoid valve 20 is opened, and the compressed air compresses the cleaning fluid and sprays it out of the nozzle 18 to clean the tube column. The solenoid valve 20 can be set to open once after the contact switch 17 is activated twice, that is, the tube column is cleaned when the protective door 5 is opened, and is not cleaned when the tube column is removed.

[0044] The power clamp has an automatic switching module at the protective door 5, which ensures that after the tubing enters the power clamp, the protective door 5 can only be opened outwards, preventing external personnel from entering the operating power clamp and ensuring operational safety. At the same time, when the tubing enters the power clamp and the protective door 5 opens inwards, the cleaning component 4 is activated, spraying cleaning fluid to clean the tubing, which helps the power clamp to clamp the tubing and prevents slippage.

[0045] The ball head 503 is wrapped with a permanent magnet 504, so that the ball head 503 is always magnetically attracted in the limiting groove 901, for example, when the protective door 5 is in the inward opening state, it prevents the protective door 5 from opening freely outward.

Claims

1. A multi-functional drilling power tong, comprising a main tong (1) and a back tong (2), characterized in that: Automatic switching door assemblies (3) are installed at the openings of the main clamp (1) and the back clamp (2). The automatic switching door assembly (3) includes a housing (6) and a cover plate (7). The cover plate (7) is connected to the housing (6) by bolts, and the bolts are threaded onto the power clamp. The cover plate (7) and the power clamp clamp the housing (6) in the middle. A protective door (5) is provided on the housing (6). The protective door (5) includes a door sleeve (501). The door sleeve (501) is rotatably connected to a door shaft (8). The door shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the housing (6). The protective door (5) blocks the openings of the main clamp (1) and the back clamp (2). The door sleeve (501) extends an arm (502) into the housing (6). The end of the arm (502) is provided with a ball head (503). An automatic switching module is provided inside the housing (6). The automatic switching module includes a switching body (9), which has a transversely penetrating square hole (902). A guide post (10) is provided in the square hole (902). The guide post (10) is a square post. The square hole (902) and the guide post (10) are slidably connected. The guide post (10) is fixedly connected to the housing (6) and the cover plate (7). The lower part of the switching body (9) is provided with a limiting groove (901). The ball head (503) is located in the limiting groove (901). The upper structure of the switching body (9) is symmetrical from left to right. Taking the left side of the switching body (9) as an example: the left end face of the switching body (9) has a trigger countersunk hole (903), an energy storage countersunk hole (904), a switch countersunk hole (905), and an execution countersunk hole (906) respectively from bottom to top. A trigger piston (11) is provided inside the trigger countersunk hole (903), and a trigger rod (111) is provided on the outside of the trigger piston (11); The energy storage sump (904) is equipped with a high-pressure capsule (13), and the energy storage sump (904) is sealed and welded with a baffle (14) at its outer end; The switch countersunk hole (905) is equipped with a one-way valve (16) and a switch piston (15). The switch piston (15) is located inside the one-way valve (16). The switching body (9) has a through hole A (907) at the one-way valve (16) position that communicates with the energy storage countersunk hole (904). The bottom of the switch countersunk hole (905) has a throttling hole (909) that communicates with the bottom of the trigger countersunk hole (903). An actuator piston (12) is provided inside the actuator countersunk hole (906), and an actuator rod (121) is provided outside the actuator piston (12). A through hole B (908) is opened on the right side of the check valve (16) in the actuator countersunk hole (906), and the through hole B (908) is connected to the switch countersunk hole (905). The trigger piston (11), the switch piston (15), and the throttle orifice (909) are filled with high-viscosity liquid, while the inside of the high-pressure capsule (13), the one-way valve (16), and the inside of the actuator piston (12) are filled with low-viscosity liquid.

2. The multi-functional drilling power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve (16) includes a valve body (161), which is fitted with a switch counterbore (905) through a sealing ring clearance. A tapered valve bore (168) is provided inside the valve body (161), and a steel ball (162) is provided inside the valve body (161). The steel ball (162) and the valve bore (168) are sealed in a tapered manner. A valve seat (164) is threaded to the left side of the valve bore (168), and an overflow hole is provided on the valve seat (164). A support is provided on the left side of the steel ball (162). A compression spring is provided between the disc (163), the tray (163) and the valve seat (164). The outer circle of the valve body (161) has an annular groove (165) on the left side of the valve seat (164). The annular groove (165) is located at the position of the through hole A (907). The valve body (161) has a side hole (166) at the annular groove (165). The side hole (166) communicates with the valve hole (168). The left side of the valve hole (168) is connected to the plug cap (167) by a sealing ring thread. A switch rod (151) is provided on the left side of the switch piston (15), and the switch rod (151) extends into the valve hole (168).

3. The multi-functional drilling power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger piston (11), switch piston (15) and actuation piston (12) are all connected by a sealing ring with a gap fit between the trigger countersunk hole (903), switch countersunk hole (905) and actuation countersunk hole (906); The trigger rod (111) extends to the left and extends out of the switching body (9). The switching body (9) is bolted to the cover A (22) in the trigger countersunk hole (903). The cover A (22) has a through hole to accommodate the trigger rod (111) passing through. The actuator rod (121) extends to the left and extends out of the switching body (9). The switching body (9) is bolted to the cover B (23) in the actuator countersunk hole (906). The cover B (23) has a through hole to accommodate the actuator rod (121) passing through.

4. The multi-functional drilling power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main clamp (1) and the back clamp (2) are respectively equipped with cleaning components (4) opposite the protective door (5). The cleaning components (4) include a liquid tank (402). The top of the liquid tank (402) is provided with a liquid filling cover (401). The liquid tank (402) is equipped with a contact switch (17) at the position of the protective door (5). The protective door (5) presses on the contact switch (17). The liquid tank (402) is provided with several nozzles (18) arranged vertically on one side of the protective door (5). The several nozzles (18) are connected in parallel to a U-shaped tube (21) inside the liquid tank (402). The U-shaped tube (21) is inverted. The side of the U-shaped tube (21) connected to the nozzles (18) is made into a blind plate. The liquid tank (402) is connected to a compressed air pipe (19). A solenoid valve (20) is provided on the compressed air pipe (19).

5. A multi-functional drilling power tong according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball head (503) is wrapped with a permanent magnet (504).

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