A wax for jewelry wax pattern making, a method of making and a forming process

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of jewelry wax technology, and provides a wax material, preparation method and molding process for making jewelry wax molds. The wax material is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30%-40% beeswax, 5%-15% paraffin wax, 45%-55% rosin, 2%-8% lignite wax and 1%-10% high-frequency wax. The wax material of this invention achieves a balance between hardness and toughness by compounding beeswax, paraffin wax, rosin, lignite wax and high-frequency wax in a specific ratio. After natural cooling, it has the characteristics of "hard in the middle and soft in the middle", is not brittle and not sticky, and is particularly suitable for making fine jewelry wax molds that conform to natural curves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of jewelry wax materials, and more specifically, to a wax material, preparation method and molding process for making jewelry wax molds. Background Technology

[0002] Jewelry wax model making is a core preliminary step in jewelry manufacturing. The properties of the wax and the molding process directly determine the precision, texture reproduction, and structural stability of the final jewelry product. Currently, most jewelry waxes used in the industry are single-component (such as paraffin wax and rosin) or simple compound systems, which generally present a contradiction between plasticity and hardness. Specifically, highly plastic waxes tend to spring back easily after cooling and have low hardness, making the molded wax model prone to deformation during subsequent processing; while high-hardness waxes are brittle and easily break during cutting and shaping, making it difficult to meet the production requirements of delicate jewelry products that conform to natural curves, such as thin petals, insect wings, and ribbon folds.

[0003] In terms of molding processes, the texture pressing of traditional jewelry wax models is mostly done after the three-dimensional modeling is completed. The texture is easily distorted by subsequent twisting, bending, and other shaping operations, resulting in low fidelity. In addition, the bonding of multi-layered wax models with metal components is mostly done by welding or laser engraving. High temperatures can easily cause deformation of the wax model or metal workpiece, and it is impossible to achieve a firm and detachable bond between different metal layers (such as pure gold, karat gold, and titanium), resulting in poor compatibility. At the same time, traditional process parameters are mostly qualitative descriptions, lacking standardized quantitative parameters, leading to poor process repeatability, low wax model qualification rate, and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale, high-precision jewelry processing. To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a wax material, preparation method, and molding process for making wax molds of jewelry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wax material, preparation method and molding process for making wax molds for jewelry, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a wax material for making wax molds for jewelry, composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30%-40% beeswax, 5%-15% paraffin wax, 45%-55% rosin, 2%-8% lignite wax, and 1%-10% high-frequency wax.

[0006] Preferably, it is composed of the following components by weight percentage: beeswax 34%, paraffin wax 5%, rosin 50%, lignite wax 5%, and high-frequency wax 6%.

[0007] Preferably, it is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 35% beeswax, 10% paraffin wax, 50% rosin, 3% lignite wax, and 2% high-frequency wax.

[0008] Preferably, the beeswax has a melting point of 62-67℃; the paraffin wax is No. 58 Kunlun wax block; the rosin is premium grade rosin with a melting point of 47-64℃; the high-frequency wax has an applicable temperature of 80-82℃; and the lignite wax has a melting point of 75-83℃ and a density of 0.98-1.03 g / cm³.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wax material, comprising the following steps: S1. Wax boiling and filtration: Heat each raw material in the formula at 100℃-130℃ for 60-100 minutes, melt and mix them, and then filter them with 400-800 mesh cotton cloth; S2. Cooling and Shaping: Pour the filtered wax liquid into a container and cool it at room temperature for 30-40 minutes until it solidifies into a wax block; S3. Cutting wax pellets: Heat the part of the wax block to be cut with a hot air gun until it is soft and sticky, and then cut it into wax pellets of the required weight; S4. Pressing into sheets: Heat the wax granules at 40-50℃ for 10-20 minutes until they are soft and sticky inside and out, then place them in a manual pressing machine and press them into wax sheets under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 tons for 2-4 seconds.

[0010] Preferably, in step three, for petal or calyx-like workpieces, the weight of the wax particles is 1g-3g.

[0011] Preferably, in step four, when pressing the sheet, a 0.3-0.8mm thick high-temperature resistant silicone film is placed on both the top and bottom of the wax particles, and a silicone-based release agent is sprayed on it; the pressing step is repeated 3-4 times, and the sheet is reheated for 1-2 minutes after each pressing.

[0012] The present invention also provides a molding process for wax flakes based on the above-mentioned wax material, comprising the following steps: S1. Texture pressing: Place a wax sheet with a thickness of 0.4-0.6mm and a temperature of 30-40℃ on a texture mold with a temperature of 25-35℃, cover it with PE film and silicone sheet, and press it under a pressure of 0.5-1.6KN. During the pressing process, rotate the mold assembly horizontally 360°. S2. Cutting and shaping: Use hot air at 100-300℃ or warm air at 101-110℃ to locally heat and soften the pressed wax sheet, then cut and shape it in three dimensions, and set it on a cooler for 1-3 minutes after shaping. S3. Layered bonding: Using high-frequency wax as an adhesive material, the multi-layered wax parts are sequentially positioned and bonded to the pre-set skeleton through heating and welding to form the final wax model.

[0013] Preferably, in step one, the thickness of the PE film is 0.015 mm, and the thickness of the silicone sheet is 0.5-0.8 mm.

[0014] Preferably, in step two, when using a micro-hot air blower for local heating, the nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-4.0mm, and the distance between the wax part and the heat source is controlled by the airflow setting.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The wax material of this invention is compounded with beeswax, paraffin wax, rosin, lignite wax and high-frequency wax in a specific ratio, achieving a balance between hardness and toughness. After natural cooling, it has the characteristics of "hard in the middle and soft in the middle", which is not brittle and not sticky. It is especially suitable for making fine jewelry wax molds that conform to natural curves. 2. The standardized quantitative process parameters of this invention improve the repeatability of the process and the pass rate of wax molds, making it suitable for large-scale production; 3. The molding sequence of this invention, which involves "texture pressing first and then three-dimensional shaping," allows the texture to extend naturally with the twisting of the wax sheet in the later stages, overcoming the problem of texture distortion in traditional processes. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0017] I. Wax Formula The wax material of the present invention is composed of the following components in weight percentage: Beeswax 30%-40% Paraffin wax 5%-15% 45%-55% rosin Lignite wax 2%-8% The percentages of 1%-10% for high-frequency waxes are based on the mass percentage of the total wax content.

[0018] Furthermore, each raw material meets the following technical specifications: the melting point of beeswax is 62-67℃; the paraffin wax is No. 58 Kunlun wax block; the rosin is of extra grade with a melting point of 47-64℃; the applicable temperature of high-frequency wax is 80-82℃; the melting point of lignite wax is 75-83℃ and the density is 0.98-1.03 g / cm³.

[0019] The core characteristics of this wax are: excellent plasticity, it can be shaped when heated to 40-45℃, and its hardness is sufficient to set after cooling at room temperature. Moreover, the finished product can be changed shape at will when heated, and it is easy to adjust the local heating.

[0020] II. Preparation Method of Wax Material Includes the following steps: 1. Wax boiling and filtration: Place all raw materials weighed according to the formula into a container and heat at 100℃-130℃ for 60-100 minutes, stirring clockwise at a uniform speed for half a minute every 15 minutes until all raw materials are completely melted and mixed. Then, filter using a 400-800 mesh sterile cotton cloth to remove impurities.

[0021] 2. Cooling and shaping: Pour the filtered wax liquid into a foil tray and cool it at room temperature (25℃) or normal temperature for 30-40 minutes to solidify it into a wax block.

[0022] 3. Cutting wax granules: Using a hot air gun at an outlet temperature of 100℃-350℃, soften the wax block to be cut until the desired weight of granules is achieved. For thin workpieces such as petals or calyxes, it is preferable to cut the wax granules to 1g-3g / granule.

[0023] 4. Sheet Forming: Place the wax granules on a constant-temperature heating platform and heat at 40-50℃ for 10-20 minutes to soften the wax material both inside and out. Place the softened wax granules between an electric mold plate coated with a silicone-based release agent, and place a 0.3-0.8mm thick high-temperature resistant silicone sheet on both the top and bottom. Then, place it in a manual molding machine and press it under 0.2-0.3 tons of pressure for 2-4 seconds to form a wax sheet of the desired thickness. This step can be repeated 3-4 times as needed to achieve the target thickness.

[0024] III. Wax Modeling Process Includes the following steps: 1. Texture Pressing: Place a pre-made wax sheet (0.4-0.6mm thick, wax temperature 30-40℃) onto a texture mold made of hard aluminum or hard wax, controlling the mold temperature at 25-35℃. Cover the wax sheet with a PE film (0.015mm thick) and a 0.5-0.8mm silicone sheet in sequence, then place the entire assembly into a manual pressing machine and press under a pressure of 0.5-1.6KN. During the pressing process, rotate the mold assembly horizontally 360° (e.g., press once in each of the four cardinal directions) to obtain a uniform texture depth.

[0025] 2. Cutting, Shaping, and Form Adjustment: Use a heat gun (100-300℃) or a low-temperature hot air blower (101-110℃) to locally heat and soften the pressed wax sheet. Then, perform cutting, bending, twisting, and other shaping operations to form three-dimensional shapes such as petals and sepals. After shaping, place the wax piece on a cooler for 1-3 minutes to quickly set the shape.

[0026] 3. Layered bonding and overlapping molding: For multi-layered structures (such as multi-layered petals), high-frequency wax is used as an adhesive material. The wax parts are heated and soldered by an electric soldering iron to position and bond each layer of wax parts to the prefabricated screw assembly or corresponding skeleton to form the final wax model.

[0027] Example 1 (Preferred proportions for smooth workpieces) Weigh the raw materials according to the following ratio: beeswax 34g, paraffin wax 5g, rosin 50g, lignite wax 5g, and high-frequency wax 6g. Place the raw materials in a steel pot, put it on an induction cooker, and heat at 120℃ for 80 minutes, stirring every 15 minutes. After filtering with 600-mesh cotton cloth, pour into a foil tray and cool at room temperature (25℃) for 35 minutes to obtain a wax block. Cut the wax block into 2g granules and heat on a constant temperature platform at 45℃ for 15 minutes until soft and sticky inside and out. Place the wax granules between an electric mold template sprayed with a silicone-based release agent, with 0.5mm silicone sheets on top and bottom, and hold under 0.25 tons of pressure for 3 seconds. Repeat the heating-pressing process 3 times to obtain a smooth wax sheet with a thickness of 0.5mm. This wax sheet is used to make wax molds for precision inlaid products, and it releases smoothly with intact edges.

[0028] Example 2 (Preferred proportions for textured workpieces) The raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: beeswax 35g, paraffin wax 10g, rosin 50g, lignite wax 3g, and high-frequency wax 2g. The preparation method was the same as in Example 1. The obtained wax sheet (0.4mm thick) was placed in a hard aluminum mold with petal texture at 30°C, covered with a 0.015mm PE film and a 0.6mm silicone sheet, and pressed under a pressure of 1.2KN using a four-way rotary pressing method to obtain a petal wax sheet with clear texture. Subsequently, the edges of the petals were heated and softened using a 110°C micro-hot air blower to create a three-dimensional shape, finally producing a rose wax mold. The petal texture transitioned naturally with the shape and there were no cracks.

[0029] Example 3 (Application of multiple metals) Multiple petal wax pieces obtained in Example 2, as well as separately made calyx wax pieces, were 3D scanned and assembled and fine-tuned with a pre-designed 5-layer screw assembly model in computer software. Resin models were then 3D printed and cast into pure gold petals and 18K gold calyxes. Finally, the different metal petals, calyxes, and gemstone-encrusted flower cores were assembled and locked together using the screw assembly to obtain a multi-layered jewelry piece combining various metal elements.

[0030] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wax material for making wax molds for jewelry, characterized in that, It is composed of the following components by weight percentage: beeswax 30%-40%, paraffin wax 5%-15%, rosin 45%-55%, lignite wax 2%-8%, and high-frequency wax 1%-10%.

2. The wax material according to claim 1, characterized in that, It consists of the following components by weight percentage: beeswax 34%, paraffin wax 5%, rosin 50%, lignite wax 5%, and high-frequency wax 6%.

3. The wax material according to claim 1, characterized in that, It consists of the following components by weight percentage: beeswax 35%, paraffin wax 10%, rosin 50%, lignite wax 3%, and high-frequency wax 2%.

4. The wax material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beeswax has a melting point of 62-67℃; the paraffin wax is No. 58 Kunlun wax block; the rosin is premium grade rosin with a melting point of 47-64℃; the high-frequency wax has an applicable temperature of 80-82℃; and the lignite wax has a melting point of 75-83℃ and a density of 0.98-1.03 g / cm³.

5. A method for preparing a wax material based on any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Wax boiling and filtration: Heat each raw material in the formula at 100℃-130℃ for 60-100 minutes, melt and mix them, and then filter them with 400-800 mesh cotton cloth; S2. Cooling and Shaping: Pour the filtered wax liquid into a container and cool it at room temperature for 30-40 minutes until it solidifies into a wax block; S3. Cutting wax pellets: Heat the part of the wax block to be cut with a hot air gun until it is soft and sticky, and then cut it into wax pellets of the required weight; S4. Pressing into sheets: Heat the wax granules at 40-50℃ for 10-20 minutes until they are soft and sticky inside and out, then place them in a manual pressing machine and press them into wax sheets under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 tons for 2-4 seconds.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step three, for workpieces resembling petals or calyxes, the weight of the wax particles is 1g-3g.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step four, when pressing the sheet, a 0.3-0.8mm thick high-temperature resistant silicone film is placed on both the top and bottom of the wax particles, and a silicone-based release agent is sprayed on it; the pressing step is repeated 3-4 times, and the sheet is reheated for 1-2 minutes after each pressing.

8. A molding process for a wax sheet prepared based on the wax material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Texture pressing: Place a wax sheet with a thickness of 0.4-0.6mm and a temperature of 30-40℃ on a texture mold with a temperature of 25-35℃, cover it with PE film and silicone sheet, and press it under a pressure of 0.5-1.6KN. During the pressing process, rotate the mold assembly horizontally 360°. S2. Cutting and shaping: Use hot air at 100-300℃ or warm air at 101-110℃ to locally heat and soften the pressed wax sheet, then cut and shape it in three dimensions, and set it on a cooler for 1-3 minutes after shaping. S3. Layered bonding: Using high-frequency wax as an adhesive material, the multi-layered wax parts are sequentially positioned and bonded to the pre-set skeleton through heating and welding to form the final wax model.

9. The molding process according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step one, the PE film has a thickness of 0.015 mm, and the silicone sheet has a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm.

10. The molding process according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step two, when using a micro-heater for localized heating, the nozzle diameter is 0.5mm-4.0mm, and the distance between the wax piece and the heat source is controlled by the airflow setting.